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 The fifty-seventh report of the Basel German Evangelical mission in South-Western India for the year 1896, 57 e - 34 i o i€ i ¥ A %23 ¥ s a8 A 2o 5 ! o Lol Ae Rt H&fl A 58 L # e " s Pk 2 A hi¢ o & 4 B 3%, 4-?,35% B 3 i 1 3% 394 53 &b Dac 1% P e LS N12<524391112 021 WU ... e Crrst uchbiirgere §Popiert wUbrn ger e N7 07 B 5 THE e FIFTY-SEVENTH REPORT ' OF THE b BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION 18 20 IN 26 2 31 SOUTH-WESTERN INDIA 44 oR e 50 10 73 19 189‘6 84 90 93 97 Z53 0d 20 MANGALORE PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS 1897 SH : N ',! EJT g“ bA Published in August 1897, The compiler of this Report has not been able, on account of several circumstances, to publish it as early as usual. Our friends are kindly requested to excuse the unavoidable delay. TI] E & FIFTY-SEVENTH REPORT OF THE BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION IN SOU TH-WESTERN INDIA f severl equested FOR THE YEAR 1896 MANGALORE PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS 1897 T T P I A P Tt g D S o o e e R e RIS T A2 1y i S e Bl I T o S =1 ¥ N a3 oI oo (oo (=) e T ——————— Wi European Missionaries of the Basel German Evangelical Mission. Corrected up to the 1st May 1897. [The letter (m) afterthe namessignifies “married”, and the letter (w) ‘“widower” The names of unordained Missionaries are marked with an asterisk.] Date of Name Native Active Station Country Service 1851 Ch. A. E. Diez (w) Germany Kasaragod J. Lauffer (m) do. 1856 Chombala ‘W. Stokes (m) India 1860 Kaity (Coonoor) Th. Digel (m) Germany 1864 Mulki Switzerland 1865 S. Walter (m) Vaniyankulam J. A. Brasche (m) Germany 1869 Udipi W. P.Schonthal (m)* do. 1870 Cannanore do. 1871 Mangalore G. Hirner (m)* G. Grossmann (m) Switzerland 5 1874 Kotageri ;caoo—qcocnm-u,mu J. Baumann (m)* do. 1874 Palghat = R. Schenkel (m) Germany 1874 Merecara do. 1875 W. Liitze (m) Kaity L. Gengnagel (m) do. 1875 Basrur-Kundapur J. B. Veil (m)* do. 1875 Merecara - C. G. Eblen (m) do. 1876 Udipi Switzerland 1876 M. Hoch (m) Mangalore G. Benner (m)* Germany 1877 Guledgudd H. Altenmiiller (m)* do 1878 Mangalore do 1878 J. G. Kithnle (m) Palghat S©®amotm ® o C. D. Warth (m) do 1878 Hubli J. J. Jaus (m) do 1879 Calicut B I. Weismann (m) do 1879 Chombala do 1879 Chr. Keppler (m) Udipi C. W. Dilger (m) do 1880 Tellicherry (Nettur) S i 65 K. Stierlen (m)* do 1880 Mangalore do 1881 do. K. Ernst (m) == J. Fischer (m) do 1881 Anandapur & F. Eisfelder (m) do 1882 Guledgudd P K. Schaal (m) do 1883 Cannanore S do 1883 M. Schaible (m) Mangalore 31 . G. Peter (m) Switzerland 1885 Cannanore 32 . J. Waidelich (m) Germany 1885 Bettigeri-Gadag Shal ol Date of Name Native Active Station Country Service 33 1886 Dharwar ) . 0. Bode (m) Germany 34 . J. Gotz (m) do. 1886 Karkal 13 35 . A. Glattfelder (m)* Switzerland 1886 Mangalore T4 36 do. 1887 do. (b Paul Buchli (m)* 37 F. Rehm (m) Germany 1888 Tellicherry (Nettur) 16 38 R. Bosshardt (m) Switzerland 1888 Codacal 1 39 H. Risch (m) Germany 1888 Bettigeri-Gadag 78 40 do 1888 Calicut Fr. Volz (m)* 19 41 G. Wieland (m) do 1889 Kaity 42 W. Weischedel (m)* do 1889 Mangalore 43 do 1890 do. J. Bucher (m) 44 H.Bretschneider (m)* do 1890 Udipi (Malpe) 80 45 Th. Uber (m) do 1890 Tellicherry 81 46 S. Stamm (m)* Switzerland 1891 Mangalore 82 47 1891 Honavar 8 O. Singer (m) Germany 48 W. Jung (m)* do. 1891 Mangalore 49 F. Boas (m) * do. 1891 Codacal 50 Switzerland 1891 Calicut H. Kessler (m)* 84 51 M. Breidenbach (m) Germany 1892 Udipi 52 Ph. Weidner (m) do. 1892 Kasaragod 8 53 Tr. Lutz Switzerland 1892 Hubli 86 54 J. Béchle 1893 Mulki 81 Germany 55 K. Mayer (m) do. 1893 Guledgudd 88 56 A. Metz do. 1893 Bijapur 89 57 E. Hiller Australia 1894 % 58 Palghat 9 0. Eckelmann (m)* Germany 1894 Codacal 59 P. Borel do 1894 Mangalore 9 60 Ch. Fritz do 1894 Kaity (Coonoor) % 61 do 1894 9 P. Sengle Tellicherry (Nettur) 62 Ch. Gebhardt* do 1894 Calicut 9 63 Tr. Reusch do 1895 Dharwar 9 64 Joh. Knobloch * do 1895 Calicut bl 65 1895 ‘W.Stokes, u. 8., c. ». &p.* India. do. 98 66 Joh. Fahrenberger Germany 1895 Vaniyankulam %9 67 Rob. Schilling Switzerland 1895 Codacal 100 68 . R. Biichner 1896 69 Germany Bijapur . G. Fischer do. 1896 Mulki 70 . F'. Heinecken do. 1896 Hubli 71. A. Schosser do. 1896 Udipi Name Native Date of Active Station Country Service 72.J. Miiller Germany 1896 Karkal 73 H. Wolpert do. 1896 Mercara 4 E. Liithi Switzerland 1896 Basrur-Kundapur 75 H. Kiihner* 1896 Calicut Germany ottur) 76 H. Eidenbenz* Switzerland 1896 Cannanore 77 R. Hohn* Germany 1896 Palghat 0 8 W. Rath do. 1896 9 L. Weber* Bettigeri-Gadag do. 1897 Mangalore Single Ladies. 80 1894 Chombala Mrs. G. Sautter (w) Germany 81 Miss H. Strolin do. 1893 Mangalore 82 Miss M. Krauss do. 1895 do. 83 Miss M. Hanhart Switzerland 1895 Calicut At Home. 84 J. Knobloch (m) Germany 1865 late of Calicut 85 do. 1869 do 86 G. Ritter (m) Mangalore W. Sikemeier (m) Holland 1870 do Kotageri 87 'W. Niibling (m) Germany 1871 do Honavar 88 J. Hermelink (m) do. 1872 do Mangalore 89 do. 1875 do E.Liebendorfer, M.D.(m) Calicut 90 A. Ruhland (m) do. 1876 do Cannanore 91 L. J. Frohnmeyer (m) do. 1876 do Tellicherry 92 Switzerland 1884 do . Bettigeri-Gadag B. Liithi (m) 93 K. Hole (m) Germany 1884 do Vaniyankulam r) 94 D. Berli (m) Switzerland 1885 do Bijapur otlr) 95 F. Huber (m)* do. - 1886 do Mangalore 96. do. 1887 do Merecara J. Sieber (m)* 97. Th. Lutz (m) do. 1887 do Hubli 98. W. Bader (m) Germany 1888 do Cannanore 99. &. Kehrer (m)* do. 1888 do Calicut 100. Ph. Stier (m) do. 1891 do Bijapur Tabular View of Stations, Agents and Churches of the Basel German Evangelical Mission in South-Western India. st JANUARY 1897. Agents of the Mission Native Church European Native Agents New Mission- wn Present Church- aries | Converts Members NAMES % OF N MISSION STATIONS UeLISIIYD URLISTAY)-UON SI0)SBW-[00YOF UOTIBIS B JO ®OIEB oY) S9SSOI)SIW-[00Y9S 9681 Surmp syIg SIUPY TIPIIYD S1UBOTUNWTLO)) g SUOWNY091BD 120k oY} UL POYSIqRISH urgya vorgendod ojewrxorddy SuoI1BI|-1nQ uoayjoIg 8103818 SI10)SBJ 9A1IBN S1S100}8() 3 SISI[0SUBAY sanojaodiop uouo M -o191d J191SBW-[00Y0§ UBIISLIY) 9681 Sunnp sypea( 1. Canara. 1834 297715 11 i L 14 2 b o | 18 40 100 12 1415 2437 19 1. Mangalore 2. Mulki 1845 120000 18 19 388 732 10 1854 126200 317 i 17 30 70 15 969 1879 45 Udipi Karkal 1872 70000 55 104 1876 157768 5 54 121 Basrur-Kundapur 15 é Kasaragod 1886 280660 e R e g s, éz) % MHOoOMmOo OO fl); %) AN O O™ 14 —_—f—— | —— | ————— | ———— | —— E 56 138 56 40 83 210 39 23 293 5411 89 1052343 81 23 < 48 22 771 00 - L AR Iy T NG / - il vl A.]n[nl ‘l! O [ i <> ! e [ O ' ol 68[124\ A borac. i SERa e S~ o LA e . EN -\ : \ioszsas \®a < 29 23 48 : 22 4.0 210 89 28 2987 5411 8¢ \.. ‘_ AM 11. Coorg. 1870 90000 vl 68 124 7. Mercara . . . 1853 88300 0 0 (=R 116 188 8. Anandapur (Am matti) . 312 178300 o«o]o é; [= - E g 184 111. Southern Mahratta. 21 . . . 1887 291300 % 12 85 9. Dharwar 393 . . . . 1839 530550 S ™ 16 22 221 Io0. Hubli . 1841 290000 g 5 28 305 535 IT. Bettigeri-Gadag . 1851 278650 17 37 270 568 12, Guledgudd . 42 . . 1885 457160 20 T3 Bijapur . 1845 319700 AN O N % % é g SO OO0 OO % % g § g % 30- 56 14. Honavar . —_ e |a— | — | —| ——— | ——— A R S R T 29 66 105 931 1806 o o |K3 SO ¥ ANOOo ‘QD 2167360 a0 15 1V. Malabar. . 1841 310940 16 28 28 10 509 927 43 E5. Cannanore . . . . . 18389 195480 19 (= 9 129 11 283 570 14 16. Tellicherry . . 1849 304000 31 21 207 498 20 17 Chombala (Mahé) . . . 1842 340800 16 ol 43 49 59 29 765 1817% 19 18. Calicut . . 1857 562400 i H W S WA 14 47 26 26 630 1244 47 19. Codacal (Edacu lam. St-atn. 1886 445500 % 10 57 85 20. Vaniyankulam (Ottapalam 372150 % % 24 14 33 31 223 442 19 21. Palghat 0 . . s ? 1858 © m\ S O HNO ™ ml <+ o N] 20 9 2531270 ~H e 29 3 i ~<H Lo | I 81 10 H © W #1105 PO 125 169 198 121 2674 5078 V. Nilgiris. 22, . . 1846 60000 21 27 19 19 10 175 329 Kaity . i . . . 1867 16000 i’ 1% % o o 0 10 95 225 23 Kotageri AT [ EOREERnS| PSRN ISR MI0R IR SRR [PRaasian I S A 10 76000 30 35 S o | O 29 23 13 270 554 — 9| = Potal.. .. . j 11 136 32 203 54 E 91 6996 13161 312 =1zl 528 [274 |167 12331 58 137 (e o} 182 54 105 272 6567 347 Total of 1st January 1896 . ek e Es S R e e e | | 488|158 | 51 . . 35 Decrease during 1896 — e e (=] 19 19 429 830 Increase ditto 40 [116 116 Abstract showing the Contributions of the Churches towards their Church Expenses, the Mission and the Poor in 1896. Sunday Offerings Donations Special Regular Offerings & and Offerings Collections and and special Collections Special Church Donations anations Collections for the Collections Stations Donations for Bible Total Contribu- towards towards the for Malabar for local tions Church Mission- towards the Societies Poor-funds Orphanages Widow- Purposes Expenses work fund Rs As <% Rs. As. Rs. A P. Rs. As. ¥ < P, Rs As Rs As Rs. As R, Rs. As <9 8 Mangalore . . 530 362 i1 11 284 i ~H 229 20 11 32 706 2166 13 ° . ° it 14 29 13 10 Jeppu 30 30 10 10 222 13 Bockapatna . . 10 40 2 40 12 © = O E 294 12 167 mfil 11 LA A (e ] R S Oc:t-’ Total. . . 817 15 432 12 11 355 302 14 30 38 hyay 706 2684 Mulki . . . . 100 12 52 16 L) 62 14 12 15 15 276 i Udipi-Malpe . . . . 243 133 39 165 1t 11 23 45 10 661 Karkal . . . 24 25 18 89 13 Basrur-K undapur . 43 27 15 19 o | 15 14 i 9 111 11 ! 40 32 13 21 Kasaragod 11 11 e 22 14 147 Mercara . . . 54 66 61 14 22 20 14 240 12 Anandapur . . 34 O OO 0D e W W, OO © b O SO D 26 ;% 35 D v 10 e = N O b ooc:ojmc:o—toobocom i 5/ i b ol Yo S o N s IR i ~ B e S o T~ T = D= O Q. O I eSS H O O 6 QN O O I O S % NII‘NOHOlOOOI 122 Pt = o B o B s B [ e 1 L ) Lt &k W cL i € o D = > T T $ Aot N Bt 5 17 Al ] 122 3 Amnandapuar -\ 34 ) ol 2 S o emest sEeecg) A Pl b \ skl =1 l‘;l —~——— Dharwar 59 21 12 13 10 11 12 273 12 N 15A8 Hubli ] . ] . . . 132 57 15 32 33 12 16 291 — l Bettigeri-Gad.-Shag. 88 58 I~ 17 51 11 218 11 . 41 i o s Guledgudd . . . 131 13 35 (=} 228 14 18 12 13 | | l l 46 Bijapur . ' . - Honavar-Karwar 1% 15 Py 13 12 62 Cannanore ° . . 430 132 282 107 15 5 ~H 179 1184 12 Ao 2 Tellicherry, Nettur 224 78 2 11 i 217 (=] 240 b | 732 1 Chombala-Mahé . 169 51 11 66 Ao 349 134 48 837 . 644 182 207 448 14 S | 35 20 84 Yod 1642 Calicut -Coilandy €odacal .. . - 404 80 T e 46 o 224 ™ 31 2 84 885 Vaniyankulam . 36 13 e 30 26 12 ::5; 10 9 124 =i % % 2 Palghat . 0 . . 162 45 101 4 309 10 36 255 925 . . « 113 41 46 36 Kaity 18 151 426 Kotageri . . 82 S0P QN s v 0RO 100 Q00 ABPNNLIO . O OO O i == e PR o T el f e B em R e i, (o S RS M R e B o MR oo ) 46 (o e ik Yol o MRS R (o 1 Vel R o S 1 T 0 s BN o7 § 1 (o= Bt o (RS LD Yol oY B o My o WO = P M - PSR U o (0 s) 0 o i oo iR =) S ORGSRl O ) 00 B IO SIAG T O el SIS 32 O e O U0LI.00) BRI O 0 D O % ¥ GO i O IS e DS G~ @O OEIQN D B, O OH OO, 18 6 A N H W O O 1 D O QOO O IO Qi vy S L) 265 g Qe O RO NO O O O 0T 0L © Total. . B 1 (=] 1937 100 222 & P ™ 4069‘ 14 1676l 15‘ 2186‘ g 89‘ 9 391} 18 1903} 14| 11 12478 ] 8’ 3 Total in 1895 o 1512 11| Nel 248 = i 3805l 11 1732] 11‘ 1809{ 0| 85| 12 322| 1 402[ 7] 8 9919| 8] 7 Table of Schools of the Basel German Evangelical Mission. 1897 st JANUARY s s o v T Total of pupils Schools for Christians Schools for under instruction Non- Training and Day Christians Girls Schools Boys Boarding Schools NAMES OF 10 Total MISSION STATIONS s9ssB[) [00Y9S S9SSBT) [00YOS 8[007Og JO IoqUInN SOIIBUIWOg [BOIS0[09 T, ST00Y9g SuruILdf, s[00y0g YSIH pue S[PPIN sofeueydig sdog soSeueydiQ S[I1H sosse[) Adewag qSIH pu® S[PPIN sosse[) Alewiig ySIH pu® S[PPIN SUBHSLLIY) SUBIISTAY)-UON SUBTISTIYD SUBTISTIY)-UON s[00gog juBjul sjooyog Aepung 1. South Canara. v - i * 292 36 12 190 235 504 185 134 1058 o 105 1. Mangalore 0 89 94 246 2. Mulki . ] 187 517 10 SO~ o 314 16 20 250 94 11 22 478 3. Udipi Karkal 12 12 14 112 7E{ 14 112 21 Basru r—Kundapur g oo HOo OO e R o I = R e i e i <) 467 105 433 14 120 572 NOoO oo OQ Kasaragod OCOOOOI OOO’ | 0 O O N WO X - O OO 0O e - 10 - [nd < RQ KR0OK K9 12151 295 B2 11907 424 294 2478 o a 140 LT 6009”9'. 5 = s Mercara el oo b6 o o~ |t i 47 e | =5 2 49 = = 65 G O O A8 A 4 A Ao & *x 4 < Lol B P53 -~ S S. ASasrur-iS.anaapuac K asaragod < 467 105 5 433 3 4 120 572 o (o] 5 B 2|20 ‘;) B 5 s U Wt Bl 205 563 Sl 1197 424 294 L 2478 e S ¥ \ | 62 40 11. Coorg. . . 18 47 49 65 (=) 7. Mercara 26 18 13 26 8. Anandapur (Ammattl) : l é OOIO z oolo OO’O OO'O § § 44 47 18 49 21 (Z; 91 111. Southern Mahratia . e 5 24 63 199 16 253 69 343 60 9. Dharwar . . . 87 114 36 133 32~ 201 40 10. Hubli . . . . . (] SO W 100 S OB 49 110 110 114 16 240 62 El, Bettigeri-Gadag 36 82 25 77 16 118 102 12, ruledgudd . 135 1238 135 I3 Bijapur . . 32 29 3 5] & 14 Honavar . . % 0001 i OOOI &S oo oo e OOOOOO[O [ ] [ae) 10D 100 ZE; 196 g 53 ;:3)) 197 729 136 % 1069 OCOOOOIO 264 1V. Malabar 21 119 138 94 22 373 o 110 Lo Cannanore . . 175 35 142 19 392 40 110 7384 134 16. Tellicherry . . - <t O s (el =) © S © 98 22 383 148 271 141 23 475 (=) 52 11 17 Chombala (Mahé) . 45 10 56 186 116 40 474 81 786 @ 100 18 Calicut 3 . 176 31 373 06 136 95 169 475 60 I9 Codacal (Edaculam Qtatn ) (e o} S o oo 166 205 14 209 92 14 166 15 20. Vaniyankulam (Ottapalam) 125 41 143 53 21, Palghat . e . . . :E’E 61 177 70 47 209 44 308 D’COL“CQV‘ oooool ___é_ OOOOOl l S o | ~t i © < @ Yool 107 732 103 1591 616 48 1796 510 263 3317 179 411 Pt S V. Nilgiris 160 (o} Kaity . . 10 33 49 17 526 30 73 549 11 43 676 . . QT 20 35 11 133 23 147 25 4 199 0 0 cn Kotageri . A _'(7)_ s ol daail 20 84 28 659 30 96 696 36 47 875 0 160 32 10 33 S S S——— 243 1861 186 7830 975 Total. . . 136 31 '150\243 3944 j 1140 1622 | 4467 1127 ‘ 614 241| | e —— 7836 240 \ 1071 Total of 1stJanuary 1896 . 139 30 |21 |120/232|224 1830 140 3803 | 1183 1648 | 4433 1179 | 5 | ¥ 5 @irls. T Girls. 12 — Detailed Table of Stations, Out~Stations 01 and Agents, 1st January 1897. 2.1 Stations Native Agents:— and European Agents Pastors, Catechists Out-Stations and Headmasters Ka Hadik Santu 1. Mangalore a. Pastoral a. Engaged in Pastoral and Balmatha, Evangelistic Work Tchil Rev. G. Ritter, 7z charge Madikerigudde, of station, Chairman of Rev. Sebastian Furtado, Nireshwalya, the District Committee Padu; Fastor, Feppu 1 Jeppu, Rev. P. Borel, 74. Rev. Samuel Andrea, Bockapatna, Urva, Fastor, Balmatha utya b. Educational Nind Bolur, Kudroli Rev. M. Hoch, Rev. Jared Soens, Theolog. Fastor, Bockapalna Out-Stations:: Secr. Genl. Com. Sems- nary Cat. Solomon Bangera, » 0 Bolma, Rev. J. Hermelink } Cat. Mark Salis, Ni Ullal, Rev. J. Bucher, Higl Madikerigudde Kape Bantwal, School Kutti » DBenjamin Ananda, Puttur. Miss H. = Strolin, Giris’ itinerancy Parkaf] Training Schoold » Christananda Salis, , Shep Miss M. Krauss, Ev. Gabriel Bangera, Puttur Brakmin Giris’ School Nl Cat. William Fernandez, , Udjay Gudde ¢. Mercantile ” G. Premaya, Bolma ” Lewis Fernandez, Sty Bo Mr. H. Altenmiiller, Gezd. Bantwal Kaflup Agent & Treasurer P Maday ” P. Buchli, M. M.-Br. |y, Educational Work b Cat. Chr. Watsa, Theolog. d. Industrial Manager | Semi- faly Mr. J. Veil, M. M.-Br. ” Ch. Maben I nary 41] ” G. Hirner, Press S, Karat) ” High 0 S. Stamm, Book Depot. J. Rajiva, ” F. Stierlen, Weav.Es¢. ” } School S. B. Soens, Kand: ” W. Weischedel, » P& Shivi Balmatha Mechanicad Works Girls’ School » W. Jung, Kudroli Tile-Works fung A. Glattfelder, Feppu Tile-Works 13 Stations Native Agents:— and European Agents Pastors, Catechists Out-Stations and Headmasters 2. Mulki Rev. Th. Digel, én charge of | Cat. Obed Sumitra, Muiki Out-Stations. station and Orphanage 7 E. Karat, Uckila Karnad, Hadike, Ulya, Rev. J. Bichle, owuz-stations, » Abraham Heri, Senizur » Aaron Furtado, Zedur Santur, Bolettu, schools and itin. ant Balegundi, J. Aarons, Munderu Uchila, Yermal, Rev. G. Fischer, stud. Tubu Mullur, n Joseph Sunita, Aedike 0y Padur, Perrur, Kalatur, » Karandad, J. Vedamuttu, ](’ut}‘/ar thpu Madumbu, Kutyar, Kalatur, 1atho Munderu, Kodetur. Qi 3. Udipi Rev. J.A.Brasche, Christiar Rev. Daniel Aaron, /. Out-Stations - High Schood, Orphanage n Charles Gojar, Nidambur, Bailur, Pastor, Malpe Kapettu, Kadekar, and Training School, Dist. Kuttipadi, Amalpadi, Insp. of Schools » Immanuel Furtado, rfl,.’."d ¢ Madambail Parkala, Badegottu, Perala, Parika, Rev. Ch. Keppler, stazion Cat. Joseph Kairanna, Y Kilenja, and out-siations Udipi Church ) Shepura, » Malpe, Urdubittalu, Winf. Mipha nie Rev. Ch. Eblen, i%nr. and St. Jatanna hr. High Udyavara, Bolja, out-stations School Ty 9 Gudde, Kap, Mandodi, ” Fr. Jatanna Shirva, Pallji, Ninjur, e Rev. M. Breidenbach, » N. Vira, Gudde Bolle, Kudigrama, Ebenezer Clare, Furkala Ly Kattupadi, Koppala, out-stations and ilinerancy fud Possar, Ambadi, G. Bangera, Aattupadi Rev. A. Schosser, s¢ud. Tulu Madambail, Kurkal, ” M. Jayanta, Aalyanapur Kalanja, Bijantla, Mr. H. Bretschneider, 7 Joshua Soens, Skirve Marane, Kalyanapur, Uppur, Tide-Works, Malpe N. Suchitta, Udyavare 0lode Bolmar, Amunja T. Ammanna, Skepura ol oy 4, Karkal Rev. J. Gotz, in ckharge of Cat. Samuel Sumitra, Oui-Stations - station, itin. N. Churck and itin. igh Attur, Mudar, Rev. J. Miiller, szud. Tuln b2 Joseph Bhagyan, /. Nandolige, Hekkadka, fool Mudabedra the 5. Basrur Rev. L. Gengnagel, Evang. Tim. Furtado, 2. ghool Out-Stations : in charge of station and Cat. Immanuel Soens, N. Church, Basrur, i¢in. Kundapur, HKailkeri, out-stations, itin. Barkur ” Daniel Andrea, Rev. E. Liithi, studying Kundapur Church,itin. Canarese, itin. » W. Heri, Barkur, itin. Assist. Cat. Ch. Manjaru, Kailkeri, itin. 14 A e Stations Native-Agents :— and European Agents Pastors, Catechists Out-Stations and Headmasters O — 6. Kasaragod Rev. E. Diez, in charge of | Cat. Gottlieb Maben, 12. ( N. Church and Schools Oui-Stations : station, ilin. ” Nathan Kundara, #Z7. O Ravaneshvara, ” Jesudasa Melottu, 7Zz. Parv: Hosadurga, Bekal, Rev. Ph. Weidner, Z¢n. Mara Israel Eliezer, Kumbla, Bela, Manjeshvara School Ko Bangaramanjeshvara, » W. Amos Kundars, gu Hosabetta-Manjeshvara Kumbla School My Halke Mathias Jeremias, éZzz. Ravaneshvara N. Ch. Mgh n Gerson Soens, Hosadurga 13, N. Church and School George Fernandez, Hosadurga, itin. 7. Mercara Rev. R. Schenkel, 7z ciarge Cat. Gabriel Almanda, Z#7. Oui-Station . of station, itin. ” Paul Soens, Z¢z. 14 Satyanatha Sumanta, Fraserpet Mr. J. Sieber, M. M.-Br. Alikatte school and itin. Rev. Ch. Fritz, stzud. Canar. Alikatte, Asst. Cat. Lewis Salins, Chembu Rev. H. Wolpert , ” Colporteur 15 8. Anandapur Rev. J. Fischer, &z charge Cat. Samuel Furtado, N. Church and itin. of station, itin. ” Nathanael Shatananda, ztin. (hoy 9. Dharwar Rev. O. Bode, #n charge of Cat. Sol. Ramthal, M. Ck. Ra ” Bhagya Alada, izzn. station, Native Ch., itin. Asst. Cat. R. Hittalamane Rev Tr. Reusch, High Mr. Alex. Jaganadhan, B. A., School, stud. Canarese Mr. G. Sautter, on sick-deave Headmaster, High Schood 18 Rev. S. Devada, N. Churcl 10. Hubli Rev. Ch. D. Warth, i» charge of station, itin. Cat. Devadana, Unakaliu Out-Stations . ” Daniel Patti, itin. Ne Rev. Tr. Lutz, #n. Ky Unakallu, Hebsur Rev. Fr. Heinecken, szud. n Zach. Kanaka, » Asst. Cat. Obed Gundi, , Canarese 7 ” I. Aralikatte, Bible Colp. 11. Bettigeri- Rev. J. Waidelich, iz charge Cat. St. Mathapati, M. Cz. of station, itin. ” Devaputra Hebbali, Gadag Frep. School Out-Stations . Rev. H. Risch, Z7aining & 12772, Preparatory Sch., Orphan- ” Channa Halli, ” David Jesudasa, Skagoti Shagoti, age, Distr. Insp. of Schools, Asst. Cat. Dana Gouda, 747. Malasamudra Shagoti Rev. W. Rath, stud. Can. B 15 Stations Native Agents:— S and European Agents Pastors, Catechists, Out-Stations and Headmasters chools 12. Guledgudd Rev. F. Eisfelder, ¢z charge Cat. Israel Dalabhanjana, Out-Stations . of station and some out-st., N. Church, itin. il Chairman of the District i, Parvati, Padinakatte, Commitiee » Sol. Jogula, Autkinaralii Murudi, Hatkinahalli, » Joh. Prabhakar, izix. Sehool Kotanhalli, Lada- Rev. K. Mayer, owut-stations » Jos. Dalabhanjana, gundi, Nagarhalli, and ilin. ) Mullur, Asangi, Mushtigeri Sehaol Halkurki, Adugallu, Mr. J. Benner, secubar Asst. Cat. D.Nayaka, 7. it Mushtigeri affairs n ” H. Challa, Halk. [ Ch durge 13. Bijapur Rev . A. Metz, 7n charge of Cat. St. Sagari ilin. station and itinerancy Sehoo! Asst. Cat. M. Suvarna ” Rev . R. Bichner, szzd. Carn. , 1t ” ” Sat. Basutkar , _— | i Rev 14. Honavar . O. Singer, 7z charge Cat. Jacob Upranna, ilin. 18 Out-Stations : of station, itin. ” D. Santvana, 4 it » Anilgodu, Ev. S. Bunyan, Azrwar, » 5, Harwar 148 g 15. Cannanore Rev ‘W. Bader, in charge Rev. St. Chandran, Zas?. Ch. of station Cat. Tim. Parakandi, V. C4. it Out-Stations - Mr. W. P. Schonthal, Weav- » P.Sneham, Chowa, itin. flnday Chowa, Chirakal, ing FEstablishment » Ph.Mackadan, 7°alip. izin. it Taliparambu, , Isaac Amattil, Z47. — Ramentalli Rev. T. Fahrenberger, Ch studying Mal. Asst, Cat. Elias Nambi, i Chirvakal, itin. Mr. H. Eidenbenz, n jane » " Ebenezer Bethel, Cannanore, ilin. Bidy Sohook Cat. Stephan Kallat, Nettur — 16. Tellicherry Rev. C.W. Dilger, iz charge Out-Stations . of station, Theodog. Semin., N. Church & T'r. School jurch Training School, District ” Henry Roberts, Christ. Nettur, Anjarkandy, Il Insp. of Schools High School il Kuttuparambu ” George Peter, 7eologi- Rev. P. Sengle, 7/eological Seminary, studying Mal. cal Seminary Iy # Ch. Hermon, Zedlicherry Rev. F. Rehm, Ckristian N. Church and Schools ] High School ” Anthony Valiatingara, Anjarkandy, itin. vcfi Rev. Th. Uber, Farsi High 1y School , Abel Kuttuparambu, 747. Asst. Cat, J. Murkottan, shotl Dharmatam, itin. i Mr. Jos. Muliyil, B. A., Head- vlyl dgflfl‘ master, Chr. High Sch. ! it Mr. Itti Joseph, B. A., /ead- master, Training School 16 Stations Native Agents:— and European Agents Pastors, Catechists, 0 Out-Stations and Headmasters 17. Chombala- Rev. 20 Imm. Weismann, Ev. John Zacharias, . Mahe in charge of station, | Cat. Gabriel Pirachan, 7. 0 Out-Stations - Orphanage, Schools ” Henry Menzel, Chomb. N. Church Mahé, Kandappen- kundu, Wadagara, Rey. J. Lauffer; 27z, ” Tobias Chembenkodan, Mailxi Maké Church and Schools Ott Muverattu, Perampara, ” Tolpatti, Joseph Taddai, Payoli, Meladi, Weadagara, itin. Karakadu ” Noah Benjamin, Muverattn, itin. n St. Chattotu, 7. Asst. Cat. P. Karunagaran, Lerampara, itin. Wadi; Rev. J.Knobloch, 772 charge | Rev. Jonas Padiath, Pzstor, 18. Ca,lileut of station, schools, Fres. N. Church Out-Stations . Gen. Committee | By, Ashamayan Tumaran, Qoilandy, Pudiarakal, Rev. J. J. Jaus, Coilandy itin. Central Malabar Pudiangadi, and itin. | Cat, B, Ponon, N. Crurch, — Collam, Korapura Mr. Joh.Knobloch, ZighSch. Pudiarakal. 2 Mr. W. Stokes, . B., ( Medical Mission N. Edapalan, inerancy Jos. Mandodi, Coilandy nor Mr. Fr. Volz, Weaving Est. N. Church and itin. Hu " G. Kehrer, /nd. Agency 0 Sol. Mackaden, ##7. ” H. Kessler, M. M.-B. ” Fr, Nambi, Zzgh School 'l'ume; ” Ch. Gebhardt, 7.-Works | Asst. Cat. A. Pavamani, ) ”n H. Kiihner, . M.-B. Medical Mission Kate: Miss M. Hanhart, Medical ” » L. Pawamani, zz#. Mission | Mr. G. Zacharias, B. A., May Headmaster, High Sch. Ky 19. Codacal | Rev. R. Bosshardt, 7z c4arge | Rev. Nath. Arukandan, Out-Stations : of station, out-stations and Fastor, N. Church Dy Paraperi, Ponani, itinerancy | Cat. C., Arunachalan, Zurap. 8 Pallat, Malapuram, Mr. O. Eckelmann, Furaperi N. Church Manjeri, Tritala, Orphanage and Secular ” Isaac Laban, Cod. itin. Kuttipuram, Agent ”n Paul Selvan, n ”n 8, Chaawghat, Mr. ¥. Boas, Zile-Works " Devapriyan Amengara, Nilampur, Tonani, itin. Kog Andatodu, Rev. R. Schilling, stzdying Ta Malayalam " Is.Chowalur, Man;. itin. Chittatakara, 7} Devasahayam Mandodi, Chalasheri. Chittatakara n L. Napalli, Chala. itin. Beré Asst. Cat. Ch. Kotavalapil, Frellat. 17 ———el Stations Native Agents:— and Exiropeé.n Agents Pastors, Catechists Out-Stations and Headmasters 72 20. Vaniyan- Rev. S. Walter, in ckarge of | Cat. Abra. Afungadan, itin. kulam station, itin., Chatrman of i the District Commiittee ” Abia Edapalan, Out-Stations : Angadipuram, . Angadipuram, Rev. E. Hiller, Sckools urch ” Bethuel Poyayil, ” Malattur, Shoranur, dan, Panamanna, " St. Parakandi, » haols Ottapalam, Tirikatiri ihim 21. Palghat Rev. J. G. Kihnle, iZn. Ev. Sam. Ambattu, 7#7. Out-Stations - Cat. Lazar Kallat, V. Church ihin, Rev. K. Schaal, iz ciarge Olavakkode, n J. Amengaran, Melpar. of station and schools N. Church Melparambn, 1A, Wadackencherry, Noah Benjamin, ##7. it Mr. Jakob Baurfiann, e Panayur Tibe- Works Alphai Kallan, n 5107, ” David Thomas, n urch R. Hohn, Stud. Mad. n ” Zacharias Pilakaden, i, Wadackencherry Jahar reh, 22. Kaity Rev. K. Ernst, in charge | Cat. Isaiah Shanta, hal. Oui-Stations : of station, Training N. Church, itin. vy Coonoor, School, Orphanage ” Lemuel Soens, Caz. Sck. iy Hulikal, Nerkambe, i Chogatore, N Elisa Daniel, Rev. G. Wieland, raining 2 Avalanche, schools and itin. School and Orphanage Tuneri, Kerehada, shoo) n Nellakotta, K. Satyahathan, Hulikal 11, Achinakallu, Rev. William Stokes, and Cooly Mission s5iot Coonoor, itin. Kateri, Adhikarhatti, it Manihatti, Hosahatti, Asst. Cat. Isaiah Konga, Kerehada, itin. Horanhalli, :’ Seh Kullakambe, Kilar, b St. Muthuswami, Tummanhatti, Coonoor. Dawani, Manjoor, :Lilf’dl' Sailas, Yedekadu, jrop: Denale urch fHi 23. Kotageri Rev. G. Grossmann, Rev. Jacob Kanaka, Out-Stations - in charge of station and Fustor, Native Church, Kodanad, Konakore, igfl,rac Orphanage, itin. Schools, 12irn. i Jakanare, Denad, Milidenu, Cat. Henry Kodot, 7. i ” Salathiel Soens, Kanerimukh, tdOdL Bergani, Gundhada, Denad, itin. it Horasole Asst. Cat. Chr. Ajja, itirn. it lapfls ot (<4] Th e fyi wh by fes Report. th — AN A thy giv %N the sixth chapter of the Book of Revelation the Lord huf Jesus Christ is represented as sitting on a white horse, Wa with a crown on his head, going forth “conquering and to £al conquer.” His is the kingdom, and the evangelisation of the world is emphatically His work: the very work He has been Ing doing ever since His ascension to the right hand of the Father, hay by sending and inspiring His ambassadors to carry the Th gospel to those that have not yet heard it, and by opening g door after door to spread His kingdom among all the nations (0] of the earth. And wherever He comes with the message of i) salvation, there He conquers and is to conquer. His march the through the world is an uninterrupted series of victories, and 8y the time may not be very distant, when ¢in the name of Jesus i every knee will bow, and every tongue confess that He is 1 the Lord, to the glory of God the Father” (Phil. 11, 10. 11). e But what are the weapons He makes use of to conquer ll]g the world? It is the simple gospel message, borne witness to he as the saving truth by the Holy Spirit working in the hearts Day of the hearers, and confirmed as such by the blessed ex- Jih perience of believers. But although the Word is the chief Wwh means in the hands of Jesus for establishing His kingdom thy among mankind, yet there are other auxiliary agencies too (L that He avails himself of, in order to prepare both single 08g men and ‘whole nations, for the acceptance of His yoke. gy 19 s e These agencies we find represented in the other three horses, mentioned in Rev. v1. as following the white horse and signi- fying war, famine, and death. These terrible plagues, by which mankind is visited from time to time, we are taught by the Book of Revelation to look upon not only as mani- festations of divine justice, but also as powerful agencies in the hands of the Lord Jesus Christ for the evangelisation of the world. All power in heaven and on earth having been given unto Him, there is no event in the history of the world, ord but must, in His almighty and wise dispensation, in some I8e, way or other, serve to the establishment of His kingdom upon dto earth. The past year will ever be memorable in the history of the heen India for the dire visitations of famine and plague, which }heri have done such horrible havoc in vast districts of the country. the The provinces, in which our Mission is working, have also ning more or less had their share of anxiety and sufferings in connection with these calamities. The Southern Mahratta 1008 country more especially, although graciously preserved from {4 of arch the spread of the plague, has for the last nine months been severely suffering from dearth, from failure of the crops and and 6518 scarcity of food and labour. Now, if we view these calamities in the light cast upon them by the Book of Revelation, may Te 18 we say that they have borne some fruit in the way of prepar- l) quer ing men’s hearts for the acceptance of the King of Glory? To be sure, as far as our reports are concerned, there are no g5 10 oats particular signs forthcoming as yet to show, that the suffering | e people are prepared to “know, in this their day, the things which belong to their peace”. On the contrary, it appears ohief that they have not yet “known the time of their visitation” gdom (Luke x1x, 42. 44). Yet we are convinced the Lord will not N t00 cease to visit the people of this land again and again, in ingle mercy and in wrath, by wind, earthquake, and fire”, and also yoke. 3* 20 e by «a still small voice” (1 Kings X1x, 11. 12), until He has ha conquered. al In reviewing the work of our Mission in the past year, we b intend to record only the chief events, such as are cha- Wi racteristic of the work done, or the results achieved, or the ot experiences gained in each of our Districts. We feel unable this year again to give such a comprehensive and systematic report on each of the different branches of our work, as we did last year, and would ask our friends kindly to keep this § in mind, if some branch or other should not be specially th mentioned in this report. b We begin with Wi k I | Statistical Remarks. i 1 European Workers. We commenced the year 1896 with al 133 European Missionaries, 75 brethren and 58 sisters, on h: our rolls. Out of these 14 left our ranks within the course of the year, but they were replaced by no less than 20 new arrivals, so that we numbered 139 workers, viz. 82 brethren W and 57 sisters, at the end of the year. Among those who 01 left us for some time to recruit their health, there are Myr. and j Mrs. Sikemeier of Kotageri, Mr. and Mrs. Huber of Mangalore, Mr. and Mrs. Nibling of Honavar, Myr. and Mrs. Berl: a of Bijapur, and Mr. and Mrs. Lutz of Hubli; all of these sailed for home in the early part of the year. They were C followed towards the end of the year by Mr. and Mrs. C Stier of Bijapur. One brother, Mr. Nagel, late of Cannanore f and Vaniyankulam, severed his connection with our Mission of his own accord. We have also to record the removal from our midst by death of a sister and a brother. Mrs. Brasche, late of Udipi, b who ever since her return to this country in December 1894, 21 e 138 had been ailing, fell asleep in the Lord on the 21st June 1896; and Mr. Sautter of Mangalore, who by the delicate state of e his health was obliged to resort to Dharwar in October 1895, 14 was after a protracted illness of severe sufferings called to his he eternal rest on the 3rd January 1897. In this connection ble Mys. Ziegler, late of Dharwar, may also be mentioned; she flo had gone home with her husband towards the end of 1895, we but the Lord hastened to take her to the heavenly home, only his a few months after her departure from India; she departed Iy this life on the 19th April 1896. As for new arrivals we were specially glad to welcome back among us brethren, who returned from their furlough with new vigour and strength, to resume the work well known to them. The aged Mr. and Mrs. Walter returned to their old sphere of work at Vaniyankulam in Malabar; Mr. th and Mrs. Grossmann, formerly labouring in South Mahratta, on had to take charge of Kotageri on the Nilgiri Hills, and 56 My. Benner, late of Calicut, who came out alone leaving his wife in Germany, was appointed to Guledgudd for secular ev el work. TUnusually large is the number of young missionaries our Home Committee was able to send out to the Indian ho nd Mission-field last year; there are no less than 14 young men [ and 3 young ladies. Out of these Messrs. Schosser, Fischer, and Miiller were appointed to the Tulu District; Messrs. tl? 500 Heinecken, Biichner, Rath, E. Liithe, and Wolpert to our e Canarese Missions in South Mahratta, North Canara, and Coorg respectively; and Messrs. Kiihner, Hohn, and FEidenbenz (b I to our Industrial Establishments in Malabar. Miss Bz’ckel;’é was married to Mr. Kessler, Miss Zluhan to Mr. Boas, and 01 Miss Zahn to Mr. Mayer. by There are some departures and reinforcements and even bereavements, which fall into the new year; yet we desire to ol )4 mention them here, in order to bring our statistical remarks 22 — up to date. In the first three or four months of this year the following Missionaries sailed for Europe to recruit their e health: Mr. and Mrs. Kehrer of Calicut; Mr.and Mrs. Sieber of by Mercara; Mr. and Mrs. Ritter and Mr. and Mrs, Hermelink, 0n both of Mangalore; Mr. and Mrs. Bader of Cannanore, and ta last, though not least, the venerable Myr. Knobloch, late of P Calicut and Tellicherry. Most of these, we trust, will be i able ere long to return to duty, but as to Mr. Kunobloch, we fo are sorry to lose his services for good. Two years ago he f0 came out alone at the special request of our Home Committee, du to take charge of the Calicut Station and also of the respon- br sible office of Chairman of our Indian Mission. His work o among us during the last two years was remarkably blessed, and there are many among Indians and Europeans, to whom i he has endeared himself by the spirit of sincere love, kind- st ness, and wisdom, with which he discharged his duties.—On il the other hand our ranks were reinforced by the return in I the beginning of this year to their former field of labour, to of Mr. and Mrs. Peter of Cannanore, Mr. and Mrs. Liitze at of Kaity, and My. and Mrs. Schaible of Mangalore. Mr. Ig Weber also arrived early this year, to join the Industrial T and Mercantile Branch of our work at Mangalore. L Quite recently we were deeply grieved by three cases of 10 death occurring in our circle within the short period of one qQ month, two of them in the very same station, wiz. of Mys. ch Altenmiiller 'of Mangalore on May 10; of Mr. Hohn, a young fo lay-missionary, who had come out only a few months before, -+ 0y at Palghat, on May 21; and of Mys. Erust, who had just been transferred from Kaity to Mangalore, on June 6.* of al *We take this opportunity to give expression to our sense of sincere ! gratitude for the kind and in many cases gratuitous help received at the 8 hands of our medical friends and advisers on different stations. They are too th numerous for us to specially mention all their names. of Mttt n s B g 23 ol 9. Native Workers. As regards our staff of native workers, o1l we are sorry to state that the number of our Pastors decreased of by one, Mr. D. Fernandez, late of Mulki, having been pensioned k, on account of old age. Preparatory steps, however, were nd taken in the course of the year to set apart for ordination as of Pastors three Catechists of the Tulu District and as many of be Malabar, all of whom are men, who for their faithful service, e for their spiritual ripeness and pastoral experience, appear he to be worthy of being entrusted with the holy and responsible 8, duties of the ministry. The actual ordination of these )i brethren does not, however, fall within the scope of this \rk report, as it took place in the early part of the new year. d, Five men were admitted to the ranks of the Catechists. il Three of them have passed through the regular course of in- I struction in our Theological Seminaries at Tellicherry and )n Mangalore respectively; the other two are converts from 10 heathenism, Glad as we are because of these new admissions Il to the service, we feel on the other hand exceedingly grieved % at the serious losses our work sustained last year by death, resignation, and suspension of some of our fellow-workers. al Two able and zealous Catechists, Mr. Bethuel Soens, itinerary preacher at Puttur, South Canara, and Mr. David Subba Rao, of in charge of educational and pastoral work at Dharwar, were Three Cate- ne quite unexpectedly called away from our midst. /$ chists resigned the service of their own choice, and one had When we think of g to be suspended for a grievous offence. 0, our brethren, scattered, as they are, all over the country and 60 often stationed in lonely places, with their peculiar difficulties and temptations, their trials and discouragements, we feel specially impressed with the necessity of the Holy Ghost 10 sanctifying and spiritually strengthening them, so that they he themselves may be preserved from evil and also be a source 00 of blessing to others. 24 G 10t Our staff of Christian Schoolmasters has again increased by 21, whilst the number of schools has fallen from 139 in € 1895 to 136 in 1896, and the total of pupils under instruction e EX( has almost remained the same (7830 as against 7836). On the other hand, there are also 6 non-christian teachers more hay on our list than in 1895. These figures testify, we believe, to i the increased efficiency of our schools. The majority of our (e Christian Schoolmasters are, of course, of the Primary or th Lower Socondary Grades and have been trained either in one ful of our Mission Training Schools or in Government institutions. ba Stipends in the form of loans without interest are granted to the promising young men, with a view to enable them to qualify for University Examinations and serve the Mission as teachers in one of our High Schools. There can be no doubt as to the valuable services Christian graduates may render to the cause of Christ as headmasters in Mission High Schools and in other capacities, but it is, we believe, not quite out of place to emphasize, that, what we really need for our Mission High Schools is not only Christian graduates well equipped with every kind of secular knowledge, but graduates, truly con- W i) verted and spiritually minded, who, in addition to their educational qualifications, are constrained by the love of la Christ to count as loss things which in other respects would i he be gain to them, in order to win souls for Christ. (Phil. 11, 7. 8.) 3. Numerical strength of our Church, The ingathering of 0l hy souls graciously vouchsafed to us during the last year in || the form of baptisms of converts from heathenism, gives us much reason for thankfulness. The number is greater than tl th in any year since 1891, when the barren land of Malabar began to turn into a fertile harvest-field. To the 441 souls We admitted last year to the Church of Christ by holy baptism, LU\ Malabar has again the privilege of contributing the greatest number (namely 319). The other districts, however, although (] Lef _25 ol not so richly blessed as their sister, have not entirely gone 1 empty away. On the contrary we are surprised to see, and i} desire to state it thankfully, that all our Districts without an h exception have been granted the joy of witnessing some few 6 baptisms at least, and even some of those stations that for 0 many years have been under the repute of being barren ur (e. g. Honavar), were permitted to receive some souls into or the fold of the Church. Besides, the year closed very hope- fully with 312 catechumens on our rolls. The number of né 1§ baptisms and catechumens is distributed over our Districts in t0 the following order: Baptisms. Catechumens, fy Malabar 319 202 ! South Canara 62 89 0 36 he Nilgiris South Mahratta 14 ' 1 10 ) Coorg e (e Total . . 448 812 3 A comparison of the present strength of our Churches I with that of 1895 will show that the total of the Christian )i community has risen from 12331 to 13161. The unusually I large increment thus gained, of 830 souls altogether, is no of doubt chiefly owing to the rich ingathering of souls from Id heathenism (441), but it is also due to excess of births among ) our Christians over deaths, amounting to 237. Besides, there of has been, as usual, a good deal of shifting among our church- 1 members, but this year the total of those who have come to 8 the different stations (1815) exceeds by 200 the number of ol those that have left (115),—a somewhat strange result which al we are not able fully to account for.* On the other hand the 18 * Probably it is due to the fact that, in compliance with a recent order of 0, our Home Committee, the foreign Missionaries with their families were also b counted among the church-members, which was not done in our former returns. ol 4 26 — 0 excommunications, amounting to 99, by far outnumber the re-admissions to church-fellowship, amounting to 51. The I § greatest number of excommunications (61 in all) falls to the South Canara District and is the consequence of a most melancholy event, an account of which will be given in € chapter II. M IL The District of South Canara. 1 General remarks on the condition of the Mission. The fi 80 general aspect and the prospects of our Mission in South Canara have not muaterially changed from what they were d last year. Although in one respect or another some slight al progress may be noticeable, the general features of the situ- of ation are the same and may be described as lack of spiritual 3 life, connected with serious defects and lamentable disorders in some of our Churches on the one hand, and depressing f indolence towards the gospel among the heathen population on the other. Not that we have been without encouragements. I Instances are not wanting, which testify to the power of the Word bringing sinners to repentance, sanctifying and streng- Vi { thening the believer and comforting the mourning and the dying; and there are not a few earnest Christians living a consistent Christian life. i Nor should we like to leave un- mentioned the good-will manifested by the Christians at tf d Mangalore on the occasion of the expensive repair of our it spacious church in Balmatha, when they, in spite of the o scanty means at their disposal, contributed a sum of about Rs. 600. 8 Yet what we have still cause to deeply lament is, by that peace has not yet been restored in the Mangalore Church U in spite of earnest attempts made in this direction. We are il also sorry to see that sins and offences are not unfrequently 0y committed without being brought to light by those who know il a7 he of them, and it grieves us to observe that a spirit of dis- he respect and worldly-mindedness is gradually taking hold of e some of our Christian youths. g 9. -Secession of a number of Christians. The most painful i} event, however, affecting chiefly the stations, Mangalore, Mulki, and Udipi, is the secession from their mother-church of a number of dissatisfied and excommunicated Christians. In our last 'report mention was made of some unruly Christians at Mulki, who refused to submit to church-discipline and had there- fore to be excommunicated, and we added, that we were exceedingly he These th sorry to say, that they had not yet repented (see page 46). men made common cause with another Christian under church- It discipline, and went so far as to even try to disturb divine service bt at a time when the congregation had met for the celebration it of the Lord’s Supper. They were enjoined to apologize within an al But all the appointed time, or they would be excommunicated. 1§ measures used to bring them to their senses were of no effect. Now I3 there were some other dissatisfied Christians at Gudde near Udipi, who joined those excommunicated persons, and together with the on 3 latter formally separated themselves from the Basel Mission, forming e what they called the “Free Church of South Canara”, with a view, however, by and by to join the Church of England. Ae- 5 cordingly a petition was tendered by them to the Lord Bishop of he Madras, requesting His Lordship to receive them into the fold of the Church of England. Strangely enough, they pleaded to be, with i their families, in a most miserable spiritual plight, as they had been at deprived of the means of grace for months, whilst, as a matter of ur fact, the majority of them had been attending our services until he lately, and their children also received religious instruection in our ub schools and churches, as usual. His Lordship, in a spirit of sincere benevolence and Christian comity, was kind enough to forward the 15 i petition of these men to us for a reply, and assured us that he would not give any encouragement to Christians of our Mission to come 16 over to the Church of England, if we had anything serious against Iy them, In our reply to His Lordship we felt constrained not only 1\t 4% e 28 to give a short sketch of the secession from its #ery beginnings, Sia ind frankly pointing out its utterly impure motives, but also to invite His Lordship’s attention to the most serious consequences, which wit would necessarily follow, if the petition were granted. In that ag case, we are afraid, not only the relations of good-will, that have e hitherto existed between the Church of England and our Mission, is, would seriously be disturbed, but there would also be the danger des of order and discipline being undermined in our Church, and the jut th fire of never-ending dissensions and disputes would be kindled in the very heart of Christian families and homes, which till now pr enjoyed the blessings of harmony and peace. His Lordship has not On yet replied. It is our earnest desire that the case may be decided beg in a spirit of Christian love and missionary comity. ¢la for 3. Attitude of the heathen population in the Tulu District. It is not surprising that owing to the unsatisfactory condition qu 108 of our Churches in South Canara at the present time, they ) do not exercise that attraction on the surrounding heathen population, which, under normal circumstances, they ohght wh to do, and it is but a consequence of this deplorable fact, the that the number of baptisms in the District was very small last year, considering the number of stations and the amount 1§ | of labour done. Altogether 39 adults and 23 children were Ka 0f baptized. Of these 20 persons belong to Mangalore, 13 to Mulki, 26 to Udipi, 2 to Karkal and 1 to Basrur; only Ty Kasaragod witnessed no baptism. Besides there were 89 cate- pr Cor chumens enrolled at the end of the year, of whom 19 belong to Mangalore, 10 to Mulki, 45 to Udipi, and 15 to Kasaragod. Gar The following remarks of Mr. Keppler at Udipi on the the attitude of the heathen population in the Tulu country to- wards the preaching of the gospel are to the point, and hold Jis) good of other stations also. He says:— “We are obliged to state again that, as was the case for a 200 number of years, so this year also we have had more exeommuni- ¥e cations of Christians than baptisms from among the heathen. . This 16!1; 29 e e 5 state of things presses upon our hearts like a heavy load. It is it indeed very depressing, after each errand, to be compelled to return ich with the message: ‘Sir, the people won’t come.’ Although encour- hat agements are mnot altogether wanting, inasmuch as now and then Ve people are found ready to hear, yet, as a rule, the Word preached o, is, in a more or less rude manner and sometimes very maliciously, 76T despised or scoffed at, and in many cases it is impossible for the the messenger of the gospel to go on with preaching. The last fair of the Krishna-temple at Udipi, when we had a good opportunity for 0w preaching, will not easily be forgotten by those who attended it. nof On the first day when we began to preach, some Brahmin youths led began to bawl; stopped, whenever we stopped ; and began again to clamour, whenever we resumed preaching. This was continued for several days. On the last day of the festival we had before us 1ot quite a mob of Brahmins, young and old, who by their continuous 100 roaring made the earth tremble. In spite of this, we had plenty of B opportunities to sow the good seed, especially during the intervals, 16D when the Brahmins took their meals.” rht 4 Itinerancy in Basrur-Kundapur. Somewhat different from cf, all that of our stations in the Tulu-District, properly spedking, is the work carried on at Basrur-Kundapur in the north, and 0t Kasaragod in the south. The language spoken in the District 10 0 of Basrur-Kundapur is Canarese, whilst in the Kasaragod Taluk, in addition to Tulu and Canarese, Malayalam is nly prevalent. Both of these stations have only small Christian 16 congregations, so that the Missionaries and their assistants )0 can direct their attention and energy chiefly to work among od the heathen. the Mr. Gengnagel of Basrur thus speaks of his experience in - itinerancy :— old “In the last year we visited 21 idol-festivals, and proclaimed the On the whole 1 & good tidings in many houses, villages, and markets. we did not meet so much with opposition as with indolence. The 1l his longer we observe these people, the more are we impressed with the 30 L paralysing influence Pantheism has exercised on the mind of the 50 Hindu, the educated as well as the uneducated.” th He also describes what took place at a Bhiita (demon) jill festival, visited by him with an assistant, at Maranakatte, a fe small village situated in the midst of a jungle 8 miles to the it north-east of Basrur. fr “This place has of late attained to some celebrity, as the demon, 8¢ supposed to reside there, is believed to possess unrivalled powers W both to punish and to bless. People from various parts of th the neighbouring districts flock to the place. Formerly festive oceasions of this kind were rarely frequented by Brahmins; but now- a-days they also are found there in good numbers. When asked al to whether they had also become Shtidras, they would reply: ‘How can we help it? do we not live in Kaliyuga? The old gods of the Brah- e mins, who in ancient times displayed wonderful deeds of prowess ar and benignity, have forsaken us, and we are forced to look to the ) Bhitas for help.” Thus the Brahmins, notwithstanding their Vedas, ‘ Shastras, and Purénas sink to the level of the Shtidras. During these days we had fair opportunities of denouncing the helplessness of i Bhitas and proclaiming the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ as the al universal remedy for all our maladies. Many a soul seemed to be i convinced of the uselessness and folly of Bhuta-worship, but a resolution to quit the old and accept the new, appears to become he impossible because of innumerable difficulties. One would say: ‘How can we leave our caste and join you? and another: ‘Suppose, we th come over to you, shall we also have to work? Some also came forward with impudent questions, such as: “What do we get, if we th come? we have debts; would you clear them off?’ or ‘Is this or a fh that vice also allowed in your church?’ ete., ete.” 5 Work among the Malayalees in the Kasaragod Taluk, At [ Kasaragod Messrs. Diez and Weidner have directed their 01 attention especially to the Malayalam population in the i southern part of the District, and when the inhabitants of Chantera, a village just on the frontier of South Canara and 8 Malabar, requested them to open a school there, they at once foit R e 31 the set to work among them, hoping to get a footing there. In those regions, which as yet have scarcely been touched by modern civilisation or the gospel, there appear to be not a O few people longing for something better, and although they may have very indistinct ideas about what they are to expect from the Mission, they seem to be prompted by a dim pre- on, sentiment that with the entrance of the Mission a better time er8 would dawn upon them. Especially among the toddy-drawers of the messengers of the gospel were received in a friendly 1ve manner. There are some among them whose belief in idols is O On the other hand, it is rather melancholy kad already shaken. to hear that the inhabitants of this village have of late years can ab been initiated into the mysteries of Shaktism, and that by an apostate Christian of Malabar, who used to officiate as 688 the priest at their nightly orgies. Should the ill-behaviour of this 45, apostate Christian not be a stimulus powerful enough to induce 650 us without further delay to let the light of truth shine into of these dark regions? But in addition to that, Chantera has the another strong claim on our sympathy on account of a very he painful accident, which happened when mission-work was & begun in the village during the last moonson. me A Christian lad of Hosadurga, who accompanied the Catechists as. oW their servant, one day passed through the fields quite alone, when L a furious she-buffalo, followed by a herd of other buffaloes grazing me there, attacked the boy and gored him to death, nobody being near e at hand to rescue him. An influential inhabitant of Chantera had OF the kindness to supply a coffin, in which the corpse of the lad was conveyed to Hosadurga. The deep grief of the bereaved aged parents At on seeing their son so unexpectedly and cruelly killed, may be el imagined! Hhe The request of the inhabitants of Chantera to open a of nd school among them came to us like a welcome call to begin mission-work among them, and steps were at once taken to 106 32 A R take charge of the school and to station a Catechist there. We have thus been enabled to occupy a place situated just in the midst between Kasaragod in the north and Cannanore in the south, and so to prepare the way for the opening of a new station, which will form, as it were, the connecting link be- i tween our Malabar and Canara Mission. 0 6. A new Station in the eastern part of the District. It is also intended to establish a new head-station at Puttur, some thirty miles east of Mangalore. This place is the head- quarters of the Uppinangady Taluk, which had in 1891 a 0 population of 118,807 souls, of whom 105,494 were Hindus, 8,613 Mussulmans, 2,128 Jains, and 2,569 Roman-Catholic al Christiaus. The gospel has been proclaimed in this Taluk fl for many years from Mangalore and other stations, especially in connection with the famous Subrahmanya Jatra, which has been visited almost year by year by messengers of the gospel. § But as the evangelistic efforts were of only an occasional character, we have not been enabled as yet to get a firm footing in this part of our District. Some 8 years ago a g native Evangelist, Mr. Bethuel Soens, was stationed there, who (f with his assistants began systematically to sow the good seed broadcast all over the hamlets and villages of the Taluk. It was the unexpected death of this fellow-labourer that oc- ;:): casioned us last year to urge upon our Home-Committee the necessity of stationing a European Missionary at Puttur, in order to strengthen the hands of our isolated native brethren and to extend our work to the eastern parts of our District. I May this hitherto somewhat neglected part of our field prove I as fruitful as our stations on the seaside, and before long fe may Christian congregations be formed here and there, to the 0] glory of the Lord Jesus! §t Dl § 33 Ve he he I1T, The District of Coorg. oW 1 Conversions. In this District, which comprises the two he stations Mercara and Anandapur, our brethren have been toiling for many years, without having been privileged to It witness conversions from the predominant tribe of the Coorgs. I, The very first Coorg, who embraced Christianity, was baptized 1l by the late Dr. Mogling some 40 years ago. Since that time continuous efforts have been made to acquaint the Coorgs 18, with the gospel and win them for Christ, and there were lic always some of them on very friendly terms with the mis- uk sionaries and appeared to be not far from the kingdom of God. gl But the attitude of the Coorg population, on the whole, to- 145 wards the gospel, has always been that of a decided and el haughty, though not unkind, aversion to Christianity. It is nal therefore the more gratifying to hear that in the past year, I after a long season of patient waiting, two Coorg youths were ) & graciously strengthened to break through the fetters of an- cestral traditions and to confess Christ. One of these converts ho od was baptized at Anandapur in October last and has ever since nk proved an earnest Christian and a courageous witness for Christ, in spite of sore trials caused by his relations in connec- 00 the tion with his ancestral property. The story of the other youth, 10 who was converted at Mercara, is rather melancholy :— rep In order to give the young convert an opportunity of seeing a . large congregation and to strengthen him spiritually, Mr. Schenkel of 076 Mercara sent him to Mangalore to attend the annual Missionary festival and then to join our Middle School at Udipi. A few days later :)nff the on, when the students of our Theological Seminary at Mangalore started on a preaching tour, he accompanied them. He was evidently pleased with the sympathy he met with everywhere, and the new spiritual air he breathed in the company of his Christian friends. 5 34 —— But alas! one day when he with his companions went bathing in a by i river, he suddenly disappeared and, before anybody else became aware of the danger, was drowned in the river. We are exceedingly un ¢ sorry that this hopeful Coorg convert should have died in this way; but are comforted by the truth that the thoughts of the Lord are ou thoughts of peace and not of evil, and we believe that the lamentable th death of this youth also will bear some fruit of blessing for his still th benighted: country. At any rate, let the grave of the Coorg youth of in the soil of the Tula country ever remind the Tulu Christians of th their obligations towards the Coorg country! di fny 2. Preaching among the heathen was carried on from Mer- cara and Anandapur in the same way as hitherto. From 10 (o Mercara the weekly markets held at different centres were al regularly visited. Many tracts and Bible-portions were also sold, but as Myr. Schenkel says:— at th “Hearers of the word are not wanting, but sincere enquirers after truth. fe Indolence and worldly-mindedness are everywhere (9 met with and drunkenness is increasing among all classes of the th population in a most fearful degree.” N Mr. Fischer of Anandapur, on the other hand, reports on he the quickening influence the conversion of the above mentioned i Coorg has exercised on his countrymen, which makes itself al observable by great numbers of attentive hearers surrounding ‘A the preachers of the gospel, whenever the convert is with I them. The former indolence has given way to a lively in- n; thy terest in the word preached, and even discussions which now occur' more frequently than formerly, add life and zest to our Wl work. The following incident related by Mr. Fischer proves I‘e] fr the steady, though secret, influence of the gospel, by gradually moulding the religious notions of non-christians:— 1§ “When preaching in the bazaar at Virajpet, a Coorg came for- ward with the assertion that caste was originated by God. We began to enlighten him on the origin and merit of caste, when an unknown individual among the audience took up the thread of our argument —_— 35 1 & by pointing to the injustice and impropriety of a father making il distinetions between his children, urging that it would equally be oly unbecoming of the Creator to foster prejudice and preference among dl men We did not interrupt him as he dexterously championed are our cause, and also because we had finished our preaching. When ble the Coorg did not seem convinced by his opponent’s argumentation, fill the latter gave two illustrations, namely: ‘Suppose you take the leg ith of a horse, a bullock, a sheep and a goat and promiscuously put a(]f them together, you will easily be able to distinguish between the different legs; whereas if you take the leg of a Brahmin, a Ksha- triya, a Vaishya, and a Shudra, and bring them together, you will or- not be able to recognize the Brahmin’s leg from that of the Shudra. om pre Consequently easte’ distinction exists only among beasts, but not among men. Then again, take the jack fruit tree that yields fruit Is0 at the lower parts of the stem as well as on the branches, and mix them; it would be a difficult task to point out on which part of the grs tree they have grown. Consequently, if the legend of the origin of ore caste, according to which the Brahmin sprang from Brahma’s head, the the Kshatriya from his shoulders, the Vaishya from his loins, and the Shudra from his feet, were true at all, all of them would be brothers, 0n because they are children of one father’. The Coorg saw himself ped defeated, and looking .at his opponent, who wore the sacred thread solf and the sectarian mark on his forehead, said with astonishment: ‘Are you not a Brahmin?’, whereupon the latter replied, that had ing nothing to do with the question at issue; as he wanted to get infor- ith mation on the merit of caste, it was immaterial to receive it from 10 the lips of a Padre or of a Brahmin. The Coorg then asked me, 10w whether I had paid the Brahmin for his advocacy, whereupon I oul replied that I had never seen the man before. He then exclaimed 765 trembling with excitement: ‘If Brahmins talk like that, the time 297 ° lly is surely not very distant when all will be one caste 3. Extension of work., We have succeeded in purchasing for- a compound at Fraserpet, and a catechist has since been Al stationed there. Wi yont 2 * 36 Jild IVI The South Mahratta District. ab 1 Difficulties and trials. The past year has been a season First of of most serious difficulty and trial to this District. the all, a good deal of sickness prevailed on almost all our 10 0w stations. At Bettigeri small-pox, dysentery, cholera, and fever followed each other. No less than 9 church-members ol m died of cholera within 6 days in the month of May, and again 11 persons within 3 weeks in the month of August. Sometimes two persons had to be buried on a single day. i () At Dharwar and Hubli a fever-epidemic set in shortly after Ch the monsoon, so much so that scarcely a Christian house re- W mained untouched by the disease, and Mr. Warth of Hubli fin does not remember having ever witnessed such a time of trial of within the last 20 years. The Orphanages at Dharwar and e Bettigeri had also to bear their share of sickness in con- fo nection with the general calamity and sometimes appeared as though they had been changed into hospitals; from 15 to 20 girls were at one time laid up fever-stricken at liy Dharwar. Thanks be to God that this trying time passed o away, but alas! it was followed by a still more trying and laf We need not here dwell on the different general calamity. ol causes of the famine, under the awful ravages of which the B! 56 Southern Mahratta country has been suffering for the last 8 or 9 months. It is generally known that the famine rose thy from insufficient rain during the last monsoon and the conse- fa th quent failure of crops in vast tracts of the district, which Wl caused an enormous rise in the price of all food grains. The As general stagnation of traffic, consequent on the plague in Bombay, increased the distress. Of our mission-stations fi 8 Bettigeri and Guledgudd are those that have most severely been suffering from the calamity, and among our Christians 805 the poor ryots, weavers, and day-labourers are in the greatest of 37 R S S need. The following is from a report of Mr. Waidelich at Bettigeri:— ol “Qur Christian day-labourers were in great distress, because of they could find searcely any work, and our weavers because they could Il no more dispose of their goods, and as they had no capital of their nd own to buy silk and cotton with, and no opportunity of being e1s employed as cooly-weavers, they were suddenly cut off from every means of subsistence. The difficulties of our ryots were at once of ind a twofold nature. As their fields were an expense to them without 15t yielding any produee, they were from the very beginning of the B calamity compelled to support themselves by going into debt. Those fer Christian weavers who were employed by non-christian masters, 1€ were very badly off; as a matter of course, they were among the bl first to be dismissed. Thus it happened that, from the very outset 1ol of the famine, most of our day-labourers and a good number of our nd weavers became destitute of all the means of livelihood and applied 0D to the Mission for help.” red My. Eisfelder of Guledgudd reports the following:— om “Qur poor Christians were put to the greatest difficulties for their at livelihood on acecount of the famine, and the difficulties are likely sed to continue for some time longer. As the earlier as well as the nd latter rains either failed entirely, or did not fall in due time, it was either a sheer impossibility to sow at all, or if the seed sown had ent the sprung up, it soon withered away. So our ryots were compelled to sell their cattle and forsake hearth and home, to earn something for Jast the maintenance of themselves and their families. Considering the 1036 fact that the price of corn has risen by 150 to 200 per cent, and that 56 the present wages are considerably reduced, it may be imagined in jich what a wretched state many of our people are now forced tolive. The As a matter of fact, had our Christian ryots not been accustomed 11 from their youth up to live in a very economical way and to be S satisfied with the minimum of the necessaries of life, they would now searcely be able to exist.” ely 305 In view of the extreme misery and distress the majority test of our Christians were reduced to, especially at Guledgudd mE R 38 ab and Bettigeri, we resolved to open special relief-works for i them and were happily enabled to do so by special col- lections made for the purpose among our friends in Germany. 501 Be By a very fortunate concurrence of circumstances it happened also that, just at this exigency, a new mission-house had to il be built at Guledgudd, so that many of our starving Christ- far th ians could usefully be employed there. The indigent Christ- 1ans at Bettigeri and Hubli were in a similar way provided (l with work and daily bread. Arrangements have also been il made by our Mercantile Mission-Branch at Mangalore to aid our Christian weavers, by kindly undertaking to buy from il al them their productions and sell them eventually at market prices. Mr. Fisfelder at Guledgudd has also received consider- L) il able sums from the Iudian Charitable Famine Relief Fund for distribution among the suffering population of Guledgudd 1 fof and its environs. 0 2. General Attitude of the heathen population. Twenty th years ago, when the Southern Mahratta country was visited T by the same calamity, our Mission was privileged to gather ab in a rich harvest of souls ready to break with idolatry and 1§ caste and to accept the yoke of Christ. Many of these have W proved insincere and returned to heathenism; others, although 4l th members of our Church up to this day, have been to their pastors a cause of much grief; but a good number of them W have remained steadfast and given us cause for joy and Yo thanksgiving. On the whole, it may be safely said, that an 18 abiding blessing to our Church has resulted from the last to famine. n At this moment we are, of course, not yet able to gauge the result of the present famine, but there is no doubt that in one respect it presents an aspect quite different from 0r that of 20 years ago. Whilst then multitudes of enquirers §0 flocked to the missionaries, applying _for help and declaring their readiness to embrace Christianity, there are th R 39 or at present almost no ‘enquirers who have asked for and ! received admission, on account of the famine; and although J some few conversions occurred last year at Guledgudd and od Bettigeri, they appear to have had no particular connection to with the present calamity. Whatever the after-results of the s famine may be, the attitude of the heathen population, at st the present stage at least, is on the whole as adverse to ed Christianity as ever. Mr. Warth gives the following descrip- el tion of his experience of bazaar-preaching at Hubli:— id “We have sometimes very attentive hearers and observed on Jil more than one occasion that the word preached was well understood 6f and appreciated by some few, who even gave expression to their conviction in a touching manner. But on the other hand there are T many who without restraint would give vent to their anger and 0r Id indignation, whenever they heard the name of Jesus. Oh! the heavy fetters these blinded people are enchained with,—sensuality and caste, Vedantism, self-righteousness, and priesteraft! and when will ty their captivity be turned ? One would imagine that the present famine ed would have melted their hardened‘ hearts and made them feel miser- [} able and long after salvation; but, as a matter of fact, the very nd reverse is the case. Instead of finding fault with themselves, they \[% would rather blame God, and for some time were so eagerly absorbed in cares for their livelihood, that they turned a deaf ear to i) i the preaching of the gospel. Once when we began to preach, we were interrupted by the reproachful question: ‘What is the use of Il your preaching now, since corn has become so dear?’, and when we nd replied that the present famine was a divine visitation ealling them 1 to repentance, they professed to be most religious and righteous 16 men who had not deserved such a severe punishment.” {0 Myr. Waidelich of Bettigeri reports the following incident bt )i on a preaching tour to Navalgund, a town situated to the south-east of Bettigeri:— B} “On the first day of our arrival we betook ourselves as usual to yd the bazaar for preaching. Being the chief bazaar-day of the week, 10 AT IR 40 we had collected in a few minutes a large audience. At the outset everything went on smoothly; but scarely had the first preacher finished his address, when a terrible storm of indignation broke out. L We could not do anything else but arm ourselves with patience, ( until the excitement had suobsided. Then a young Brahmin (0 stepped forward and argued about the birth of Christ in an indecent manner. 0C When I positively told him that such obscene talk did ¥ not deserve any notice, the erowd commenced bawling as if the a powers of darkness had been let loose, and any further attempt to continue the preaching proved futile. During the following days § V. we met with the same opposition; for no sooner did we make our appearance, than the same hubbub was raised by school-boys and al the rabble of the place, so that we were literally compelled to aban- ty don the idea of preaching in the bazaar. The inhabitants of Naval- gund are notorious for their conceit and haughtiness, which may be 1 partly taken as an explanation of their hostility to the gospel, but il the whole secret lies, in my opinion, in the existence of many houses fo of ill-fame at the place, which greatly hinders all spiritual influences.” One of our native Pastors, Mr. S. Devada at Hubli, himself ali a convert from Hinduism, makes the somewhat startling ob- tt servation that Vedantism is at present spreading rapidly T h among the population of the Southern Mahratta country, and finds in this fact an explanation of the hostility of a large 1l number towards Christianity and of the almost insurmount- I able hinderances in the way of the gospel taking hold of the Hindu mind. We think this observation deserves careful fr consideration in missionary circles. As yet, very little has h been done, at least in Canarese Christian literature, to ) take up the fight with this great enemy of Christianity, by I publishing special tracts exposing the fallacies of this false and pernicious philosophy. ¢ On the other hand it is remarkable 3. Encouragements. that, notwithstanding the ill-feeling exhibited by inhabitants of T towns like Dharwar, Hubli, and Gadag, encouraging signs dl R 41 30 may be noticed here and there and espeoiafly among the rural 61 population, testifying to the spread of the gospel and its ap- preciation by not a few. The missionaries and their assistants b consider itinerancy to be one of the most refreshing and en- 1] couraging labours, and they do so not because of numerous nt lid conversions actually occurring on their tours,—for these are very rare at present—but because of the unfeigned sympathy he and assent their preaching meets with in many cases. {0 \}S Sometimes they are greatly astonished to find an acquaintance with the Bible, they would not have expected to meet with ur nd amongst non-christians. My. Waidelich relates the following two incidents that came under his observation :— 1 l “On one of my preaching tours in June last, when I was reading be in my lodgings, I saw a decently clad man come up to me, and was b not a little surprised, when the man, after our mutual salutations, 68 " took a Bible from beneath his arm and asked me for the explanation of several passages unintelligible to him. Still greater was my of astonishment when Iobserved the remarkable knowledge of Seripture that he had. He knew many passages of both the Old and the New b Testaments thoroughly ; many of them he could quote verbatim, and ly And how correct were d he knew also where they are to be found. in most cases his interpretations! He was as well versed in the chief 0p Christian doctrines, such as the atonement, justification, the resur- 1t rection, ete., as though he were born a Christian. he “ At another time a man came to me who had purchased tracts il from me the year before. ‘When asked whether he had read them, a8 he confessed, that he had originally bought them with the object f0 of finding out errors in the Christian religion, but by reading them had come to the conviction that they contained truth, and that he by 56 was now desirous of more books to get more information about the Christian religion.” It is very encouraging to hear that during the last year ¢ 7562 religious tracts and books, 8 Bibles, 18 New Testaments, of Myr. Warth ns and 502 Scripture-portions were sold at Hubli. 6 42 e Ay reports that a certain Hindu requested him to exchange his § copy of the New Testament for another one in larger type, f f and that he had, in examining the book, found many traces of frequent use. Myr. Lutz of Hubli relates the following ¥ touching incident:— “When we were on a preaching tour, a young lad came to us with the express desire of purchasing the Heart-book. He was sent by a man, who had heard of our coming to the neighbourhood; but being himself laid up with sickness, he despatched this lad to g buy the book at any cost.” 4. Preaching in the Honavar Distriet (North Canara). We 1l turn now to the Honavar District, which, though for admini- strative purposes connected with our South Mahratta Mission District, forms a field of itself with its own peculiarities. In this vast tract of land, stretching from Bhatkal in the south f to Karwar in the north, and again as far as Sircy in the east, we have at present only one missionary stationed at Honavar with 4 assistants, two of whom are stationed at Karwar. There are in the whole District only two Christian congre- gations, and they are very small, the majority of the church- é members belonging either to the families of the mission- workers or being immigrants from the Tulu District. After Ig) many years of hard labour the missionary had the joy of baptizing 3 non-christians, a poor woman with two children, who now earns her daily bread honestly with one of our S Christian weavers at Honavar. Mr. Singer, who is in charge of the station, has with his assistants been travelling all over the District, offering the word of life to all classes of the population. The following report of Cat. D. Santvana will | f give an idea of the experiences met with in preaching to the heathen in this District :— “The Haviga Brahmins and the Konkanis are,A as a rule, very f reluctant to listen to God’s message and seem wholly absorbed in their worldly occupations, but at a village near Honavar we were § . e iEn 43 surprised to find that they listened attentively and purchased some 'y tracts. We read to them a passage on Death’s horrors from a tract, when one of them remarked that 2 pies for such a book was 4 very little, even Rs. 200 would not be too much. “The goldsmiths’ caste occupies at present a peculiar position. Formerly their héritage was ignorance, poverty, and submission to 5 Brahmins, whereas now they have not only socially improved, but have i emancipated themselves from their spiritual guides and instituted a priesthood of their own, to officiate at festivities and ceremonies. 0 This independence has roused the Brahmin’s displeasure and inauguarated a rigorous mode of persecution, and by their influence even the Shudras begin to look upon them as Holeyas. Under these depressing circumstances they appear to be more inclined than for- merly to accept the glad tidings. “A certain man of the Sheregar caste evinced unusual interest in h the gospel and visited us at our halting place to get still more infor- ) mation. Similarly another man of the musicians’ easte, who welcom- by ed us with unfeigned joy, eame to our quarters to hear still more about the plan of salvation, although he possesses a fair knowledge of the Scriptures. On many occasions this unpretentious man stopped the mouth of silly and ignorant babblers by his common-sense expla- nations; once when one of the audience said: ‘It is not we who sin, but God incites the dormant faculties in us to sin, he replied: )| “You are indeed very wise; do you not believe in the existence of of heaven and hell? how could then God fling his punishments against , defaulters, if he himself is the cause of sin?’ On hearing about the I passion of Christ he exclaimed: ‘Alas! that I am tied to my family! 6 if it were not for this impediment, to-day I would have become a o Christian, How often have I explained the truth to my people! but 16 they are too dull to grasp it; and yet how can I, a single man, forsake my family altogether!’ 1l 16 “In our preaching we do not overlook the claims of the Holeyas either. But even with them we find a good deal of conceit and touchiness regarding caste. A Holeya told me with a deep sense of i i his superiority, placing his hand upon his breast: ‘Judge for your- 16 self, whether we can leave our caste and come over to yoa.’ 6* 44 VY. The District of Malabar., 1 Conversions. Whilst in our other mission-districts conversions from heathenism are at present ¢only few and far between’, our Mission in Malabar has again been blessed, as in the last 5 or 6 years, with a very rich harvest. Altogether 319 souls were added to the Church by baptism, and 202 catechumens were under instruction at the end of the year. It is especially encouraging to observe, that all our stations, in the south as well as in the north, and in the east as well as in the west, equally participate in this gracious blessing. This fact goes to show that the present spiritual movement among the heathen population of Malabar is not a partial one, but is spread all over the whole District. The converts belong to different castes and occupations, and although the poor and despised are represented among them in a large propor- tion, persons are not wanting, who by. their origin, position, and character, commanded the respect of their countrymen before their conversion. Another feature deserving of mention, is that a considerable proportion of the converts on each station have for years been permanent residents of the place or its neighbourhood, and only a limited number of them have come from more distant regions. This circumstance is of vital importance, not only on account of the facilities afforded thereby of gaining trustworthy information respecting the antecedents of the applicants and of testing their sincerity, but also because it is a powerful and at the same time the only natural means for the Christian Church to lose the exotic character it very often presents now-a-days to the surrounding heathen, and to become naturalized among the peoples of India. The motives, which actuated these enquirers, are of different kinds and may vary in each individual case according to the character, the peculiar condition, and the spiritual under- 45 e standing of the person concerned. It cannot be denied, nox is it surprising, that in a movement like this taking hold of wide circles, many would come with very indistinct ideas about Christianity and its blessings; they are, as it were, carried away with the general current of a feeling of dissatis- faction with the present state of things and of aspirations after something better than Hinduism with its idolatry and social customs can afford. There are many, and especially among the poor and down-trodden, who may have at first expected )y | that all their miseries would be put. an end to by their embracing Christianity. But it should not be forgotten that many of the evils, these people are suffering from, are in i fact the direct fruit of heathenism, and that they are fully 4 justified in expecting tq find a remedy for these in the Church of Christ. It is often not easy to decide, whether people of ) this kind should be accepted or refused. There are, of course, cases in which the worldly-mindedness of an enquirer is so by conspicuous and so unblushingly pronounced, that there can be no doubt about his unworthiness. But in many other cases by it is almost impossible at once to say whether the motive underlying one’s desire to be admitted as an enquirer, is on )e To refuse the side of the temporal rather than the spiritual. admission to such persons would in many cases be hardly of short of an act of recklessness and cruelty, compelling them d 16 to live a life of extreme misery or to become victims to Mahommedanism. The safest and, as we believe, the most 1 Christ-like way in such cases is to have compassion on the j 10 poor,—poor both materially and spiritually,—by giving them a trial, and doing one’s best by careful instruction to rouse 9 the dormant spiritual faculties in them, and to gradually raise them from their low level up to an understanding of the it spiritual truths of Christianity. As a matter of experience, 9 the patient work of love thus spent on enquirers, has in Ll 46 many cases proved succesful, and by the grace of God made them good Christians. We desire now to give a short survey of the conversions as they occurred at each station. At Cannanore 38 persons were admitted into the Church, 20 of whom were residents of Cannanore-town. There was among them a respectable native physician, whose relatives, it is hoped, will follow him by and by. Another person, an old man of 69 years of age, some of whose relatives and children had previously joined the Church, made up his mind at last to follow their example; but, as he himself confessed to his pastor, at that time his heart was still full of disbelief, and he had come merely for outward reasons. During the time he received baptismal instruction, however, he had a dream one night and saw a glorious majestic vision of light come up to him and say: “I have taken thee from the dung-hill, I have received thee.” From that time he joyfully took hold of the salva- tlon as it is in Jesus Christ. Thus the Lord may in special cases condescend to the poor understanding of a heathen, in order to bring the saving truth home to his mind. At Tellicherry, out of 40 enquirers 13 'only were selected for baptism; 15 proved to be “like to the chaff which the wind driveth away’’; 14 were still under instruction at the end of the year. One of these new converts, desirous of proclaiming among his hea- then countrymen the grace of Christ, as realized by himself, has since been admitted to the Theological Seminary at Nettur. At Chombala 92 persons were enrolled as catechumens, out of whom 52 were baptized after careful instruetion; 20 were put back for a further time of probation; some five, succumbing to the entrea- ties of their relatives, returned to heathenism; 3 were cunningly enticed away. With the exception of some orphans sent from other stations, all the enquirers have come from places in the neighbour- hood of Chombala. Some of them belong to well-to-do families and have embraced Christianity from a genuine desire for salvation. Many have been actuated by a rather indistinet longing after some- thing better than heathenism can afford them. On the whole, they e 47 le have all had the call of Christ to follow him brought home to them on previous oeeasions. IN At Calicut altogether 121 persons applied for admission. It was refreshing to observe, how month after month new enquirers came with the same request: in January 20, in February 9, in of March 7, in April 10, in May 9, in June 10, in July 15, ete. Some of them disappointed the expectations cherished regarding them, and W relapsed into heathenism. On Christmas-day 83 persons received b od baptism, This is the largest number of persons ever baptized on one day at this station, Mr. Knobloch observes that the number i, of baptisms within the last 7 years is equal to that of the 21 il previous years (340 against 334). Among the baptized 32 are 18 inhabitants of Calicut-town; 30 were sent to Calicut from Vaniyan- i kulam; the remainder came from more or less distant places. 16 There were 13 young men among them able to read, which greatly 7e helped them to derive the full benefit of the instruction received. On the whole, the catechumens gave their instruetors much reason h) for joy by their attention and good-will, and when examined before g the Presbytery previous to their baptism, many of them proved to o have attained a creditable knoyvledge of the way of salvation. At Codacal 52 heathen were baptized, and 2 Roman and 19 th Syrian Christians were admitted into the Church. I ti} At Vaniyankulam altogether 63 enquirers were enrolled ; of these as 29 had to be sent to Calicut and 22 to Palghat to get a livelihood 11 only received baptism at the station. There is among them a of blacksmith of Angadipuram, who, an able and generally respected artisan, employed 5 or 6 hands in his trade. On his conversion he ok had to encounter severe hostilities on the part of his heathen rela- fh He was [y tives, and for some time even his life was threatened. therefore taken to Vaniyankulam, where he with his wife received el regular instruction, and was baptized on Christmas-day. A few I} 1 days afterwards he returned to Angadipuram to resume his trade. His courage appears to have inspired even his former enemies with respect for him, so that he is now able to carry on his trade as formerly. 6y 48 ——— At Palghat Whit-Sunday and Christmas-day were two festive T occasions, on which altogether 56 souls were added to the Church while 8 persons were baptized in the out-station Wadackencherry, and it is hoped that some more will follow during the ensuing year An apostate Christian also, who has for the last 15 years lived 1 among the heathen, returned with his whole family, numbering 18 members, all of whom have grown up in heathenism, to join —may it be permanently !—the Church of Christ 2 Difficulties and trials in connection with conversions Great as the joy occasioned by these numerous conversions was and still is, the care for these people, many of whom have forsaken hearth and home and are thus deprived of all means of subsistence, and the necessity of providing them with i suitable occupations form & sequel less agreeable and a source of much anxiety and trouble to the missionary Even 1n stations with extensive establishments affording opportunities of different kinds of work for many, this difficulty is, although considerably reduced, not removed entirely But in sta- tions with no such opportunities, the care for the temporal needs of new converts, especially when they are so numerous is a burden almost too heavy to be borne As an expedient enquirers are sometimes sent from one station to another with better prospects for them to earn their daily bread; but this course also is beset with peculiar difficulties and has in several cases proved a failure The following remarks of the ex- perienced My. Walter at Vaniyankulam (from which station a good number of enquirers were sent to Calicut and Palghat respectively) are worth considering:— “The conversions of the past year go to show that our station is a very hopeful field They would have, no doubt, been even more numerous, if we had not been compelled to send the majority of our enquirers to other stations to gain their livelihood It is not easy for these people to leave their native soil and earn their bread in a foreign place Our people at Calicut and Vaniyankulam repeatedly e 49 7e requested me with tears, to help them to return to Vaniyankulam, b; This state is very depressing for us, and we should be glad to see a v, way out of the difficulty. There is, e. g., a heathen family in a 1 neighbouring village, who earnestly contemplated embracing Christ- ed ianity, but abandoned the thought, because we were not able to 18 help them in a suitable manner. These people are agriculturists, i and their landlord threatened to expel them from his lands, if they were to become Christians.” 1§ Mr. Weismann of Chombala also made repeated attempts JIN to induce heathen landlords to allow converts to remain in il their rented houses and compounds, but again and again his all «For those who entreaties met with the depressing retort: th forsake their ancestral caste and customs, we have neither 66 houses nor gardens.” Enquirers, who had previously intimated 1n their intention to the missionary, were encouraged by all 168 means not to leave their present homes, but rather try by oh love and patience to overcome the anger and severity of their ta landlords. gl Another kind of difficulty experienced in connection with 1§, conversions, is described by Mr. Weismann in the following manner .— it th “Though our converts did not come from the wise, the mighty, and the noble after the flesh, they were nevertheless taken notice of his by the world, when they fled from the “city of wrath’”. Their ol relatives exhibited deadly hatred and did not even shrink from % employing eunning and violence to accomplish their purposes. o A young man of Mahé, who with his legally-married wife sought ok admission into our congregation, was falsely accused by his father- Arrested and in-law of having kidnapped his minor daughter. 15 escorted to Mahé for trial before the French Governor, the young )16 woman not only proved beyond doubt the legality of her marriage, ik bat also made a frank confession of her resolution to become a Christian, 5y The Governor sent the couple back to Chombala under ) a police-guard, and when marching through Mahé, the woman was lly applauded by her old friends for her heroism. P R 50 One day a youth, who had deserted his irritable uncle, met not very far from the Chombala hill, an enraged multitude just returning from an unsuccessful attempt to entice one of their relatives back into heathenism. The young man had never witnessed such an E uproarious crowd, and on inquiry as to the cause of their grievance they furnished him with the necessary particulars to find out the f direction for his flight. Some minutes after he stood in front of the mission-house with the request: ‘Teach me also the true faith’. This was a severe blow to heathenism, which was not received quietly, but aroused the indignation of the youth’s relatives. They tried all possible means to earry him off again as a trophy, and spies were posted to watch his movements. One day in an ungunard- ; ed hour he was suddenly assaulted, dragged off, and incarcerated for several days. He managed, however, to escape, and on Easter- Sunday he was found among the worshippers at church, as an answer to the prayers of many Christians. 3 other enquirers, who were suddenly removed by violence, have not yet made their appear- The ance, and we do not even know what has become of them. child of a poor widow was stealthily enticed away by sweet-meats, while at play in the mission-compound, and has not yet been recovered. On a Sunday an excited band of some 40 men forced their way into the mission-compound, dashed against the door of a room of our Gtirls’ Orphanage, where a woman was staying who had intimat- ed her intention of joining the Christian Chureh, rushed in, seized her, and hurried off. The Christians in the neighbourhood, roused up by the excitement, came to the rescue of the helpless woman, but were encountered with drawn knives. The Christians requested us afterwards to lodge a complaint against the housebreakers, in order to prevent similar disturbances. We did so, but with little success. The offenders were cowardly enough to deny the whole occurrence, stating on oath that on that day they had not been at Chombala at all, and the judge deemed the defendants’ evidence sufficient for an acquittal. Thus our Christians were taught the lesson in suck matters not to rely upon the arm of human justice, but on the never-failing arm of the Almighty.” 51 Sloloo D 0f 3 Condition of the Churches. Several stations and con- 10 gregations of this District had to pass through deep waters k of tribulation during the past year. Our Christians at Codacal n had for some time been exposed to the greatest danger, because 00 the Mopla insurrection in February 1896 threatened to spread 10 of to these solitary regions also. The indignation of the Moham- medans in the neighbourhood was kindled by some converts, d who had apostatised to Mohammedanism, re-embracing Chris- )] tianity, and it was rumoured that the insurgents would come d from Malapuram, their head-quarters (which is some 20 miles distant from Codacal), to take cruel vengeance upon the apostates and the Christians in general at Codacal. Govern- d ment having been apprised of the imminent danger, a number of well-armed policemen were posted at Codacal to keep order. [} The Christians were greatly alarmed and for some days scarcely dared leave their houses for fear, but after all they were graciously preserved from an outbreak of Mohammedan ) fanaticism. This station as well as Palghat, Calicut, and others, was visited by severe epidemics of fever and cholera. The death-rate was urusually high. At Calicut 44 Christians died, and the congregation now contains 133 widows, many of whom are young women. At Palghat 29 cases of death were registered (against 8 in 1895); cholera made its appear- ance twice during the year, and some Christians also fell victims to the epidemic. Our Churches in Malabar having grown of late years rather rapidly through many conversions from heathenism, g it cannot be denied that there is a danger of sins and vices, such as are generally in vogue among the heathen, creeping into the Christian congregations and gradually lowering the spiritual life of the Church. Careful oversight and the utmost vigilance is needed on the part of pastors to train the new converts to Christian habits and to raise them to a higher 7% 52 el standard of spiritual understanding. Serious sins have come to light in several congregations among new and old Christians il At and called forth the application of church-discipline. (r Cannanore 6 persons were excommunicated on account of 10 habitual drunkenness, impurity, sorcery, and other sins. At Ii Calicut a man is reported to have had recourse to witch- I craft, and at Codacal no less than 18 persons had to be disci- §f plined on account of various offences. The earnest among the older church-members are well aware of the serious I danger the Church is exposed to, if sins and vices are suffered to go on unrebuked and defaulters not taken to task as P they deserve. At Cannanore some Christians gave expres- €] b sion to their feeling of satisfaction at the vigorous measures taken against habitual drunkards. At Calicut private prayer- J{ meetings have been arranged by some Christians to rouse D and promote the spiritual life of their brethren. There is a Young Men’s Christian Association, which has been a source of blessing to many a youth; indifferent young men who had hitherto kept aloof, were stirred up and joined the ] i association. With a view to promote the spiritual life of the Church, the Tamil Evangelist Mr. David was at the request I of the Presbytery invited to conduct gospel-meetings at Calicut. His addresses proved very helpful to many by rousing them to greater earnestness, and although none of the truths he proclaimed can be said to have been new g to our people, the charm of novelty and the peculiar mode of his preaching made a deep impression even on the indifferent. He delivered also an English lecture to the Hindu students of our High School, heartily inviting them to t come to Jesus, the Saviour of sinners. While thankfully acknowledging the rich blessings received by the Church e¢ from the addresses of this anointed preacher, Mr. Kuobloch observes the following :— 53 et 6 “Revival meetings like these very much resemble galvanic shoeks 15 and the need for them is rather a symptom indicating some defect It or disease in the body of the Church. Properly speaking, under of normal cireumstances, they should not be needed to keep the religious life alert. \ On the other hand, the appearance among us of this Tamil Evangelist has ereated in us the ardent desire, that men of his stamp may be raised from our midst to minister unto our Churches with their rich measure of spiritual gifts.” g 1§ The unusual growth of our Malabar Mission has in other i respects also imposed on us new tasks and placed before us new problems, the solution of which will occupy our attention and 8 energies in years to come. The church at Nettur (Tellicherry) 08 had to be enlarged, as the accommodation in the former rooms was no longer sufficient for the increased numbers of persons attending divine service. Part of the expenditure {7 was liberally provided by the members of the Church. At [0 Palghat also the erection of a place of worship has been )i necessitated for the benefit of the new Christian village )i Melparambu, as the distance of that place from our church 10 in Palghat-town caused a good deal of inconvenience and 16 difficulty ; the attendance at church has since considerably gf improved. There are some more stations and out-stations it sorely needing new or enlarged places of worship. These I and other similar wants of our growing Churches, however, of are inconsiderable and éasy to supply in comparison with W another problem of the most difficult nature, which has of o late years been urged upon our attention by the numerous 10 conversions from among the heathen; it is the question as to 16 the best means of providing suitable employments for our 0 converts, so as to enable them to earn an honest livelihood, y without being a burden to the Mission. Our industrial establishments cannot possibly supply all our Christians with h work, and by large admissions of new converts, many of whom are quite inexperienced labourers, some of them have already 54 e e been taxed to the utmost of their strength. Besides there are stations, such as Codacal, where the poverty of the people § and the general want of opportunities for work are so pressing, that all our attempts to remedy the difficulties have constantly proved to be quite inadequate to the existing needs. Various proposals have been made as a way out of the difficulty. More especially the project of an agricultural colony on a large scale has been taken into careful consideration; but there are various difficulties of the most serious nature standing in the way of the proposal being carried out. For E the present a small beginning only has been made by opening an agricultural school in connection with our Boys’ Orphanage at Paraperi. The object of the school is to train Christian boys for agricultural work, and by and by to settle them as tenants on lands belonging to the Mission or to the Church- fund. May the school prosper and prove a blessing to the Church of Christ in Malabar! 4. Preaching among the heathen. Having dwelt at some length on the conversions that occurred during the last year, there is no need to add more than a few words on the recep- tion the messengers of the gospel have met with among the heathen population of Malabar. From Chombala the follow- ing is reported : — “Our itinerary preachers have again and again returned from their preaching tours with great joy and confidence, because almost everywhere they found the doors open for proclaiming the gospel. Sometimes they met people listening with such close attention, that the preachers might have thought they had a Christian congre- gation before them.” And My. Walter of Vaniyankulam says: — “It is pleasing to observe a wide spread change of opinion in favour of Christianity. Many are earnestly contemplating the question: ‘what must I doto be saved?’ and that there are some who 55 SRV S have for themselves answered the question by actually embracing Christianity, is proved by the 63 conversions in connection with our ) station. But how exceedingly small is this number, if contrasted with the four and a half laes of heathen living in our district!” On the other hand, as the apostle Paul, when he speaks of “a great door and effectual” opened unto him at Ephesus, adds the surprising remark “and there are many adversaries” b (1. Cor. xvi, 9), so also the messengers of the gospel in Malabar, while meeting with encouragements everywhere, I have to contend with a good deal of opposition too, and that of the most resolute character. Mr. Walter reports of an opposition preacher regularly making his appearance on idol- festivals and also in the market at Vaniyankulam, where the missionaries have for many years been preaching the gospel unmolested. «This man is said to have been paid by the Nambutiri Brahmins, the most obstinate and deadly foes of Christianity. His object is neither to instruct his countrymen in their own religion nor to refute Christianity in a rational way, but to heap abuses on, and raise suspicions against, the missionaries and render their preaching impossible. Whenever an attentive audience gathered round the preachers of the gospel, he would step forth with his partisans, interrupt the preacher by silly questions, read aloud quotations from pamphlets against Christianity, and insult the missionary and his assistants in the most vulgar manner.” In a similar way Mr. Jaus of Calicut speaks of an F opposition preacher he met at the fair at Kirur. This man appears to have himself compiled a pamphlet against Chris- tianity, and offered it for sale by reading out passages from it; it contains the old and often-repeated twaddle on Christ having stolen an ass, cursed the fig-tree, and similar nonsense. Regarding house-to-house visits Mr. Jaus gives his experi- ence as follows:— L 56 “On the whole we have met with a kind reception in many houses, but the reverse has sometimes been the case. With educated Hindus kindness towards the missionary on the one hand is combined with a decided aversion to the gospel on the other. One of these, a Brahmin by caste, spoke in high terms of the missionaries and the results of their work; he also expressed his high admiration for Jesus, declaring that Jesus was one of the greatest religious reformers of mankind; His moral teaching was supreme and deserved unreserved imitation by Hindus also. But men of his type were to be found at all times and among all nations. Now- a-days Swami Vivekananda was the great religious teacher, who deserved the highest admiration for his enthusiasm and eloquence, by which he had succeeded in converting thousands of Americans and Englishmen to Vedantism. By his achievements it had been proved beyond doubt that Hinduism excelled Christianity in power and spirit; the latter suited the unlearned, but Hinduism was the very religion for the educated, being in harmony with all the results of modern science.”’ 5, Medical Mission. Our Medical Mission at Calicut has now passed through its first year without the presence of Dr. E. Liebendirfer, its founder and superintendent for many years. His successor, Dr. W. Stokes, assisted by Miss Hanhart, has been able to successfully attend to his new and manifold duties without interruption. Under the blessing of God, this work has from small beginnings 10 years ago, developed to such an extent, that it now comprises two hospitals at Calicut, and two branch-stations at Codacal and Vaniyankulam respectively. The hospital at Vaniyankulam, formerly belonging to Government, has only lately been taken charge of by the Mission, and we are glad to state that we have been enabled to do so by the liberal assistance of Government as well as by the kind sympathy and patro- nage of the Neittyar of the Kawalapura Estate. . We desire to give expression to our sense of sincere gratitude towards this 57 AL E AR L My. Stokes friend and all other supporters of the work. reports on the last year’s work as follows:— “Tt is with mingled feelings of pleasure and disappointment, of joy and sorrow, but withal of great thankfulness, that I look back upon my first year of Medical Mission work in India. Practical work leaves very little time for the study of the language, and I have felt this personally in not being able to speak to the patients as I should have liked to. They are, however, my best ‘munshis’ and each consultation increases my vocabulary. Another drawback has been the want of a competent Christian dresser. During the past year I have been obliged to have no less than five changes, the last experience being very trying. The man seemed suitable in every way, but on arrival I found he lacked one indispensable qualification and that was—hearing. We hope to commence the new year under happier auspices, as I now have a man who has been in medical mission work before, and seems in every way the right one. Under these circumstances, I have been very glad of the help of Miss Hanhart, who has not only helped me in surgical cases, but has had the management and giving out of stores at the Hospital as well as the Leper Asylum. Calicut Hospital. During the year we have treated 28,915 out- patients and 221 in-patients, with 31 operations. These consisted chiefly of the removal of tumours, abscesses, one case of cancer of the lip, cataract and labour cases. About half the number had to be performed without chloroform, and, I am glad to say, were sueccessful. The majority of the patients were heathen and heard the gospel faithfully preached by the catechist and bible-woman, and many of them more than once. Although we have not seen much fruit as yet, we know that His word carried into so many distant homes, will not return unto him void. Many promise in hours of suffering to become Christians, but with renewed health comes forgetfulness. On the other hand we have been encouraged by a few, who were in the hospital, deciding to leave their false gods and serve Christ. The gratitude of the heathen more especially is very pleasing. 8 58 e Besides dropping small coins into the poor box they bring offerings in kind, of eggs, fruit, fowl, fish, ete. We have had one baptism in the hospital, and that of a poor man, who had been ill for months; he received the name of Joseph and died very peacefully. Another poor creature was Magdalena, as she was baptised; and a veritable ‘Magdalen’ she had been; so diseased, that at first we took her into the Leper Asylum. It was not leprosy, however, and she recovered so far as to be able to work for a short time, but soon came back to the hospital, where she died after seven months of great suffering. The case of an old Mopla woman, who was operated on for cataract, was very touching. She waited patiently day after day, till the bandages were removed, and then great was her joy. She held her hand before her eyes and told off her fingers one by one, calling out between alternate laughter and tears: ‘I can see!’ She seemed grateful and thanked us for having saved her from the life of a blind beggar. Another woman disap- peared from the hospital leaving behind her infant child. This foundling has been adopted and is gladdening the hearts of a child- less Christian couple. An old Sanyasi after all his wanderings found his way here. He was quite confident that he had worked out his own salvation and would hear nothing of Christ; all he wanted was food, as long as life lasted. After his death we found in his bundle, in many wrappings, sand from the beds of sacred rivers, herbs, roots, and powders of supposed efficacy or sanctity, and just coppers enough to pay for his burial. There are some who do not hesitate to abuse the privileges of the hospital. One man, for instance, presented himself and family, saying they wished to become Christians, and at the same time he wished to be treated. He used to get strange paroxysms of pain and roll about in seeming agony; moreover he always insisted on his wife’s constant attendance. He used to spend hours reading the Bible aloud and attended the instruction for baptism, but any sugges- tion of working brought on one of his attacks. At last we got him settled in a house with something to do, and then ‘Krishnan’ soon returned to his native village. (PSR 59 Many children are brought with foreign bodies, such as shells, betel nuts, ete. in their noses and ears, and one child had swallowed a fish bone. They are very troublesome little patients, and there is nothing for it but to have them held down and to set to work amid screams and struggles. Snake-bite cases are very numerous. They generally come on dark nights with torches and rouse me up with shouts of ‘Saib’ and vigorous hammerings at the door. They are very superstitious and ask a great many useless questions regarding diet, bathing, ete. One man actually thought he needed treatment, because the snake had passed over his foot! Among the more serious cases handled in the hospital was that of a man whose foot I at one time thought should be amputated. His relatives brought 3 Rupees and begged me to spare him his foot; we were able to do so, but it was a very slow process. Visits to heathen patients in their homes are an interesting feature of the work. Sometimes it is to the house of a well-to-do Hindu or Mopla,—at one of the former a snake quietly glided out of the door-way and all the inmates stood aside, no one daring to touch the sacred serpent,—but more often it is to a wretehed hovel, with the patient lying on the floor and where one has to descend to that level to operate. But wherever it is, the crowd of sympathetic friends and relatives is never wanting. I order them out, but still it is a very public performance. ~ Many come to us when every treatment has failed and the disease so aggravated by native medi- cines, that death seems imminent, —because they say we can inter- cede on their behalf with our God. A new house for the catechist has been built close by the hospital, so that now we have our buildings all compact. In time we hope to supply a greatly felt need in having a small lying-in- hospital. The natives themselves have promised to contribute to- wards this building. Codacal.—Our branch-hospital here has done well under the faithful dresser Joseph, and I am thankful indeed to have a man During the year we have in whom I can place such confidence. 8% 60 ——— treated 15,015 out-patients and 74 in-patients. To the congrega- tion here, which is a large one, the hospital is a great boon. With the new year we hope to commence work at Vaniyankulam, It is by receiving from Government the hospital they have closed. in a very populous part of the country and will prove a good centre for medical mission work. The Leper Asylum.—We opened the year with 20 on the rolls and closed with 21. During that time 9 new patients were admitted, 5 died (2 Christians and 3 heathen) and 3 were discharged; the total number of lepers treated being 88 for the last year. Arranged according to religious professions they stand as follows: 10 Protestant Christians, 1 Roman Catholic, 5 Hindus, 5 Moham- medans. Among those admitted was a little bright-faced mite of 10. The disease has not caused any disfigurement as yet, but still it is there and condemns her to this life of isolation. Together with two men, she was baptized this Christmas-tide, receiving the name of Martha. Her mother who had been an inmate for some time, was at first very much opposed to Christianity. At last, however, she expressed her wish for baptism, but died before it was administered. Although not allowed the privilege of joining the Church here, we believe she has entered into that above. Another death was that of Daniel. Knowing his end was near, he desired the sacrament. Soon after he remarked in quite an ordinary tone to his companions: ‘Salaam, brothers, I am going,’ and fell asleep. As regards medical treatment, I have met with great sucecess in giving eucalyptus oil. The difference between those who take it regularly and those who dislike it and would not do so, is very marked. The lepers themselves call it a good medicine. In conclusion I would heartily thank all the kind friends, who with their money and sympathy have helped us through another year’s work, and especially the members of the firm of Messrs. Peirce, Leslie and Co. for their generous donation.” ———— 61 VI. The Nilgiri District.» Our Nilgiri Mission may look back on a year which has in a special manner been rich in manifold blessings and given us cause in a particular sense to praise the Lord for all His benefits. 1 The Jubilee of the Mission. Fifty years have passed since the Basel Mission was led, by circumstances showing clearly divine guidance, to begin work among the tribes in- habiting the Nilgiri hills, When we review the history of the Mission during this long period, abounding as it does in trials of various kinds and in numerous proofs of divine grace, we may well raise an Ebenezer in praise of the Lord who hath hitherto helped us. To sketch in a few words the origin and gradual growth of the Mission, we cannot but gratefully mention the name of the late Mr. Casamajor, of the Madras Civil Service, who had retired to.the beautiful Kaity valley; for it was at his suggestion and by his munifi- cence that our Mission which had but a few years back entered upon the Indian Mission-field, was induced and enabled to add the Nilgiris to the other three districts it had already occupied. We may even say that Mr. Casamajor was himself the very first “missionary” on these hills,—the very first who, constrained by the love of Christ and moved with compassion towards the heathen surrounding him, began to proclaim the gospel among them. With this object in view he opened a school and a dispensary on his own property and at his own expense; he even began in his old age to learn Canarese and Badaga, and above all, like a true priest, incessantly interceded in fervent prayer for the salvation of the hill-tribes. But being convinced that the work of evangelization could not be effectually accomplished, unless some Missionary Society stepped in, and having made the aequaintance of Dr. Mogling, Mr. Weigle and other members of the Basel Mission, with whom he was connected by an intimate Christian friendship, he decided to make 62 pin e the Basel Mission his sole heir, and requested our Home- Committee to station a missionary, specially selected for the work, at Kaity. The work thus begun by this devoted disciple of Christ was zealously carried on by men like Messrs. Weigle, Morike, Biihler, Metz, Biihrer, and others. The names of the saintly Mr. Morike, and the indefatigable Mr. Metz, both of whom were privileged to labour on the hills from 20 to 80 years, are at the present time still well remembered and highly revered by both Christian and non-christian Badagas. The missionaries had, however, to toil for many years, before they were permitted to see the seed sown yield fruit. Twelve years passed before the first Badaga convert was prepared to tear himself away from his family and from his tribe and ‘‘bear the reproach of Christ” by receiving baptism in His name. This joyful event occurred on the 31st January 1858, The man, who came forward as the first-fruit from among the Badagas, received the name of Abraham; he proved himself worthy of this name as one who “walked in the steps of the faith of our father b Abraham?”’, Within eighteen months after his conversion he had the happiness of witnessing the baptism of his entire household. Several other families followed him in the ecourse of time. The last ten years have been remarkably fruitful in conversions and this in spite of the severe persecution suffered by the converts on account of the unabated fanaticism of the non-christian Badagas. In 1855 a small Orphanage was started at Kaity. In 1867 Kotageri was opened as a new head-station. In 1886 the Cooly-mission at Coonoor was taken charge of by the Kaity missionaries. Much attention has of late been given to school-work; a Training School was opened at Kaity, and later on a Catechists’ Seminary. Numerous village schools have also been started, which have proved a success- ful means of disseminating Christian knowledge among the heathen youth and preparing the way for their conversion. Thus the work has, under the blessing of God, steadily developed; the mustard-seed has grown and become a big tree with many branches. This is the Lord’s doing, it is marvellous in our eyes. The following are the principal statistics of the Mission after 50 years’ labour : head-stations, 2; out-stations, 30 : communicants, 270 63 e church-members, 554 ; catechumens, 10; schools, 32; pupils, 875 ; pastor, 1; catechists, 9; Christian schoolmasters, 35. The Jubilee of the Mission was celebrated on Trinity Sunday (May 31st) at Kaity by a special service, which was largely attended, not only by Native Christians, but also by a good number of European friends,—which added much to the solemnity of the occasion. Stirring addresses were delivered by Messrs. Stokes, Ernst, Qrossmann, Pastor J. Kanaka, Catechist Isaiah Konga, and by our friends Col. Stevenson, Mr. Cowdell, and Mr. Framcis, of Ooty. Mr. Wieland compiled for the occasion a short sketch of the history of the Mission, which has since been printed and published. 2. Conversions. In addition to the jubilee festivities some other joyful events occurred in the course of the year, which combined to distinguish the past year as a season of special blessing and rejoicing to our Nilgiri Mission. At the beginning of the year the missionaries at Kaity were sorely grieved by some serious offences having come to light; and they doubted whether it was advisable under such circumstances to celebrate the jubilee at all. But shortly afterwards they were greatly rejoiced by some conversions, and their joy was en- hanced by the fact that some of the converts were inhabitants of Kaity-village. Until lately the proud among the Kaity villagers were boasting, that the Mission had not succeeded in turning a single inhabitant of their village to Christianity, and this notwithstanding 50 years’ labour. Their vain glory has now been put to shame. By the conversion of three Kaity men three houses of Kaity-village have been opened to the Mission. Altogether 29 souls were admitted to the Church by baptism at Kaity, and 7 at Kotageri. Mr. Erns writes thus with reference to some of the conversions:— “ At Achinakalla, near Kaity, there lived until lately only one Chris- tian who had found his Saviour some years ago. IHis son, who was not 64 e on the best of terms with him before his conversion, became now animated with increased aversion and took delight in squandering the ancestral property. At this the father was much grieved, but at last suceceeded in persuading him to live with him at Achinakalla. Some time afterwards the son determined to accept Christ also. But his path was thorny, as his two wives were. filled with deep-rooted prejudice against Christianity. Wild and extravagant rumours are current among the Badagas about some horrible customs practised by Christians. It is said, e. g., that Christians cook rice with the blood of the cow, and on Christmas they are believed to kill a cow, of which all partake alike. They are also said to prepare a bewitch- ing powder, which the Bible-women distribute in villages. We advised the man to retain only one wife and dismiss the younger one; his two boys were sent to our sehool. The remaining wife got by and by reconciled to her husband’s step and was baptized with him, “Some time afterwards there came a young Badaga woman, who had becn led to believe in Christ as her Redeemer. Her husband and her parents-in-law were quite exasperated, when she left her newly-born baby with them and sought refuge with us. She adopted this course, in order to induce her husband to soon follow her with the child. Her expectations seemed almost realized, when not long afterwards her husband came, but she soon learnt, that his intention was not to join her, but to marry another woman. One day the young woman disappeared with her child. She had returned to But she was her people, in order to win her husband, if possible. only allowed a small corner of the verandah, and seeing that her husband had no compassion upon her, left the place in great distress. After some time our veteran Catechist Isaiak brought the news, that her hasband had come and intended to follow his wife. No sooner had the young man taken refuge with us, than his kindred, maddened with wrath, closely followed at his heels. Knowing the S Te— unbounded malignity of his pursuers, he kept close to my side, and on perceiving them approaching the compound, fled to my study and remained there, until they returned under cover of the night. His old father, who had just returned from Mysore, fainted under the distress and lay on the floor with his eyes shut. When we whis- 65 pered into his ears, that his son had ecome to speak to him, he opened his eyes, exclaiming: ‘Oh God! oh God! His son approached him 1t with filial love, and we hope that the father’s heart will melt under the rays of his son’s love. So husband and wife are Joined again i and are both diligent students of God’s Word. i Later on u man from Kaity-village made his appearance, declar- ing that when a boy he attended our school and once even made up d his mind to make a public confession of his faith, but had been pre- 6 vented from doing so. Now heseemed determined to take the decisive f step. The next day he attended divine service at our church, broke his caste, and after some time sent his son to our school. His [} relatives were furious with indignation at this step and declared that L he had forfeited his ancestral property. The whole village was a scene of excitement; his wife deserted him; friends vehemently protested against his design. His sister implored him to return or at least to tell her the reasons actuating him to go over to the é’ ‘Veda’. He related the story of the destruction of Sodom and )8 Gomorrah, pointing out that as Kaity was as wicked, God would d also pour over it the vial of his wrath, and therefore he had fled to the ‘Veda’, whence no body could entice him to depart. Thereupon his sister replied: ¢If this be your econvietion, then remain in the ‘Veda’." There remained for him still a hard struggle, viz. to overcome the habit of opium eating, the national vice of the 10 Badagas, but he succeeded by God’s help. His wife came back 5 and joined him, when he sent her word, that he would not interfere ) with her religion, nor compel her to accept his. i Thus in the first instance a father has been instrumental in win- i ning his son for Christ, in the second a wife in drawing her hushand over to Christianity; and in the third a man in eonferring the bless- ings of the gospel on his whole family. In future may the gospel (4 spread on the hills and elsewhere by Christians themselves winning their relatives and friends for Christ (John 1. 40-42; 45, 46)!"” 3. Re-union of excommunicated Christians. Another joyful event which gladdened our hearts towards the end of the year, 0 was the re-union with their mother-church of some of the 9 66 * ' —_— excommunicated Nerkambe Christians. The persons concerned are the sons of the first Badaga convert, the venerable Abraham, of whom we spoke on page 62. But whilst the latter served his heavenly Master in humility and childlike simplicity, matters were different with his sons to the extreme regret of the missionaries, who had, on several occasions, to reprove them. In the year 1888 they had to be excommunicated for grave offences, whereupon they severed their connection with the Basel Mission and joined the Roman Catholic Church. All attempts made to regain them failed on account of their obstinacy and unwillingness to repent. The breach thus caused in our Nilgiri Church was painfully felt by missionaries and Christians alike as a sore wound affecting the whole body. Nine years had passed, when quite unexpectedly the way was prepared by the Lord’s working, for the return of some of | & them to their mother-church. As a matter of fact, these Christians have from their youth imbibed too much of evangelical truth, to find peace and rest in Romanism. Although they tried for many years cutwardly to submit to Roman practice, they were unable to reconcile their conscience to what they were inwardly convineced was opposed to Holy Scripture. Now it happened, when Mr. Wieland of Kaity was staying at Nerkambe for some days during the last monsoon, in order to superintend the repair of our little chapel, that Isaac, the head of the excommunicated family, sought for an occasion of ap- proaching the missionary, and in the course of the ensuing conversa- tion asked for permission to attend our services again. The request was gladly complied with, and great was the joy among all Chris- tian Badagas, when on the 18th October 14 of the excommunicated Nerkambe Christians, after a separation of 9 years, met again in the nicely repaired chapel in unity with the other Christians to worship their common Lord and Saviour. We count this happy issue of long-standing differences a special blessing which the Lord has kindly bestowed on us in our jubilee yéar. 67 i ey 4., Extension of work. A house for a catechist and a small meeting-room has been erected at Coonoor; a catechist has also been stationed there permanently, to assist Mr. Stokes in the Cooly-Mission and to conduct Sunday services for our Christians living in Coonoor. At Kallhatti, a village centrally situated to the north of Ooty, a site has been purchased and a house built to serve as lodgings for the missionary and his Towards the end of the assistants on their preaching tours. year we have been enabled to settle at Nellakotta, by taking charge of the work which has hitherto been conducted privately by our friend, Mr. Liebenrood. The native agent who was employed by him, an old member of our Church, has been admitted to the ranks of our catechists. We are glad to have thus been enabled to get a firm footing in the Wynaad District, in which our Kaity missionaries have been working for a number of years. 5 Cooly-Mission. The hands of the aged Mr. Stokés, the superintendent of the Cooly-Mission in the neighbourhood of Coonoor, having been strengthened by an additional labourer, he has with his assistants been enabled regularly to proclaim the good tidings at the weekly market and in the different native quarters of Coonoor. Besides, 34 plantations, 23 Badaga villages, 4 Toda-munds, 4 Kurumba-malhas, and 4 villages of low-caste people, have been visited during the year. In the hot season Mr. Stokes attended also 3 heathen festivals in the Coimbatore District, to which the Badagas and other hill-tribes flock in great numbers. CAEANEN 9* Conclusion. We have now finished our review of the past year’s work, and in conclusion feel constrained to give praise to Him, unto whom all honour and every success is due, and whose grace alone enables us to labour for Him We commit the work to His future guidance. May He overrule our mistakes, forgive our short- comings, purify our Churches, and fill the workers with > His Holy Spirit! We desire also to tender our warmest thanks to the friends, who have given us their sympathy and assistance in the great work entrusted to us. We cannot, however, conclude this report without giving expression to our deep sense of sincere rever- ence and gratitude to Her Most Gracious Majesty, the Queen of England and Empress of India, on the aus- picious occasion of the completion of the sixtieth year We are the more constrained to do so, of Her reign. because, although we are foreigners, we feel that we are united with Her Majesty and many of her subjects in the bonds of the same precious faith. Being, as it were, guests in this land, we are the more thankful for the blessings we are privileged to enjoy under a liberal and Christian Government, for the liberty and pro- tection afforded ‘us, and the encouragement we have Lo 69 received at the hands of many of Her Majesty’s God- fearing officials and subjects for the prosecution of our missionary work. We may confidently say, that we shall ever deem it one of our bounden duties, as ser- vants of Christ, to enjoin on our Churches the sacred duties of loyalty and obedience towards Her Majesty’s Government. We also desire on their behalf gratefully to acknowledge the inestimable benefits they have, as Christians, derived under the just and impartial rule of the British Government. But above all we ascribe praise and glory to thé Lord, the Giver of all good, because, in His infinite wisdom and mercy, He has used this long and glorious reign as a means of extending His Kingdom in this and in other lands under Her Majesty’s sway, and thus brought the blessings of the gospel to millions of our race. T e Subscriptions and Donations Towards the Mission-Fund Received during the year 1896. A $<& All sums received on or after the 1st of January 1897 will be acknow- ledged in the Report for 1897. s. As., P. Rs. As MANGALORE. W. Wright Esq. 12 Biddle Esq., Honavar by A friend 100 - Rev. Hermelink 20 Ed Richter Esq., towards Kurrachee, Easter-offering 20 Pay of Catechist 120 W. H. Welsh Esq. 22 G. Haller Esq. 22 H. Gibson Esq. C. Somiah Esq., R. B. 25 C. B. Oakley Esq. W. B. Green Esq. P. A. Booty Esq. I. E. Green Esq. D. J. Macfarlane Esq. A friend g g N“ NG i CO OO OO O S Ore O O © J. N. Hensman Esq. For the Cooly-Mission. Through Messrs. Warden & Co., Bomba, < . W. Wright Esq. 12 (=) (=} Alex. J. Agabeg Esq. 10 ANANDAPUR. George Cotton Esq. 10 Geo. K. H. J. Logan Esq. 12 I. Andrew Esq E Mrs. Grant o J. Grant Esq. = = W. Mackay Esq. G. R. Moore Esq. &y A. N. West Esq. M. D’Vas Esq. Frank Brown Esq. PERomPFY . [ =N - 6 R 2 yonnais M. Gerrard Esq. 0. Becker Esq. . A. H. Jackson Esq. A. Brockmann Esq. DO = UTULND =D SO0 O0COOCOOoOOCOooO0OQ COLCOoOOOLPLPOoOoCOOeS [« DHARWAR dbPHPOQNPREOEH R E e A 3] O Ot O O Ot Ot Ot Ot O Ot Ot Ot Ot Ot e OO OO OO0 OO0 OO OO OO0 O OO OO0 OO OO OOC QO A. Cappal Esq. 25 Surgeon Major Davidson MERCARA A. Courpalais Esq. 15 For the General Fund. I. Duggan Esq. W. Mackworth Young Esq. 50 I. Fraser Esq. G. T. Meiklejohn Esq. J. Jukes Esq. 12 L. B. Buckly Esq. 13 F. Muir Esq. T. C. Carr Esq. S. Partridge Esq. 10 Rev. A. Fennel 20 I. Reynold Esq. 12 E. A. Fennel Esq. 15 OO OO oo 5 e B e oo e L P. Scott Esq. COIOOe OO0 COOO0OCDOOCO O 71 oot Rs. As. P. Rs AR B, b a0l 0 W. A. Talbort Esq. J. H. Bullivant Esq., M. A 'W. Thorley Esq. 20 1Sy 10 W. Wright Esq. 12 B & B8 S 100 10 § S o O g g: M. Stuart Esq. G. S. Markat Esq. PALGHAT. ) £ For the Girls’ Orphanage Mrs. Tomlinson 10 Rev. W. Baillie 24 12 @ < Mrs. Dupen G. Beatham Esq. KAITY. W. L. Cameron Esq. Surg. Major D. C. Davidson A. N. Groves Esq. 100 Two friends at Ooty 100 I. Fraser Esq. A Courpalais Esq. Th. Stanes Esq. 50 I. Shaw Esq. W. R. James Esq. 50 ‘:gz =) e e =) “])j His Lordship the Bishop 'W. Shepperd Esq. of Madras P. Scott Esq. % 50 < W. Stuart Esq. Collection at the Union Hall, F. Muir Esq. 10 Ootacamund 38 25 G. Wood Esq. 10 W. H. Stanes Esq. W. Wright Esq. 24 A. E. Ramsey Esq. 25 W. Partridge Esq. 190 W. Macworth Young Esq. 25 25 Mr. Bhimaji Angavi Alex. Allan Esq. N. N A. 8. Cowdell Esq. 25 FEe s A grateful friend A friend 20 10 C WO ODOCOODODOOOOOCOOOOCO OO OO e OO OCOOOOO0OO0OO D O OISO © O O CoOoOoOoCOoOOoO® Dr. Cardoz at Hubly From the Ooty convention His Excellency the Governor HUBLY. of Madras 20 R. A. 15 A friend 10 HONAVAR. b G 12 D. Hooper Esq. 10 E. H Mascardi Esq. Rev. I. Bishop 10 H. Ingle Esq. 23 T. G. Breithaupt Esq. 10 M. Philips Esq. M. Young Esq. 10 CANNANORE. Col. Stevenson 10 10 Capt. Hedley 10 James Stanes Esq.! Capt. Denne Hon. F. Grose 10 Lieut. Garrat Col: Percelli M. H. 10 (=m)i) ey ) SFOTS O W. Schmidt Esq. Mrs. Hamnett TELLICHERRY. Major Reynolds J. B. B. Maclead Esq. R. Tatham Esq. A. L. B. W. Badcock Esq. R. A. Alexander Esq. DO =t OT QO (== (el e (S (= e o ) Mrs. Tremenheere T. Richmond Esq. A. H. Kaundinya Esq CALICUT. Mrs. Yoder Mrs. Ferguson 24 I. I Mrs. A. W. Macrae 24 Miss van Someren Mrs. M. V. Baker 12 Mrs. C. H. L. Wright Mrs. M. Venacet E. Schnaré Esq. Miss M. Maiden Mrs. Addis D. N. Morrison Esq. 10 Th. Eagan Esq. C. B. Oakley Esq. (=fesf e sy onion) () (=) o) Hem) emliamy (<=} o) Mrs. 8. Antony O W W W W WWo Otot ot ot Ot ot Ot Ut & e OIS O O OO0 O0Ie SO 00RO OV OO COOCODOLPOCOOCOOOOOOOCQLCCOOOOCOOO © Rs. As. P. - 1. Pegg Esq. (0] B n B Geo. Maddox Esq, €. B. Barcley Esq. SR Kaity Lodge [ " [ [} =] [=5 Mrs. Mc.Ivor < ° A. M. Jones Esq. W E. Keyworth Esq. Rev. F. M. Hawkins émzb ©. B. B. j=v el c> N o P o) = - T. Kember Esq. Mrs. E. Walsh zm 2 B Mr's.v,Granville Malet = Mrs. Wiele L) = ot S o J. Coleman Esq. HeHEaErpbEPEZEEPMKTOR (02] J. Fryer BEsq, éé @ 1 Th. Brown Esq. Three friends O CCOPCOOO DO H i b — OB 0We®IDOLDLDEOODODOODOOO (= G R B e U e B o o Y <> B com B o B o e Y =B e i e B o B o Y Mrs. Dashe Mrs. W I. Heath Mrs. Reed For the Cooly-Mission. A. D, Pilloor Estate (Messrs. W. R. Hunter & Allen) 120 i W s Hill Grove Estate 120 55 sl & Mrs. Francis T. Stanes Esq. Mrs. Atkinson R. W. James Esq. 45 8. K. James Esq. H. Stanes Esq. 25 14 Mrs Me.Leish Mrs. Mullaly Mrs Hadfield Mrs. M. Hayne oo OoC [ = I =B = e B = =) Mrs Macfarlane KOTAGERI. Mrs Sherman Mrs Parkinson His Lordship the Bishop Mrs A. Parkins of Madras 30 F. Kurtz Esq. Miss Cockburn 50 Miss F. Dussman Mrs. D. Cockburn 30 100 Mec. Murray Esq. Frank Groves Esq. Mrs. Seager Miss Hooper (£ 2.) 34 M. Atkinson Esq. Rev. C. Cooper C. Vernede Esq. Mrs. Morley Mrs. Cawdry Miss. Dickinson R. Proudlock Esq Mrs. H. D. Goldsmith 8. Grove Esq. Mrs. Westcott Mrs. Green A friend C. Job Esq L. Kindersley Esq. M. C. M. L D. Macleman Esq. 'W. Deane Esq. Bs. W. P. Scott Esq. Mrs. Griffith en Miss Norfor DD TR OOt UL DD WO Ut ot o0 00cOoOOoOOCOCOOROOO@ [ B N o Y e R e Y o S o e i e S e e e e B i e ) Proceeds of the Ladies’ ien working meeting at I%: } P e bk ped ek bl ek ek b ek fed ek e b bl el ek ped fed el ped el fd el ek P et ek DD DO RO DD DD DO DO DO DD DO DD DO DO RO RO DD RO DO DD DO GO O o P e P = e 4 e 0 o e 8 om0 1 o o ik B oo S o 28 o B e B e o 1 2 o o ] o 8 o i, o T e o fo e e o o s e g e o e e o OOOOOOOOCDOOCDOE}> OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO:U 40 10 Kotageri 73 SEN A Donations from Members of the Congregations and other Native Friends. MANGALORE. Rs = o) BETTIGERI. Bs As Messrs. L. Joshus & Sons 60 Different gifts 11,11 Mr. Albert Welta 10 12 BIJAPUR. Jeppoo Prayer-meeting Dr. Radzock Messrs. Th. & N. Pearl 12 Mr. Th. Roberts HONAVAR. Mr. H. Aiman Mr. Daniel Santwana F. G., Kudroly Mr. Christadasa Israel Mr. S. Gold N. N. Mr. L. Furtado N. N. P O L SO0 oSO o9 N. N N N % - [N T B o T o B e i e i o B = B = i e =) —oo0ococ0o0o0co0 S CANNANORE. Towards the repair of the Shanti-Church P. J. Ittereyah Esq., Munsif 10 on Balmattha. Th. Ch. 5 Mr. M. Verghese 3 Congregation Special collection 606 Mission-box of the work- people of the Weaving Legacy of late Mr. I. T. V’. Establishment. 817 ND Saldanha 100 TELLICHERRY. 7 For the Orphanages in in South Canara. Rev. D. Fernandez Mr. Paul Pilo Mr. Th. Roberts 10 Mr. Joseph MULKY. Krishnan Esq., Sub Judge From the Catechists Students of the Theol. Sem OO W W ot W wo OO S o acc ” ” » Christian High UDIPI. School, Nettur Different gifts KARKAL. CHOMBALA. Mr. J. A. Kumaran 10 Different gifts Congregation 16 12 BASRUR. Orphans of the Orphanage 0 A heathen friend CALICUT. From the Christians at Basrur, Kundapur, Keilkeri Mrs. Rebececa 1. and Barkur 4 M. P. First earnings KASARAGOD. P. Claudia, first earnings Putiangady Sunday School :j. :)(1; (== B = Sale-proceeds of eggs by two boys CODACAL. DHARWAR. Congregation of Chalacheri VANIYANKULAM. Mrs. Bhagiavanti Ullagadde 5 N. N. HUBLY Elisabeth (0.0} 0 Mr. Jonathan Havala — Jonas 0 Mr. Dharmappa Unakall Mr. Rayappa PALGHAT. Mrs. Elisabeth Aralikatti Mr. Matthai 15 S Mr. Ratna Murnal = DN NO ey ey femles) OO0 O Others 10 74 KAITY Rs- As. :: Mr. S. Jeremiah Mr, Peter Abraham 0 3 K. Murugesam Emmanuel 3 Shantappa Abr. David Kaleb 3 Jes. Konga Jes. Shanta e SRR R O Aaron Damar Lemuel Soens Samuel Damar Mose Kari Elisa Daniel Jes. Daniel S. Benjamin A. Santosham Ephraim P. Barnabas 7:::, Pitchumuttu QOO OIS > O 00 Q0 0 G O P w @® Do e oo oo oo e Jesudasan $ 3 3 3 2 KOTAGERI. J. Joseph Jesuadian Mr Joseph Hiria no Daniel Bella Paranjoti T % 3 3 Vedamanikan n Samuel Malli ” V. Gnanapragasam Ananda Rev. J. Kanaka E. D. J. :,:7 Sebastian Mr. Henry Kodot Christian Ajja ” E. I. Whitechurch Simon Bala Mrs. Catharina Luke — ” M. 8. Gnanapragasam Mr. Joseph Meda John H. Bella R. Muduranna Jakam Job Rachel ” Johann Bella Peter Kalla A. Bommanna Gabriel Kanaka g Aaron Titus ” Joseph Belli ” A. Joseph Benjamin Samuel Gnanasigamany ” OO OC O I o D DD O GOt P W DR OO SIS OO SiolS So oS e o o0 oo Nath. Palani P o @00 @ o i B = ErpE FEL Gl Lol B 1o K P p® OB WO OOO P00 o000 000 OO CoOoO OO0 o o000 o0PooS o000 o000 o0 Joseph Pache Pie Collection. Mangalore 113 Tellicherry 38 — Mulky 1 Chombala 33 Udipi 38 Calicut 27 . Karkal Codacal 17 Basrur Vaniyankulam 15 21 Pt ek — Kasaragod Palghat Mercara 12 m:ogmmoo Kaity 15 Cannanore 64 13 WO ~=OOO Kotageri W O W B Ot W W o DO = PO =O 75 — Subscriptions and Donations towards the Sick-house and Poor-Fund at Mangalore. Rs. As. P Rs . W. H. Welsh Esq. i J. M. Hensman Esq. ot Mr. G. May L. C, Miller Esq. 12 H. G. Joseph Esq. Messrs. Th. & N. Pearl P. A. Booty Esq. n L. Joshua & Sons C. B. Oakley Esq. Mr. Th. Roberts 10 (gé Mr. L. Furtado D. J. Macfarlane Esq F. Gompertz Esq. N. N. Mrs. Ball [y - Or o1 O W O (;;;) From the Missionaries 66 S OO OO0CO WO ccocoocoo® Donations towards the Medical Mission, Calicut. Messrs. Peirce Leslie & Co. 100 C. Oakley Esq. Mrs. Macrae 32 G. W. Dance Esq. 20 ” Ferguson A. Brown Esq. ” Baker 10 J. P. Venant Esq. 10 ” Wilson Rev. Molesworth 10 Rev. J. Knobloch Miss Tocher S. P. Carless Esq 20 Amos Maistry 10 E. Davis Esq. 15 A Subscription 27 J. Mackay Esq. T. Schlunk Esq. H. Bullivant Esq Church Poor Fund : 5 oo OoOOoOOCOeC OO o0 @O O OO0 O W. Shaw Esq. &0 00000 DN S e o0 e GO 00 E.& 0. E Mangalore Treasurer | Cpilms L ST e 10% GONTENTS. Page. List of European Missionaries Statistical Tables . ° . 12 Table of Stations, Out-stations and Agents Report. 18 Introductory Remarks 1. Statistical Remarks . . . ° 20 1. European Workers, 20 ; 2. Native Workers, 23 ; 3. Numerical Strength, 24. 11, South Canara . 26 1. General Remarks, 26 ; 2. Secession of some Chris- tians, 27; 3. Attitude of the heathen population, 28; b} 4, Itinerancy, 29 ; Work among Malayalees, 30 ; > 6. A new Station, 32. Tl Coorg . 33 1. Conversions, 33 ; 2. Preaching among the hea- then, 34 ; 3. Extention of work, 35. LY. South Mahratta 36 1. Difficulties and Trials, 36; 2. General attitude of the heathen, 38 ; 3. Encouragements, 40; Preaching among the heathen, 42. V. Malabar . 44 1. Conversions, 44 ; 2. Difficulties and Trials, 48; 8. Condition of the Churches, 51; 4. Preaching among the heathen 84; 5. Medical Mission, 56. VI. Nilgiris . 61 1. The Jubilee, 61 ; 2. Conversions, 63 ; 3. Re-union of excommunicated Christians, 65 ; 4. Extension of work, 67 ; Cooly-Mission, 67. Conelusion 68 Subseriptions and Donations received 70 P W W N\ N N ey o - Subscriptions and Donations will be thankfully received by Mr. H. Altenmiiller, Mangalore, Treasurer of the Soc1ety, and by all the Senior Missionaries at the dlfferent Statlons. At Bombay Mr. S. E. Warden (of Messrs. Warden & Co., Hummum Street), at Madras Messrs. Arbuthnot & Co., and in Liondon Mr. I. P. Werner, No. 46, New Broad Qtreet, E.C 23 e have kiudly undertaken to receive contributions for our i Mission. . % s = i X e & = o fs Y o 2 &, P s 8 e ! o oo 62 o 2 . i 2 08 T i e 2 SR e e -~ e ot e o 2 i T S35 5 A o > & % 5 (> - ‘a £ i & b e % 4 Sy e & o B % * EX b i PE) A £ & 3 £ S ¥ % o ’X & b 3 5 A e e 3 ot i *7‘. b % £ EU o N s & e e ¥ S &y | 4 ¢ 2 7 * ¥, o i 5 e h0 X * ;N.%m. id 5 & c o 2% 3 e i el Z o £t iy 3, i fo ‘ o £ 75 e 3 L B o 5% o & %5 S ads e e i Lt &y b v W £ 2 = Sy <t G o S A e H 24 b A & & 3o oo & iy & = 4 3 L 3 s o 2 oty L & et £t X 5 B 5 R o o o b 5 o 2, s 3 54 6% 2 §ee) ey 4 o i < % by Y e - i 2 & 4 . 23 o & 8 < ) 'y pcs % s e ks T s 4 cm o Euroskala Offset THE = Q Co —r FIETY-SEVENTH REEORT VierFarbSelector Standard * = Balance OF THE o o L BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION}- Focus ; ki N IN 13 SOUTH-WESTERNSRRD [ A 1 FOR THE YEAR 11 & 10 1896 6 5 é 4 MANGALORE PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS 3 1897 2 M Copyright 4/1999 YxyMaster GmbH www.yxymaster.com 1