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THE

e

FIFTY-SEVENTH REPORT '

OF THE

b

BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION

18

20

IN

26

2

31

SOUTH-WESTERN INDIA

44

oR e

50

10

73

19

189‘6

84

90

93

97

Z53

0d

20

MANGALORE

PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS

1897

SH

:

N

',!

EJT

g“

bA

Published in August 1897,

The compiler of this Report has not been able, on account of several

circumstances, to publish it as early as usual.

Our friends are kindly requested

to excuse the unavoidable delay.

TI] E

&

FIFTY-SEVENTH REPORT

OF THE

BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION

IN

SOU TH-WESTERN INDIA

f severl

equested

FOR THE YEAR

1896

MANGALORE

PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS

1897

T T

P I A P Tt g D S o o e e R e RIS T A2 1y i S e Bl

I T o

S

=1

¥

N a3

oI oo

(oo (=)

e

T ———————

Wi

European Missionaries

of the Basel German Evangelical Mission.

Corrected up to the 1st May 1897.

[The letter (m) afterthe namessignifies “married”, and the letter (w) ‘“widower”

The names of unordained Missionaries are marked with an asterisk.]

Date of

Name

Native

Active

Station

Country

Service

1851

Ch. A. E. Diez (w)

Germany

Kasaragod

J. Lauffer (m)

do.

1856

Chombala

‘W. Stokes (m)

India

1860

Kaity (Coonoor)

Th. Digel (m)

Germany

1864

Mulki

Switzerland

1865

S. Walter (m)

Vaniyankulam

J. A. Brasche (m)

Germany

1869

Udipi

W. P.Schonthal (m)*

do.

1870

Cannanore

do.

1871

Mangalore

G. Hirner (m)*

G. Grossmann (m)

Switzerland

5

1874

Kotageri

;caoo—qcocnm-u,mu

J. Baumann (m)*

do.

1874

Palghat

=

R. Schenkel (m)

Germany

1874

Merecara

do.

1875

W. Liitze (m)

Kaity

L. Gengnagel (m)

do.

1875

Basrur-Kundapur

J. B. Veil (m)*

do.

1875

Merecara -

C. G. Eblen (m)

do.

1876

Udipi

Switzerland

1876

M. Hoch (m)

Mangalore

G. Benner (m)*

Germany

1877

Guledgudd

H. Altenmiiller (m)*

do

1878

Mangalore

do

1878

J. G. Kithnle (m)

Palghat

S©®amotm ® o

C. D. Warth (m)

do

1878

Hubli

J. J. Jaus (m)

do

1879

Calicut

B

I. Weismann (m)

do

1879

Chombala

do

1879

Chr. Keppler (m)

Udipi

C. W. Dilger (m)

do

1880

Tellicherry (Nettur)

S i 65

K. Stierlen (m)*

do

1880

Mangalore

do

1881

do.

K. Ernst (m)

==

J. Fischer (m)

do

1881

Anandapur

&

F. Eisfelder (m)

do

1882

Guledgudd

P

K. Schaal (m)

do

1883

Cannanore

S

do

1883

M. Schaible (m)

Mangalore

31

. G. Peter (m)

Switzerland

1885

Cannanore

32

. J. Waidelich (m)

Germany

1885

Bettigeri-Gadag

Shal ol

Date of

Name

Native

Active

Station

Country

Service

33

1886

Dharwar

)

. 0. Bode (m)

Germany

34

. J. Gotz (m)

do.

1886

Karkal

13

35

. A. Glattfelder (m)*

Switzerland

1886

Mangalore

T4

36

do.

1887

do.

(b

Paul Buchli (m)*

37

F. Rehm (m)

Germany

1888

Tellicherry (Nettur)

16

38

R. Bosshardt (m)

Switzerland

1888

Codacal

1

39

H. Risch (m)

Germany

1888

Bettigeri-Gadag

78

40

do

1888

Calicut

Fr. Volz (m)*

19

41

G. Wieland (m)

do

1889

Kaity

42

W. Weischedel (m)*

do

1889

Mangalore

43

do

1890

do.

J. Bucher (m)

44

H.Bretschneider (m)*

do

1890

Udipi (Malpe)

80

45

Th. Uber (m)

do

1890

Tellicherry

81

46

S. Stamm (m)*

Switzerland

1891

Mangalore

82

47

1891

Honavar

8

O. Singer (m)

Germany

48

W. Jung (m)*

do.

1891

Mangalore

49

F. Boas (m) *

do.

1891

Codacal

50

Switzerland

1891

Calicut

H. Kessler (m)*

84

51

M. Breidenbach (m)

Germany

1892

Udipi

52

Ph. Weidner (m)

do.

1892

Kasaragod

8

53

Tr. Lutz

Switzerland

1892

Hubli

86

54

J. Béchle

1893

Mulki

81

Germany

55

K. Mayer (m)

do.

1893

Guledgudd

88

56

A. Metz

do.

1893

Bijapur

89

57

E. Hiller

Australia

1894

%

58

Palghat

9

0. Eckelmann (m)*

Germany

1894

Codacal

59

P. Borel

do

1894

Mangalore

9

60

Ch. Fritz

do

1894

Kaity (Coonoor)

%

61

do

1894

9

P. Sengle

Tellicherry (Nettur)

62

Ch. Gebhardt*

do

1894

Calicut

9

63

Tr. Reusch

do

1895

Dharwar

9

64

Joh. Knobloch *

do

1895

Calicut

bl

65

1895

‘W.Stokes, u. 8., c. ». &p.*

India.

do.

98

66

Joh. Fahrenberger

Germany

1895

Vaniyankulam

%9

67

Rob. Schilling

Switzerland

1895

Codacal

100

68

. R. Biichner

1896

69

Germany

Bijapur

. G. Fischer

do.

1896

Mulki

70

. F'. Heinecken

do.

1896

Hubli

71. A. Schosser

do.

1896

Udipi

Name

Native

Date of

Active

Station

Country

Service

72.J. Miiller

Germany

1896

Karkal

73

H. Wolpert

do.

1896

Mercara

4

E. Liithi

Switzerland

1896

Basrur-Kundapur

75

H. Kiihner*

1896

Calicut

Germany

ottur)

76

H. Eidenbenz*

Switzerland

1896

Cannanore

77

R. Hohn*

Germany

1896

Palghat

0

8

W. Rath

do.

1896

9

L. Weber*

Bettigeri-Gadag

do.

1897

Mangalore

Single Ladies.

80

1894

Chombala

Mrs. G. Sautter (w)

Germany

81

Miss H. Strolin

do.

1893

Mangalore

82

Miss M. Krauss

do.

1895

do.

83

Miss M. Hanhart

Switzerland

1895

Calicut

At Home.

84

J. Knobloch (m)

Germany

1865

late of Calicut

85

do.

1869

do

86

G. Ritter (m)

Mangalore

W. Sikemeier (m)

Holland

1870

do

Kotageri

87

'W. Niibling (m)

Germany

1871

do

Honavar

88

J. Hermelink (m)

do.

1872

do

Mangalore

89

do.

1875

do

E.Liebendorfer, M.D.(m)

Calicut

90

A. Ruhland (m)

do.

1876

do

Cannanore

91

L. J. Frohnmeyer (m)

do.

1876

do

Tellicherry

92

Switzerland

1884

do

. Bettigeri-Gadag

B. Liithi (m)

93

K. Hole (m)

Germany

1884

do

Vaniyankulam

r)

94

D. Berli (m)

Switzerland

1885

do

Bijapur

otlr)

95

F. Huber (m)*

do. -

1886

do

Mangalore

96.

do.

1887

do

Merecara

J. Sieber (m)*

97.

Th. Lutz (m)

do.

1887

do

Hubli

98. W. Bader (m)

Germany

1888

do

Cannanore

99. &. Kehrer (m)*

do.

1888

do

Calicut

100. Ph. Stier (m)

do.

1891

do

Bijapur

Tabular View of Stations, Agents and Churches

of the Basel German Evangelical Mission in South-Western India.

st JANUARY 1897.

Agents of the Mission

Native Church

European

Native Agents

New

Mission-

wn

Present Church-

aries

|

Converts

Members

NAMES

%

OF

N

MISSION STATIONS

UeLISIIYD

URLISTAY)-UON

SI0)SBW-[00YOF

UOTIBIS B JO ®OIEB oY)

S9SSOI)SIW-[00Y9S

9681 Surmp syIg

SIUPY

TIPIIYD

S1UBOTUNWTLO))

g

SUOWNY091BD

120k oY} UL POYSIqRISH

urgya vorgendod ojewrxorddy

SuoI1BI|-1nQ

uoayjoIg

8103818

SI10)SBJ 9A1IBN

S1S100}8() 3 SISI[0SUBAY

sanojaodiop

uouo M -o191d

J191SBW-[00Y0§ UBIISLIY)

9681 Sunnp sypea(

1. Canara.

1834

297715

11

i

L

14

2

b o |

18

40

100

12

1415

2437

19

1. Mangalore

2. Mulki

1845

120000

18

19

388

732

10

1854

126200

317

i

17

30

70

15

969

1879

45

Udipi

Karkal

1872

70000

55

104

1876

157768

5

54

121

Basrur-Kundapur

15

é

Kasaragod

1886

280660

e R e g s,

éz)

%

MHOoOMmOo OO

fl);

%)

AN O O™

14

—_—f—— | —— | ————— | ———— | ——

E

56

138

56

40

83

210

39

23

293

5411

89

1052343

81

23

<

48

22

771

00 -

L

AR Iy T NG /

-

il vl

A.]n[nl ‘l!

O [

i

<> !

e [

O '

ol 68[124\

A

borac.

i

SERa

e

S~

o

LA

e

. EN

-\ : \ioszsas \®a

<

29

23

48

:

22

4.0

210

89

28

2987

5411

8¢

\..

‘_

AM

11. Coorg.

1870

90000

vl

68

124

7. Mercara

.

.

.

1853

88300

0

0

(=R

116

188

8. Anandapur (Am

matti)

.

312

178300

o«o]o

é;

[=

-

E

g

184

111. Southern Mahratta.

21

.

.

.

1887

291300

%

12

85

9. Dharwar

393

.

.

.

.

1839

530550

S ™

16

22

221

Io0.

Hubli

.

1841

290000

g

5

28

305

535

IT.

Bettigeri-Gadag

.

1851

278650

17

37

270

568

12,

Guledgudd .

42

.

.

1885

457160

20

T3

Bijapur

.

1845

319700

AN O N

%

%

é

g

SO OO0 OO

%

%

g

§

g

%

30-

56

14.

Honavar

.

—_ e |a— | — | —| ——— | ———

A R S R T

29

66

105

931

1806

o o |K3 SO ¥ ANOOo ‘QD

2167360

a0

15

1V. Malabar.

.

1841

310940

16

28

28

10

509

927

43

E5.

Cannanore

.

.

.

.

.

18389

195480

19

(=

9

129

11

283

570

14

16.

Tellicherry

.

.

1849

304000

31

21

207

498

20

17

Chombala (Mahé) .

.

.

1842

340800

16

ol

43

49

59

29

765

1817%

19

18.

Calicut

.

.

1857

562400

i

H W S WA

14

47

26

26

630

1244

47

19.

Codacal (Edacu

lam. St-atn.

1886

445500

%

10

57

85

20.

Vaniyankulam (Ottapalam

372150

%

%

24

14

33

31

223

442

19

21.

Palghat

0

.

.

s

?

1858

© m\

S O HNO ™ ml

<+ o N]

20

9

2531270

~H

e

29

3

i

~<H

Lo |

I

81

10

H © W #1105 PO

125

169

198

121

2674

5078

V. Nilgiris.

22,

.

.

1846

60000

21

27

19

19

10

175

329

Kaity .

i

.

.

.

1867

16000

i’

1%

%

o o

0

10

95

225

23

Kotageri

AT [ EOREERnS| PSRN ISR MI0R IR SRR [PRaasian I S

A

10

76000

30

35

S o | O

29

23

13

270

554

—

9|

=

Potal.. ..

.

j

11

136

32

203

54

E

91

6996

13161

312

=1zl

528 [274 |167

12331

58

137

(e o}

182

54

105

272

6567

347

Total of 1st January 1896 .

ek e Es S R e e e | |

488|158 | 51

.

.

35

Decrease during 1896

— e e

(=]

19

19

429

830

Increase

ditto

40 [116 116

Abstract showing the Contributions of the Churches towards

their Church Expenses, the Mission and the Poor

in 1896.

Sunday

Offerings

Donations

Special

Regular

Offerings &

and

Offerings

Collections

and

and special

Collections

Special

Church

Donations

anations

Collections

for the

Collections

Stations

Donations

for Bible

Total

Contribu-

towards

towards the

for

Malabar

for local

tions

Church

Mission-

towards the

Societies

Poor-funds

Orphanages

Widow-

Purposes

Expenses

work

fund

Rs

As

<%

Rs.

As.

Rs.

A

P.

Rs.

As.

¥

<

P,

Rs

As

Rs

As

Rs.

As

R,

Rs.

As

<9

8

Mangalore

.

.

530

362

i1

11

284

i

~H

229

20

11

32

706

2166

13

°

.

°

it

14

29

13

10

Jeppu

30

30

10

10

222

13

Bockapatna

.

.

10

40

2

40

12

© = O

E

294

12

167

mﬁl

11

LA A (e ] R S

Oc:t-’

Total. .

.

817

15

432

12

11

355

302

14

30

38

hyay

706

2684

Mulki

.

.

.

.

100

12

52

16

L)

62

14

12

15

15

276

i

Udipi-Malpe . . .

.

243

133

39

165

1t

11

23

45

10

661

Karkal

.

.

.

24

25

18

89

13

Basrur-K undapur

.

43

27

15

19

o |

15

14

i

9

111

11

!

40

32

13

21

Kasaragod

11

11

e

22

14

147

Mercara .

.

.

54

66

61

14

22

20

14

240

12

Anandapur

.

.

34

O OO 0D e

W W, OO © b O SO D

26

;%

35

D v 10 e = N O b

ooc:ojmc:o—toobocom

i 5/

i

b ol Yo S o N s IR i ~ B e S o T~ T =

D= O Q. O I eSS

H O O

6

QN O O I O S

%

NII‘NOHOlOOOI

122

Pt = o B o B s B [ e 1 L )

Lt &k W cL i € o

D =

>

T

T

$ Aot N Bt

5

17

Al

]

122

3

Amnandapuar

-\

34

) ol

2

S

o emest sEeecg)

A

Pl b

\

skl =1

l‘;l

—~———

Dharwar

59

21

12

13

10

11

12

273

12

N

15A8

Hubli

]

.

]

.

.

.

132

57

15

32

33

12

16

291

—

l

Bettigeri-Gad.-Shag.

88

58

I~

17

51

11

218

11

.

41

i

o

s

Guledgudd

.

.

.

131

13

35

(=}

228

14

18

12

13

|

|

l

l

46

Bijapur . ' . -

Honavar-Karwar

1%

15

Py

13

12

62

Cannanore

°

.

.

430

132

282

107

15

5

~H

179

1184

12

Ao

2

Tellicherry, Nettur

224

78

2

11

i

217

(=]

240

b |

732

1

Chombala-Mahé

.

169

51

11

66

Ao

349

134

48

837

.

644

182

207

448

14

S |

35

20

84

Yod

1642

Calicut -Coilandy

€odacal .. . -

404

80

T e

46

o

224

™

31

2

84

885

Vaniyankulam

.

36

13

e

30

26

12

::5;

10

9

124

=i

%

%

2

Palghat .

0

.

.

162

45

101

4

309

10

36

255

925

.

.

«

113

41

46

36

Kaity

18

151

426

Kotageri . .

82

S0P QN s v 0RO 100 Q00 ABPNNLIO . O OO O

i == e PR o T el f e B em R e i, (o S RS M R e B o MR oo )

46

(o e ik Yol o MRS R (o 1 Vel R o S 1 T 0 s BN o7

§

1

(o= Bt o (RS LD Yol oY B o My o WO = P M - PSR U o (0 s) 0 o i oo iR =)

S ORGSRl O ) 00 B IO SIAG T O el SIS

32

O e O U0LI.00) BRI O 0 D O

%

¥

GO i O IS e DS G~

@O OEIQN D B, O OH OO,

18

6

A N H W O O 1 D O

QOO O IO Qi vy S L)

265

g

Qe O RO NO O O O 0T 0L ©

Total. .

B

1

(=]

1937

100

222

&

P

™

4069‘ 14

1676l 15‘

2186‘

g

89‘ 9

391} 18

1903} 14| 11

12478 ] 8’ 3

Total in 1895

o

1512

11|

Nel

248

=

i

3805l 11

1732] 11‘

1809{

0|

85| 12

322| 1

402[ 7] 8

9919| 8] 7

Table of Schools of the Basel German Evangelical Mission.

1897

st JANUARY

s s

o v T

Total of pupils

Schools for Christians

Schools for

under instruction

Non-

Training and

Day

Christians

Girls

Schools

Boys

Boarding Schools

NAMES

OF

10

Total

MISSION STATIONS

s9ssB[) [00Y9S

S9SSBT) [00YOS

8[007Og JO IoqUInN

SOIIBUIWOg [BOIS0[09 T,

ST00Y9g SuruILdf,

s[00y0g YSIH pue S[PPIN

sofeueydig sdog

soSeueydiQ S[I1H

sosse[) Adewag

qSIH pu® S[PPIN

sosse[) Alewiig

ySIH pu® S[PPIN

SUBHSLLIY)

SUBIISTAY)-UON

SUBTISTIYD

SUBTISTIY)-UON

s[00gog juBjul

sjooyog Aepung

1. South Canara.

v

-

i

*

292

36

12

190

235

504

185

134

1058

o

105

1. Mangalore

0

89

94

246

2. Mulki

.

]

187

517

10

SO~

o

314

16

20

250

94

11

22

478

3.

Udipi

Karkal

12

12

14

112

7E{

14

112

21

Basru r—Kundapur

g

oo HOo OO

e R o I = R e i e i <)

467

105

433

14

120

572

NOoO oo OQ

Kasaragod

OCOOOOI

OOO’

|

0 O O N WO X

-

O OO 0O

e

-

10

-

[nd

<

RQ

KR0OK

K9

12151

295

B2

11907

424

294

2478

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5

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s

Mercara

el oo b6

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=

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G

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A Ao

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Lol B

P53

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S.

ASasrur-iS.anaapuac

K asaragod

<

467

105

5

433

3 4

120

572

o

(o]

5

B

2|20

‘;)

B

5

s U Wt Bl

205

563

Sl

1197

424

294

L

2478

e

S

¥

\

|

62

40

11. Coorg.

.

.

18

47

49

65

(=)

7. Mercara

26

18

13

26

8. Anandapur (Ammattl) :

l

é

OOIO

z

oolo

OO’O

OO'O

§

§

44

47

18

49

21

(Z;

91

111. Southern Mahratia

.

e

5

24

63

199

16

253

69

343

60

9. Dharwar

.

.

.

87

114

36

133

32~

201

40

10.

Hubli .

.

.

.

.

(]

SO W

100

S OB

49

110

110

114

16

240

62

El,

Bettigeri-Gadag

36

82

25

77

16

118

102

12,

ruledgudd

.

135

1238

135

I3

Bijapur

.

.

32

29

3

5]

&

14

Honavar

.

.

%

0001

i

OOOI

&S oo oo e

OOOOOO[O

[ ]

[ae)

10D

100

ZE;

196

g

53

;:3))

197

729

136

%

1069

OCOOOOIO

264

1V. Malabar

21

119

138

94

22

373

o

110

Lo

Cannanore

.

.

175

35

142

19

392

40

110

7384

134

16.

Tellicherry

.

.

-

<t O

s

(el =)

©

S ©

98

22

383

148

271

141

23

475

(=)

52

11

17

Chombala (Mahé)

.

45

10

56

186

116

40

474

81

786

@

100

18

Calicut

3

.

176

31

373

06

136

95

169

475

60

I9

Codacal (Edaculam Qtatn )

(e o}

S o oo

166

205

14

209

92

14

166

15

20.

Vaniyankulam (Ottapalam)

125

41

143

53

21,

Palghat

.

e

.

.

.

:E’E

61

177

70

47

209

44

308

D’COL“CQV‘

oooool

___é_

OOOOOl

l

S o |

~t

i

©

<

@

Yool

107

732

103

1591

616

48

1796

510

263

3317

179

411

Pt

S

V. Nilgiris

160

(o}

Kaity

.

.

10

33

49

17

526

30

73

549

11

43

676

.

.

QT

20

35

11

133

23

147

25

4

199

0

0

cn

Kotageri .

A

_'(7)_

s

ol daail

20

84

28

659

30

96

696

36

47

875

0

160

32

10

33

S S S———

243

1861

186

7830

975

Total. .

.

136

31

'150\243

3944 j 1140

1622 | 4467

1127 ‘ 614

241|

| e ——

7836

240

\

1071

Total of 1stJanuary 1896

.

139

30 |21 |120/232|224

1830

140

3803 | 1183

1648 | 4433

1179 | 5

|

¥ 5 @irls.

T Girls.

12

—

Detailed Table of Stations, Out~Stations

01

and Agents, 1st January 1897.

2.1

Stations

Native Agents:—

and

European Agents

Pastors, Catechists

Out-Stations

and Headmasters

Ka

Hadik

Santu

1. Mangalore

a. Pastoral

a. Engaged

in Pastoral and

Balmatha,

Evangelistic Work

Tchil

Rev. G. Ritter, 7z charge

Madikerigudde,

of station,

Chairman of

Rev. Sebastian Furtado,

Nireshwalya,

the District Committee

Padu;

Fastor, Feppu

1

Jeppu,

Rev. P. Borel, 74.

Rev. Samuel Andrea,

Bockapatna, Urva,

Fastor, Balmatha

utya

b. Educational

Nind

Bolur, Kudroli

Rev. M. Hoch,

Rev. Jared Soens,

Theolog.

Fastor, Bockapalna

Out-Stations::

Secr. Genl. Com.

Sems-

nary

Cat. Solomon Bangera,

»

0

Bolma,

Rev. J. Hermelink

}

Cat. Mark Salis,

Ni

Ullal,

Rev. J. Bucher, Higl

Madikerigudde

Kape

Bantwal,

School

Kutti

» DBenjamin Ananda,

Puttur.

Miss

H. = Strolin,

Giris’

itinerancy

Parkaf]

Training Schoold

» Christananda Salis, ,

Shep

Miss M. Krauss,

Ev. Gabriel Bangera, Puttur

Brakmin Giris’ School

Nl

Cat. William Fernandez, ,

Udjay

Gudde

¢. Mercantile

”

G. Premaya, Bolma

”

Lewis Fernandez,

Sty

Bo

Mr. H. Altenmiiller, Gezd.

Bantwal

Kaﬂup

Agent & Treasurer

P

Maday

”

P. Buchli, M. M.-Br. |y, Educational Work

b

Cat. Chr. Watsa,

Theolog.

d. Industrial

Manager

|

Semi-

faly

Mr. J. Veil, M. M.-Br.

”

Ch. Maben

I nary

41]

”

G. Hirner, Press

S, Karat)

”

High

0

S. Stamm, Book Depot.

J. Rajiva,

”

F. Stierlen, Weav.Es¢.

”

}

School

S. B. Soens,

Kand:

”

W. Weischedel,

»

P& Shivi

Balmatha

Mechanicad Works

Girls’

School

»

W. Jung,

Kudroli Tile-Works

fung

A. Glattfelder,

Feppu Tile-Works

13

Stations

Native Agents:—

and

European Agents

Pastors, Catechists

Out-Stations

and Headmasters

2. Mulki

Rev. Th. Digel, én charge of | Cat. Obed Sumitra, Muiki

Out-Stations.

station and Orphanage

7

E. Karat, Uckila

Karnad,

Hadike, Ulya,

Rev. J. Bichle, owuz-stations,

»

Abraham Heri, Senizur

»

Aaron Furtado, Zedur

Santur, Bolettu,

schools and itin.

ant

Balegundi,

J. Aarons, Munderu

Uchila, Yermal,

Rev. G. Fischer, stud. Tubu

Mullur,

n

Joseph Sunita, Aedike

0y

Padur, Perrur, Kalatur,

»

Karandad,

J. Vedamuttu, ](’ut}‘/ar

thpu

Madumbu,

Kutyar, Kalatur,

1atho

Munderu, Kodetur.

Qi

3. Udipi

Rev. J.A.Brasche, Christiar

Rev. Daniel Aaron, /.

Out-Stations -

High Schood,

Orphanage

n

Charles Gojar,

Nidambur, Bailur,

Pastor, Malpe

Kapettu,

Kadekar,

and Training School, Dist.

Kuttipadi, Amalpadi,

Insp. of Schools

»

Immanuel Furtado,

rﬂ,.’."d ¢

Madambail

Parkala,

Badegottu,

Perala,

Parika,

Rev. Ch. Keppler, stazion

Cat. Joseph Kairanna,

Y

Kilenja,

and out-siations

Udipi Church

)

Shepura,

»

Malpe, Urdubittalu,

Winf. Mipha

nie

Rev. Ch. Eblen, i%nr. and

St. Jatanna

hr. High

Udyavara, Bolja,

out-stations

School

Ty 9

Gudde, Kap, Mandodi,

”

Fr. Jatanna

Shirva, Pallji, Ninjur,

e

Rev. M. Breidenbach,

»

N. Vira, Gudde

Bolle, Kudigrama,

Ebenezer Clare, Furkala

Ly

Kattupadi,

Koppala,

out-stations and ilinerancy

fud

Possar, Ambadi,

G. Bangera, Aattupadi

Rev. A. Schosser, s¢ud. Tulu

Madambail,

Kurkal,

”

M. Jayanta, Aalyanapur

Kalanja, Bijantla,

Mr. H. Bretschneider,

7

Joshua Soens, Skirve

Marane,

Kalyanapur,

Uppur,

Tide-Works, Malpe

N. Suchitta, Udyavare

0lode

Bolmar, Amunja

T. Ammanna, Skepura

ol

oy

4, Karkal

Rev. J. Gotz, in ckharge of

Cat. Samuel Sumitra,

Oui-Stations -

station, itin.

N. Churck and itin.

igh

Attur, Mudar,

Rev. J. Miiller, szud. Tuln

b2

Joseph Bhagyan, /.

Nandolige, Hekkadka,

fool

Mudabedra

the

5. Basrur

Rev. L. Gengnagel,

Evang. Tim. Furtado, 2.

ghool

Out-Stations :

in charge of station and

Cat. Immanuel Soens,

N. Church, Basrur, i¢in.

Kundapur, HKailkeri,

out-stations, itin.

Barkur

”

Daniel Andrea,

Rev. E. Liithi, studying

Kundapur Church,itin.

Canarese, itin.

»

W. Heri, Barkur, itin.

Assist. Cat. Ch. Manjaru,

Kailkeri, itin.

14

A e

Stations

Native-Agents :—

and

European Agents

Pastors, Catechists

Out-Stations

and Headmasters

O

—

6. Kasaragod

Rev. E. Diez, in charge of | Cat. Gottlieb Maben,

12. (

N. Church and Schools

Oui-Stations :

station, ilin.

”

Nathan Kundara, #Z7.

O

Ravaneshvara,

”

Jesudasa Melottu, 7Zz.

Parv:

Hosadurga, Bekal,

Rev. Ph. Weidner, Z¢n.

Mara

Israel Eliezer,

Kumbla, Bela,

Manjeshvara School

Ko

Bangaramanjeshvara,

»

W. Amos Kundars,

gu

Hosabetta-Manjeshvara

Kumbla School

My

Halke

Mathias Jeremias, éZzz.

Ravaneshvara N. Ch.

Mgh

n

Gerson Soens, Hosadurga

13,

N. Church and School

George Fernandez,

Hosadurga, itin.

7. Mercara

Rev. R. Schenkel, 7z ciarge

Cat. Gabriel Almanda, Z#7.

Oui-Station .

of station, itin.

”

Paul Soens, Z¢z.

14

Satyanatha Sumanta,

Fraserpet

Mr. J. Sieber, M. M.-Br.

Alikatte school and itin.

Rev. Ch. Fritz, stzud. Canar.

Alikatte,

Asst. Cat. Lewis Salins,

Chembu

Rev. H. Wolpert ,

”

Colporteur

15

8. Anandapur

Rev. J. Fischer, &z charge

Cat. Samuel Furtado,

N. Church and itin.

of station, itin.

”

Nathanael Shatananda,

ztin.

(hoy

9. Dharwar

Rev. O. Bode, #n charge of

Cat. Sol. Ramthal, M. Ck.

Ra

”

Bhagya Alada, izzn.

station, Native Ch., itin.

Asst. Cat. R. Hittalamane

Rev

Tr. Reusch, High

Mr. Alex. Jaganadhan, B. A.,

School, stud. Canarese

Mr. G. Sautter, on sick-deave

Headmaster, High Schood

18

Rev. S. Devada, N. Churcl

10. Hubli

Rev. Ch. D. Warth, i»

charge of station, itin.

Cat. Devadana, Unakaliu

Out-Stations .

”

Daniel Patti,

itin.

Ne

Rev. Tr. Lutz, #n.

Ky

Unakallu, Hebsur

Rev. Fr. Heinecken, szud.

n

Zach. Kanaka,

»

Asst. Cat. Obed Gundi, ,

Canarese

7

”

I. Aralikatte,

Bible Colp.

11. Bettigeri-

Rev. J. Waidelich, iz charge

Cat. St. Mathapati, M. Cz.

of station, itin.

”

Devaputra Hebbali,

Gadag

Frep. School

Out-Stations .

Rev. H. Risch, Z7aining &

12772,

Preparatory Sch., Orphan-

”

Channa Halli,

”

David Jesudasa, Skagoti

Shagoti,

age, Distr. Insp. of Schools,

Asst. Cat. Dana Gouda, 747.

Malasamudra

Shagoti

Rev. W. Rath, stud. Can.

B

15

Stations

Native Agents:—

S

and

European Agents

Pastors, Catechists,

Out-Stations

and Headmasters

chools

12. Guledgudd

Rev. F. Eisfelder, ¢z charge

Cat. Israel Dalabhanjana,

Out-Stations .

of station and some out-st.,

N. Church, itin.

il

Chairman of the District

i,

Parvati, Padinakatte,

Commitiee

» Sol. Jogula, Autkinaralii

Murudi, Hatkinahalli,

» Joh. Prabhakar, izix.

Sehool

Kotanhalli,

Lada-

Rev. K. Mayer, owut-stations

» Jos. Dalabhanjana,

gundi, Nagarhalli,

and ilin.

)

Mullur, Asangi,

Mushtigeri

Sehaol

Halkurki, Adugallu,

Mr. J. Benner, secubar

Asst. Cat. D.Nayaka, 7.

it

Mushtigeri

affairs

n

”

H. Challa, Halk.

[ Ch

durge

13. Bijapur

Rev

. A. Metz, 7n charge of

Cat. St. Sagari

ilin.

station and itinerancy

Sehoo!

Asst. Cat. M. Suvarna

”

Rev

. R. Bichner, szzd. Carn.

, 1t

”

”

Sat. Basutkar ,

_—

| i

Rev

14. Honavar

. O. Singer, 7z charge

Cat. Jacob Upranna,

ilin.

18

Out-Stations :

of station, itin.

”

D. Santvana,

4 it

»

Anilgodu,

Ev. S. Bunyan, Azrwar,

»

5,

Harwar

148

g

15. Cannanore

Rev

‘W. Bader, in charge

Rev. St. Chandran, Zas?. Ch.

of station

Cat. Tim. Parakandi, V. C4.

it

Out-Stations -

Mr. W. P. Schonthal, Weav-

» P.Sneham, Chowa, itin.

ﬂnday

Chowa, Chirakal,

ing FEstablishment

» Ph.Mackadan, 7°alip. izin.

it

Taliparambu,

, Isaac Amattil, Z47.

—

Ramentalli

Rev. T. Fahrenberger,

Ch

studying Mal.

Asst, Cat. Elias Nambi,

i

Chirvakal, itin.

Mr. H. Eidenbenz,

n

jane

»

"

Ebenezer Bethel,

Cannanore, ilin.

Bidy

Sohook

Cat. Stephan Kallat, Nettur

—

16. Tellicherry

Rev. C.W. Dilger, iz charge

Out-Stations .

of station, Theodog. Semin.,

N. Church & T'r. School

jurch

Training School, District

”

Henry Roberts, Christ.

Nettur, Anjarkandy,

Il

Insp. of Schools

High School

il

Kuttuparambu

”

George Peter, 7eologi-

Rev. P. Sengle, 7/eological

Seminary, studying Mal.

cal Seminary

Iy #

Ch. Hermon, Zedlicherry

Rev. F. Rehm, Ckristian

N. Church and Schools

]

High School

”

Anthony Valiatingara,

Anjarkandy, itin.

vcﬁ

Rev. Th. Uber, Farsi High

1y

School

, Abel Kuttuparambu, 747.

Asst. Cat, J. Murkottan,

shotl

Dharmatam, itin.

i

Mr. Jos. Muliyil, B. A., Head-

vlyl dgﬂﬂ‘

master, Chr. High Sch.

! it

Mr. Itti Joseph, B. A., /ead-

master, Training School

16

Stations

Native Agents:—

and

European Agents

Pastors, Catechists,

0

Out-Stations

and Headmasters

17. Chombala-

Rev.

20

Imm. Weismann,

Ev. John Zacharias, .

Mahe

in charge of

station, | Cat. Gabriel Pirachan, 7.

0

Out-Stations -

Orphanage, Schools

”

Henry Menzel,

Chomb. N. Church

Mahé, Kandappen-

kundu, Wadagara,

Rey. J. Lauffer; 27z,

”

Tobias Chembenkodan,

Mailxi

Maké Church and Schools

Ott

Muverattu, Perampara,

”

Tolpatti,

Joseph Taddai,

Payoli, Meladi,

Weadagara, itin.

Karakadu

”

Noah Benjamin,

Muverattn, itin.

n

St. Chattotu, 7.

Asst. Cat. P. Karunagaran,

Lerampara, itin.

Wadi;

Rev. J.Knobloch, 772 charge | Rev. Jonas Padiath, Pzstor,

18. Ca,lileut

of station, schools, Fres.

N. Church

Out-Stations .

Gen. Committee | By, Ashamayan Tumaran,

Qoilandy, Pudiarakal,

Rev. J. J. Jaus, Coilandy

itin. Central Malabar

Pudiangadi,

and itin. | Cat, B, Ponon, N. Crurch,

—

Collam, Korapura

Mr. Joh.Knobloch, ZighSch.

Pudiarakal.

2

Mr. W. Stokes, . B.,

(

Medical Mission

N. Edapalan, inerancy

Jos. Mandodi, Coilandy

nor

Mr. Fr. Volz, Weaving Est.

N. Church and itin.

Hu

"

G. Kehrer, /nd. Agency

0

Sol. Mackaden, ##7.

”

H. Kessler, M. M.-B.

”

Fr, Nambi, Zzgh School

'l'ume;

”

Ch. Gebhardt, 7.-Works | Asst. Cat. A. Pavamani,

)

”n

H. Kiihner, . M.-B.

Medical Mission

Kate:

Miss M. Hanhart, Medical

”

» L. Pawamani, zz#.

Mission | Mr. G. Zacharias, B. A.,

May

Headmaster, High Sch.

Ky

19. Codacal |

Rev. R. Bosshardt, 7z c4arge | Rev. Nath. Arukandan,

Out-Stations :

of station, out-stations and

Fastor, N. Church

Dy

Paraperi, Ponani,

itinerancy | Cat. C., Arunachalan, Zurap.

8

Pallat, Malapuram,

Mr. O. Eckelmann, Furaperi

N. Church

Manjeri, Tritala,

Orphanage

and Secular

”

Isaac Laban, Cod. itin.

Kuttipuram,

Agent

”n

Paul Selvan,

n

”n

8,

Chaawghat,

Mr. ¥. Boas, Zile-Works

"

Devapriyan Amengara,

Nilampur,

Tonani, itin.

Kog

Andatodu,

Rev. R. Schilling, stzdying

Ta

Malayalam

"

Is.Chowalur, Man;. itin.

Chittatakara,

7}

Devasahayam Mandodi,

Chalasheri.

Chittatakara

n

L. Napalli, Chala. itin.

Beré

Asst. Cat. Ch. Kotavalapil,

Frellat.

17

———el

Stations

Native Agents:—

and

Exiropeé.n Agents

Pastors, Catechists

Out-Stations

and Headmasters

72

20. Vaniyan-

Rev. S. Walter, in ckarge of | Cat. Abra. Afungadan, itin.

kulam

station, itin., Chatrman of

i

the District Commiittee

”

Abia Edapalan,

Out-Stations :

Angadipuram, .

Angadipuram,

Rev. E. Hiller, Sckools

urch

”

Bethuel Poyayil,

”

Malattur, Shoranur,

dan,

Panamanna,

"

St. Parakandi,

»

haols

Ottapalam, Tirikatiri

ihim

21. Palghat

Rev. J. G. Kihnle, iZn.

Ev. Sam. Ambattu, 7#7.

Out-Stations -

Cat. Lazar Kallat, V. Church

ihin,

Rev. K. Schaal, iz ciarge

Olavakkode,

n

J. Amengaran, Melpar.

of station and schools

N. Church

Melparambn,

1A,

Wadackencherry,

Noah Benjamin, ##7.

it

Mr. Jakob Baurﬁann,

e

Panayur

Tibe- Works

Alphai Kallan,

n

5107,

”

David Thomas,

n

urch

R. Hohn, Stud. Mad.

n

”

Zacharias Pilakaden,

i,

Wadackencherry

Jahar

reh,

22. Kaity

Rev. K. Ernst,

in charge | Cat. Isaiah Shanta,

hal.

Oui-Stations :

of

station,

Training

N. Church, itin.

vy

Coonoor,

School, Orphanage

”

Lemuel Soens, Caz. Sck.

iy

Hulikal, Nerkambe,

i

Chogatore,

N

Elisa Daniel,

Rev. G. Wieland,

raining

2

Avalanche,

schools and itin.

School and Orphanage

Tuneri,

Kerehada,

shoo)

n

Nellakotta,

K. Satyahathan, Hulikal

11,

Achinakallu,

Rev. William Stokes,

and Cooly Mission

s5iot

Coonoor, itin.

Kateri, Adhikarhatti,

it

Manihatti, Hosahatti,

Asst. Cat. Isaiah Konga,

Kerehada, itin.

Horanhalli,

:’ Seh

Kullakambe, Kilar,

b

St. Muthuswami,

Tummanhatti,

Coonoor.

Dawani, Manjoor,

:Lilf’dl'

Sailas, Yedekadu,

jrop:

Denale

urch

fHi

23. Kotageri

Rev. G. Grossmann,

Rev. Jacob Kanaka,

Out-Stations -

in charge of station and

Fustor, Native Church,

Kodanad, Konakore,

igﬂ,rac

Orphanage, itin.

Schools, 12irn.

i

Jakanare, Denad,

Milidenu,

Cat. Henry Kodot, 7.

i

”

Salathiel Soens,

Kanerimukh,

tdOdL

Bergani,

Gundhada,

Denad, itin.

it

Horasole

Asst. Cat. Chr. Ajja, itirn.

it

lapﬂs

ot

(<4]

Th

e

fyi

wh

by

fes

Report.

th

— AN A

thy

giv

%N the sixth chapter of the Book of Revelation the Lord

huf

Jesus Christ is represented as sitting on a white horse,

Wa

with a crown on his head, going forth “conquering and to

£al

conquer.”

His is the kingdom, and the evangelisation of the

world is emphatically His work: the very work He has been

Ing

doing ever since His ascension to the right hand of the Father,

hay

by sending and inspiring His ambassadors to carry the

Th

gospel to those that have not yet heard it, and by opening

g

door after door to spread His kingdom among all the nations

(0]

of the earth. And wherever He comes with the message of

i)

salvation, there He conquers and is to conquer. His march

the

through the world is an uninterrupted series of victories, and

8y

the time may not be very distant, when ¢in the name of Jesus

i

every knee will bow, and every tongue confess that He is

1

the Lord, to the glory of God the Father” (Phil. 11, 10. 11).

e

But what are the weapons He makes use of to conquer

ll]g

the world? It is the simple gospel message, borne witness to

he

as the saving truth by the Holy Spirit working in the hearts

Day

of the hearers, and confirmed as such by the blessed ex-

Jih

perience of believers.

But although the Word is the chief

Wwh

means in the hands of Jesus for establishing His kingdom

thy

among mankind, yet there are other auxiliary agencies too

(L

that He avails himself of, in order to prepare both single

08g

men and ‘whole nations, for the acceptance of His yoke.

gy

19

s e

These agencies we find represented in the other three horses,

mentioned in Rev. v1. as following the white horse and signi-

fying war, famine, and death.

These terrible plagues, by

which mankind is visited from time to time, we are taught

by the Book of Revelation to look upon not only as mani-

festations of divine justice, but also as powerful agencies in

the hands of the Lord Jesus Christ for the evangelisation of

the world. All power in heaven and on earth having been

given unto Him, there is no event in the history of the world,

ord

but must, in His almighty and wise dispensation, in some

I8e,

way or other, serve to the establishment of His kingdom upon

dto

earth.

The past year will ever be memorable in the history of

the

heen

India for the dire visitations of famine and plague, which

}heri

have done such horrible havoc in vast districts of the country.

the

The provinces, in which our Mission is working, have also

ning

more or less had their share of anxiety and sufferings in

connection with these calamities.

The Southern Mahratta

1008

country more especially, although graciously preserved from

{4 of

arch

the spread of the plague, has for the last nine months been

severely suffering from dearth, from failure of the crops and

and

6518

scarcity of food and labour.

Now, if we view these calamities

in the light cast upon them by the Book of Revelation, may

Te 18

we say that they have borne some fruit in the way of prepar-

l)

quer

ing men’s hearts for the acceptance of the King of Glory? To

be sure, as far as our reports are concerned, there are no

g5 10

oats

particular signs forthcoming as yet to show, that the suffering

| e

people are prepared to “know, in this their day, the things

which belong to their peace”. On the contrary, it appears

ohief

that they have not yet “known the time of their visitation”

gdom

(Luke x1x, 42. 44).

Yet we are convinced the Lord will not

N t00

cease to visit the people of this land again and again, in

ingle

mercy and in wrath, by wind, earthquake, and fire”, and also

yoke.

3*

20

e

by «a still small voice” (1 Kings X1x, 11. 12), until He has

ha

conquered.

al

In reviewing the work of our Mission in the past year, we

b

intend to record only the chief events, such as are cha-

Wi

racteristic of the work done, or the results achieved, or the

ot

experiences gained in each of our Districts.

We feel unable

this year again to give such a comprehensive and systematic

report on each of the different branches of our work, as we

did last year, and would ask our friends kindly to keep this

§

in mind, if some branch or other should not be specially

th

mentioned in this report.

b

We begin with

Wi

k

I | Statistical Remarks.

i

1

European Workers.

We commenced the year 1896 with

al

133 European Missionaries, 75 brethren and 58 sisters, on

h:

our rolls.

Out of these 14 left our ranks within the course

of the year, but they were replaced by no less than 20 new

arrivals, so that we numbered 139 workers, viz. 82 brethren

W

and 57 sisters, at the end of the year.

Among those who

01

left us for some time to recruit their health, there are Myr. and

j

Mrs. Sikemeier of Kotageri, Mr. and Mrs. Huber of Mangalore,

Mr. and Mrs. Nibling of Honavar,

Myr. and Mrs. Berl:

a

of Bijapur, and Mr. and Mrs. Lutz of Hubli; all of these

sailed for home in the early part of the year.

They were

C

followed towards the end of the year by Mr. and Mrs.

C

Stier of Bijapur.

One brother, Mr. Nagel, late of Cannanore

f

and Vaniyankulam, severed his connection with our Mission

of his own accord.

We have also to record the removal from our midst by

death of a sister and a brother. Mrs. Brasche, late of Udipi,

b

who ever since her return to this country in December 1894,

21

e

138

had been ailing, fell asleep in the Lord on the 21st June 1896;

and Mr. Sautter of Mangalore, who by the delicate state of

e

his health was obliged to resort to Dharwar in October 1895,

14

was after a protracted illness of severe sufferings called to his

he

eternal rest on the 3rd January 1897.

In this connection

ble

Mys. Ziegler, late of Dharwar, may also be mentioned; she

flo

had gone home with her husband towards the end of 1895,

we

but the Lord hastened to take her to the heavenly home, only

his

a few months after her departure from India; she departed

Iy

this life on the 19th April 1896.

As for new arrivals we were specially glad to welcome

back among us brethren, who returned from their furlough

with new vigour and strength, to resume the work well

known to them.

The aged Mr. and Mrs. Walter returned to

their old sphere of work at Vaniyankulam in Malabar; Mr.

th

and Mrs. Grossmann, formerly labouring in South Mahratta,

on

had to take charge of Kotageri on the Nilgiri Hills, and

56

My. Benner, late of Calicut, who came out alone leaving his

wife in Germany, was appointed to Guledgudd for secular

ev

el

work. TUnusually large is the number of young missionaries

our Home Committee was able to send out to the Indian

ho

nd

Mission-field last year; there are no less than 14 young men

[

and 3 young ladies.

Out of these Messrs. Schosser, Fischer,

and Miiller were appointed to the Tulu District; Messrs.

tl?

500

Heinecken, Biichner,

Rath, E. Liithe, and Wolpert to our

e

Canarese Missions in South Mahratta, North Canara, and

Coorg respectively; and Messrs. Kiihner, Hohn, and FEidenbenz

(b

I

to our Industrial Establishments in Malabar.

Miss Bz’ckel;’é

was married to Mr. Kessler, Miss Zluhan to Mr. Boas, and

01

Miss Zahn to Mr. Mayer.

by

There are some departures and reinforcements and even

bereavements, which fall into the new year; yet we desire to

ol

)4

mention them here, in order to bring our statistical remarks

22

—

up to date. In the first three or four months of this year

the following Missionaries sailed for Europe to recruit their

e

health: Mr. and Mrs. Kehrer of Calicut; Mr.and Mrs. Sieber of

by

Mercara; Mr. and Mrs. Ritter and Mr. and Mrs, Hermelink,

0n

both of Mangalore; Mr. and Mrs. Bader of Cannanore, and

ta

last, though not least, the venerable Myr. Knobloch, late of

P

Calicut and Tellicherry.

Most of these, we trust, will be

i

able ere long to return to duty, but as to Mr. Kunobloch, we

fo

are sorry to lose his services for good. Two years ago he

f0

came out alone at the special request of our Home Committee,

du

to take charge of the Calicut Station and also of the respon-

br

sible office of Chairman of our Indian Mission.

His work

o

among us during the last two years was remarkably blessed,

and there are many among Indians and Europeans, to whom

i

he has endeared himself by the spirit of sincere love, kind-

st

ness, and wisdom, with which he discharged his duties.—On

il

the other hand our ranks were reinforced by the return in

I

the beginning of this year to their former field of labour,

to

of Mr. and Mrs. Peter of Cannanore, Mr. and Mrs. Liitze

at

of Kaity, and My. and Mrs. Schaible of Mangalore. Mr.

Ig

Weber also arrived early this year, to join the Industrial

T

and Mercantile Branch of our work at Mangalore.

L

Quite recently we were deeply grieved by three cases of

10

death occurring in our circle within the short period of one

qQ

month, two of them in the very same station, wiz. of Mys.

ch

Altenmiiller 'of Mangalore on May 10; of Mr. Hohn, a young

fo

lay-missionary, who had come out only a few months before,

-+

0y

at Palghat, on May 21; and of Mys. Erust, who had just been

transferred from Kaity to Mangalore, on June 6.*

of

al

*We take this opportunity to give expression to our sense of sincere

!

gratitude for the kind and in many cases gratuitous help received at the

8

hands of our medical friends and advisers on different stations.

They are too

th

numerous for us to specially mention all their names.

of

Mttt n s B g

23

ol

9. Native Workers. As regards our staff of native workers,

o1l

we are sorry to state that the number of our Pastors decreased

of

by one, Mr. D. Fernandez, late of Mulki, having been pensioned

k,

on account of old age. Preparatory steps, however, were

nd

taken in the course of the year to set apart for ordination as

of

Pastors three Catechists of the Tulu District and as many of

be

Malabar, all of whom are men, who for their faithful service,

e

for their spiritual ripeness and pastoral experience, appear

he

to be worthy of being entrusted with the holy and responsible

8,

duties of the ministry.

The actual ordination of these

)i

brethren does not, however, fall within the scope of this

\rk

report, as it took place in the early part of the new year.

d,

Five men were admitted to the ranks of the Catechists.

il

Three of them have passed through the regular course of in-

I

struction in our Theological Seminaries at Tellicherry and

)n

Mangalore respectively; the other two are converts from

10

heathenism,

Glad as we are because of these new admissions

Il

to the service, we feel on the other hand exceedingly grieved

%

at the serious losses our work sustained last year by death,

resignation, and suspension of some of our fellow-workers.

al

Two able and zealous Catechists, Mr. Bethuel Soens, itinerary

preacher at Puttur, South Canara, and Mr. David Subba Rao,

of

in charge of educational and pastoral work at Dharwar, were

Three Cate-

ne

quite unexpectedly called away from our midst.

/$

chists resigned the service of their own choice, and one had

When we think of

g

to be suspended for a grievous offence.

0,

our brethren, scattered, as they are, all over the country and

60

often stationed in lonely places, with their peculiar difficulties

and temptations, their trials and discouragements, we feel

specially impressed with the necessity of the Holy Ghost

10

sanctifying and spiritually strengthening them, so that they

he

themselves may be preserved from evil and also be a source

00

of blessing to others.

24

G

10t

Our staff of Christian Schoolmasters has again increased

by 21, whilst the number of schools has fallen from 139 in

€

1895 to 136 in 1896, and the total of pupils under instruction

e

EX(

has almost remained the same (7830 as against 7836). On

the other hand, there are also 6 non-christian teachers more

hay

on our list than in 1895.

These figures testify, we believe, to

i

the increased efficiency of our schools.

The majority of our

(e

Christian Schoolmasters are, of course, of the Primary or

th

Lower Socondary Grades and have been trained either in one

ful

of our Mission Training Schools or in Government institutions.

ba

Stipends in the form of loans without interest are granted to

the

promising young men, with a view to enable them to qualify

for University Examinations and serve the Mission as teachers

in one of our High Schools.

There can be no doubt as to

the valuable services Christian graduates may render to the

cause of Christ as headmasters in Mission High Schools and in

other capacities, but it is, we believe, not quite out of place

to emphasize, that, what we really need for our Mission High

Schools is not only Christian graduates well equipped with

every kind of secular knowledge, but graduates, truly con-

W

i)

verted and spiritually minded, who, in addition to their

educational qualifications, are constrained by the love of

la

Christ to count as loss things which in other respects would

i

he

be gain to them, in order to win souls for Christ. (Phil. 11, 7. 8.)

3. Numerical strength of our Church,

The ingathering of

0l

hy

souls graciously vouchsafed to us during the last year in

||

the form of baptisms of converts from heathenism, gives us

much reason for thankfulness. The number is greater than

tl

th

in any year since 1891, when the barren land of Malabar

began to turn into a fertile harvest-field.

To the 441 souls

We

admitted last year to the Church of Christ by holy baptism,

LU\

Malabar has again the privilege of contributing the greatest

number (namely 319). The other districts, however, although

(]

Lef

_25

ol

not so richly blessed as their sister, have not entirely gone

1

empty away. On the contrary we are surprised to see, and

i}

desire to state it thankfully, that all our Districts without an

h

exception have been granted the joy of witnessing some few

6

baptisms at least, and even some of those stations that for

0

many years have been under the repute of being barren

ur

(e. g. Honavar), were permitted to receive some souls into

or

the fold of the Church. Besides, the year closed very hope-

fully with 312 catechumens on our rolls.

The number of

né

1§

baptisms and catechumens is distributed over our Districts in

t0

the following order:

Baptisms.

Catechumens,

fy

Malabar

319

202

!

South Canara

62

89

0

36

he

Nilgiris

South Mahratta

14

'

1

10

)

Coorg

e

(e

Total . . 448

812

3

A comparison of the present strength of our Churches

I

with that of 1895 will show that the total of the Christian

)i

community has risen from 12331 to 13161.

The unusually

I

large increment thus gained, of 830 souls altogether, is no

of

doubt chiefly owing to the rich ingathering of souls from

Id

heathenism (441), but it is also due to excess of births among

)

our Christians over deaths, amounting to 237.

Besides, there

of

has been, as usual, a good deal of shifting among our church-

1

members, but this year the total of those who have come to

8

the different stations (1815) exceeds by 200 the number of

ol

those that have left (115),—a somewhat strange result which

al

we are not able fully to account for.*

On the other hand the

18

* Probably it is due to the fact that, in compliance with a recent order of

0,

our Home Committee, the foreign Missionaries with their families were also

b

counted among the church-members, which was not done in our former

returns.

ol

4

26

—

0

excommunications, amounting to 99, by far outnumber the

re-admissions to church-fellowship, amounting to 51.

The

I

§

greatest number of excommunications (61 in all) falls to the

South Canara District and is the consequence of a most

melancholy event, an account of which will be given in

€

chapter II.

M

IL

The District of South Canara.

1

General remarks on the condition of the Mission.

The

fi

80

general aspect and the prospects of our Mission in South

Canara have not muaterially changed from what they were

d

last year.

Although in one respect or another some slight

al

progress may be noticeable, the general features of the situ-

of

ation are the same and may be described as lack of spiritual

3

life, connected with serious defects and lamentable disorders

in some of our Churches on the one hand, and depressing

f

indolence towards the gospel among the heathen population on

the other.

Not that we have been without encouragements.

I

Instances are not wanting, which testify to the power of the

Word bringing sinners to repentance, sanctifying and streng-

Vi

{

thening the believer and comforting the mourning and the

dying; and there are not a few earnest Christians living a

consistent Christian life.

i

Nor should we like to leave un-

mentioned the good-will manifested by the Christians at

tf

d

Mangalore on the occasion of the expensive repair of our

it

spacious church in Balmatha, when they, in spite of the

o

scanty means at their disposal, contributed a sum of about

Rs. 600.

8

Yet what we have still cause to deeply lament is,

by

that peace has not yet been restored in the Mangalore Church

U

in spite of earnest attempts made in this direction. We are

il

also sorry to see that sins and offences are not unfrequently

0y

committed without being brought to light by those who know

il

a7

he

of them, and it grieves us to observe that a spirit of dis-

he

respect and worldly-mindedness is gradually taking hold of

e

some of our Christian youths.

g

9. -Secession of a number of Christians.

The most painful

i}

event, however, affecting chiefly

the stations, Mangalore,

Mulki, and Udipi, is the secession from their mother-church

of a number of dissatisfied and excommunicated Christians.

In our last 'report mention was made of some unruly Christians

at Mulki, who refused to submit to church-discipline and had there-

fore to be excommunicated, and we added, that we were exceedingly

he

These

th

sorry to say, that they had not yet repented (see page 46).

men made common cause with another Christian under church-

It

discipline, and went so far as to even try to disturb divine service

bt

at a time when the

congregation had met for the celebration

it

of the Lord’s Supper.

They were enjoined to apologize within an

al

But all the

appointed time, or they would be excommunicated.

1§

measures used to bring them to their senses were of no effect.

Now

I3

there were some other dissatisfied Christians at Gudde near Udipi,

who joined those excommunicated persons, and together with the

on

3

latter formally separated themselves from the Basel Mission, forming

e

what they called the “Free Church of South Canara”, with a

view, however, by and by to join the Church of England. Ae-

5

cordingly a petition was tendered by them to the Lord Bishop of

he

Madras, requesting His Lordship to receive them into the fold of

the Church of England. Strangely enough, they pleaded to be, with

i

their families, in a most miserable spiritual plight, as they had been

at

deprived of the means of grace for months, whilst, as a matter of

ur

fact, the majority of them had been attending our services until

he

lately, and their children also received religious instruection in our

ub

schools and churches, as usual.

His Lordship, in a spirit of sincere

benevolence and Christian comity, was kind enough to forward the

15

i

petition of these men to us for a reply, and assured us that he would

not give any encouragement to Christians of our Mission to come

16

over to the Church of England, if we had anything serious against

Iy

them, In our reply to His Lordship we felt constrained not only

1\t

4%

e

28

to give a short sketch of the secession from its #ery beginnings,

Sia

ind

frankly pointing out its utterly impure motives, but also to invite

His Lordship’s attention to the most serious consequences, which

wit

would necessarily follow, if the petition were granted.

In that

ag

case, we are afraid, not only the relations of good-will, that have

e

hitherto existed between the Church of England and our Mission,

is,

would seriously be disturbed, but there would also be the danger

des

of order and discipline being undermined in our Church, and the

jut

th

fire of never-ending dissensions and disputes would be kindled

in the very heart of Christian families and homes, which till now

pr

enjoyed the blessings of harmony and peace.

His Lordship has not

On

yet replied.

It is our earnest desire that the case may be decided

beg

in a spirit of Christian love and missionary comity.

¢la

for

3. Attitude of the heathen population in the Tulu District.

It is not surprising that owing to the unsatisfactory condition

qu

108

of our Churches in South Canara at the present time, they

)

do not exercise that attraction on the surrounding heathen

population, which, under normal circumstances, they ohght

wh

to do, and it is but a consequence of this deplorable fact,

the

that the number of baptisms in the District was very small

last year, considering the number of stations and the amount

1§ |

of labour done.

Altogether 39 adults and 23 children were

Ka

0f

baptized.

Of these 20 persons belong to Mangalore, 13 to

Mulki, 26 to Udipi, 2 to Karkal and 1 to Basrur; only

Ty

Kasaragod witnessed no baptism. Besides there were 89 cate-

pr

Cor

chumens enrolled at the end of the year, of whom 19 belong

to Mangalore, 10 to Mulki, 45 to Udipi, and 15 to Kasaragod.

Gar

The following remarks of Mr. Keppler at Udipi on the

the

attitude of the heathen population in the Tulu country to-

wards the preaching of the gospel are to the point, and hold

Jis)

good of other stations also.

He says:—

“We are obliged to state again that, as was the case for a

200

number of years, so this year also we have had more exeommuni-

¥e

cations of Christians than baptisms from among the heathen. . This

16!1;

29

e e

5

state of things presses upon our hearts like a heavy load.

It is

it

indeed very depressing, after each errand, to be compelled to return

ich

with the message: ‘Sir, the people won’t come.’

Although encour-

hat

agements are mnot altogether wanting, inasmuch as now and then

Ve

people are found ready to hear, yet, as a rule, the Word preached

o,

is, in a more or less rude manner and sometimes very maliciously,

76T

despised or scoffed at, and in many cases it is impossible for the

the

messenger of the gospel to go on with preaching.

The last fair of

the Krishna-temple at Udipi, when we had a good opportunity for

0w

preaching, will not easily be forgotten by those who attended it.

nof

On the first day when we began to preach, some Brahmin youths

led

began to bawl; stopped, whenever we stopped ; and began again to

clamour, whenever we resumed preaching.

This was continued

for several days.

On the last day of the festival we had before us

1ot

quite a mob of Brahmins, young and old, who by their continuous

100

roaring made the earth tremble.

In spite of this, we had plenty of

B

opportunities to sow the good seed, especially during the intervals,

16D

when the Brahmins took their meals.”

rht

4

Itinerancy in Basrur-Kundapur. Somewhat different from

cf,

all

that of our stations in the Tulu-District, properly spedking,

is the work carried on at Basrur-Kundapur in the north, and

0t

Kasaragod in the south. The language spoken in the District

10

0

of Basrur-Kundapur is Canarese, whilst in the Kasaragod

Taluk, in addition to Tulu and Canarese,

Malayalam is

nly

prevalent. Both of these stations have only small Christian

16

congregations, so that the Missionaries and their assistants

)0

can direct their attention and energy chiefly to work among

od

the heathen.

the

Mr. Gengnagel of Basrur thus speaks of his experience in

-

itinerancy :—

old

“In the last year we visited 21 idol-festivals, and proclaimed the

On the whole

1 &

good tidings in many houses, villages, and markets.

we did not meet so much with opposition as with indolence.

The

1l

his

longer we observe these people, the more are we impressed with the

30

L

paralysing influence Pantheism has exercised on the mind of the

50

Hindu, the educated as well as the uneducated.”

th

He also describes what took place at a Bhiita (demon)

jill

festival, visited by him with an assistant, at Maranakatte, a

fe

small village situated in the midst of a jungle 8 miles to the

it

north-east of Basrur.

fr

“This place has of late attained to some celebrity, as the demon,

8¢

supposed to reside there, is believed to possess unrivalled powers

W

both to punish and to bless.

People from various parts of

th

the neighbouring districts flock to the place.

Formerly festive

oceasions of this kind were rarely frequented by Brahmins; but now-

a-days they also are found there in good numbers.

When asked

al

to

whether they had also become Shtidras, they would reply: ‘How can

we help it? do we not live in Kaliyuga? The old gods of the Brah-

e

mins, who in ancient times displayed wonderful deeds of prowess

ar

and benignity, have forsaken us, and we are forced to look to the

)

Bhitas for help.” Thus the Brahmins, notwithstanding their Vedas,

‘

Shastras, and Purénas sink to the level of the Shtidras. During these

days we had fair opportunities of denouncing the helplessness of

i

Bhitas and proclaiming the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ as the

al

universal remedy for all our maladies.

Many a soul seemed to be

i

convinced of the uselessness and folly of Bhuta-worship, but a

resolution to quit the old and accept the new, appears to become

he

impossible because of innumerable difficulties. One would say: ‘How

can we leave our caste and join you? and another: ‘Suppose, we

th

come over to you, shall we also have to work? Some also came

forward with impudent questions, such as: “What do we get, if we

th

come? we have debts; would you clear them off?’ or ‘Is this or

a

fh

that vice also allowed in your church?’ ete., ete.”

5

Work among the Malayalees in the Kasaragod Taluk, At

[

Kasaragod Messrs. Diez and Weidner have directed their

01

attention especially to the Malayalam population in the

i

southern part of the District, and when the inhabitants of

Chantera, a village just on the frontier of South Canara and

8

Malabar, requested them to open a school there, they at once

foit R e

31

the

set to work among them, hoping to get a footing there.

In

those regions, which as yet have scarcely been touched by

modern civilisation or the gospel, there appear to be not a

O

few people longing for something better, and although they

may have very indistinct ideas about what they are to expect

from the Mission, they seem to be prompted by a dim pre-

on,

sentiment that with the entrance of the Mission a better time

er8

would dawn upon them. Especially among the toddy-drawers

of

the messengers of the gospel were received in a friendly

1ve

manner. There are some among them whose belief in idols is

O

On the other hand, it is rather melancholy

kad

already shaken.

to hear that the inhabitants of this village have of late years

can

ab

been initiated into the mysteries of Shaktism, and that by

an apostate Christian of Malabar, who used to officiate as

688

the

priest at their nightly orgies.

Should the ill-behaviour of this

45,

apostate Christian not be a stimulus powerful enough to induce

650

us without further delay to let the light of truth shine into

of

these dark regions?

But in addition to that, Chantera has

the

another strong claim on our sympathy on account of a very

he

painful accident, which happened when mission-work was

&

begun in the village during the last moonson.

me

A Christian lad of Hosadurga, who accompanied the Catechists as.

oW

their servant, one day passed through the fields quite alone, when

L

a furious she-buffalo, followed by a herd of other buffaloes grazing

me

there, attacked the boy and gored him to death, nobody being near

e

at hand to rescue him.

An influential inhabitant of Chantera had

OF

the kindness to supply a coffin, in which the corpse of the lad was

conveyed to Hosadurga. The deep grief of the bereaved aged parents

At

on seeing their son so unexpectedly and cruelly killed, may be

el

imagined!

Hhe

The request of the inhabitants of Chantera to open a

of

nd

school among them came to us like a welcome call to begin

mission-work among them, and steps were at once taken to

106

32

A R

take charge of the school and to station a Catechist there.

We

have thus been enabled to occupy a place situated just in the

midst between Kasaragod in the north and Cannanore in the

south, and so to prepare the way for the opening of a new

station, which will form, as it were, the connecting link be-

i

tween our Malabar and Canara Mission.

0

6. A new Station in the eastern part of the District.

It

is also intended to establish a new head-station at Puttur,

some thirty miles east of Mangalore.

This place is the head-

quarters of the Uppinangady Taluk, which had in 1891 a

0

population of 118,807 souls, of whom 105,494 were Hindus,

8,613 Mussulmans, 2,128 Jains, and 2,569 Roman-Catholic

al

Christiaus.

The gospel has been proclaimed in this Taluk

fl

for many years from Mangalore and other stations, especially in

connection with the famous Subrahmanya Jatra, which has

been visited almost year by year by messengers of the gospel.

§

But as the evangelistic efforts were of only an occasional

character, we have not been enabled as yet to get a firm

footing in this part of our District.

Some 8 years ago a

g

native Evangelist, Mr. Bethuel Soens, was stationed there, who

(f

with his assistants began systematically to sow the good

seed broadcast all over the hamlets and villages of the Taluk.

It was the unexpected death of this fellow-labourer that oc-

;:):

casioned us last year to urge upon our Home-Committee the

necessity of stationing a European Missionary at Puttur, in

order to strengthen the hands of our isolated native brethren

and to extend our work to the eastern parts of our District.

I

May this hitherto somewhat neglected part of our field prove

I

as fruitful as our stations on the seaside, and before long

fe

may Christian congregations be formed here and there, to the

0]

glory of the Lord Jesus!

§t

Dl

§

33

Ve

he

he

I1T, The District of Coorg.

oW

1

Conversions.

In this District, which comprises the two

he

stations Mercara and Anandapur, our brethren have been

toiling for many years, without having been privileged to

It

witness conversions from the predominant tribe of the Coorgs.

I,

The very first Coorg, who embraced Christianity, was baptized

1l

by the late Dr. Mogling some 40 years ago. Since that time

continuous efforts have been made to acquaint the Coorgs

18,

with the gospel and win them for Christ, and there were

lic

always some of them on very friendly terms with the mis-

uk

sionaries and appeared to be not far from the kingdom of God.

gl

But the attitude of the Coorg population, on the whole, to-

145

wards the gospel, has always been that of a decided and

el

haughty, though not unkind, aversion to Christianity.

It is

nal

therefore the more gratifying to hear that in the past year,

I

after a long season of patient waiting, two Coorg youths were

) &

graciously strengthened to break through the fetters of an-

cestral traditions and to confess Christ.

One of these converts

ho

od

was baptized at Anandapur in October last and has ever since

nk

proved an earnest Christian and a courageous witness for

Christ, in spite of sore trials caused by his relations in connec-

00

the

tion with his ancestral property. The story of the other youth,

10

who was converted at Mercara, is rather melancholy :—

rep

In order to give the young convert an opportunity of seeing a

.

large congregation and to strengthen him spiritually, Mr. Schenkel of

076

Mercara sent him to Mangalore to attend the annual Missionary

festival and then to join our Middle School at Udipi. A few days later

:)nff

the

on, when the students of our Theological Seminary at Mangalore

started on a preaching tour, he accompanied them. He was evidently

pleased with the sympathy he met with everywhere, and the new

spiritual air he breathed in the company of his Christian friends.

5

34

——

But alas! one day when he with his companions went bathing in a

by

i

river, he suddenly disappeared and, before anybody else became

aware of the danger, was drowned in the river. We are exceedingly

un

¢

sorry that this hopeful Coorg convert should have died in this way;

but are comforted by the truth that the thoughts of the Lord are

ou

thoughts of peace and not of evil, and we believe that the lamentable

th

death of this youth also will bear some fruit of blessing for his still

th

benighted: country.

At any rate, let the grave of the Coorg youth

of

in the soil of the Tula country ever remind the Tulu Christians of

th

their obligations towards the Coorg country!

di

fny

2. Preaching among the heathen was carried on from Mer-

cara and Anandapur in the same way as hitherto.

From

10

(o

Mercara the weekly markets held at different centres were

al

regularly visited. Many tracts and Bible-portions were also

sold, but as Myr. Schenkel says:—

at

th

“Hearers of the word are not wanting, but sincere enquirers

after truth.

fe

Indolence and worldly-mindedness are everywhere

(9

met with and drunkenness is increasing among all classes of the

th

population in a most fearful degree.”

N

Mr. Fischer of Anandapur, on the other hand, reports on

he

the quickening influence the conversion of the above mentioned

i

Coorg has exercised on his countrymen, which makes itself

al

observable by great numbers of attentive hearers surrounding

‘A

the preachers of the gospel, whenever the convert is with

I

them. The former indolence has given way to a lively in-

n;

thy

terest in the word preached, and even discussions which now

occur' more frequently than formerly, add life and zest to our

Wl

work. The following incident related by Mr. Fischer proves

I‘e]

fr

the steady, though secret, influence of the gospel, by gradually

moulding the religious notions of non-christians:—

1§

“When preaching in the bazaar at Virajpet, a Coorg came for-

ward with the assertion that caste was originated by God. We began

to enlighten him on the origin and merit of caste, when an unknown

individual among the audience took up the thread of our argument

—_—

35

1 &

by pointing to the injustice and impropriety of a father making

il

distinetions between his children, urging that it would equally be

oly

unbecoming of the Creator to foster prejudice and preference among

dl

men

We did not interrupt him as he dexterously championed

are

our cause, and also because we had finished our preaching. When

ble

the Coorg did not seem convinced by his opponent’s argumentation,

fill

the latter gave two illustrations, namely: ‘Suppose you take the leg

ith

of a horse, a bullock, a sheep and a goat and promiscuously put

a(]f

them together, you will easily be able to distinguish between the

different legs; whereas if you take the leg of a Brahmin, a Ksha-

triya, a Vaishya, and a Shudra, and bring them together, you will

or-

not be able to recognize the Brahmin’s leg from that of the Shudra.

om

pre

Consequently easte’ distinction exists only among beasts, but not

among men.

Then again, take the jack fruit tree that yields fruit

Is0

at the lower parts of the stem as well as on the branches, and mix

them; it would be a difficult task to point out on which part of the

grs

tree they have grown.

Consequently, if the legend of the origin of

ore

caste, according to which the Brahmin sprang from Brahma’s head,

the

the Kshatriya from his shoulders, the Vaishya from his loins, and the

Shudra from his feet, were true at all, all of them would be brothers,

0n

because they are children of one father’.

The Coorg saw himself

ped

defeated, and looking .at his opponent, who wore the sacred thread

solf

and the sectarian mark on his forehead, said with astonishment:

‘Are you not a Brahmin?’, whereupon the latter replied, that had

ing

nothing to do with the question at issue; as he wanted to get infor-

ith

mation on the merit of caste, it was immaterial to receive it from

10

the lips of a Padre or of a Brahmin.

The Coorg then asked me,

10w

whether I had paid the Brahmin for his advocacy, whereupon I

oul

replied that I had never seen the man before.

He then exclaimed

765

trembling with excitement: ‘If Brahmins talk like that, the time

297

°

lly

is surely not very distant when all will be one caste

3. Extension of work., We have succeeded in purchasing

for-

a compound at Fraserpet, and a catechist has since been

Al

stationed there.

Wi

yont

2

*

36

Jild

IVI

The South Mahratta District.

ab

1

Difficulties and trials.

The past year has been a season

First of

of most serious difficulty and trial to this District.

the

all, a good deal of sickness prevailed on almost all our

10

0w

stations.

At Bettigeri small-pox, dysentery, cholera, and

fever followed each other.

No less than 9 church-members

ol

m

died of cholera within 6 days in the month of May, and

again 11 persons within 3 weeks in the month of August.

Sometimes two persons had to be buried on a single day.

i

()

At Dharwar and Hubli a fever-epidemic set in shortly after

Ch

the monsoon, so much so that scarcely a Christian house re-

W

mained untouched by the disease, and Mr. Warth of Hubli

fin

does not remember having ever witnessed such a time of trial

of

within the last 20 years.

The Orphanages at Dharwar and

e

Bettigeri had also to bear their share of sickness in con-

fo

nection with the general calamity and sometimes appeared

as though they had been changed into hospitals; from

15 to 20 girls were at one time laid up fever-stricken at

liy

Dharwar.

Thanks be to God that this trying time passed

o

away, but alas! it was followed by a still more trying and

laf

We need not here dwell on the different

general calamity.

ol

causes of the famine, under the awful ravages of which the

B!

56

Southern Mahratta country has been suffering for the last

8 or 9 months.

It is generally known that the famine rose

thy

from insufficient rain during the last monsoon and the conse-

fa

th

quent failure of crops in vast tracts of the district, which

Wl

caused an enormous rise in the price of all food grains. The

As

general stagnation of traffic, consequent on the plague in

Bombay, increased the distress.

Of our mission-stations

fi

8

Bettigeri and Guledgudd are those that have most severely

been suffering from the calamity, and among our Christians

805

the poor ryots, weavers, and day-labourers are in the greatest

of

37

R S S

need.

The following is from a report of Mr.

Waidelich

at Bettigeri:—

ol

“Qur Christian day-labourers were in great distress, because

of

they could find searcely any work, and our weavers because they could

Il

no more dispose of their goods, and as they had no capital of their

nd

own to buy silk and cotton with, and no opportunity of being

e1s

employed as cooly-weavers, they were suddenly cut off from every

means of subsistence.

The difficulties of our ryots were at once of

ind

a twofold nature. As their fields were an expense to them without

15t

yielding any produee, they were from the very beginning of the

B

calamity compelled to support themselves by going into debt. Those

fer

Christian weavers who were employed by non-christian masters,

1€

were very badly off; as a matter of course, they were among the

bl

first to be dismissed.

Thus it happened that, from the very outset

1ol

of the famine, most of our day-labourers and a good number of our

nd

weavers became destitute of all the means of livelihood and applied

0D

to the Mission for help.”

red

My. Eisfelder of Guledgudd reports the following:—

om

“Qur poor Christians were put to the greatest difficulties for their

at

livelihood on acecount of the famine, and the difficulties are likely

sed

to continue for some time longer.

As the earlier as well as the

nd

latter rains either failed entirely, or did not fall in due time, it was

either a sheer impossibility to sow at all, or if the seed sown had

ent

the

sprung up, it soon withered away.

So our ryots were compelled to

sell their cattle and forsake hearth and home, to earn something for

Jast

the maintenance of themselves and their families.

Considering the

1036

fact that the price of corn has risen by 150 to 200 per cent, and that

56

the present wages are considerably reduced, it may be imagined in

jich

what a wretched state many of our people are now forced tolive.

The

As a matter of fact, had our Christian ryots not been accustomed

11

from their youth up to live in a very economical way and to be

S

satisfied with the minimum of the necessaries of life, they would now

searcely be able to exist.”

ely

305

In view of the extreme misery and distress the majority

test

of our Christians were reduced to, especially at Guledgudd

mE R

38

ab

and Bettigeri, we resolved to open special relief-works for

i

them and were happily enabled to do so by special col-

lections made for the purpose among our friends in Germany.

501

Be

By a very fortunate concurrence of circumstances it happened

also that, just at this exigency, a new mission-house had to

il

be built at Guledgudd, so that many of our starving Christ-

far

th

ians could usefully be employed there.

The indigent Christ-

1ans at Bettigeri and Hubli were in a similar way provided

(l

with work and daily bread.

Arrangements have also been

il

made by our Mercantile Mission-Branch at Mangalore to aid

our Christian weavers, by kindly undertaking to buy from

il

al

them their productions and sell them eventually at market

prices. Mr. Fisfelder at Guledgudd has also received consider-

L)

il

able sums from the Iudian Charitable Famine Relief Fund for

distribution among the suffering population of Guledgudd

1

fof

and its environs.

0

2. General Attitude of the heathen population.

Twenty

th

years ago, when the Southern Mahratta country was visited

T

by the same calamity, our Mission was privileged to gather

ab

in a rich harvest of souls ready to break with idolatry and

1§

caste and to accept the yoke of Christ.

Many of these have

W

proved insincere and returned to heathenism; others, although

4l

th

members of our Church up to this day, have been to their

pastors a cause of much grief; but a good number of them

W

have remained steadfast and given us cause for joy and

Yo

thanksgiving.

On the whole, it may be safely said, that an

18

abiding blessing to our Church has resulted from the last

to

famine.

n

At this moment we are, of course, not yet able to

gauge the result of the present famine, but there is no doubt

that in one respect it presents an aspect quite different from

0r

that of 20 years ago.

Whilst then multitudes of enquirers

§0

flocked to

the

missionaries,

applying _for

help

and

declaring their readiness to embrace Christianity, there are

th

R

39

or

at present almost no ‘enquirers who have asked for and

!

received admission, on account of the famine; and although

J

some few conversions occurred last year at Guledgudd and

od

Bettigeri, they appear to have had no particular connection

to

with the present calamity. Whatever the after-results of the

s

famine may be, the attitude of the heathen population, at

st

the present stage at least, is on the whole as adverse to

ed

Christianity as ever. Mr. Warth gives the following descrip-

el

tion of his experience of bazaar-preaching at Hubli:—

id

“We have sometimes very attentive hearers and observed on

Jil

more than one occasion that the word preached was well understood

6f

and appreciated by some few, who even gave expression to their

conviction in a touching manner.

But on the other hand there are

T

many who without restraint would give vent to their anger and

0r

Id

indignation, whenever they heard the name of Jesus. Oh! the heavy

fetters these blinded people are enchained with,—sensuality and

caste, Vedantism, self-righteousness, and priesteraft! and when will

ty

their captivity be turned ? One would imagine that the present famine

ed

would have melted their hardened‘ hearts and made them feel miser-

[}

able and long after salvation; but, as a matter of fact, the very

nd

reverse is the case.

Instead of finding fault with themselves, they

\[%

would rather blame God, and for some time were so eagerly

absorbed in cares for their livelihood, that they turned a deaf ear to

i)

i

the preaching of the gospel.

Once when we began to preach, we

were interrupted by the reproachful question: ‘What is the use of

Il

your preaching now, since corn has become so dear?’, and when we

nd

replied that the present famine was a divine visitation ealling them

1

to repentance, they professed to be most religious and righteous

16

men who had not deserved such a severe punishment.”

{0

Myr. Waidelich of Bettigeri reports the following incident

bt

)i

on a preaching tour to Navalgund, a town situated to the

south-east of Bettigeri:—

B}

“On the first day of our arrival we betook ourselves as usual to

yd

the bazaar for preaching. Being the chief bazaar-day of the week,

10

AT IR

40

we had collected in a few minutes a large audience.

At the outset

everything went on smoothly; but scarely had the first preacher

finished his address, when a terrible storm of indignation broke out.

L

We could not do anything else but arm ourselves with patience,

(

until the excitement had suobsided.

Then a young Brahmin

(0

stepped forward and argued about the birth of Christ in an indecent

manner.

0C

When I positively told him that such obscene talk did

¥

not deserve any notice, the erowd commenced bawling as if the

a

powers of darkness had been let loose, and any further attempt to

continue the preaching proved futile.

During the following days

§

V.

we met with the same opposition; for no sooner did we make our

appearance, than the same hubbub was raised by school-boys and

al

the rabble of the place, so that we were literally compelled to aban-

ty

don the idea of preaching in the bazaar.

The inhabitants of Naval-

gund are notorious for their conceit and haughtiness, which may be

1

partly taken as an explanation of their hostility to the gospel, but

il

the whole secret lies, in my opinion, in the existence of many houses

fo

of ill-fame at the place, which greatly hinders all spiritual influences.”

One of our native Pastors, Mr. S. Devada at Hubli, himself

ali

a convert from Hinduism, makes the somewhat startling ob-

tt

servation that Vedantism is at present spreading rapidly

T

h

among the population of the Southern Mahratta country, and

finds in this fact an explanation of the hostility of a large

1l

number towards Christianity and of the almost insurmount-

I

able hinderances in the way of the gospel taking hold of the

Hindu mind.

We think this observation deserves careful

fr

consideration in missionary circles.

As yet, very little has

h

been done, at least in Canarese Christian literature, to

)

take up the fight with this great enemy of Christianity, by

I

publishing special tracts exposing the fallacies of this false

and pernicious philosophy.

¢

On the other hand it is remarkable

3. Encouragements.

that, notwithstanding the ill-feeling exhibited by inhabitants of

T

towns like Dharwar, Hubli, and Gadag, encouraging signs

dl

R

41

30

may be noticed here and there and espeoiaﬂy among the rural

61

population, testifying to the spread of the gospel and its ap-

preciation by not a few. The missionaries and their assistants

b

consider itinerancy to be one of the most refreshing and en-

1]

couraging labours, and they do so not because of numerous

nt

lid

conversions actually occurring on their tours,—for these are

very rare at present—but because of the unfeigned sympathy

he

and assent their preaching

meets with in many cases.

{0

\}S

Sometimes they are greatly astonished to find an acquaintance

with the Bible, they would not have expected to meet with

ur

nd

amongst non-christians.

My. Waidelich relates the following

two incidents that came under his observation :—

1

l

“On one of my preaching tours in June last, when I was reading

be

in my lodgings, I saw a decently clad man come up to me, and was

b

not a little surprised, when the man, after our mutual salutations,

68

"

took a Bible from beneath his arm and asked me for the explanation

of several passages unintelligible to him.

Still greater was my

of

astonishment when Iobserved the remarkable knowledge of Seripture

that he had.

He knew many passages of both the Old and the New

b

Testaments thoroughly ; many of them he could quote verbatim, and

ly

And how correct were

d

he knew also where they are to be found.

in most cases his interpretations! He was as well versed in the chief

0p

Christian doctrines, such as the atonement, justification, the resur-

1t

rection, ete., as though he were born a Christian.

he

“ At another time a man came to me who had purchased tracts

il

from me the year before.

‘When asked whether he had read them,

a8

he confessed, that he had originally bought them with the object

f0

of finding out errors in the Christian religion, but by reading them

had come to the conviction that they contained truth, and that he

by

56

was now desirous of more books to get more information about the

Christian religion.”

It is very encouraging to hear that during the last year

¢

7562 religious tracts and books, 8 Bibles, 18 New Testaments,

of

Myr. Warth

ns

and 502 Scripture-portions were sold at Hubli.

6

42

e Ay

reports that a certain Hindu requested him to exchange his

§

copy of the New Testament for another one in larger type,

f

f

and that he had, in examining the book, found many traces

of frequent use.

Myr. Lutz of Hubli relates the following

¥

touching incident:—

“When we were on a preaching tour, a young lad came to us

with the express desire of purchasing the Heart-book.

He was

sent by a man, who had heard of our coming to the neighbourhood;

but being himself laid up with sickness, he despatched this lad to

g

buy the book at any cost.”

4. Preaching in the Honavar Distriet (North Canara).

We

1l

turn now to the Honavar District, which, though for admini-

strative purposes connected with our South Mahratta Mission

District, forms a field of itself with its own peculiarities.

In

this vast tract of land, stretching from Bhatkal in the south

f

to Karwar in the north, and again as far as Sircy in the east,

we have at present only one missionary stationed at Honavar

with 4 assistants, two of whom are stationed at Karwar.

There are in the whole District only two Christian congre-

gations, and they are very small, the majority of the church-

é

members belonging either to the families of the mission-

workers or being immigrants from the Tulu District.

After

Ig)

many years of hard labour the missionary had the joy of

baptizing 3 non-christians, a poor woman with two children,

who now earns her daily bread honestly with one of our

S

Christian weavers at Honavar. Mr. Singer, who is in charge

of the station, has with his assistants been travelling all over

the District, offering the word of life to all classes of the

population.

The following report of Cat. D. Santvana will

|

f

give an idea of the experiences met with in preaching to the

heathen in this District :—

“The Haviga Brahmins and the Konkanis are,A as a rule, very

f

reluctant to listen to God’s message and seem wholly absorbed in

their worldly occupations, but at a village near Honavar we were

§

.

e iEn

43

surprised to find that they listened attentively and purchased some

'y

tracts.

We read to them a passage on Death’s horrors from a

tract, when one of them remarked that 2 pies for such a book was

4

very little, even Rs. 200 would not be too much.

“The goldsmiths’ caste occupies at present a peculiar position.

Formerly their héritage was ignorance, poverty, and submission to

5

Brahmins, whereas now they have not only socially improved, but have

i

emancipated themselves from their spiritual guides and instituted

a priesthood of their own, to officiate at festivities and ceremonies.

0

This independence has roused the Brahmin’s displeasure and

inauguarated a rigorous mode of persecution, and by their influence

even the Shudras begin to look upon them as Holeyas. Under these

depressing circumstances they appear to be more inclined than for-

merly to accept the glad tidings.

“A certain man of the Sheregar caste evinced unusual interest in

h

the gospel and visited us at our halting place to get still more infor-

)

mation. Similarly another man of the musicians’ easte, who welcom-

by

ed us with unfeigned joy, eame to our quarters to hear still more

about the plan of salvation, although he possesses a fair knowledge

of the Scriptures. On many occasions this unpretentious man stopped

the mouth of silly and ignorant babblers by his common-sense expla-

nations; once when one of the audience said: ‘It is not we who sin,

but God incites the dormant faculties in us to sin,

he replied:

)|

“You are indeed very wise; do you not believe in the existence of

of

heaven and hell? how could then God fling his punishments against

,

defaulters, if he himself is the cause of sin?’ On hearing about the

I

passion of Christ he exclaimed: ‘Alas! that I am tied to my family!

6

if it were not for this impediment, to-day I would have become a

o

Christian,

How often have I explained the truth to my people! but

16

they are too dull to grasp it; and yet how can I, a single man,

forsake my family altogether!’

1l

16

“In our preaching we do not overlook the claims of the Holeyas

either.

But even with them we find a good deal of conceit and

touchiness regarding caste.

A Holeya told me with a deep sense of

i

i

his superiority, placing his hand upon his breast: ‘Judge for your-

16

self, whether we can leave our caste and come over to yoa.’

6*

44

VY. The District of Malabar.,

1

Conversions.

Whilst in our other mission-districts

conversions from heathenism are at present ¢only few and far

between’, our Mission in Malabar has again been blessed, as

in the last 5 or 6 years, with a very rich harvest.

Altogether

319 souls were added to the Church by baptism, and 202

catechumens were under instruction at the end of the year.

It is especially encouraging to observe, that all our stations,

in the south as well as in the north, and in the east as well

as in the west, equally participate in this gracious blessing.

This fact goes to show that the present spiritual movement

among the heathen population of Malabar is not a partial one,

but is spread all over the whole District.

The converts belong

to different castes and occupations, and although the poor

and despised are represented among them in a large propor-

tion, persons are not wanting, who by. their origin, position,

and character, commanded the respect of their countrymen

before their conversion. Another feature deserving of mention,

is that a considerable proportion of the converts on each

station have for years been permanent residents of the place

or its neighbourhood, and only a limited number of them

have come from more distant regions. This circumstance is of

vital importance, not only on account of the facilities afforded

thereby of gaining trustworthy information respecting the

antecedents of the applicants and of testing their sincerity, but

also because it is a powerful and at the same time the only

natural means for the Christian Church to lose the exotic

character it very often presents now-a-days to the surrounding

heathen, and to become naturalized among the peoples of India.

The motives, which actuated these enquirers, are of different

kinds and may vary in each individual case according to the

character, the peculiar condition, and the spiritual under-

45

e

standing of the person concerned.

It cannot be denied, nox

is it surprising, that in a movement like this taking hold of

wide circles, many would come with very indistinct ideas

about Christianity and its blessings; they are, as it were,

carried away with the general current of a feeling of dissatis-

faction with the present state of things and of aspirations after

something better than Hinduism with its idolatry and social

customs can afford. There are many, and especially among

the poor and down-trodden, who may have at first expected

)y

|

that all their miseries would be put. an end to by their

embracing Christianity. But it should not be forgotten that

many of the evils, these people are suffering from, are in

i

fact the direct fruit of heathenism, and that they are fully

4

justified in expecting tq find a remedy for these in the Church

of Christ.

It is often not easy to decide, whether people of

)

this kind should be accepted or refused. There are, of course,

cases in which the worldly-mindedness of an enquirer is so

by

conspicuous and so unblushingly pronounced, that there can

be no doubt about his unworthiness.

But in many other cases

by

it is almost impossible at once to say whether the motive

underlying one’s desire to be admitted as an enquirer, is on

)e

To refuse

the side of the temporal rather than the spiritual.

admission to such persons would in many cases be hardly

of

short of an act of recklessness and cruelty, compelling them

d

16

to live a life of extreme misery or to become victims to

Mahommedanism. The safest and, as we believe, the most

1

Christ-like way in such cases is to have compassion on the

j

10

poor,—poor both materially and spiritually,—by giving them

a trial, and doing one’s best by careful instruction to rouse

9

the dormant spiritual faculties in them, and to gradually raise

them from their low level up to an understanding of the

it

spiritual truths of Christianity. As a matter of experience,

9

the patient work of love thus spent on enquirers, has in

Ll

46

many cases proved succesful, and by the grace of God made

them good Christians.

We desire now to give a short survey of the conversions

as they occurred at each station.

At Cannanore 38 persons were admitted into the Church, 20 of

whom were residents of Cannanore-town.

There was among them a

respectable native physician, whose relatives, it is hoped, will follow

him by and by.

Another person, an old man of 69 years of age,

some

of whose relatives and children had previously joined

the Church, made up his mind at last to follow their example; but,

as he himself confessed to his pastor, at that time his heart was still

full of disbelief, and he had come merely for outward reasons.

During the time he received baptismal instruction, however, he had

a dream one night and saw a glorious majestic vision of light come

up to him and say: “I have taken thee from the dung-hill, I have

received thee.”

From that time he joyfully took hold of the salva-

tlon as it is in Jesus Christ.

Thus the Lord may in special cases

condescend to the poor understanding of a heathen, in order to bring

the saving truth home to his mind.

At Tellicherry, out of 40 enquirers 13 'only were selected for

baptism; 15 proved to be “like to the chaff which the wind driveth

away’’; 14 were still under instruction at the end of the year.

One of these new converts, desirous of proclaiming among his hea-

then countrymen the grace of Christ, as realized by himself, has

since been admitted to the Theological Seminary at Nettur.

At Chombala 92 persons were enrolled as catechumens, out of

whom 52 were baptized after careful instruetion; 20 were put back

for a further time of probation; some five, succumbing to the entrea-

ties of their relatives, returned to heathenism; 3 were cunningly

enticed away.

With the exception of some orphans sent from other

stations, all the enquirers have come from places in the neighbour-

hood of Chombala.

Some of them belong to well-to-do families and

have embraced Christianity from a genuine desire for salvation.

Many have been actuated by a rather indistinet longing after some-

thing better than heathenism can afford them.

On the whole, they

e

47

le

have all had the call of Christ to follow him brought home to them

on previous oeeasions.

IN

At Calicut altogether 121 persons applied for admission.

It

was refreshing to observe, how month after month new enquirers

came with the same request: in January 20, in February 9, in

of

March 7, in April 10, in May 9, in June 10, in July 15, ete.

Some of

them disappointed the expectations cherished regarding them, and

W

relapsed into heathenism.

On Christmas-day 83 persons received

b

od

baptism,

This is the largest number of persons ever baptized

on one day at this station,

Mr. Knobloch observes that the number

i,

of baptisms within the last 7 years is equal to that of the 21

il

previous years (340 against 334). Among the baptized 32 are

18

inhabitants of Calicut-town; 30 were sent to Calicut from Vaniyan-

i

kulam; the remainder came from more or less distant places.

16

There were 13 young men among them able to read, which greatly

7e

helped them to derive the full benefit of the instruction received.

On the whole, the catechumens gave their instruetors much reason

h)

for joy by their attention and good-will, and when examined before

g

the Presbytery previous to their baptism, many of them proved to

o

have attained a creditable knoyvledge of the way of salvation.

At Codacal 52 heathen were baptized, and 2 Roman and 19

th

Syrian Christians were admitted into the Church.

I

ti}

At Vaniyankulam altogether 63 enquirers were enrolled ; of these

as

29 had to be sent to Calicut and 22 to Palghat to get a livelihood

11 only received baptism at the station.

There is among them a

of

blacksmith of Angadipuram, who, an able and generally respected

artisan, employed 5 or 6 hands in his trade.

On his conversion he

ok

had to encounter severe hostilities on the part of his heathen rela-

fh

He was

[y

tives, and for some time even his life was threatened.

therefore taken to Vaniyankulam, where he with his wife received

el

regular instruction, and was baptized on Christmas-day.

A few

I}

1

days afterwards he returned to Angadipuram to resume his trade.

His courage appears to have inspired even his former enemies with

respect for him, so that he is now able to carry on his trade as

formerly.

6y

48

———

At Palghat Whit-Sunday and Christmas-day were two festive

T

occasions, on which altogether 56 souls were added to the Church

while 8 persons were baptized in the out-station Wadackencherry,

and it is hoped that some more will follow during the ensuing year

An apostate Christian also, who has for the last 15 years lived

1

among the heathen, returned with his whole family, numbering 18

members, all of whom have grown up in heathenism, to join —may it

be permanently !—the Church of Christ

2

Difficulties and trials in connection with conversions

Great as the joy occasioned by these numerous conversions

was and still is, the care for these people, many of whom

have forsaken hearth and home and are thus deprived of all

means of subsistence, and the necessity of providing them with

i

suitable occupations form & sequel less agreeable and a source

of much anxiety and trouble to the missionary

Even 1n

stations with extensive establishments affording opportunities

of different kinds of work for many, this difficulty is, although

considerably reduced, not removed entirely

But in sta-

tions with no such opportunities, the care for the temporal

needs of new converts, especially when they are so numerous

is a burden almost too heavy to be borne

As an expedient

enquirers are sometimes sent from one station to another with

better prospects for them to earn their daily bread; but this

course also is beset with peculiar difficulties and has in several

cases proved a failure

The following remarks of the ex-

perienced My. Walter at Vaniyankulam (from which station

a good number of enquirers were sent to Calicut and Palghat

respectively) are worth considering:—

“The conversions of the past year go to show that our station is

a very hopeful field

They would have, no doubt, been even more

numerous, if we had not been compelled to send the majority of our

enquirers to other stations to gain their livelihood

It is not easy

for these people to leave their native soil and earn their bread in a

foreign place

Our people at Calicut and Vaniyankulam repeatedly

e

49

7e

requested me with tears, to help them to return to Vaniyankulam,

b;

This state is very depressing for us, and we should be glad to see a

v,

way out of the difficulty. There is, e. g., a heathen family in a

1

neighbouring village, who earnestly contemplated embracing Christ-

ed

ianity, but abandoned the thought, because we were not able to

18

help them in a suitable manner.

These people are agriculturists,

i

and their landlord threatened to expel them from his lands, if they

were to become Christians.”

1§

Mr. Weismann of Chombala also made repeated attempts

JIN

to induce heathen landlords to allow converts to remain in

il

their rented houses and compounds, but again and again his

all

«For those who

entreaties met with the depressing retort:

th

forsake their ancestral caste and customs, we have neither

66

houses nor gardens.” Enquirers, who had previously intimated

1n

their intention to the missionary, were encouraged by all

168

means not to leave their present homes, but rather try by

oh

love and patience to overcome the anger and severity of their

ta

landlords.

gl

Another kind of difficulty experienced in connection with

1§,

conversions, is described by Mr. Weismann in the following

manner .—

it

th

“Though our converts did not come from the wise, the mighty,

and the noble after the flesh, they were nevertheless taken notice of

his

by the world, when they fled from the “city of wrath’”. Their

ol

relatives exhibited deadly hatred and did not even shrink from

%

employing eunning and violence to accomplish their purposes.

o

A young man of Mahé, who with his legally-married wife sought

ok

admission into our congregation, was falsely accused by his father-

Arrested and

in-law of having kidnapped his minor daughter.

15

escorted to Mahé for trial before the French Governor, the young

)16

woman not only proved beyond doubt the legality of her marriage,

ik

bat also made a frank confession of her resolution to become a

Christian,

5y

The Governor sent the couple back to Chombala under

)

a police-guard, and when marching through Mahé, the woman was

lly

applauded by her old friends for her heroism.

P R

50

One day a youth, who had deserted his irritable uncle, met not

very far from the Chombala hill, an enraged multitude just returning

from an unsuccessful attempt to entice one of their relatives back

into heathenism.

The young man had never witnessed such an

E

uproarious crowd, and on inquiry as to the cause of their grievance

they furnished him with the necessary particulars to find out the

f

direction for his flight.

Some minutes after he stood in front of

the mission-house with the request: ‘Teach me also the true faith’.

This was a severe blow to heathenism, which was not received

quietly, but aroused the indignation of the youth’s relatives.

They

tried all possible means to earry him off again as a trophy, and

spies were posted to watch his movements. One day in an ungunard-

;

ed hour he was suddenly assaulted, dragged off, and incarcerated

for several days.

He managed, however, to escape, and on Easter-

Sunday he was found among the worshippers at church, as an

answer to the prayers of many Christians.

3 other enquirers, who

were suddenly removed by violence, have not yet made their appear-

The

ance, and we do not even know what has become of them.

child of a poor widow was stealthily enticed away by sweet-meats,

while at play in the mission-compound, and has not yet been

recovered.

On a Sunday an excited band of some 40 men forced their way

into the mission-compound, dashed against the door of a room of

our Gtirls’ Orphanage, where a woman was staying who had intimat-

ed her intention of joining the Christian Chureh, rushed in, seized

her, and hurried off. The Christians in the neighbourhood, roused

up by the excitement, came to the rescue of the helpless woman,

but were encountered with drawn knives. The Christians requested

us afterwards to lodge a complaint against the housebreakers, in

order to prevent similar disturbances.

We did so, but with little

success. The offenders were cowardly enough to deny the whole

occurrence, stating on oath that on that day they had not been at

Chombala at all, and the judge deemed the defendants’ evidence

sufficient for an acquittal.

Thus our Christians were taught the

lesson in suck matters not to rely upon the arm of human justice,

but on the never-failing arm of the Almighty.”

51

Sloloo D

0f

3

Condition of the Churches.

Several stations and con-

10

gregations of this District had to pass through deep waters

k

of tribulation during the past year. Our Christians at Codacal

n

had for some time been exposed to the greatest danger, because

00

the Mopla insurrection in February 1896 threatened to spread

10

of

to these solitary regions also.

The indignation of the Moham-

medans in the neighbourhood was kindled by some converts,

d

who had apostatised to Mohammedanism, re-embracing Chris-

)]

tianity, and it was rumoured that the insurgents would come

d

from Malapuram, their head-quarters (which is some 20 miles

distant from Codacal), to take cruel vengeance upon the

apostates and the Christians in general at Codacal.

Govern-

d

ment having been apprised of the imminent danger, a number

of well-armed policemen were posted at Codacal to keep order.

[}

The Christians were greatly alarmed and for some days scarcely

dared leave their houses for fear, but after all they were

graciously preserved from an outbreak of Mohammedan

)

fanaticism.

This station as well as Palghat, Calicut, and

others, was visited by severe epidemics of fever and cholera.

The death-rate was urusually high. At Calicut 44 Christians

died, and the congregation now contains 133 widows, many

of whom are young women.

At Palghat 29 cases of death

were registered (against 8 in 1895); cholera made its appear-

ance twice during the year, and some Christians also fell

victims to the epidemic.

Our Churches in Malabar having grown of late years

rather rapidly through many conversions from heathenism,

g

it cannot be denied that there is a danger of sins and vices,

such as are generally in vogue among the heathen, creeping

into the Christian congregations and gradually lowering the

spiritual life of the Church. Careful oversight and the utmost

vigilance is needed on the part of pastors to train the new

converts to Christian habits and to raise them to a higher

7%

52

el

standard of spiritual understanding. Serious sins have come

to light in several congregations among new and old Christians

il

At

and called forth the application of church-discipline.

(r

Cannanore 6 persons were excommunicated on account of

10

habitual drunkenness, impurity, sorcery, and other sins.

At

Ii

Calicut a man is reported to have had recourse to witch-

I

craft, and at Codacal no less than 18 persons had to be disci-

§f

plined on account of various offences.

The earnest among

the older church-members are well aware of the serious

I

danger the Church is exposed to, if sins and vices are suffered

to go on unrebuked and defaulters not taken to task as

P

they deserve.

At Cannanore some Christians gave expres-

€]

b

sion to their feeling of satisfaction at the vigorous measures

taken against habitual drunkards.

At Calicut private prayer-

J{

meetings have been arranged by some Christians to rouse

D

and promote the spiritual life of their brethren.

There

is a Young Men’s

Christian Association, which has been

a source of blessing to many a youth; indifferent young men

who had hitherto kept aloof, were stirred up and joined the

]

i

association.

With a view to promote the spiritual life of the

Church, the Tamil Evangelist Mr. David was at the request

I

of the Presbytery invited to conduct gospel-meetings at

Calicut.

His addresses proved very helpful to many by

rousing them to greater earnestness, and although none of

the truths he proclaimed can be said to have been new

g

to our people, the charm of novelty and the peculiar mode

of his

preaching made a deep impression even on the

indifferent.

He delivered also an English lecture to the

Hindu students of our High School, heartily inviting them to

t

come to Jesus, the Saviour of sinners.

While thankfully

acknowledging the rich blessings received by the Church

e¢

from the addresses of this anointed preacher, Mr. Kuobloch

observes the following :—

53

et

6

“Revival meetings like these very much resemble galvanic shoeks

15

and the need for them is rather a symptom indicating some defect

It

or disease in the body of the Church. Properly speaking, under

of

normal cireumstances, they should not be needed to keep the religious

life alert.

\

On the other hand, the appearance among us of this

Tamil Evangelist has ereated in us the ardent desire, that men of his

stamp may be raised from our midst to minister unto our Churches

with their rich measure of spiritual gifts.”

g

1§

The unusual growth of our Malabar Mission has in other

i

respects also imposed on us new tasks and placed before us new

problems, the solution of which will occupy our attention and

8

energies in years to come. The church at Nettur (Tellicherry)

08

had to be enlarged, as the accommodation in the former

rooms was no longer sufficient for the increased numbers of

persons attending divine service.

Part of the expenditure

{7

was liberally provided by the members of the Church.

At

[0

Palghat also the erection of a place of worship has been

)i

necessitated for the benefit of the new Christian village

)i

Melparambu, as the distance of that place from our church

10

in Palghat-town caused a good deal of inconvenience and

16

difficulty ; the attendance at church has since considerably

gf

improved.

There are some more stations and out-stations

it

sorely needing new or enlarged places of worship.

These

I

and other similar wants of our growing Churches, however,

of

are inconsiderable and éasy to supply in comparison with

W

another problem of the most difficult nature, which has of

o

late years been urged upon our attention by the numerous

10

conversions from among the heathen; it is the question as to

16

the best means of providing suitable employments for our

0

converts, so as to enable them to earn an honest livelihood,

y

without being a burden to the Mission.

Our industrial

establishments cannot possibly supply all our Christians with

h

work, and by large admissions of new converts, many of whom

are quite inexperienced labourers, some of them have already

54

e e

been taxed to the utmost of their strength. Besides there

are stations, such as Codacal, where the poverty of the people

§

and the general want of opportunities for work are so pressing,

that all our attempts to remedy the difficulties have constantly

proved to be quite inadequate to the existing needs. Various

proposals have been made as a way out of the difficulty.

More especially the project of an agricultural colony on a

large scale has been taken into careful consideration; but

there are various difficulties of the most serious nature

standing in the way of the proposal being carried out.

For

E

the present a small beginning only has been made by opening

an agricultural school in connection with our Boys’ Orphanage

at Paraperi.

The object of the school is to train Christian

boys for agricultural work, and by and by to settle them as

tenants on lands belonging to the Mission or to the Church-

fund. May the school prosper and prove a blessing to the

Church of Christ in Malabar!

4. Preaching among the heathen.

Having dwelt at some

length on the conversions that occurred during the last year,

there is no need to add more than a few words on the recep-

tion the messengers of the gospel have met with among the

heathen population of Malabar.

From Chombala the follow-

ing is reported : —

“Our itinerary preachers have again and again returned from

their preaching tours with great joy and confidence, because almost

everywhere they found the doors open for proclaiming the gospel.

Sometimes they met people listening with such close attention, that

the preachers might have thought they had a Christian congre-

gation before them.”

And My. Walter of Vaniyankulam says: —

“It is pleasing to observe a wide spread change of opinion in

favour of Christianity.

Many are earnestly contemplating the

question: ‘what must I doto be saved?’ and that there are some who

55

SRV S

have for themselves answered the question by actually embracing

Christianity, is proved by the 63 conversions in connection with our

)

station.

But how exceedingly small is this number, if contrasted

with the four and a half laes of heathen living in our district!”

On the other hand, as the apostle Paul, when he speaks

of “a great door and effectual” opened unto him at Ephesus,

adds the surprising remark “and there are many adversaries”

b

(1. Cor. xvi, 9), so also the messengers of the gospel in

Malabar, while meeting with encouragements everywhere,

I

have to contend with a good deal of opposition too, and that

of the most resolute character. Mr. Walter reports of an

opposition preacher regularly making his appearance on idol-

festivals and also in the market at Vaniyankulam, where the

missionaries have for many years been preaching the gospel

unmolested.

«This man is said to have been paid by the Nambutiri Brahmins,

the most obstinate and deadly foes of Christianity. His object is

neither to instruct his countrymen in their own religion nor to

refute Christianity in a rational way, but to heap abuses on, and

raise suspicions against, the missionaries and render their preaching

impossible.

Whenever an attentive audience gathered round the

preachers of the gospel, he would step forth with his partisans,

interrupt the preacher by silly questions, read aloud quotations from

pamphlets against Christianity, and insult the missionary and his

assistants in the most vulgar manner.”

In a similar way Mr. Jaus of Calicut speaks of an

F

opposition preacher he met at the fair at Kirur. This man

appears to have himself compiled a pamphlet against Chris-

tianity, and offered it for sale by reading out passages from

it; it contains the old and often-repeated twaddle on Christ

having stolen an ass, cursed the fig-tree, and similar nonsense.

Regarding house-to-house visits Mr. Jaus gives his experi-

ence as follows:—

L

56

“On the whole we have met with a kind reception in many houses,

but the reverse has sometimes been the case. With educated Hindus

kindness towards the missionary on the one hand is combined with

a decided aversion to the gospel on the other.

One of these, a

Brahmin by caste, spoke in high terms of the missionaries and the

results of their work; he also expressed his high admiration for

Jesus, declaring that Jesus was one of the greatest religious

reformers of mankind;

His moral teaching was supreme and

deserved unreserved imitation by Hindus also.

But men of his

type were to be found at all times and among all nations.

Now-

a-days Swami Vivekananda was the great religious teacher, who

deserved the highest admiration for his enthusiasm and eloquence,

by which he had succeeded in converting thousands of Americans

and Englishmen to Vedantism.

By his achievements it had been

proved beyond doubt that Hinduism excelled Christianity in power

and spirit; the latter suited the unlearned, but Hinduism was the

very religion for the educated, being in harmony with all the

results of modern science.”’

5, Medical Mission.

Our Medical Mission at Calicut has

now passed through its first year without the presence of

Dr. E. Liebendirfer, its founder and superintendent for many

years.

His successor, Dr. W. Stokes, assisted by Miss

Hanhart, has been able to successfully attend to his new

and manifold duties without interruption. Under the blessing

of God, this work has from small beginnings 10 years ago,

developed to such an extent, that it now comprises two

hospitals at Calicut, and two branch-stations at Codacal and

Vaniyankulam respectively. The hospital at Vaniyankulam,

formerly belonging to Government, has only lately been

taken charge of by the Mission, and we are glad to state

that we have been enabled to do so by the liberal assistance

of Government as well as by the kind sympathy and patro-

nage of the Neittyar of the Kawalapura Estate. . We desire to

give expression to our sense of sincere gratitude towards this

57

AL E AR L

My. Stokes

friend and all other supporters of the work.

reports on the last year’s work as follows:—

“Tt is with mingled feelings of pleasure and disappointment, of

joy and sorrow, but withal of great thankfulness, that I look back

upon my first year of Medical Mission work in India. Practical work

leaves very little time for the study of the language, and I have

felt this personally in not being able to speak to the patients as I

should have liked to.

They are, however, my best ‘munshis’ and

each consultation increases my vocabulary.

Another drawback has

been the want of a competent Christian dresser.

During the past

year I have been obliged to have no less than five changes, the last

experience being very trying. The man seemed suitable in every

way, but on arrival I found he lacked one indispensable qualification

and that was—hearing. We hope to commence the new year under

happier auspices, as I now have a man who has been in medical

mission work before, and seems in every way the right one.

Under these circumstances, I have been very glad of the help of

Miss Hanhart, who has not only helped me in surgical cases, but

has had the management and giving out of stores at the Hospital

as well as the Leper Asylum.

Calicut Hospital. During the year we have treated 28,915 out-

patients and 221 in-patients, with 31 operations.

These consisted

chiefly of the removal of tumours, abscesses, one case of cancer of

the lip, cataract and labour cases.

About half the number had to

be performed without chloroform, and, I am glad to say, were

sueccessful.

The majority of the patients were heathen and heard the gospel

faithfully preached by the catechist and bible-woman, and many of

them more than once.

Although we have not seen much fruit as

yet, we know that His word carried into so many distant homes, will

not return unto him void.

Many promise in hours of suffering to

become Christians, but with renewed health comes forgetfulness.

On the other hand we have been encouraged by a few, who were in

the hospital, deciding to leave their false gods and serve Christ.

The gratitude of the heathen more especially is very pleasing.

8

58

e

Besides dropping small coins into the poor box they bring offerings

in kind, of eggs, fruit, fowl, fish, ete.

We have had one baptism in the hospital, and that of a poor man,

who had been ill for months; he received the name of Joseph and

died very peacefully. Another poor creature was Magdalena, as she

was baptised; and a veritable ‘Magdalen’ she had been; so diseased,

that at first we took her into the Leper Asylum. It was not leprosy,

however, and she recovered so far as to be able to work for a short

time, but soon came back to the hospital, where she died after

seven months of great suffering. The case of an old Mopla woman,

who was operated on for cataract, was very touching. She waited

patiently day after day, till the bandages were removed, and then

great was her joy.

She held her hand before her eyes and told off

her fingers one by one, calling out between alternate laughter and

tears: ‘I can see!’ She seemed grateful and thanked us for having

saved her from the life of a blind beggar.

Another woman disap-

peared from the hospital leaving behind her infant child.

This

foundling has been adopted and is gladdening the hearts of a child-

less Christian couple. An old Sanyasi after all his wanderings found

his way here.

He was quite confident that he had worked out his

own salvation and would hear nothing of Christ; all he wanted was

food, as long as life lasted.

After his death we found in his bundle,

in many wrappings, sand from the beds of sacred rivers, herbs, roots,

and powders of supposed efficacy or sanctity, and just coppers enough

to pay for his burial.

There are some who do not hesitate to abuse the privileges of

the hospital.

One man, for instance, presented himself and family,

saying they wished to become Christians, and at the same time he

wished to be treated.

He used to get strange paroxysms of pain

and roll about in seeming agony; moreover he always insisted on

his wife’s constant attendance. He used to spend hours reading the

Bible aloud and attended the instruction for baptism, but any sugges-

tion of working brought on one of his attacks.

At last we got him

settled in a house with something to do, and then ‘Krishnan’ soon

returned to his native village.

(PSR

59

Many children are brought with foreign bodies, such as shells,

betel nuts, ete. in their noses and ears, and one child had swallowed

a fish bone.

They are very troublesome little patients, and there

is nothing for it but to have them held down and to set to work

amid screams and struggles.

Snake-bite cases are very numerous.

They generally come on

dark nights with torches and rouse me up with shouts of ‘Saib’ and

vigorous hammerings at the door.

They are very superstitious and

ask a great many useless questions regarding diet, bathing, ete.

One man actually thought he needed treatment, because the snake

had passed over his foot! Among the more serious cases handled in

the hospital was that of a man whose foot I at one time thought

should be amputated.

His relatives brought 3 Rupees and begged

me to spare him his foot; we were able to do so, but it was a very

slow process.

Visits to heathen patients in their homes are an interesting

feature of the work.

Sometimes it is to the house of a well-to-do

Hindu or Mopla,—at one of the former a snake quietly glided out

of the door-way and all the inmates stood aside, no one daring to

touch the sacred serpent,—but more often it is to a wretehed hovel,

with the patient lying on the floor and where one has to descend to

that level to operate.

But wherever it is, the crowd of sympathetic

friends and relatives is never wanting.

I order them out, but still

it is a very public performance. ~ Many come to us when every

treatment has failed and the disease so aggravated by native medi-

cines, that death seems imminent, —because they say we can inter-

cede on their behalf with our God.

A new house for the catechist has been built close by the

hospital, so that now we have our buildings all compact.

In time

we hope to supply a greatly felt need in having a small lying-in-

hospital.

The natives themselves have promised to contribute to-

wards this building.

Codacal.—Our branch-hospital here has done well under the

faithful dresser Joseph, and I am thankful indeed to have a man

During the year we have

in whom I can place such confidence.

8%

60

———

treated 15,015 out-patients and 74 in-patients.

To the congrega-

tion here, which is a large one, the hospital is a great boon.

With the new year we hope to commence work at Vaniyankulam,

It is

by receiving from Government the hospital they have closed.

in a very populous part of the country and will prove a good centre

for medical mission work.

The Leper Asylum.—We opened the year with 20 on the rolls

and closed with 21. During that time 9 new patients were admitted,

5 died (2 Christians and 3 heathen) and 3 were discharged; the

total number of lepers treated being 88 for the last year.

Arranged according to religious professions they stand as follows:

10 Protestant Christians, 1 Roman Catholic, 5 Hindus, 5 Moham-

medans.

Among those admitted was a little bright-faced mite of 10.

The disease has not caused any disfigurement as yet, but still it is

there and condemns her to this life of isolation.

Together with two

men, she was baptized this Christmas-tide, receiving the name of

Martha. Her mother who had been an inmate for some time, was

at first very much opposed to Christianity.

At last, however, she

expressed her wish for baptism, but died before it was administered.

Although not allowed the privilege of joining the Church here, we

believe she has entered into that above.

Another death was that of Daniel.

Knowing his end was near,

he desired the sacrament.

Soon after he remarked in quite an

ordinary tone to his companions: ‘Salaam, brothers, I am going,’

and fell asleep.

As regards medical treatment, I have met with great sucecess in

giving eucalyptus oil.

The difference between those who take it

regularly and those who dislike it and would not do so, is very

marked.

The lepers themselves call it a good medicine.

In conclusion I would heartily thank all the kind friends, who

with their money and sympathy have helped us through another

year’s work, and especially the members of the firm of Messrs.

Peirce, Leslie and Co. for their generous donation.”

————

61

VI. The Nilgiri District.»

Our Nilgiri Mission may look back on a year which has

in a special manner been rich in manifold blessings and given

us cause in a particular sense to praise the Lord for all His

benefits.

1

The Jubilee of the Mission.

Fifty years have passed

since the Basel Mission was led, by circumstances showing

clearly divine guidance, to begin work among the tribes in-

habiting the Nilgiri hills,

When we review the history of the

Mission during this long period, abounding as it does in trials

of various kinds and in numerous proofs of divine grace, we

may well raise an Ebenezer in praise of the Lord who hath

hitherto helped us.

To sketch in a few words the origin and gradual growth of the

Mission, we cannot but gratefully mention the name of the late

Mr. Casamajor, of the Madras Civil Service, who had retired to.the

beautiful Kaity valley; for it was at his suggestion and by his munifi-

cence that our Mission which had but a few years back entered upon

the Indian Mission-field, was induced and enabled to add the Nilgiris

to the other three districts it had already occupied. We may even

say that Mr. Casamajor was himself the very first “missionary” on

these hills,—the very first who, constrained by the love of Christ

and moved with compassion towards the heathen surrounding him,

began to proclaim the gospel among them.

With this object in

view he opened a school and a dispensary on his own property and

at his own expense; he even began in his old age to learn Canarese

and Badaga, and above all, like a true priest, incessantly interceded

in fervent prayer for the salvation of the hill-tribes.

But being

convinced that the work of evangelization could not be effectually

accomplished, unless some Missionary Society stepped in, and having

made the aequaintance of Dr. Mogling, Mr. Weigle and other

members of the Basel Mission, with whom he was connected

by an intimate Christian friendship, he decided to make

62

pin e

the Basel Mission his sole heir, and requested our Home-

Committee to station a missionary, specially selected for the work,

at Kaity. The work thus begun by this devoted disciple of Christ

was zealously carried on by men like Messrs. Weigle, Morike, Biihler,

Metz, Biihrer, and others.

The names of the saintly Mr. Morike,

and the indefatigable Mr. Metz, both of whom were privileged to

labour on the hills from 20 to 80 years, are at the present time

still well remembered and highly revered by both Christian and

non-christian Badagas.

The missionaries had, however, to toil

for many years, before they were permitted to see the seed sown

yield fruit.

Twelve years passed before the first Badaga convert

was prepared to tear himself away from his family and from his

tribe and ‘‘bear the reproach of Christ” by receiving baptism in His

name.

This joyful event occurred on the 31st January 1858, The

man, who came forward as the first-fruit from among the Badagas,

received the name of Abraham; he proved himself worthy of this

name as one who “walked in the steps of the faith of our father

b

Abraham?”’,

Within eighteen months after his conversion he had

the happiness of witnessing the baptism of his entire household.

Several other families followed him in the ecourse of time.

The last

ten years have been remarkably fruitful in conversions and this in

spite of the severe persecution suffered by the converts on account of

the unabated fanaticism of the non-christian Badagas. In 1855 a

small Orphanage was started at Kaity.

In 1867 Kotageri was

opened as a new head-station.

In 1886 the Cooly-mission at

Coonoor was taken charge of by the Kaity missionaries.

Much

attention has of late been given to school-work; a Training School

was opened at Kaity, and later on a Catechists’ Seminary. Numerous

village schools have also been started, which have proved a success-

ful means of disseminating Christian knowledge among the heathen

youth and preparing the way for their conversion.

Thus the work

has, under the blessing of God, steadily developed; the mustard-seed

has grown and become a big tree with many branches.

This is the

Lord’s doing, it is marvellous in our eyes.

The following are the principal statistics of the Mission after 50

years’ labour : head-stations, 2; out-stations, 30 : communicants, 270

63

e

church-members, 554 ; catechumens, 10; schools, 32; pupils, 875 ;

pastor, 1; catechists, 9; Christian schoolmasters, 35.

The Jubilee of the Mission was celebrated on Trinity Sunday

(May 31st) at Kaity by a special service, which was largely

attended, not only by Native Christians, but also by a good

number of European friends,—which added much to the

solemnity of the occasion.

Stirring addresses were delivered

by

Messrs. Stokes, Ernst, Qrossmann, Pastor J. Kanaka,

Catechist Isaiah Konga, and by our friends Col. Stevenson,

Mr. Cowdell, and Mr. Framcis, of Ooty. Mr. Wieland compiled

for the occasion a short sketch of the history of the Mission,

which has since been printed and published.

2. Conversions.

In addition to the jubilee festivities some

other joyful events occurred in the course of the year, which

combined to distinguish the past year as a season of

special blessing and rejoicing to our Nilgiri Mission.

At the

beginning of the year the missionaries at Kaity were sorely

grieved by some serious offences having come to light; and they

doubted whether it was advisable under such circumstances to

celebrate the jubilee at all. But shortly afterwards they were

greatly rejoiced by some conversions, and their joy was en-

hanced by the fact that some of the converts were inhabitants

of Kaity-village.

Until lately the proud among the Kaity

villagers were boasting, that the Mission had not succeeded in

turning a single inhabitant of their village to Christianity,

and this notwithstanding 50 years’ labour.

Their vain glory

has now been put to shame.

By the conversion of three

Kaity men three houses of Kaity-village have been opened

to the Mission.

Altogether 29 souls were admitted to the

Church by baptism at Kaity, and 7 at Kotageri. Mr. Erns

writes thus with reference to some of the conversions:—

“ At Achinakalla, near Kaity, there lived until lately only one Chris-

tian who had found his Saviour some years ago. IHis son, who was not

64

e

on the best of terms with him before his conversion, became now

animated with increased aversion and took delight in squandering

the ancestral property.

At this the father was much grieved, but

at last suceceeded in persuading him to live with him at Achinakalla.

Some time afterwards the son determined to accept Christ also. But

his path was thorny, as his two wives were. filled with deep-rooted

prejudice against Christianity.

Wild and extravagant rumours are

current among the Badagas about some horrible customs practised

by Christians.

It is said, e. g., that Christians cook rice with the

blood of the cow, and on Christmas they are believed to kill a cow,

of which all partake alike.

They are also said to prepare a bewitch-

ing powder, which the Bible-women distribute in villages.

We

advised the man to retain only one wife and dismiss the younger

one; his two boys were sent to our sehool. The remaining wife got by

and by reconciled to her husband’s step and was baptized with him,

“Some time afterwards there came a young Badaga woman, who

had becn led to believe in Christ as her Redeemer.

Her husband

and her parents-in-law were quite exasperated, when she left her

newly-born baby with them and sought refuge with us.

She adopted

this course, in order to induce her husband to soon follow her with

the child.

Her expectations seemed almost realized, when not long

afterwards her husband came, but she soon learnt, that his intention

was not to join her, but to marry another woman. One day the

young woman disappeared with her child.

She had returned to

But she was

her people, in order to win her husband, if possible.

only allowed a small corner of the verandah, and seeing that her

husband had no compassion upon her, left the place in great

distress.

After some time our veteran Catechist Isaiak brought

the news, that her hasband had come and intended to follow his wife.

No sooner had the young man taken refuge with us, than his kindred,

maddened with wrath, closely followed at his heels.

Knowing the

S Te—

unbounded malignity of his pursuers, he kept close to my side, and

on perceiving them approaching the compound, fled to my study and

remained there, until they returned under cover of the night. His

old father, who had just returned from Mysore, fainted under the

distress and lay on the floor with his eyes shut. When we whis-

65

pered into his ears, that his son had ecome to speak to him, he opened

his eyes, exclaiming: ‘Oh God! oh God! His son approached him

1t

with filial love, and we hope that the father’s heart will melt under

the rays of his son’s love. So husband and wife are Joined again

i

and are both diligent students of God’s Word.

i

Later on u man from Kaity-village made his appearance, declar-

ing that when a boy he attended our school and once even made up

d

his mind to make a public confession of his faith, but had been pre-

6

vented from doing so. Now heseemed determined to take the decisive

f

step.

The next day he attended divine service at our church,

broke his caste, and after some time sent his son to our school.

His

[}

relatives were furious with indignation at this step and declared that

L

he had forfeited his ancestral property.

The whole village was a

scene of excitement; his wife deserted him; friends vehemently

protested against his design.

His sister implored him to return or

at least to tell her the reasons actuating him to go over to the

é’

‘Veda’.

He related the story of the destruction of Sodom and

)8

Gomorrah, pointing out that as Kaity was as wicked, God would

d

also pour over it the vial of his wrath, and therefore he had

fled to the ‘Veda’, whence no body could entice him to depart.

Thereupon his sister replied: ¢If this be your econvietion, then

remain in the ‘Veda’." There remained for him still a hard struggle,

viz. to overcome the habit of opium eating, the national vice of the

10

Badagas, but he succeeded by God’s help.

His wife came back

5

and joined him, when he sent her word, that he would not interfere

)

with her religion, nor compel her to accept his.

i

Thus in the first instance a father has been instrumental in win-

i

ning his son for Christ, in the second a wife in drawing her hushand

over to Christianity; and in the third a man in eonferring the bless-

ings of the gospel on his whole family.

In future may the gospel

(4

spread on the hills and elsewhere by Christians themselves winning

their relatives and friends for Christ (John 1. 40-42; 45, 46)!"”

3. Re-union of excommunicated Christians.

Another joyful

event which gladdened our hearts towards the end of the year,

0

was the re-union with their mother-church of some of the

9

66

* '

—_—

excommunicated Nerkambe Christians. The persons concerned

are the sons of the first Badaga convert, the venerable Abraham,

of whom we spoke on page 62. But whilst the latter served his

heavenly Master in humility and childlike simplicity, matters

were different with his sons to the extreme regret of the

missionaries, who had, on several occasions, to reprove them.

In the year 1888 they had to be excommunicated for grave

offences, whereupon they severed their connection with the

Basel Mission and joined the Roman Catholic Church. All

attempts made to regain them failed on account of their

obstinacy and unwillingness to repent.

The breach thus

caused in our Nilgiri Church was painfully felt by missionaries

and Christians alike as a sore wound affecting the whole body.

Nine years had passed, when quite unexpectedly the way was

prepared by the Lord’s working, for the return of some of

| &

them to their mother-church.

As a matter of fact, these Christians have from their youth

imbibed too much of evangelical truth, to find peace and rest in

Romanism.

Although they tried for many years cutwardly to

submit to Roman practice, they were unable to reconcile their

conscience to what they were inwardly convineced was opposed to

Holy Scripture.

Now it happened, when Mr. Wieland of Kaity was

staying at Nerkambe for some days during the last monsoon, in

order to superintend the repair of our little chapel, that Isaac, the

head of the excommunicated family, sought for an occasion of ap-

proaching the missionary, and in the course of the ensuing conversa-

tion asked for permission to attend our services again. The request

was gladly complied with, and great was the joy among all Chris-

tian Badagas, when on the 18th October 14 of the excommunicated

Nerkambe Christians, after a separation of 9 years, met again in

the nicely repaired chapel in unity with the other Christians to

worship their common Lord and Saviour.

We count this happy issue of long-standing differences a

special blessing which the Lord has kindly bestowed on us in

our jubilee yéar.

67

i

ey

4., Extension of work. A house for a catechist and a

small meeting-room has been erected at Coonoor; a catechist

has also been stationed there permanently, to assist Mr. Stokes

in the Cooly-Mission and to conduct Sunday services for our

Christians living in Coonoor. At Kallhatti, a village centrally

situated to the north of Ooty, a site has been purchased and

a house built to serve as lodgings for the missionary and his

Towards the end of the

assistants on their preaching tours.

year we have been enabled to settle at Nellakotta, by taking

charge of the work which has hitherto been conducted privately

by our friend, Mr. Liebenrood. The native agent who was

employed by him, an old member of our Church, has been

admitted to the ranks of our catechists.

We are glad to have

thus been enabled to get a firm footing in the Wynaad District,

in which our Kaity missionaries have been working for a

number of years.

5

Cooly-Mission.

The hands of the aged Mr. Stokés, the

superintendent of the Cooly-Mission in the neighbourhood of

Coonoor, having been strengthened by an additional labourer,

he has with his assistants been enabled regularly to proclaim

the good tidings at the weekly market and in the different

native quarters of Coonoor.

Besides, 34 plantations, 23

Badaga villages, 4 Toda-munds,

4 Kurumba-malhas, and

4 villages of low-caste people, have been visited during the

year.

In the hot season Mr. Stokes attended also 3 heathen

festivals in the Coimbatore District, to which the Badagas

and other hill-tribes flock in great numbers.

CAEANEN

9*

Conclusion.

We have now finished our review of the past year’s

work, and in conclusion feel constrained to give praise

to Him, unto whom all honour and every success is

due, and whose grace alone enables us to labour for

Him

We commit the work to His future guidance.

May He overrule our mistakes, forgive our short-

comings, purify our Churches, and fill the workers with

>

His Holy Spirit! We desire also to tender our warmest

thanks to the friends, who have given us their sympathy

and assistance in the great work entrusted to us.

We cannot, however, conclude this report without

giving expression to our deep sense of sincere rever-

ence and gratitude to Her Most Gracious Majesty, the

Queen of England and Empress of India, on the aus-

picious occasion of the completion of the sixtieth year

We are the more constrained to do so,

of Her reign.

because, although we are foreigners, we feel that we

are united with Her Majesty and many of her subjects

in the bonds of the same precious faith. Being, as it

were, guests in this land, we are the more thankful for

the blessings we are privileged to enjoy under a liberal

and Christian Government, for the liberty and pro-

tection afforded ‘us, and the encouragement we have

Lo

69

received at the hands of many of Her Majesty’s God-

fearing officials and subjects for the prosecution of our

missionary work.

We may confidently say, that we

shall ever deem it one of our bounden duties, as ser-

vants of Christ, to enjoin on our Churches the sacred

duties of loyalty and obedience towards Her Majesty’s

Government.

We also desire on their behalf gratefully

to acknowledge the inestimable benefits they have, as

Christians, derived under the just and impartial rule of

the British Government.

But above all we ascribe praise and glory to thé

Lord, the Giver of all good, because, in His infinite

wisdom and mercy, He has used this long and glorious

reign as a means of extending His Kingdom in this

and in other lands under Her Majesty’s sway, and

thus brought the blessings of the gospel to millions of

our race.

T e

Subscriptions and Donations

Towards the Mission-Fund

Received during the year 1896.

A

$<& All sums received on or after the 1st of January 1897 will be acknow-

ledged in the Report for 1897.

s. As., P.

Rs. As

MANGALORE.

W. Wright Esq.

12

Biddle Esq., Honavar by

A friend

100

- Rev. Hermelink

20

Ed Richter Esq., towards

Kurrachee, Easter-offering

20

Pay of Catechist

120

W. H. Welsh Esq.

22

G. Haller Esq.

22

H. Gibson Esq.

C. Somiah Esq., R. B.

25

C. B. Oakley Esq.

W. B. Green Esq.

P. A. Booty Esq.

I. E. Green Esq.

D. J. Macfarlane Esq.

A friend

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CO OO OO O

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J. N. Hensman Esq.

For the Cooly-Mission.

Through Messrs. Warden & Co., Bomba,

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W. Wright Esq.

12

(=)

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Alex. J. Agabeg Esq.

10

ANANDAPUR.

George Cotton Esq.

10

Geo. K. H.

J. Logan Esq.

12

I. Andrew Esq

E

Mrs. Grant

o

J. Grant Esq.

= =

W. Mackay Esq.

G. R. Moore Esq.

&y

A. N. West Esq.

M. D’Vas Esq.

Frank Brown Esq.

PERomPFY

.

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6

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M. Gerrard Esq.

0. Becker Esq.

.

A. H. Jackson Esq.

A. Brockmann Esq.

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Surgeon Major Davidson

MERCARA

A. Courpalais Esq.

15

For the General Fund.

I. Duggan Esq.

W. Mackworth Young Esq.

50

I. Fraser Esq.

G. T. Meiklejohn Esq.

J. Jukes Esq.

12

L. B. Buckly Esq.

13

F. Muir Esq.

T. C. Carr Esq.

S. Partridge Esq.

10

Rev. A. Fennel

20

I. Reynold Esq.

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15

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100

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Mrs. Tomlinson

10

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Mrs. Dupen

G. Beatham Esq.

KAITY.

W. L. Cameron Esq.

Surg. Major D. C. Davidson

A. N. Groves Esq.

100

Two friends at Ooty

100

I. Fraser Esq.

A Courpalais Esq.

Th. Stanes Esq.

50

I. Shaw Esq.

W. R. James Esq.

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His Lordship the Bishop

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F. Muir Esq.

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Ootacamund

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25

G. Wood Esq.

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W. H. Stanes Esq.

W. Wright Esq.

24

A. E. Ramsey Esq.

25

W. Partridge Esq.

190

W. Macworth Young Esq.

25

25

Mr. Bhimaji Angavi

Alex. Allan Esq.

N. N

A. 8. Cowdell Esq.

25

FEe s

A grateful friend

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20

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D. Hooper Esq.

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E. H Mascardi Esq.

Rev. I. Bishop

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H. Ingle Esq.

23

T. G. Breithaupt Esq.

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M. Philips Esq.

M. Young Esq.

10

CANNANORE.

Col. Stevenson

10

10

Capt. Hedley

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James Stanes Esq.!

Capt. Denne

Hon. F. Grose

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Lieut. Garrat

Col: Percelli

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W. Schmidt Esq.

Mrs. Hamnett

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Major Reynolds

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R. Tatham Esq.

A. L. B.

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24

Miss van Someren

Mrs. M. V. Baker

12

Mrs. C. H. L. Wright

Mrs. M. Venacet

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Miss M. Maiden

Mrs. Addis

D. N. Morrison Esq.

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Mrs. W

I. Heath

Mrs. Reed

For the Cooly-Mission.

A. D,

Pilloor Estate (Messrs.

W. R.

Hunter & Allen)

120

i W s

Hill Grove Estate

120

55

sl &

Mrs. Francis

T. Stanes Esq.

Mrs. Atkinson

R. W. James Esq.

45

8. K. James Esq.

H. Stanes Esq.

25

14

Mrs

Me.Leish

Mrs. Mullaly

Mrs

Hadfield

Mrs. M. Hayne

oo OoC

[ = I =B = e B = =)

Mrs

Macfarlane

KOTAGERI.

Mrs

Sherman

Mrs

Parkinson

His Lordship the Bishop

Mrs

A. Parkins

of Madras

30

F. Kurtz Esq.

Miss Cockburn

50

Miss F. Dussman

Mrs. D. Cockburn

30

100

Mec. Murray Esq.

Frank Groves Esq.

Mrs. Seager

Miss Hooper (£ 2.)

34

M. Atkinson Esq.

Rev. C. Cooper

C. Vernede Esq.

Mrs. Morley

Mrs. Cawdry

Miss. Dickinson

R. Proudlock Esq

Mrs. H. D. Goldsmith

8. Grove Esq.

Mrs. Westcott

Mrs. Green

A friend

C. Job Esq

L. Kindersley Esq.

M. C. M. L

D. Macleman Esq.

'W. Deane Esq.

Bs.

W. P. Scott Esq.

Mrs. Griffith

en

Miss Norfor

DD TR OOt UL DD WO Ut ot

o0 00cOoOOoOOCOCOOROOO@

[ B N o Y e R e Y o S o e i e S e e e e B i e )

Proceeds of the Ladies’

ien

working meeting at

I%:

}

P e bk ped ek bl ek ek b ek fed ek e b bl el ek ped fed el ped el fd el ek P et ek DD DO RO DD DD DO DO DO DD DO DD DO DO RO RO DD RO DO DD DO GO O

o P e P = e 4 e 0 o e 8 om0 1 o o ik B oo S o 28 o B e B e o 1 2 o o ] o 8 o i, o T e o fo e e o o s e g e o e e o OOOOOOOOCDOOCDOE}>

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO:U

40 10

Kotageri

73

SEN A

Donations from Members of the Congregations and other

Native Friends.

MANGALORE.

Rs

=

o)

BETTIGERI.

Bs

As

Messrs. L. Joshus & Sons

60

Different gifts

11,11

Mr. Albert Welta

10

12

BIJAPUR.

Jeppoo Prayer-meeting

Dr. Radzock

Messrs. Th. & N. Pearl

12

Mr. Th. Roberts

HONAVAR.

Mr. H. Aiman

Mr. Daniel Santwana

F. G., Kudroly

Mr. Christadasa Israel

Mr. S. Gold

N. N.

Mr. L. Furtado

N. N.

P O L

SO0

oSO o9

N. N

N

N

%

-

[N T B o T o B e i e i o B = B = i e =)

—oo0ococ0o0o0co0 S

CANNANORE.

Towards the repair of the Shanti-Church

P. J. Ittereyah Esq., Munsif 10

on Balmattha.

Th. Ch.

5

Mr. M. Verghese

3

Congregation Special

collection

606

Mission-box of the work-

people of the Weaving

Legacy of late Mr. I. T. V’.

Establishment.

817

ND

Saldanha

100

TELLICHERRY.

7

For the Orphanages in

in South Canara.

Rev. D. Fernandez

Mr. Paul Pilo

Mr. Th. Roberts

10

Mr. Joseph

MULKY.

Krishnan Esq., Sub Judge

From the Catechists

Students of the Theol. Sem

OO W W ot

W wo OO

S o acc

”

”

» Christian High

UDIPI.

School, Nettur

Different gifts

KARKAL.

CHOMBALA.

Mr. J. A. Kumaran

10

Different gifts

Congregation

16

12

BASRUR.

Orphans of the Orphanage

0

A heathen friend

CALICUT.

From the Christians at

Basrur, Kundapur, Keilkeri

Mrs. Rebececa 1.

and Barkur

4

M. P. First earnings

KASARAGOD.

P. Claudia, first earnings

Putiangady Sunday School

:j.

:)(1;

(== B =

Sale-proceeds of eggs by

two boys

CODACAL.

DHARWAR.

Congregation of Chalacheri

VANIYANKULAM.

Mrs. Bhagiavanti Ullagadde

5

N. N.

HUBLY

Elisabeth

(0.0}

0

Mr. Jonathan Havala

—

Jonas

0

Mr. Dharmappa Unakall

Mr. Rayappa

PALGHAT.

Mrs. Elisabeth Aralikatti

Mr. Matthai

15

S

Mr. Ratna Murnal

= DN NO

ey ey femles)

OO0 O

Others

10

74

KAITY

Rs- As.

::

Mr. S. Jeremiah

Mr, Peter Abraham

0

3

K. Murugesam

Emmanuel

3

Shantappa

Abr. David

Kaleb

3

Jes. Konga

Jes. Shanta

e SRR R O

Aaron Damar

Lemuel Soens

Samuel Damar

Mose Kari

Elisa Daniel

Jes. Daniel

S. Benjamin

A. Santosham

Ephraim

P. Barnabas

7:::,

Pitchumuttu

QOO OIS

> O 00 Q0 0 G O P w @®

Do e oo oo oo e

Jesudasan

$ 3 3 3 2

KOTAGERI.

J. Joseph

Jesuadian

Mr

Joseph Hiria

no

Daniel Bella

Paranjoti

T % 3 3

Vedamanikan

n

Samuel Malli

”

V. Gnanapragasam

Ananda

Rev. J. Kanaka

E. D. J.

:,:7

Sebastian

Mr. Henry Kodot

Christian Ajja

”

E. I. Whitechurch

Simon Bala

Mrs. Catharina Luke

—

”

M. 8. Gnanapragasam

Mr. Joseph Meda

John H. Bella

R. Muduranna Jakam

Job Rachel

”

Johann Bella

Peter Kalla

A. Bommanna

Gabriel Kanaka

g

Aaron Titus

”

Joseph Belli

”

A. Joseph

Benjamin Samuel

Gnanasigamany

”

OO OC O I o D DD O GOt

P W DR OO SIS OO SiolS

So oS e o o0 oo

Nath. Palani

P o @00 @ o i B = ErpE FEL Gl Lol B 1o K

P p® OB WO OOO P00 o000 000 OO

CoOoO OO0 o o000 o0PooS o000 o000 o0

Joseph Pache

Pie Collection.

Mangalore

113

Tellicherry

38

—

Mulky

1

Chombala

33

Udipi

38

Calicut

27

.

Karkal

Codacal

17

Basrur

Vaniyankulam

15

21

Pt ek

—

Kasaragod

Palghat

Mercara

12

m:ogmmoo

Kaity

15

Cannanore

64

13

WO ~=OOO

Kotageri

W O W B Ot W W o

DO = PO =O

75

—

Subscriptions and Donations towards the Sick-house

and Poor-Fund at Mangalore.

Rs. As. P

Rs

.

W. H. Welsh Esq.

i

J. M. Hensman Esq.

ot

Mr. G. May

L. C, Miller Esq.

12

H. G. Joseph Esq.

Messrs. Th. & N. Pearl

P. A. Booty Esq.

n

L. Joshua & Sons

C. B. Oakley Esq.

Mr. Th. Roberts

10

(gé

Mr. L. Furtado

D. J. Macfarlane Esq

F. Gompertz Esq.

N. N.

Mrs. Ball

[y

- Or o1 O W O

(;;;)

From the Missionaries

66

S OO OO0CO WO

ccocoocoo®

Donations towards

the Medical Mission, Calicut.

Messrs. Peirce Leslie & Co. 100

C. Oakley Esq.

Mrs. Macrae

32

G. W. Dance Esq.

20

”

Ferguson

A. Brown Esq.

”

Baker

10

J. P. Venant Esq.

10

”

Wilson

Rev. Molesworth

10

Rev. J. Knobloch

Miss Tocher

S. P. Carless Esq

20

Amos Maistry

10

E. Davis Esq.

15

A Subscription

27

J. Mackay Esq.

T. Schlunk Esq.

H. Bullivant Esq

Church Poor Fund

:

5

oo OoOOoOOCOeC OO

o0 @O O OO0 O

W. Shaw Esq.

&0 00000 DN

S e o0 e GO 00

E.& 0. E

Mangalore

Treasurer

|

Cpilms L ST e

10%

GONTENTS.

Page.

List of European Missionaries

Statistical Tables

.

°

.

12

Table of Stations, Out-stations and Agents

Report.

18

Introductory Remarks

1.

Statistical Remarks

.

.

.

°

20

1. European Workers, 20 ;

2. Native Workers, 23 ;

3. Numerical Strength, 24.

11,

South Canara .

26

1. General Remarks, 26 ;

2. Secession of some Chris-

tians, 27;

3. Attitude of the heathen population, 28;

b}

4, Itinerancy, 29 ;

Work among Malayalees, 30 ;

>

6. A new Station, 32.

Tl

Coorg

.

33

1. Conversions, 33 ;

2. Preaching among the hea-

then, 34 ;

3. Extention of work, 35.

LY.

South Mahratta

36

1. Difficulties and Trials, 36;

2. General attitude of

the heathen, 38 ;

3. Encouragements, 40; Preaching

among the heathen, 42.

V.

Malabar

.

44

1. Conversions, 44 ;

2. Difficulties and Trials, 48;

8. Condition of the Churches, 51;

4. Preaching among

the heathen 84;

5. Medical Mission, 56.

VI.

Nilgiris

.

61

1. The Jubilee, 61 ;

2. Conversions, 63 ;

3. Re-union

of excommunicated Christians, 65 ;

4. Extension of

work, 67 ;

Cooly-Mission, 67.

Conelusion

68

Subseriptions and Donations received

70

P W W N\ N N

ey

o

-

Subscriptions and Donations will be thankfully received by

Mr. H. Altenmiiller, Mangalore, Treasurer of the Soc1ety,

and by all the Senior Missionaries at the dlfferent Statlons.

At Bombay Mr. S. E. Warden (of Messrs. Warden & Co.,

Hummum Street), at Madras Messrs. Arbuthnot & Co., and

in Liondon Mr. I. P. Werner, No. 46, New Broad Qtreet, E.C

23

e

have kiudly

undertaken to receive contributions

for our

i

Mission.

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1