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The fifty-fourth report of the Basel German Evangelical mission in South-Western India for the year 1893, 54 e - 34 i o i€ i ¥ A %23 ¥ s a8 A 2o 5 ! o Lol Ae Rt H&ﬂ A 58 L # e " s Pk 2 A hi¢ o & 4 B 3%, 4-?,35% B 3 i 1 3% 394 53 &b Dac 1% P e LS N12<524391112 021 WU ... e Crrst uchbiirgere §Popiert wUbrn ger e T — e SR SE e e ——— S — e A R ——— | /| 4 é § 91 o | 4 [ R o 5 e B i W I I R i o 4 e & S N7/ 74 (S I i ? THE i B K o & % FIFTY-FOURTH REPORT GF THE S | BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION | IN 7 S SOUTH-WESTERN INDIA FOR THE YEAR |4 10080 e R 1t i : ey t« S T ey by MANGALORE ¥ ) PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS. | 1894 % TR 5 ) . El._] \ il 7 =D R NET er? E by ¥ 27 S TR R AN OSSN R R THE FIFTY-FOURTH REPORT OF THE BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION IN iﬁ SOUTH-WESTERN INDIA FOR THE YEAR 1893 | B e MANGALORE PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS 1894 - rc— P % . B ;\‘Y a\& b yﬁ [ AN A\ ; ; S : .1 < 4 N\ g £s ~y gl / European Missionaries of the Basel German Evangelical Mission. Corrected up to the 1st April 1894. [The letter (m) afterthe namessignifies “married”, and the letter (w) ‘“widower” The names of unordained Missionaries are marked with an asterisk.] Date of Name Native Active Station Country Service Ch. A. E. Diez (w) Germany 1851 Kasaragod do. Calicut J. Lauffer (m) 1856 W. Stokes (m) India 1860 Kaity (Coonoor) F. Ziegler (m) Germany 1862 Dharwar Th. Digel (m) do. 1864 Mulky M. Th. Walz (m) do. 1866 Mangalore F. Matthissen (m) Russia 1867 Kaity (Coonoor) G. Ritter (m) Germany 1869 Udipi Holland 1870 W. Sikemeier (m) Kotageri g@mﬂ@ml—h&wl—l W.P.Schonthal (m)* Germany 1870 Cannanore ] P. Ott (m) do 1871 Mangalore W. Niibling (m) do 1871 Honavar G. Hirner (m)* do 1871 Mangalore J. Hermelink (m) do 1872 do. J. Ostermeyer (m) do 1873 Cannanore do 1873 Codacal C. Feuchter (m)* J. Baumann (m)* Switzerland 1874 Palghat R. Schenkel (m) Germany 1874 Merecara W. Liitze (m) do 1875 ST maoom®o do Kaity L. Gengnagel (m) 1875 Basrur-Kundapur E.Liebendérfer, m.n.(m) do 1875 Calicut L.J. Frohnmeyer (m) do 1876 Tellicherry do 1876 Honavar g C. G. Eblen (m) M. Hoch (m) Switzerland 1876 Mangalore & G. Benner (m)* Germany 1.8 ¢ Calicut H. Altenmiiller (m)* do 1878 Mangalore do J. G. Kiihnle (m) 1878 Palghat C. D. Warth (m) do 1878 Hubli Co e I. Weismann (m) do 1879 Chombala S do 1880 = C. W. Dilger (m) Tellicherry K. Ernst (m) do 1881 Udipi 1* ST Native Date of Name Active Station Country Service 32. J. Fischer (m) Geermany 1881 Anandapur “do. 1882 33. ¥. Eisfelder (m) Guledgudd 34, B. Liithi (m) Switzerland 1884 Bettigeri-Gadag 35. Ch. Hole (m) Germany 1884 Vaniyankulam 36. D. Berli (m) Switzerland 1885 Bijapur do. 37. G. Peter (m) 1885 Chombala 38. J. Gotz (m) Germany 1886 Udipi 39. F. Huber (m)* Switzerland 1886 Mangalore 40. do. 1886 do. A. Glattfelder (m)* 41. J. Sieber (m)* do. 1887 Merecara 42. Th. Lutz (m) do. 1887 Guledgudd 43. Paul Buchli (m)* do. 1887 Mangalore 44, F. Rehm (m) Germany 1888 Tellicherry 45. R. Bosshardt Switzerland 1888 Codacal 46. 'W. Bader (m) Germany 1888 Tellicherry 47, do 1883 H. Riseh (m) Bettigeri-Gadag 48. Fr. Volz (m)* do 1888 Calicut 49. G. Kehrer * do 1888 do. 50 G. Wieland (m) do 1889 Kaity 51 do W. Weischedel (m)* 1889 Mangalore 52 J. Bucher (m) do 1890 do. 53 H. Bretschneider * do 1890 Udipi (Malpe) 54 G. Sautter * do 1890 Mangalore 55 Th. Uber (m) do 1890 Palghat 56 S. Stamm * Switzerland 1891 Dharwar O. Singer Germany 1891 Udipi 58 Ph. Stier do. Hubli 1891 59 W. Jung * do. 1891 Mangalore 60 F. Boas * do. 1891 Palghat 61 H. Kessler * Switzerland 1891 Mangalore ae 62 M. Breidenbach - Germany 1892 Karkala 63 Ph. Weidner do. 1892 Vaniyankulam 64 Tr. Lutz Switzerland 1892 Basrur-Kundapur 65 1892 Dharwar G. Engel Germany 66 J. Biachle do. 1893 Karkala 67 K. Mayer do. 1893 Bettigeri-Gadag 68 do. 1893 Cannanore F. Nagel 69 A. Metz do. 1893 Hubli 70 E. Hiller Australia 1894 Calicut Native Date of Name Active Station i Country Service Single Ladies. 71. Miss M. Kaundinya India 1890 Mangalore 72 . Miss Th. Diez do 1892 Kasaragod 73 . Miss H. Strolin Geermany 1893 Mangalore At Home. 74 1853 late of Mercara . F. Kittel (m) Germany 75 . R. Hartmann (w) Switzerland 1859 do. Karkala 76 . S. Walter (m) do. 1865 do.Vaniyankulam 7 . F. A. Brasche (m) Germany 1869 do Udipi Dharwar 78 . G. Grossmann (m) Switzerland 1874 do 79 . J. B. Veil (m)* Germany 1875 do Mereara 80 . A. Rubland (m) do 1876 do Cannanore 81 do 1879 do . Chr. Keppler (m) Mulky 82 . J. J. Jaus (m) do 1879 do Codacal 83 . F. Stierlen (m)* do 1880 do Mangalore 84 . W. H. Knittel (m) do 1882 do Hubli 85 do 1883 do . K. Schaal (m) Tellicherry 86 . M. Schaible (m) do 1883 do Mulky 87 . J. Waidelich (m) do 1883 do Hubli 88 do 1885 do . Th. Strobel (m) Calicuty 89 . 0. Bode (w) do 1886 do Anandapur NN T N f NS TN NN Tabular Viéw of Stations, Agents and Churches of the Basel German Evangelical Mission in South-Western India. 1st JANUARY 1894. Agents of the Mission Native Church European Native Agents New Mission- Present Church-Members aries Converts NAMES OF MISSION STATIONS UeISIIY ) TeIISIIYD-TUO N S98S01JSIU-[00GOQ 8I9)SBW-[0070Q 180L o1} UI POYSI[qBISH usIyjoIg S;i SI0J88J AR N $I8170098)) B SISI[0 SUBAR saneja0diop UQUIO A\ -01qIg SI9)SBW~[00Y9F UBIISLIY) €681 Summp syjes(q ¢681 Suwmp syjag SINpYV UIPTIYD SIUBOTUN L WO)) S]UBOIUNW WO )-UON WQIPTIY)) g SUQUINY9I931e)) 1. Canara. Mangalore . 1884 i 12 137 i 33 65 1168 15 822 2005 20 . ® 1845 11 Mulky 10 25 372 362 743 15 Udipi ° . 1854 11 14 25 66 (e} i ™ O 847 24 849 1720 87 Karkala ° . 1872 52 39 91 Basrur-Kundapur 1876 61 58 119 Honavar ° . 1845 27 20 47 . 1886 § g NDr=EHOOOOO O v O v O v FoOoONMNOoOOoOOO g Kasaragod —_—— ] | — (§: .—é_ ___g | Mo 0o oo omoo! 64 60 125 29 23 D= 47 ! Nel 54 (= N NDNO OO MW [ 43 69 ~f [~} =i ~H 2591 49 2210 4850 12 f;) & 11. Coorg. 52 16 42 110 8. Mercara . . 1870 o O (==l 117 51 171 9. Anandapur (Am ma.tti). 0 1853 z z i 13 (o) 169 19 93 281 I1I. Southern Mahratta. 10. Dharwar . . . 1837 12 73 101 182 II. Hubli . . . B 1839 if:) 18 176 = 150 339 12, . 1841 17 23 290 211 509 Bettigeri-Gadag . ° 1851 21 32 266 & 281 573 139 Guledgudd . . . . 1885 | 15 (=) 17 32 14. Bijapur ._gf. g Nmrﬁ —!coco:oco’ % s 760 16385 © R B O |~ e, 20 OOIO NnoOOoOOO | ™ 16 55 82 SO OO 0O |C 820 IV. Malabar. 370 837 21 1c. Cannanore® ° . . 1841 19 25 3% Ly 459 231 516 16. Tellicherry . . . . 1839 ;1 % 15 15 18 284 248 4217 17 Chombala (Mahé) . . 1849 2 27 175 13¢ Calicut . . . . 1842 14 14 34 38 37 31 591 i 1058 31 1068 33 19. Codacal (Edaculam Statn. 1857 12 53 43 80 79 534 530 29 78 20. ; 1886 45 Vaniyankulam (Ottapalam 21I. Palghat ° . . > . 1858 % [r) 10 10 10 © O 0 b= 11 134 107 244 66 __z{j_ __.((g;_ ‘ i 69 [en ] H MW O ONO ~ |H 51 128 142 201 14 2222 o) WD v~ H = H WO 1971 4228 170 V. Nilgires. 21 il 115 107 225 22, Kaity . . B 1846 i ; 0<o'c> — oo o‘d: HHOHOO o'a: o - : o H‘—~ cooo o|c> e oo H!ﬁcolm oo ;) i 0 : 74 16 97 187 9 23 Kotageri . B 1867 e — e e e e ————— 29 13 16 z 189 1y 204 412 17 —2—| 84 261 165 5991 177 15238 334 Total. . ° Z 2 i v | O 118 27 174 110 422 11406 | 12 5§ 178 4991 10868 415 Total of 1st January 1893 . . 71 56 (a2 116 24 164 55 112 252 444 235 17 5699 —_— e | — | — e e e e 0 81 Decrease during 1893 . . 22 538 Increase ditto ° (=} 2 (2) 10 32 26 ; 292 247 & Abstract showing the Confributions of the Churches towards their Church Expenses, the Mission and the Poor. Sunday Collections Donations Special Offerings and Special Collections Church towards towards the Donations Collections for for the Mala- tations Total Tax Church Mission-work towards the bar Widow Orphanages Expenses Poor-funds Fund Rs As A Rs. As. -9 Rs, As. B; Rs As De As. W P Rs. As Rs As Mangalore ® . 481 178 4 168 12 161 10 990 eppu . . 0 99 10 30 i 35 14 25 13 191 18 . 78 32 10 22 1t i 133 15 11 okapatna 122 49 9 Mulky 13 10 258 U ° 235 14 194 13 34 60 15 13 1t 533 K ala ° . . 15 13 12 18 =D 50 10 . 37 16 11 16 72 Basrur-Kundapur H avar-Karwar 18 12 10 ) 53 Kasaragod ° . . . 40 14 20 é % 12 86 Mercara . s . . . . 49 R WO ©O O O O O O 16 27 14 10 10 104 Anandapur(Ammatti) 51 10 (=] 28 (2 L ] Qi HOTTICD A D GRS OB IO 0D 24 @ @ OOy, SN AR O SO R N © O & o 107 sHESCR S = O O N = v e > Dharwar . . 52 14 34 ™ feal 15 28 15 12 144 Hubli . . ° . 122 14 10 14 42 16 24 10 216 130 109 14 46 14 12 302 Bettigeri-Gadag Guledgudd . 96 15 21 i — 35 11 e —— 154 I l Bijapur .. . 12 4 0 6 22 Cannanore . 285 12 95 69 10 58 15 532 . . 166 15 62 23 62 14 4 10 333 = Tellicherry Chombala-Mahé 120 43 109 M N H 10 W O A 91 10 58 327 e MOERER o | Calicut-Coilandy 258 116 50 92 13 11 15 20 553 - Codacal . ° . 0 195 53 39 g 93 389 . 30 19 — 21 10 79 Vaniyankulam 62 10 22 26 12 10 40 10 10 ;Z) g 166 Balohat. <. Kaity . . . 78 8 24 JE=- 0 46 28 12 15 — 188 Kotageri . . 55 14 e O M Ol M IO O MO O SO 21 o AT O O OOl D d o e 16 32 i @O S OO AR D (e[ M=oy (o o) Sl A e ) () 129 N N o0 O D DO H O D t = b o 0 o R o e N B o BRI = SR o SO Ton B SN < B E Vo) Total. . . 6 © 2894 ]14]10 1263‘ 9| sl 628 l12| ol 1091 |14| 176 ‘ 0’ 2 l 8} 1] 6121 I11[ 1 - There have special collections been made during the year past to assist our Home Committee in their financial difficulties, but, as in the sums collected the gifts of the native churches are mixed up with those of missionaries, they cannot be shown in this abstract. Table of Schools of the Basel German Evangelical Mission. 1st JANUARY 1894. @ Schools for Yernacular Yernacular Mission Agents Boarding Anglo- Sunday Christian Schools for Yernacular Schools and Non- Schools Training Orphanages Schools Christians Schools Schools NAMES' OF 10 30 18307, M;SSION STATIONS uorjonajsuy dopun sirdng S[00T0g JO IoquIn N SOLIBUIWOY skog S[ILY srooyog Arojerederg sfog S[A19 % ;; g’ ;(é.;) é‘ STITH s[oogog JuBuUY S[0079S JO ON ;;éj 1. Canara. 16 o 149 163 413 154 153 45 1114 161 I. Mangalore . 2. 0 . 174 53 113 18 30 451 Mulky 3. Udipi . . . 11 o (=] 184 99 20 43 486 30 14 Karkala . ° 74 16 90 17 Basrur-Kundapur 6. Honavar . . 30 35 518 Kasaragod . é 3178 124 16 | 48 [ae} - OO OO O | SO WO O OO |® OO OO OO QO |© o SO FHOOOO|H o2} SO WMOOOCO|® 61 512 324 1008 337 199 SCNOoOOoOOOCO X 2708 NOHO-HO O [0 208 P Jl e N 11. Cooryg. 8. Mercara ° . 18 (=] 29 34 9. Anandapur (A mm.atti') . o O (=) (=) (=) o o 14 20 N o (== =) o0 (=} (= (=} 17 26 18 [} =) 63 § II1. Southern Mahratta. 10. Dharwar e . . . . 38 81 209 344 1. Hubli . . . . . . 44 16 100 160 30 . . 45 38 16 128 248 67 12. Bettigeri-Gadag. E3. Guledgudd . 21 11 68 100 50 14. Bijapur ° . 0 ;)(; 58 60 Srmd MW WO ™| CO HO O |H SO OO | (=Rl e R el ) 45 38 110 52 43 SO = O XM 209 OO OO QO |O Sé 912 147 1V. Malabar. Cannanore . . ° ° 9t 69 65 253 187 ¥, 16. . . . . S v 70 19 236 96 149 26 633 Tellicherry . . 107 18 23 147 11 113 419 291 7. Chombala (Mahé) 18. Calicut » . 46 79 307 33 176 89 730 95 11 19. Codacal (Edacu lan.l St.atn..) @ 66 59 21 il 327 70 20. Vaniyankulam (Ottapalam) 52 82 149 25 13 306 28 21. Palghat . ° . . . 1976 68 __tO)_)_ ~H pieIie PN o PR Te BNo o BB Yo I e | CHOOOC OO |® b e § COOOoOoOO QO |o ©C OO0 OO|(O ey S WOOOOO | a0 QOO O SOOI 107 291 274 1025 164 679 § v SO OO O W | 40 2817 671 V. Nilgiris. 22, . . . 52 13 358 20 23 499 98 Kaity Kotageri . 0 . = - 12 38 132 186 23. __..g_ ™ E) 29 12 90 17 490 20 23 685 98 Z 1124 Total. . . 136 67 261 218 1020 693 2976 526 1110 7185 468 v § v 67 Total of 1stJanuary 1893 . o 130 ~H | ¢ Cy § v 57 277 235 924 620 2722 1201 1037 il 0 Decrease during 1893 ° ° . 16 17 ° SCo|oHlIo O | X HO | HIN] O | O H SO | Qoo |o|® 10 96 73 %54 58 oo llo o il 5 407 =) o‘c> O o e o‘a: <+ o oA~ o‘ﬂl: o ol o gl gl ~| o 87 Increase ditto. 12 Detailed Table of Stations, Out-Stations and Agents, 1st January 1894. Stations Native Agents:— and European Agents Pastors, Catechists Out-Stations and Headmasters 1. Mangalore Pastoral a. Engaged in Pastoral and Out-Stations - Rev. P. Ott, zz charge of Evangelistic Work station, Chairman of Rev. Sebastian Furtado, Ullal District Committee Jeppu FPastor, Feppu Rev. Samuel Andrea, Bokapatna, Urva, Evangelistic Kudroli Rev. Th. Wialz, lown, ZFastor, Balmatha Rev. Jared Soens, Bolma District Inspector of Pastor, Bokapatna Bantwal Sclhools Puttur Educational Cat. Mark Salis, Mangalore ” Gabriel Bangera, , Rev. M. Hoch, Theolog. Pres., Genl. Com. Semi- ” Henry Roberts, n Ev. Bethuel Soens, Puttur Rev. J. Hermelink } nary Cat. Joseph Sunita, k) Rev. J. Bucher, Higl : School ” G. Premaya, Bolma ” M. Jeremiah, Bantwal Miss M. Kaundinya, Brakmin Girls’ School » Christananda Salis, Ublal Miss H. Strolin, studying the language, dest. for Girls Training School b. Educational Work Mercantile Cat. Chr. Watsa, Theolog. Sems- Mr. H. Altenmiiller, Gezns. Manager ” Ch. Mabenna } nary Agent & Treasurer ” P. Buchli, M. M.-Br. B. Ponon ” ” H. Kessler, ” ” ” S. B. Soens High School Industrial Mr. S. Aiman, B.A,, Headmaster % Mr G. Hirner, Press ” F. Huber, Book Depoz. ” G. Sautter, Weav. Est. ” W. Weischedel, Mechanical Works W. Jung, Kudroli Tile-Works Glattfelder, Feppr Tile-Works 13 Stations Native Agents:— and Eudropean Agents Pastors, Catechists Out-Stations and Headmasters 2. Mulky Rev. Th. Digel, 7722 charge of Rev.. Diego Fernandez, Out-Stations. station and Orphanage Lastor, Mulky Karnad Cat. William Heri, 2%7. Hadike, Ulya Rev. M. Schaible, sc/ools Santur n Abraham Heri, Santur and itin. Uchila, Yermal, k2 Obed Sumitra, Fadur Mullur » J. Aarons, Mundern Padur, Perur, Kalatur, ki Aaron Furtado, Auedike Karandadi Hutyar, Kalatur » J. Vedamuttu, Autyar Munderu, Kodetur B. Ananda, Uckila 3. Udipi Rev. G. Ritter, iz charge of | Rev. Daniel Aaron, izn. Out-Stations . station and out-stations ” Charles Gojar, Nidambur, Bailur, Fastor, Malapn Kapettu, Kadekar, Rev. K. Ernst, Freparatory Kuttipadi, Amalpadi ” Immanuel Furtado, School and Training School Fastor, Gudde Parkala, Badegottu, Perala, Parika, Cat. Timothy Ammanna, Kilenja, Shepura Rev. J. Gotz, owuz-stations Udipi Church Malapu, Urdubittalu and itinerancy Udyavara, Bolja Winf. Micha, Lrepara- Gudde, Kap, Mandodi Rev. O. Singer, Orphanage Fr. Jatanna, Paul Shiri, Lory Shirva, Kattingeri, Scthools Suda, Pallj, Mr. H. Bretschneider, S. Jatanna, Ninjur, Bolle, Kudigrama Tile-Works, Malapu N. Vira, Madambail Kattupadi, Koppala, ” Ebenezer Clare, Farkala ossar Madambail, Kurkal, G. Bangera, Aattupadi Kalanja, Bijantla, Marane Sam. Karat, Kalyanapur Kalyanapur, Uppur, Joshua Soens, Skirva Bolmar, Amunje N. Suchitta, Udyavara 4, Karkala Rev. R. Hartmann, 77z charge | Cat. Joseph Kairanna, of station, itin. N. Crurch and itin. Out-Stations : - Attur, Mudar, Rev. M. Breidenbach, 4zn. Nandolige,Hekkadka, » Joseph Bhagyan, 4. Mudabedra Rev. J. Bichle, learning Tulu Evang. Eliezer Karat 5. Basrur Rev. L. Gengnagel, Cat. Immanuel Soens, Out-Stations : in charge of station, itir. N, Church, Basrur, itin. Hundapur, Kailkeri, Rev. Tr. Lutz, studying n Daniel Andrea, Barkur Canarese Kundapur Church, itin. n T.Furtado,Barkur,itin. Assist Cat. Ch. Manjaru, Kailkeri, itin. N 14 Stations Native-Agents : — and European Agents Pastors, Catechists Out-Stations and Headmasters 6. Honavar Rev. W. Niibling, Zzc/karge | Ev. Samuel Bunyan Out-Station . of station, itin. | Cat. Jacob Upranna, #tin. Rev. Ch. Eblen, iZz. Anilgoda, Karwar » D.Santvana, Azrwar, itin. 7. Kasaragod Rev. E. Diez, iz charge of | Cat. Gottlieb Mabenna, Out-Stations : station, itin. N. Church, and School Natha. Kundara, itn. Ravaneshvara, Miss Theodora Diez Jesudasa Melottu, zZ7. Hosadurga, Israel Eliezer, Bekal, Kumbla, Bela, Chittari, Ban- Manjeshvara School » W. Fernandez, garamanjesh., Hosa- Kumbla School betta-Manjeshvara n Lewis Fernandez, Bela School » Gerson Soens, Hosadurga N. Church and School 8. Mercara Rev. R. Schenkel, iz ciarge Cat. Gabriel Almanda, 7#7%. ” Satyanatha Sumanta, Oul-Station - of station, itin. i2in. Fraserpet Mr. J. Sieber, M. M.-Br. Cat Samuel Furtado, 9. Anandapur Rev. J. Fischer, iz charge N. Church and itin. of station, itin. Asst. Cat. Lewis Salins, Cooly Mission 10. Dharwar Rev. F. Ziegler, in charge Rev. Salomon Devada, Pastor, N. Church, Schools of station, High School, Chatrman of Distr. Com., Asst. Cat. R. Hittalamane Secretary 2o Genl. Com. Rev. G. Grossmann, MNaZive Mr. Alex. Jaganadhan, B. A. Church, Orphanage, itin. Headmaster, High School Rev. G. Engel, studying Canarese, High School W Mr. S. Stamm, studying Can. 11. Hubli Rev. Ch. D. Warth, 7z Cat. John Prabhakar, Oui-Stations . charge of station, itin. N. Church Rev. W. Knittel, N. Church ” Jeremiah Sonna, #Zn. Unakallu, Hebsur and Unakalln Rev. Ph. Stier, szudying Benjamin Salins, Unakallu Canarese, Schools, itin. Rev. Aug. Metz., studying Canarese 15 Stations Native Agents:— and European Agents Pastors, Catechists, Out-Stations and Headmaster: 12. Bettigeri- Rev. B. Liithi, 7z charge Rev. Salomon Bhaskar, of station, Seminary, fre- Fastor N. Church Gadag Cat. David Subbrao Out-Stations paratory Sch., Orphanage, rep Distr. Insp. of Schoods Solomo Bangera Schood Shagoti, Rev. H. Risch, Siagoti, itin William Amos } Malasamudra Franklin Aiman, 77z. Rev. K. Mayer, studying Canarese g Henry Kodot, Skagoi Asst. Cat. M. Suvarna, itin Rev. F. Eisfelder, 7% charge Cat. Israel Dalabhanjana, 13. .Guledgudd N. Church, itin Out-Stations of station and some outst Daniel Patti, Aerdenialic Parvati, Padinakatte Rev Theodor Lutz, 7z Stephen Sagari, itn Murudi, Kardenhaili, charge of out-stations, itin Stephen Mathapati, Kotanhalli, Lada Mushtigere gundi, Nagarhalli, Asst. Cat. Daniel Nayaka, Mullur, Asangi Halkurk: n ” Herman Challa, Halkurki, Adugallu Mushtigeri tlin Cat. Jos. Dalabhanjana, 7z 14. Bijapur Rev. D. Berli, iz charge of Asst. Cat. Obed Gundi, 77 station, tlin ” Satyarthi Basutkar, 28em 15. Cannanore Rev J. Ostermeyer, Rev. Stephen Chandren Out-Stations in charoe of stalion, Fastor, Chowa Schools, Secubar Agent Cat Tim. Parakandi, V. Cz. Chowa, Chirakal ” P. Sneham, Chowa, stir. Rev. F. Nagel studying Taliparambu, Malayalam ” Philip Mackadan, Ramentalli Chivakal, itin Mr. W Schonthal, Weaving Isaac Amattil, ilin. Fstablishmernt Asst Cat. Elias Nambi, Taliparambu, i%in Rev. Cornelius Hutten, 16. Tellicherry Rev. J. Frohnmeyer Dharmapatianam, ilin Out-Stations in charge of station, Theol Cat. Stephan Kallat, Neztur Seminary, Chairman of N. Church & T'r. School b Nettur, Anjarkandy, District Committee Kuttuparambu Peter Arnon, Christian Rev W. Dilger, Theodoo High School Semin., Trainine School Lazar Kallat, Tellicherry District Insp. of Schools N. Church and Schools Rev. ¥, Rehm, Christian ” Anthony Valiatingara, High School Anjarkandy, itin Asst. Cat. J. Murkottan, 7zin Rev. W. Bader, Zellicherry Mr. Jos. Mulil, B. A Head- Church, Farsi Hioh School master, Chr. High Sch », F.K.Raman,B.A., Head- master, Farsi High Sck 16 Stations Native Agents :— and Pastors, Catechists, Out-Stations European Agent?s and Headmasters Out 17. Chombala— Rev 2P Imm. Weismann, Cat. Gabriel Pirachan, 7. Mahe in charge of station, Oul b2 Abel Kuttuparambu, Out-Stations : Orphanage, Schools Chomb. N. Church Wadac Mahé, Kandappen- » Tobias Chembenkodan, kundu, Wadagara, Rev. G. Peter, Schools, itin. Mahé Church Muverattu, Peram- para, Tolpatti, N Joseph Taddai, iz7. Payoli, Meladi, k2 Henry Menzel, Z¢in. Karakadu 18. Calicut Rev. J. Lauffer, in charge Rev. Jonas Padiath, ZFzszor N. Church Oui-Stations . of station, Schools Ev. Nath. Arukandan, Coilandy, Pudiangadi, Rev. E. Liebendorfer, M. D. itin., Middle Malabar Collam, Korapura Medical Mission 2 Cat. Paul Chittayagam, izz. ” OHI Rev. Th. Strobel, High Sch. Ashamayan Tumaran, (o N. Church of Tile- Mr. G. Benner, 7%le-Works Works, itin. il A ” G. Kehrer, M. M.-Br. ” Samuel Ambattu, 7#7. T o o Hr i Nolzg I/Veafw'ng Est. n Joseph Mandodi, Coilzn. Na Church, itin. Gl n S. Chattottu, Coéld., itin. Nellak Ajur, Mur.i G. Zacharias, B.As, Headmaszer, High Sck. Kaien‘, Manig Horay 19. Codacal Rev. J. J. Jaus, in charge Cat. C. Arunachalam Out-Stations . of station and Faraperi » Isaac Laban, 7zn. LN Esra Arunachalam, T Paraperi, Ponani, Orphanage n Pallat, Malapuram, Fonani, itin. Rev. Rud. Bosshardt, ” Noah Edapalan, Zara. Kilku“ Mancheri, Tritala, Schools and itin. N. Church — Andadoth Mr. C. Feuchter, 7%/~ Works o+ wXs. Chowalur, Fzll., 2277 B K Charangat, Nilampur, » Abr. Para, Ponani, itin. Kuttipuram Ot » Devasahayam Mandodi, Faraperi, itin. K"% K ” Daniel Thomas, 7Zn. Jaky K 20. Vaniyan- Rev. C. Hole, in charge of | Cat. Abra. Arungadan, iZz. kulam station, itin. ) BEI’ga George Peter, itin. Hor 4 Out-Stations : » Abia Edapalan, Rev. Ph. Weidner, Angadipuram, Angadipuram, itn. § Malattur, Shoranur, , Luke Napalli, ZZn. Panamanna, Lackadi, studying {l[akzyalczm ” Devaprian Amengara, Ottapalam, Tirikatiri itin. -3 s Stations Native Agents:— — and Earopean Agents Pastors, Catechists sts, Out-Stations and Xeadmasters 18 S 21. Palghat Rev. J. G. Kiihnle, 77 charge Eva. John Zacharias, 7tin. n, i in South Malabar Oult-Stations . of station ard schools mbu, Cat. Charles Hermon, Rev. Th. Uber, studying Charch Wadackencherry, N. Church Panayvur Malayalam nkodan, J. Amengaran, Melpar. Mr. Jakob Baumann, N. Church f Churcth Zibe-Works Salomo Makadan, i, i » n Fr. Boas, n LPanayur, itin. it »n Noah Benjamin, Wadackencherry ] ” Paul Selvam, z#n. , Putor 2 Zacharias Pilakadu, ' Church Wadackencherry an, Malabar 22. Kaity Rev. W. Liitze, iz charge | Cat. Isaiah Shanta, am, it Out-Stations . of station, Training N. Church, Schools, itin. maran, Coonoor, School, Orphanage, itin. n Salathiel Soens, of Tt Hulikal, Chogatore, e T, it Avalanche, Schools, itin. . G Wislamd, 4 y, it Tuneri, Kerehada, Naduvattam, ” K. Satyanathan, Zuiikal i, Coilan Rev. ¥. Matthissen, Coonoor, Glenmorgan, and Cooly Mission r[/;, lﬁll. literary work Nellakotta, Paikara, . ” John Philip, Lrneri, pil it Ajur, Achinakallu, Rev William Stokes, and itin. B Ay Kateri, Adhikarhatti, Coonoor, itin. Manihatti, Hosahatti, Asst, Cat. Isaiah Konga, Wg/z Seh — Horanhalli, Kulla- Aerehada, itin. kambe, Kolimale, n fith Tummanhatti, alaty Kallhatti, ) it Kilkunde, Yedekadu ’ Furt- Rev W. Sikemeier, , Charch 23. Kotageri Rev. Jacob Kanaka, pi, i Lastor, Native Church, Ouit-Stations : in charge of station, and oy Schools, ttin. Kodanad, Konakore, Orphanage, itin. Mandf)fi" Kukalthore, ety i Asst. Cat. Christian Ajja, Jakanare, Denad, i Kanerimukh, Fakanare, and itin. / /i Bergani, Gundhada, " Joseph Hiria, fan, # h i Horasole, Kerbetta N. Church, and itin. ;’/,”/l, —— iy i h 7 \./\, (R s AR AN ngal’ﬂ«y i ow —— @HE general character of our work in the year under cyreview has, in one part of the field, been one of cheering ] ® progress, in another part one of slower advance, whereas in others seemingly no headway whatsoever has been made. While in Malabar and on the Nilgiris the number of baptized Christians has increased by about 10 or 11 per cent, the increase in Canara and Coorg has been only 12 per cent, and that in Southern Mahratta almost nil, no accession from the heathen having been reported. As in a field during the season of sowing, and for some time after, no growth is perceptible, and even in the blade there may be times of little seeming progress, so it is with the mission-field. We know, e however, that our sowing season will be certainly followed by one of harvest, and are therefore not discouraged by a temporary stand-still. Yet we feel that it is our duty to examine ourselves, to search our faith, our zeal, our love, our fervency in prayer, as well as our ways and means with the view of becoming richer in grace, stronger in faith, more zealous, more fervent in love, more childlike and withal more o importunate in our prayers, while we continue to learn by experience and to improve our methods as much as we can. As customary we first give an abstract of the work done by our Society in other parts of the globe, in China, on the Gold Coast, and in the German territory of the Cameroons in e Western Africa, grouping it together with that done in India. The figures are those of the 1st January 1893. 19 Ap Abstract of the Work of the Basel Mission in India, Africa and China. Number Number of Pupils of Workers taught in Schools in 1892 Europeéns ment Number in 1892 Christian Natives Total Number Year of Commence- Number of Stations g :%2 of Native Christians of Communicants Heathen baptized Boys Girls Total Number of Outstations Mission- India 1834 & — ot 71 56 384 10868 5699 ~ 07 5349 1429 6778 China 1847 & 37 18 19 91 3631 2184 153 792 150 942 Gold Coast 1828 10 133 39 24 184 11261 4654 994 2198 1057 3255 Cameroon 1886 40 1l 2 44 675 620 300 1213 244 1457 Total. . 51 369| 139 101 703 26435(13157 1854 9552 2880 12432 General Report. 1. Agents. A. European Agents. (See the Tabular Views on pp. 3 to 7.) - 4 Deaths. We have to mourn the loss by death of Mys. Hartmann, an old and faithful worker and the helpmate of her husband in all branches of his work; she died at Karkala on the 13th February. Departures. Mr. Bode of Anandapur, Mr. and Mrs. Stierlen and Mr. and Mrs. Elsaesser of Mangalore, Mr. and Mps. Brasche of Udipi, Mr. and Mrs. Walter of Vaniyankulam, Mr. and Mys. Keppler of Mulky, and Mr. Briuning of Canna- 3* 20 A nore proceeded to Europe, chiefly fof the benefit of their health, while My. and Mrs. Elsaesser and Mr. Briuning have left us for good. Arrivals. On the other hand we had the pleasure of wel- AR coming back to India with recruited health, My. and Mrs. Ernst, who took Mr. Brasche’s work at Udipi, Mr. and Mrs. Fischer, now stationed at Anandapur, Mr. and Mrs. Hirner, who have taken up their old work at the press, and Mr. Bawmann, who having found a new helpmate at home, is su- perintending the recently established Tile-Works at Palghat. As new arrivals we have welcomed Miss Strolin, who is to take part in the educational work at Mangalore, and Messrs. Mayer, Nagel, Metz and Bichle, now stationed at Bettigeri- Miss Gadag, Cannanore, Hubli and Karkala respectively. Lircher, now Mys. Uber, Miss Zimmerli, now Mrs. Bosshardt, and Miss Ellen Stokes, the daughter of our veteran Mr. Stokes at Coonoor, recently married to Mr. Bretschueider at Malapu- Udipi, have also reinforced our working staff. Mr. Matthissen has suffered a good deal from ill-health, and being unable to return to the coast, will remain at Coonoor, engaged in liter- ary work. Mr. Stokes was appointed to take up the cooly- mission on the coffee and tea plantations to the east of Kaity station. Both are attached to Kaity station, but live at Coonoor. Myr. Niibling is now stationed at Honavar and Mr. Hole has taken up the work of Mr. Walter at Vaniyankulam. The health of our missionaries has on the whole been better than in the previous year, though several families have had to recruit their health on the Nilgiris or the Kudure- mukh. Myr. Risch at Bettigeri has been ill with dysentery and ague more or less the whole year. Mr. and Mys. Lutz at Guledgudd and Mr. and Mys. Liithi at Bettigeri-Gadag have suffered the loss of dear children;.the latter buried two little boys in the course of nine months. 21 S L As in former years the medical gentlemen of the different stations most: kindly attended to our sick, and we would es- pecially tender our®grateful acknowledgments of the kind services of Dr. W. B. Bannerman, Civil Surgeon, and Mr. E. Peter, pensioned Dresser, at Mangalore, Mr. A. F. Matthias, Apothecary at Kasaragod, Myr. B. Colago, Apothecary at Kasaragod and Mangalore, Dr. McCalman at Dharwar, Dr. Cardoz at Hubli, Assistant Civil Surgeon Mr. Hakim at Gadag, Surgeon Lieut. Col. Peters at Bijapur, Surgeon Major A. O’Hara and Surgeon Captain A. A. Pechell at Cannanore, Dr. Soltau at Ootacamund, and. Mr. E. W. Chester, Apothecary, Kotageri, who lent their medical assistance most willingly and devotedly and often gratuitously to the mission- aries, the native workers and Christians of the respective stations. We are also most grateful for the gratuitous ad- li mission and attendance which several of our church-members, young and old, found in St. Bartholomew’s hospital in Ootacamund and in the hospitals founded by Government here and there. B. Native Agency. 1 The number of our Native Pastors is 13, the same as last year. Myr. Salomon Bhaskar at Bettigeri was to a great extent prevented by jll-health from discharging his duties; the others, however, were enabled to do their work of minister- ing to the churches or preaching to the heathen regularly, faithfully and conscientiously. Five 2. Evangelists, Catechists and Assistant Catechists. new catechists passed their examinations and were dedicated to the Lord’s work during the course of the year. Four of them, Daniel Santvana, Joseph Sunita, Salathiel Barnabas Soens, and Daniel Amengara completed their four years’ course of study in the theological seminaries at Mangalore and Tellicherry, e 22 and the fifth, Salathiel Isdow Soens, who had already worked for several years as a schoolmaster and assistant catechist on the Nilgiris, prepared himself privately for his examina- tion. Besides these, two assistant catechists, Moses Suvarna and Hermon Challa, after three and four years’ preparation respectively in the seminary at DBettigeri-Gadag and after passing their examination, were added to the number of workers. On the other hand we are sorry to have to report the dismissal of two catechists, who proved unworthy of their sacred calling, while two others were pensioned on account of old age. The total number on 1st January last was 118, viz: 5 evangelists, 100 catechists and 13 assistant catechists. The evangelists are entirely set aside for evangelistic work, which they do in a more independent way; many of the catechists are doing school-work, or have charge of churches; while those that are engaged in evangelistic work, as a rule, accompany the missionaries or evangelists, though sometimes they also have to go itinerating independently. The monthly classes of instruction by one of the missionaries of each station, and the yearly classes by the chairman of the District Committee, who 1s assisted by a few other missionaries, were held regularly with a few exceptions. As regards the efficiency of our agents, we are glad to place on record testimonies, like the following: “The sermons of catechist N. N. are of.the best I have heard from native preachers. His pastoral work among the church members is blessed by the Lord, and his family life is a light and salt for his fellow-workers and the church. He is likewise a good preacher to the heathen and neglects no occasion to preach to them. His catechisations also are not inferior to his sermons. One feels that his natural gifts are sanctified by a thorough conversion.” We think that the above testi- mony may be given to not a few others. Some are, however, ( much hampered in their work among Christians and heathen 23 e by their indebtedness, while others are in danger of falling into the snares of covetousness. - Some do what they are told to do, but lack spontaneity, while others again find it difficult to live in peace with their fellow-labourers. We pray for a rich outpouring of the Spirit of God on our mission-agents as well as on our churches. 3. Schoolmasters and Schoolmistresses. We are glad again to note an increase of ten in the number of Christian school- masters. The number of Christian schoolmistresses has, how- ever, been reduced by five, and the number of non-christian schoolmasters by two. Yearly classes for the improvement of masters and mistresses of primary schools were held at Kaity and Tellicherry by Messrs. Liitze and Dilger respectively; at Kaity on the Nilgiri hills monthly training classes are held regularly besides. ¢ 4 4, Colporteurs. The number of colporteurs was 14, in- cluding some paid by the Bible Societies, two more than in the year before. Some are very zealous and speak a word for their Lord wherever they can. 5. Bible-women. A few months ago the writer of this had a talk with a high native official, who strongly urged the necessity of instructing the female half of the Hindu commu- nity, if we desired to bring about a religious change in the country. He said it was the women, the mothers, aunts, sisters and wives that ruled the families, and that many a reformer who had been talking very big in assemblies and writing in the 'newspapers had to give in to his women-folk and to act contrary to the very principles he had been advocating in public. It is the Bible-women that are silently working at this gigantic task of raising the females of this country, and even if all the Bible-women in India did not bring about the direct conversion of a single female, but only succeeded in overcoming prejudice and disseminating sound Christian truth, 24 their work would not be in vain. We are sorry therefore that the number of our Bible-women is not larger, though it has been raised from 24 to 27, two of whom have begun work at Udipi, that stronghold of Krishna-worship. We are grateful to the British and Foreign Bible Society in London for having supplied us with the necessary funds. Before we proceed, we think it our duty to treat here of a subject which is closely connected with the welfare of our native agents and our churches on the whole; we are referring to the Christian Family Provident Funds Provident Funds. in Southern India. These funds were insti- The tuted by Native Christians in Madras. «Christian Patriot”, a Madras weekly paper, invited the Native Christians to join them and encouraged the formation of other similar funds. The principle is that at the death d of any of the members of a fund all the other members pay a certain contribution, say one rupee, or eight annas each, on behalf of the widow and orphans of the deceased. The object of these funds is undoubtedly excellent, and we are convinced that the founders were actuated by none but the best motives of Christian love and fellowship. The funds were originally intended for such families as were able without difficulty to pay the contribution imposed by the rules of membership on the occurrence of each death, but by degrees poor people also have become members, who &re not in a position to meet the obligations involved. it 8 About seven years ago the Native Christians connected with the Basel Mission in Malabar founded a similar fund called «the Malabar Christian Family Provident Fund” and one.or two years later the ««Canara Christian Family Provident Fund” was established, the former numbering about 800, the latter about 500 members. The rules and regulations of these two funds are nearly the same, with only this difference 25 LN BRI L that the Malabar fund admits Roman Catholic Christians as well, while the Canara Fund is only for Evangelical Christians. Dissensions among the leading members of the Canara fund, which very nearly brought about its dissolution, led to the establishment of a third fund, called the «“Cosmopolitan Pro- vident Fund” for non-Christians, though Christians also are members. The number of members in 1893 was 906. This last mentioned association is registered as a regular share- The members of the officiating company by Government. committee by rule get one-sixth of the contributions. Though the object of these associations is no doubt an excellent one, it cannot be denied that they have very serious drawbacks. 1 In the first place there is something of the element of chance in them. There is the possibility of a member dying after having paid a few rupees only, when his family gets a ‘\ large sum of money, while others, who have to pay consider- able sums year by year get at last a much smaller sum ‘phan the aggregate of their payments amounts to. 2 Many poor people, unable to pay from their regular income, are obliged to get into debt in order to pay their contributions, otherwise they forfeit every claim to the fund. 3 The hope of getting a large sum of money at the death of an old father or a mother has in many cases the effect of making the family wish for that death, so that an old and sick member of the family, instead of meeting with care and sympathy, is forced to see in the eyes of his children or other members of his househo](.i a greedy desire for his death. 4. The comparatively large sum thus suddenly obtained proves often not a blessing but a curse to the family, causing dissensions or inducing them to live extravagantly. 5 Some of our catechists have been tempted to neglect *!0 their work in order to act as agents of the fund. e 26 It niay be useful to mention here the experience of a missionary regarding the effects of one of those funds. Z)[ r. Weismann writes :— “In connection with the above mentioned death, we have had W experiences, which have corroborated our opinion, that the Malabar Christian Provident Fund is not a source of bless- The Malabar ing but of harm to our churches. The often re- Christian Provident Fund. peated contributions which the members of this fund have to pay at the death of other members, and which people who are scarcely able to support themselves and their families are unable to pay out of their income, are a cause of the yearly growing indebtedness of our Christians, we won’t say the only cause, but one of the chief causes. Debts are made in order to pay contributions due, the missionaries are entreated for the sake of God and Christ to help an insolvent member who has been threatened with expulsion from membership; but in most cases people in their difficulty have recourse to the Mahomedan money- lender, who at the rate of 24 per cent, or against the promise of the whole produce of the debtor’s compound or garden being made over to the creditor, continues to render assistance till he, the money- lender, becomes the chief heir of the ‘blessing’ to be expected at the death of a dear family-member. Nor is it unfrequent that money is borrowed, goods and vietuals are bought on credit in the hope, that an old father or mother, a sickly wife or sister may die ere long, and the dying person himself is living on what his death is expected to bring into his family, whereas the money-lender laughs in his sleeve at the thought of the usurious interest which this ‘convenient institution’ of the Malabar Christians is procuring for him. What a shame for a Christian who, when hard pressed by debt, is almost forced to long for the speedy death of a relation! And when death comes and after death a heap of rupees, the proverb ‘Lightly come lightly go’ proves only too true. In all the cases which have come to our knowledge up to this day, in which money had been paid out of the fund to our Christians, debts had first to be pé,id off. The remainder was by some put on interest 27 e never to be seen again, others began to live in a better style than hitherto, and after two or three years the last pice had disappeared. Blind 8., for instance, at the death of his wife last year received Rs. 668, from the M. C. P. F. At the receipt of the money, he had first to pay off a debt of Rs. 175, and only Rs. 200 are said to be left to him now. The widow of N. N. received Rs. 685 towards the close of 1893. She had to clear Rs. 300 debts; two sons took away another Rs. 300 and now after a fortnight she has only Rs. 62 left. In both cases the missionary wearied himself with giving advice how the money ought to be usefully employed; he entreated, threatened, called the presbytery to his assistance, but the trouble he took for the welfare of the blind man and for the widow and her babes, brought him mnothing but enmity and animosity. One of the sons of the widow sent him a letter full of scorn and mockery, intimating that he, the son, fully acknowledged the duty of the missionary to assist his parents while they were in distress; but that now, after his mother had got money, the mis- sionary’s advice was not needed at all, and the mother was threaten- ed, that if she refused to give the money to him (the son), she.should never cross his threshold again.” These drawbacks, though most detrimental to the moral and spiritual character and welfare of our Christians, are however not the only ones. We are afraid that sooner or later financial ruin may be the result, because a sound found- ation, hased on extensive statistics and careful calculations is wanting, and we would advise the managing committee to try to place them on a sure and proper financial basis. 2. The Work Done. Beginning with those branches which belong to our mission in India as a whole, we first mention I The Theological Seminaries at Mangalore and Tellicherry. The Mangalore Seminary (established 1863). The session began 4% _28 A S in May 1892 with 28 students. Of this number one had to be dismissed, three were examined in March 1893, and after having passed their examination with credit, one in the second, and two in the third class, were consecrated for their work on Y7 March 31st and stationed at Karwar, Puttur and Mangalore respectively. With them Samuel Subbarao, a born Brahman, a young man from South-Arcot, who had been brought to the Lord by the instrumentality of Mrs. Reade at Panruthi, and educated in our seminary, was also consecrated and sent back to South-Arcot. To the remaining 24, seven new ones were added in May 1893, so that at the end of 1893, there were thirty-one students in the school. It is interesting to note, that of these 31 students no less than 12 were born heathen, and about seven of their number are sheaves of the harvest brought in during the famine of 1877. The subjects taught in the institution were the following:—Dogmatics, Exegesis of parts of the Old and New Testament, Introduction into the 0ld Testament, Homiletics, Hinduism, Greek, Sanskrit, English, Canarese, Singing, Preaching and Catechising. The Seminary at Tellicherry (established 1890). The session began in January 1893 with 8 students, whose number was increased by the admission of two-students (one matriculate) from the Christian High School. One student, after having completed his studies and passed his examination, was conse- crated as a Catechist, while two others left the institution in the course of the year, one on account of ill-health, the other of his own accord. At the close of the year 9 students re- mained in the institution. The subjects are about the same as those taught in the Mangalore Seminary. Besides weekly preaching in the bazaar, the students made two preaching tours for the purpose of being initiated into their future work. The spirit of the students is a good one; there are a few who are seriously inclined and who exercise a good influence on 29 QNIRRT the rest. On Sunday afternoous the students have a private prayer meeting; they have also begun to contribute from their pocket money their mite to the mission box. II The Literary Department has its centre in Mangalore. The Mangalore printing press prints chiefly in Canarese, Malayalam, Tulu and English, occasionally in Sanskrit, Telugu, Tamil, Konkani and German. From the Mangalore Book and Tract Depository the 32 branch-depots draw their books and tracts. The central Depository as well as the branch-depots were managed by My. Stamm, and towards the close of the year by Mr. F. Huber. The manager is also the publisher of the concern. The work of revising the Canarese and Malayalam versions of the Bible has been carried on. The Canarese Committee had two sessions, from April 8th to May 27th at Ootacamund, and from October 12th to November 13th at Bellary, finishing the gospel of St. John and Romans I to VIIL. The Malayalam Committee in one session from 15th t0,29th November completed the epistles to the Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Thessalonians I and II and I. Timothy. The Printing Press was managed by Mr. Huber and since Z November last by Mr. Hirner, who returned from furlough in October last. It employed 50 people, of whom 47 are members of our Mangalore church. Besides printing a num- ber of school-books, tracts and Bible-portions, it finished the printing of the revised version of the Tulu New Testament and of Kittel’s large Kannada-English Dictionary, a work of 1752 closely printed pages and of immense industry and erudition. The Press had been engaged five years in printing it. . 30 LIST OF BOOKS AND TRACTS Printed from 1st November 1892 to 31st October 1893. 1 Il Canarese, Edition. Size Copies. Pages. Tot. Pages. Sabhapatra Vol. xxv. to xxvi. 80 600 192 115200 Who is Your Saviour ? 16° 2000 47 94000 Twelve Letters ViI 16° 5000 75 375000 Examination of Hinduism III 128 & 2500 88 220000 The Way of Wisdom XIII. 30° 5000 30 150000 The Twice Born II 16° 3000 40 120000 The True Guru 16° 2000 23 46000 The Gospel of St. Matthew, (revised Trans.) 16° 3000 124 372000 The Gospel of St. Johu, ” ” 16° 15000 99 1485000 The First Reader, Part I. XIX 128 30000 48 1440000 Do do IT. Iv 1128 20000 1840000 A Calechism of Canarese Grammar XIII. 122 5000 60 300000 Kavyapunja . 16° 4000 88 352000 The I. Standard Arithmetic 16° 1000 11 11000 Do II do do 16° 1000 15 15000 Do 100 do. do 16° 1000 28 28000 Do TV do do. 16° 1000 52 52000 Kanarese Geography, III. Standard ‘]i; 16° 3000 28 84000 Do. Third Book (Bombay Govt.) Iv. b 25000 132 3300000 ! The Story of India for the IV, Standard I. 1oL 2000 50 100000 An Elementary History of India i 122 2000 74 148000 Colenso’s Arithmetic, III. Part II 192 1200 33 39600 Apswers to III. and IV. Standard Arithmetic I. 16° 500 3500 First Book of Agriculture I 1122 2000 15 304000 A Dialogue on some of the Hindu Systems of Religion II 16° 3000 52 156000 Canarese Almanac for 1894 80 7000 64 448000 31 i AT s 11, Malayalam.. Edition, Size. Copies Pages. Tot, Pages. 80 Keralopakari Vol. xx. 500 192 96000 1128 Morning and Evening Prayers 2000 29 58000 The Last Strand of the Rope II 399 5000 15 75000 Stealing the Myangoes III 32° 5000 16 80000 The Rich Man’s Feast Iv 328 5000 15 75000 90 The Way of Righteousaess Iv 2000 24 48000 Life of the Rev. Jacob Ramavarma II 16° 1000 28 28000 Instruction in Divine Truth II 32° 3000 20 60000 Ramabai Sarasvat II 328 3000 20 60000 The Birth of Christ v 398 3000 16 48000 The Incarnation of Christ VII 328 2000 24 48000 The Good Shepherd v 399 5000 12 60000 Epistles of James and John 32° 5000 46 230000 Daniel 308 5000 100 500000 Jonah 38 5000 14 70000 Malayalam ?salms 16° 5000 288 1440000 The First Reader, Part 1. XIX 122 30000 48 1440000 ” » ” I 125 20000 104 2080000 The Fourth Reader, ,, I 1I 80 2000 189 378000 ” » » II 1I 80 2000 208 416000 Geography, IIT. Standard 16° 3000 32 96000 Third Reader . 111 122 8000 111 888000 A First Book of Agriculture 16° 1000 147 147000 Almanac for 1894 80 2000 16000 ITL. Tulu. The New Testament 16° 4000 735 294,0000 IV. Anglo-Vernacular and English. Anglo-Malayalam II Reader VI 16° 5000 232 1160000 ” Canarese I v 16° 3000 225 675000 » » Malayalam IV v 16° 3000 93 879000 P The Fifty-Third Report of the B, G. E. M. 80 1100 94 103400 3000 1802 5406000 Kittels Kannada-English Dictionary (cont.) I. Ry. 8° 32 SALE OF BOOKS AND TRACTS during the Twelvemonth from 1st July 1892 to 30th June 1893. 1. Our Own Publications. Rs b w ) Qo 29,974 Copies of Canarese Religious Books 1,277 92,325 Tulu 9 9 19 frmd 21,496 Malayalam b b 811 Canarese School-Books 25,705 ” 5,475 15,685 ” Malayalam 9 2,057 6,718 » Books in other Languages 618 DD O ERD e O 28,730 Canarese Government Books 4,202 N N 41.885 b Malayalam » bl 6,174 172,518 Copies. Total Rs. 20,695 o o~ oo Wil o / 3 2. Other Publications. 261 1,375 Copies of Bibles and Bible Portions 1,838 » , Bangalore Tracts and Books 39 15 11 12,000 » , Sundry Engl. & Vern. Books 10,448 5 11 13 187,731 Copies. Total Rs. 31,444 We would here gratefully acknowledge the grants of paper by which The Religious Tract Society in London have greatly assisted us in our work of publishing tracts. N RN N N N AT /AN NE We now proceed to review the work done in the different districts of our own mission-field. For statistics, we would refer our readers to the tables at the beginning of this report. Those, who are particularly interested in one or other of our various stations or branches of work will readily find it by reference to the index at the end. 33 I. South- and North-Canara. Area 7813 square miles, Population (in 1881) 1,381,354; Seven Stations; languages in which the Mission-work is carried on Tulu and Canarese. A. The Native Church. Numbers. The churches in these districts number 73 baptized members more than last year, owing partly to the baptism of 42 adults and 14 children from among the heathen N2 ) Lo L e = fom &8 and partly to the excess of births over deaths. Udipi, though it had the largest number of baptisms, namely 44, had also the greatest loss by excommunication and backsliding, for no less o > than 69 souls left the church of their own accord, or had to be entirely excommunicated chiefly at the out-stations Malapu, If we inquire into the causes of Gudde and Kalyanapur. these sad occurrences, we generally find either that the back- sliders were prompted by worldly motives in coming to us, but finding that their expectations were not realized, they left us bl or they fell into sin and would not submit to discipline. { AR o L o RO SR o The latter sort are often taken in hand by the good Shepherd himself, who follows the lost ones, sometimes with his judg- I ments, till they humble themselves before him and. are glad | to return to his flock. My. Schaible of Mulky in his report mentions some of the worldly motives which often induce people to seek admission 1t into the church:— d “A certain family had a sick child; if the missionary was able Another man had to ecure the child, they would become Christians. ) relatives among the Christians and would like to join them, but he ] mortgaged his lands ten years ago; if the missionary would lend him Rs. 200 to pay the debt, he would come. A certain young 5 Hlto ol 34 man, 2 Roman Catholie, has had a quarrel with his priest, who re- fuses to marry him unless he pays his church-dues, amounting to upwards of Rs/ 80. The young man grows so violent, that the priest turns him 6‘gt of his home. Is not that cause enough to change one’s refigion ? He is told, however, that we do not consider it a sufficient cause.—Another Roman Catholic asked for admission because he had lost one of his eyes and was sick and the Roman Catholics did not take care of such as he.” Christian Life. Outwardly the life of the majority of our Christians has not been an easy one,. Though there was less sickness than last year, provisions, especially rice, were dear in all our Indian mission-fields. No doubt the exchange value of the rupee has something to do with the high prices now prevailing which show no tendency to become as low as they formerly were. The result is the more trying for poor people as wages have not risen in proportion. Spiritual life is not as flourishing as we would wish it to be more ? we would wish more love for the word of God, eagerness to hear and to read it, more truthfulness and honesty in people’s dealing with one another or with non- Christians, more purity of heart and life, less of party spirit. Still we are glad to say, that in most of our small churches there are a number of true Christians, who love the word of God, and strive to rule their life by its precepts. It is cheer- ing also that persevering efforts to bring lazy church-members under the influence of the word of God are often crowned with success. As an instance we insert part of the report of Myr. Schaible of Mulky:— “I was particularly rejoiced” he writes, “to see how the word of (tod met with a good reception in the class pre- A Confirmation paratory for confirmation. I had to gather lads of Class. 17 to 21 years, who had neglected school and could not read. Some tried to evade the class, but I declared to the parents s 35 that they would be placed under church-discipline if their sons did not come to the class, and the lads were apprised, that I should not receive them into the church if they were unable to read. This firmness had the desired effect. At first, it is true, I had great difficulty to get them to attend regularly. I rejoiced the more in December when I finished the instruction, to observe, that the be- haviour of the youths had entirely changed. They took pains to learn their catechism, attended the instruction with lively interest, and their answers would show that they understood what they had heard and committed to memory.” We pray for an outpouring of the spirit of sanctification on our churches. Education. The education of children is one of the sore points with many of our Christians. Some look only to the mission for the education of their children, and are of opinion that the mission should establish schools where their children | should be clothed and fed, and taught up to the highest standards. Some think, that even college-education should be provided for them by the mission; meanwhile they neglect to lay the foundation of a good education at home by training their children to habits of truthfulness, industry, modesty and piety. But we are glad to say, that there are families, whose home-education is most exemplary. As regards the part which the mission seeks to take in educational work, it is our desire to give a sound elémentary | education to each one of our Christian boys and girls, enabling f them to read the word of God in their mother-tongue, to dis- charge their secular duties with intelligence, and to become intelligent members of the Church of Christ. Therefore primary f schools are established in all our stations and out-stations, where there is a sufficient number of children. At the same f time we do our best to impress on the minds of the parents their duty towards their children by asking them to pay a 5* 36 - small school-fee. For the benefit of those who are gifted for a higher education we have boarding schools and orphanages for boys and girls with middle school classes at Udipi and Mulky, a preparatory school (of the middle school standard) and a Teachers’ Training School at Udipi. The Anglo-Vernacular ap High School at Mangalore and the 16 non-Christian Elementary Schools are largely attended by Christians also. But itis pro- bable, that ere long it will become necessary to establish a Christian high school in these districts also, as has already been done in Malabar. Industrial and Mercantile Establishments. There i1s an idea prevalent among many English residents in this country that the Basel Mission is a rich mission, its industrial establish- ments yielding a large income, which goes far to meet the expenses of the mission. But it should never be forgotten that these establishments were originally founded, and are still kept up, in the first place for the benefit of the Native Christians themselves, providing work for those who have lost their livelihood by becoming Christians. It is true that the Lord has blessed our endeavours and that the mission derives part of its income from these establishments, but the whole income from our industrial and mercantile establishments would not be sufficient to meet even the cost of the different schools and other educational establishments in our several mission-fields. The Mercantile Mission-Branch at Mangalore, the Printing Press and Book concern, the Weaving Establishment at Mangalore with a branch at Mulky, the Mechanical Establish- ment at Mangalore, the Tile-Works at Jeppu and Kudroli (both near Mangalore) and at Malapu (or Malpe) near Udipi, employ altogether about 370 Christian men and boys, and 180 By daily prayer held in the Christian women and girls. establishments, with reading of the word of God, by judicious 37 ST T R & discipline and training, the superintendents endeavour to gradually raise the standard of Christian life and morals of these people and at the same time to influence the non- Christians employed, of whom there are a considerable number. B. » Evangelisation. In a variety of ways the gospel has been preached to the heathen during the year past, in the bazaars of the larger towns, on market-day gatherings, at fairs and idol-festivals, in the villages and homesteads of the people and in visiting from it house to house; the Bible-women, either alone or accompanied by some of the missionary ladies, visited their non-Christian 19 sisters to tell them the old story of the love of God tosinful men 1 and women. In numerous schools the work of leavening with the word of God the mind of the young people of high and low castes has been regularly going on, while Bible-portions, st books and tracts have been sold from the depots and by col- 6 porteurs in great numbers. More than 4000* days have been devoted by missionaries, evangelists and catechists to itiner- | ancy. On one occasion the students of the theological semi- ts nary at Mangalore made a preaching tour to North Canara where at the idol-fair of Koteshvar near Basrur about 50 i al adresses were given. As experiences in the work of evange- lisation we give the reports of different preachers. 8 stationed at Puttur, east of Evangelist Bethuel Soens, ab Mangalore, testifies to a growing acquaintance of the people i to listen to 1t than before. with the word of God at many places, and greater willingngss 0f ) * These figurs have been obtained by adding up the number of days which 16 each missionary, evangelist and catechist, as well as the pupils of the catechist sehool spent in itinerant preaching. 18 38 s e My. Ritter of Udipi reports:— ““At the time of the installation of a new Swami (high-priest) in Udipi we had for a whole week a very good opportunity to preach We the gospel to the people gathered together for the purpose. had a special booth erected for our accommodation and could preach 81 1 without any disturbance, while the boys of the Middle School at- tracted crowds of listeners by their singing.” Rev. Daniel Aarons of Udipi reports:— “I could give numberless instances that the word of God takes effect on the masses, but I will mention Effect of Preaching. only one: By hearing the word of God again and again the life of the heathen has become gradually more like that of Christians, and they respect such as lead a moral life. Once on a Sunday I met a Christian woman selling fruit. Two heathen women who saw her reproved her, telling her At K. that it was not right for a Christian to trade on Sunday. there is a Roman Catholic who diligently reads the word of God, comparing the Roman Catholic doctrines with it. Often when I am occupied with preaching to non-Christians in his neighbourhood he will come and assist me.” Mr. Gengnagel of Basrur reports of a visit to Kollur at the foot of the Ghauts in March 1893 :—- “To my astonishment I found a Brahman devotee or jogee who A Matricﬁlate had passed the matriculation examination and had had a high appointment in Government service. Jogee. ‘When I asked him why he had become a devotee travelling from place to place, he said, he wished to free himself from corruptibility and to rise to a higher standard of wisdom. I showed him from seripture and the sayings of pious Hindus, that the wisdom he desired was only to be found in Christ and that he could only attain his desire by humbling himself and by accepting 1] the grace of Christ. I invited him to become a Christian and to preach the gospel to his countrymen. He answered smiling: ‘I could preach of Jesus very well and there is no hindrance for me i SRS enii 39 - to come to your divine services, but it is impossible for me to believe in a Son of God who is said to have died for our sins. I am trying to seek rest for my soul in my own fashion, but that is no reason, 9329 why we should not remain friends . Assistant Catechist Christananda Manjarw writes :— “I was by birth a Brahman priest. After becoming a Christian I thought that those who in former times used to consult me on religious matters would now also be willing to accept the Christian ‘When formerly I taught them lies instead of religion from me. truth, they would firmly believe every thing I told them and would pay plenty of money for it; therefore I hoped that now when I told them the truth they would accept it and become Christians. But in i this I have been mistaken. The people now look Caste preferred to truth. on me and my brother as outcasts, and when we tell them the way of salvation ever so affection- ately they only think that we want to make outcasts of them also. As much as they used to honor us before, they now abuse us, not always openly, but among themselves. But I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ, for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth. Therefore I patiently bear their invectives and preach to my countrymen the gospel of Christ as the Lord gives me strength. The people have heard a good deal, and cannot now gainsay what we preach. But some say:—*‘It is all true what you say, but if we cannot believe it and act up to it, it is of no use listening to it.” Others think if the Christian religion did not require giving up caste, there would be no objection in believing it. But as it stands it is best that each keep his own religion though it be inferior.” Myr. Nibling of Honavar has been much cheered by the i1 willingness of the younger members of the Haviga Brahmans in North Canara, as well as by his experiences in the village of Karki near Honavar. z(;; ‘At first all were listless and dead”, he writes, “but after some time, 'several of the young people not only began to listen attentively 40 L s sl but to invi>te me to come again, and would also come to the mission- house to see me. As far as I can judge, some of them are not far from the kingdom of God.” Catechist Jesudasa Melattu in Kasaragod writes:— “The ordinary people in the interior think of Christians as of a ] rascally kind of people, living in crowds together ‘What People think of in caverns in the dense jungle. They believe them to be great magicians, who by means of different Missionaries. kinds of powders, enchant the people, and who when they meet anybody, throw some decoy powder upon them, whereby their victims become absolutely without a will of their own, following the ‘ Pdadre’ mechanically as a dog does his master. Having succeeded so far he confines them in some dark room, with- out food or drink, so as to break them thoroughly in and convert them into his tools. One of our Catechists, for instance, was asked by the people how long he was shut up by the “Pddre’ (missionary) till he became submissive and tame! People, however, who have ‘ j had some intercourse with Christians and have had opportunities to hear the gospel preached at heathen festivals and on other occasions are of quite a different opinion, though equally unfavourable to us. They think that among all the learned men on earth the ‘Pddres’ are the most learned and celebrated. The Guru of these ‘Pddres’ is believed to have promised to all governments of the earth on his word of honor, that to unite all people into one caste shall be his sole and highest aim. The governments do not only agree to pay the ‘Pddres’ handsomely, but give them a reward for every person they succeed in drawing over to Christianity. This, of course, makes i | them anxious to win the people either by means of books or by public preaching ; and they use every exertion in carrying out their evil purpose. Therefore every one should avoid coming into contact with them and on no account listen to their preaching or enter into conversation with them. ““The third class contains active opponents to Christis:mity, e.g.the polemic writer Mathakhanda Shastri and his disciples, who have compiled polemic pamphlets against Christianity in Malayalam and 41 B N distribute them everywhere. "Whenever they see us, they mock us, saying: ‘Jehovah parishuddhan (J. is holy), Jehovah parishuddhan, Jesus parishuddhan.’ Some of these mockers commit their polemic writings to memory in order to be able to recite them fluently so as to impart their unbelief more readily. They say, for instance, ‘the Bible is full of contradictions, at one place it says that God abides in the light, at another he is said to abide in darkness. But the “Pddres’ are foolish enough to believe all sorts of contradictions and false doctrines, which they try to impart to silly people in order to cheat them out of their caste. It is therefore no wonder, that they have made themselves detestable in places where they have been for any length of time. Besides that they are absolutely ignored by Government, reason enough for us to oppose them and to try to get rid of them.’ “There are, however, a few who have formed correct ideas and think fairly about us, but these are mostly cowards, fearing to commit themselves. Therefore they remain neutral, giving our enemies no cause to be displeased with them and at the same time remaining friendly with us.” Work among the female part of the population. Bible-women. At Mangalore Mr. Walz has a weekly class of Bible-women to prepare them. for their work, and Mrs. Walz accompanies them on their visits in the town. The higher castes rather dislike their coming, but in the houses of the lower classes they are generally welcome. The newly appointed Bible- women at Udipi used to be accompanied by Mrs. Ernst who gives some interesting accounts of the various kinds of re- ception they met with:— “One day a Brahman received us in front of his home with ‘We are the question: “What is your desire?’ How Bible-women Christians’, we said, ‘and we are come to tell the are received. women some stories from the word of God.’ ‘What women?’ he asked, ‘Brahman women? ‘Any women’, we said, ‘we don’t make any difference’. ‘Please go to the next house’. 6 9 4 4 At the next house the reception was similar, and so again and again. At the house of a toddy-drawer, the brother of one of our catechumens in the neighbourhood of Malpe, a low footstool was offered to us for a seat. The people talked with us till we turned our conversation to spiritual things, when the woman suddenly rose and began to pound b J) rice with great activity. When I asked her to come out she gave no answer, and her son who was listening was told by his father to go about his business. There we were. ‘We wish to tell you a few words about the life to come’ I said, ‘for you know very well, that death will not pass you by. But you are shutting your ears and will not hear, therefore it is your own fault, if you find heaven closed to ? you Then the woman came out and said, ‘May I offer you a cocoa- nut to drink?’ I declined, and we went to the next house. The son of the house however followed us and listened very attentively to our message, for which he was scolded when he got home.” But the Bible-women are not always treated like that. ) The next house Mrs. Ernst and the Bible-women proceeded to was the house of a Konkani Brahman. “We found”, the report proceeds, ‘“‘the mistress of the house at home. When we asked per- mission to come, she wanted to know what our business was. 1 said, ‘We want to say a few words to the wgmen’. ‘Of what kind are those words?’ she asked, eyeing us suspiciouly, ‘Well’, we said, ‘we are all mortal men and may be called away by God any day, therefore we want to speak to you about heaver and the future life.’ ‘Do let the people have their say’, a little girl of about 12 years urged her mother, ‘their words are good, I was listening to them over there’. ‘Well, you may speak’, her mother answered rather reluctantly. ‘May we sit down®’ I asked. As she would say neither yes nor no, I came to her assistance by saying ‘We don’t want to sit in front of your house, there is room for us under the tree’. ‘With these words I sat down, and we told her the parable of the great supper. When we had finished, the master of the house appeared. “Why are you sitting in the sun? he asked kindly, ‘come to the house, I know you well. Why did you not invite them to the house?’ he asked his wife in Konkani, who replied, ‘I did not 43 P know who they were, did I?’ As we had finished our mission, we were kindly dismissed by the gentleman and invited to come again. “In another quarter, we were passing by a house where the last time we had been treated rather slightingly, when we heard a woman call to her grandmother, ‘Granny, granny, they are coming’. The grandmother followed on our heels to the mext house, where last time we had been treated and listened to in a very friendly way. This time the mistress of the house was absent, and we asked a young woman if we might tell her some story. She hesitated, when the old woman said to her, ‘Say yes, otherwise they will go away’ and Soon other women drew the young woman to a seat beside herself. also gathered round us, and some of them listened with interest to the parable of the prodigal son.” At Basrur there are no Bible-women, but Mrs. Gengnagel visits the women in their houses, accompanied by the wife of her servant. Since the people, when sick, are accustomed to go to her for assistance and to get medicine from her, she is welcomed in many houses. She reports:— “The attention of the women varies much. Some always say “Yes, but what can we do?’ Others try to defend their religion. A farmer’s wife, when I represented to her the uselessness of her idols and of the Tulasi shrub said:—¢‘Oh, the shrub is A bigoted Tulasi worshipper. my God. I need it very much. I worship it daily. I place myself before it, join my hands and say:—‘Give me a blessing and happiness to-day, let my house- hold prosper, protect my children and forgive my sins.’ Many a time when I had lost my key, I would say to the shrub:—‘Show me No, no, I shan’t the thief,” and lo, I always found the key again. allow any harm to be done to my Tulasi shrub. ‘While my house Of the missionaries the stands, no other religion shall come in.’ women believe, that Government gives them money as much as they want, and that they have plenty of it. They have no need to work, they lie about idle the whole day.” 6* 44 Elioni Gl For non-Christians our mission Evangelisation by Schoeols. is supporting 22 primary schools and 3 anglo-vernacular schools—one of them a high school—in these districts, besides which many non-Christian children attend our parochial schools, so that the whole number of non-Christian children Rl that receive Christian training in our schools in these districts is 1322 boys and 298 girls. We cannot boast of any con- versions among our pupils, but if we were to inquire into the ways and means by which the adults who are received into the church in the course of a year, were led to Christ, we should find that in many cases the first impression had been received in a Christian school. We give a few extracts from reports received. My. Bucher, superintendent of the Anglo-Vernacular High School at Mangalore, writes: — “The matriculation examination of last year was uncommonly difficult; of 28 candidates sent up, four only passed, that is 14 per cent, whereas the average of the whole presidency was only 9 per cent. The school has been enlarged, and there is now plenty of room, and also a spacious gymnasium. The school is nearly self- supporting. In consequence of the new code it is now easier to work together in harmony with other schools.—As the masters of the school did not like to be behind other schools in the matter of prize- distribution, they ccllected a considerable sum of money for the purpose.” Regarding the effect of the Bible-lessons, Mr. Bucher writes :— “One .boy who would continually contradict Bible teaching and sometimes would use improper expressions regarding Christianity, had to be reproved and left the school.—Another, belonging to the highest form, has the courage to confess his faith in Christ openly, and is trying to convince others also. There are others, who now and then assure me that they read the word of God at home.” 45 ARSI - Miss Maria Koundinya, superintendent of the Brahman Girls’ School, reports:— “ At the beginning of the year we ’had 59 girls; 23 left, 26 were admitted, so we close with 62. The attendance ) | Brahman Girls’ School. has been better than last year, so also have the results of the examination. Of 48 girls examined 45 passed. The girls are mostly sharp, intelligent and loving ; they learn diligently, if the teacher understands how to rouse them. The little ones are always ready to ask for a holiday on the occasion of a feast-day, whereas the big girls often object to have holidays and prefer coming to school. The fourth class especially has been very good. Most of them took pains in their studies and neglected as few lessons as possible, in order to be able to pass the primary examination before the board. But though the girls are willing to learn, it is often the parents that object. ‘Whatis the use’ they say, ‘of paying so much for a girl? she will never get an appointment.’ Others wish that their girls should chiefly learn English.—The word of God is not without making its impression. One day, during respite, one of the girls came to my room to report that certain beg- gars were asking alms. ‘Is it true’, she asked, ‘that beggars will go to heaven ?’ And on my answering her, she said with a mysteri- ous air, but with a happy face: ‘Myself and L. believe in the Lord Jesus, we pray to Him every day, but we won’t let any body know itf.” Mr. Schaible reports of the Anglo-Vernacular School at Mulky : — ““A number of heathen children have a creditable knowledge of Bible-history, though others are rather confused. The parochial schools are partly heathen, the number of non-Christians being greater than that of the Christians. Fees are difficult to ecollect. Still I am very glad that we have these schools. It is always a pleasure for me, when I am in those out-stations, to converse with g the children on some-part of Bible-history or some other religious subject.”’ e 46 Mr. Gengnagel of Basrur reports: — “Gradaally the fear of the people to send their children to our schools is disappearing, and attendance is getting more regular.— The toddy-drawers, however, are still afraid to send their children, thinking that by some stratagem or other we are going to carry them off and make them Christians.—At Kailkeri we opened a school in May last. But as yet it is very scantily attended ; the fear of some secret spell that might be practised on the children by the missionaries is still great.” TN N NN NN N NSNS ~ II. Coorg. ‘Area 2000 square miles, Population 178,302 Two Stations. Languages Canarese and Kodaga (Coorg), f a dialect of Canarese. A. The Native Church. Nine adult persons have been admitted into the church :é‘: by baptism, two at Mercara and seven at Anandapur, but owing to a considerable number of people leaving the district, ¢ especially Mercara, the total number is somewhat less than last year. My. Schenkel at Mercara can report that the attendance of divine service is creditable and that family-prayer is held \;: at least once a day in each house. The parochial school is f scantily attended, owing to the want of an efficient master. il €y of Anandapur Mr. Fischer writes:— “The greatest obstacle to the growth of the church in spiritual th life, as well as in number, is the propensity of the people to licen- fa tiousness. But the weapon of the word of God is used against this enemy, and not without effect. Tt is at the bedside of the sick and o LA L dying, that we are sometimes permitted to see its effect. The month of April was a time of much sickness among our A Deathbed. people, inflammation of the lungs and ague being prevalent. It was during this time of distress that I was summoned to the sickbed of a young woman whose quiet and modest behaviour had always impressed me. During the previous night she had suddenly been attacked by a burning fever with violent cough and convulsions, which nearly suffocated her. On the morning she went to her mother’s house and said to her: ‘Mother, up to this time I have been your daughter, but now I am Some time afterwards she going to be the Saviour’s daughter’. wanted sp'iribual assistance and sent for me. 'When I arrived, she sat up, looked at me, and said: ‘Alas, I am in great anguish and distress, greater than I can express. To my question as to the cause of her distress, whether it was her illness or something else, she replied: ‘Yes, also my illness, but especially my sins! Last night I thought I should die.’ It was a great joy to me to find a soul whose distress was caused not so much by her illness, but by her sins. When I comforted her with the gracious invitation of our Saviour, ‘Come unto' me ete.’, she said, ‘I have already been calling on the Lord; but will he hear and accept me ?’ ‘Yes’, I said, ‘he § will ; he loved you also, he died for you and bought you for his own child and is now calling to you:—‘Though your sins be as scarlet, y they shall be as white as snow.’ ‘Yes’, she said, ‘I now believe that the Lord loves me’. Next day, when I went to see her, her mind was more quiet and peaceful. She could believe that the blood of Christ cleansed her from all her sins. On the 0 third day I was summoned three times; she had hard struggles d 18 to go through and always felt relieved by my prayer. She had no doubts now and could leave every thing in the hands of Jesus, even her only son. ‘The world’ she said, ‘cannot hold me now when I am going to the Lord.’ ‘When I entered her house the al third time she had already completed her pilgrimage. She had fallen asleep in peace.” It] i e 48 B. Evangelisation. Myr. Schenkel writes from Mercara: — “Qur means of evangelisation are houde-to-house visiting, preach- ing in the bazaars, and selling tracts and Bible-portions. The cooly \p mission in its original shape has come to a stand-still, owing to the almost hostile attitude of the planters. Preaching in the bazaars is rather discouraging; while the consumption of liquors is increasing, religious indifference is also growing apace. One million quarts of country liquor are consumed yearly in qurg.” The number of days devoted to itinerancy by Mr. Schenkel and his two native assistants was 313. Mr. Flischer at Anandapur and his two native assistants together devoted 295 days to itinerancy; besides that, they pretty regularly preached to the people gathered on market days at Virara- jendrapet, Siddhapur, Ammatti, Gonikoppa and Ponampet, (B and to the coolies on coffee plantations. My. Fischer reports:— “On the whole we meet with little inquiry after truth, and still less hunger and thirst after righteousness. ‘The money which I possess’, a rich Coorg said with a sneer, ‘is of more value to me, than all the fine promises of your books.’—Siddhapur, Ammatti, Virara- jendrapet, Gonikoppa and Ponampet are small villages where little can be done on ordinary days. But on market days multitudes of people There is flock together there, and we get a numerous attendance. no opposition; most of our audiences belong to the lower classes who know neither the Bible nor their own religious books. But I am convinced that the Lord will not withbold his blessing from this kind of work.” The Cooly Mission is sowing in hope even more than other mission-work. We preach to the coolies near their houses mostly in the evenings after their return from work. During the working season these people come from different parts of the country to the coffee-plantations, returning to their houses 49 L after some time. It is therefore impossible to gather them into churches. But this shall not deter us from pfeaching’ the gospel to them. D e L o D 16 18 III. Southern Mahratta Country. 3 Dharwar and Bijapur Collectorates. of Area 10,271 square miles, Population 1,847,653. Five Stations. ol X This district, though called Southern Mahratta, because it once formed part of the Mahratta kingdom of the Peishwas, d is essentially Canarese, more than 814 per cent of the inhabi- ) tants speaking the Canarese language. Mission work is there- fore almost exclusively carried on in this language. The Canarese people live closely together in compact villages and towns, sometimes of considerable size. Their character and disposition are more independent than that of the people on Il the coast, and as a rule they cling tenaciously to the customs and religion of their ancestors. Therefore the gospel is 2} making very slow progress in these districts. Though preaching in the bazaars aund the villages, teaching o le in schools, selling of books and tracts has been carried on as elsewhere, there has not been a single baptism during the 18 65 past year. A. The Native Church 118 therefore shows almost no increase in numbers. Two of the stations, Dharwar and Bettigeri, even show a considerable fall- ing off, partly on account of a number of people leaving the er (o) station, and partly on account of secession to the S.P.G. In 0§ Dharwar we have had to witness the painful spectacle of a missionary of the S. P. G. consecrating a place of worship in of 65 the very compoﬁnd of the Basel Mission, on a piece of ground 7 50 which the Basel Mission had sold at a reduced price to per- sons belonging to their community on condition that they should not sell it to any body else, which place of worship is intended for people who had already been gathered from the heathen by the Basel Mission. e The attendance at divine service at Hubli and Bijapur, is good whereas at Dharwar, Bettigeri and Guledgudd most of the women are accustomed to absent themselves from the Sunday morning service; at some of the out-stations of Guledgudd also, especially Murudi, Halkurki and Mushtigeri, the attendance is often very scanty. We are pleased to see, however, that in a goodly number of families the word of God is held dear and is the ruling power of family-life.—As re- gards the morals of the people, we have continually to fight against the old habits of licentiousness, quarrelling, using foul language, drinking, smoking hemp and the like, but now and b then we are privileged to find souls, who, though filling a humble station, lead truly Christian lives. Such a one was Devamitra, the cook of the boys’ orphanage. For a very moderate pay he has been doing the Faithful in a very little. cooking of the orphanage faithfully and conscien- tiously, and though he was ailing for the last few years, he would get up long before dawn every morning to prepare jowaree cakes for the boys. He had had no schooling; but during his Jeisure hours he learned to read, and could read his Bible and hymn-book, of which he was very fond.—When a special collection was made last year to assist our home committee in paying their debt, he gave a whole month’s salary. A chill he got on a holiday excursion to Badami with the orphanage boys, brought on typhoid fever, and feeling that death was approaching, he prepared himself for it. Having no family, he left the greater part of his property to the mission in his will. It will be difficult to find a successor for him, who with the same peaceful spirit combines an equal amount of ﬁdelity and conscientiousness. Y 51 Eduecation. With a few very creditable exceptions the ) education in the families leaves room for much improvement. 1§ Nor is the education offered in our schools always duly 6 appreciated. The villagers in our out-stations Kardenhalli and Mushtigeri especially are very backward in sending their Ly children to school and in paying school-fees. We hope that of by patience and firmness combined we shall gradually ac- 10 custom the parents to take more interest in the education of their children. We have two orphanages, one for boys and of Ly one for girls, in this district, in which however not only by orphans, but also other destitute children; or children who cannot get proper education at home, are admitted. There d are besides five day-schools for children of Christians, and those that have ability may continue their studies in the pre- paratory school (Middle School) at Bettigeri-Gadag, where they get both board and education, or in the High school at Dharwar. In the preparatory school at Bettigeri with which a training-class for schoolmasters is connected, boys are prepared either for the Theological Seminary at Mangalore or for the training class. A seminary where young men who {7 are desirous of entering the Lord’s service at a riper age with- out having had a thorough education before-hand, are trained for assistant catechists, is likewise combined with this prepar- 8 atory school at Bettigeri. d )i B. Evangelisation. I ] The missionaries ar.1d their native assistants have alto- gether spent 1875 days in itinerancy; besides that, preaching I in the bazaars in the towns of Dharwar, Hubli, Gadag, Bettigeri, ! ] Guledgudd and Bijapur, or *house-to-house visiting has been regularly carried on. We give a few extracts that have | reached us about this branch of our work. 7* 52 P Mr. Warth writes:— “One day we were permitted ‘to preach in a Lingait convent, before a Lingait priest who reads the Bible, and about 60 of his disciples. These people listened with great eagerness and devotion, so that we almost fancied we were in a church.”’ L] 4 My. Knittel reports :— “There are many readers of the Bible here and there in the country, individuals or whole communities. The word of God, which is spirit and power and life, is certainly doing its secret work in the hearts of the heathen, and when the time of the Lord arrives there will be a joifful harvest. One of those inquirers is a certain Svami in a Lingait math. He rejects idolatry and pantheism and reads the Bible left to him by his predecessor, who Guru who reads A Lingait is now after his death worshipped as a god. He the Bible. is in possession of a pamphlet also left him by his predecessor in which the deceased states his claim to be considered as the true Christ. The old Svami is very fond of the Bible, which he knows pretty well and highly venerates.” My. Risch of Bettigeri writes:— “I was most pleased this year with the work in the large, rich towns and villages north of Bettigeri, where I had never been before. 1 was afraid I should find proud and hard hearts and much op- position in those places. These have not been quite absent, but compared with the good reception we met with in most places, the unpleasant incidents are scarcely worth mentioning. The well-to-do farmers differ from the people in the poor villages south of Bettigeri where I travelled last year, being much more independent and intelligent. But just for that reason the work among them is on the whole more satisfactory, because the preaching is better under- stood. A venerable, rich and esteemed village-accountant at D., who followed us one morning to four different places of preaching in his village, and again and agafn listened seriously and eagerly to the same message, is only one of many instances which are a pledge that in those well-to-do villages also the lamb of God, the 53 L 2 Lion of the tribe of Judah shall in his own time ‘divide the spoil with the strong AR ° i 1is Catechist Henry Kodot of Shagoti reports s n, «“In our village most of the heathen eonfess that Christianity is the true religion. Several read the word of God and pray every day. Others have learned the Lord’s prayer and say it at their meals or before going to sleep. But they lack courage to confess Christ he od openly. A short time ago I was talking to a Hindu. He said they had a prophecy that after five years all the world would have only itk one religion and that, no doubt, would be the Christian religion, then €S he also would become a Christian.” Al nd My. Lutz of Guledgudd reports:— ho In the course of the past year we were able to visit about 120 e places to preach the gospel to the inhabitants. In many of them no his Qur dis- preacher of the gospel had entered for the last 10 years. 118 triet numbers about 530 towns and villages. In about 200 of these )fy we have been itinerating since 1887, the remainder have not been touched by direct missionary labour for at least 8 years. No wonder therefore that we cannot speak of any conversions.” My. Berli of Bijapur writes:— ch 16 “Travelling in the district is always a pleasure to me. Though ) as yet we have none or few conversions, our work is not in vain; there is scarcely a village in our distriet in which some of our tracts yuf he are not found, and these are doing their work silently. ‘When the do time of grace for the Southern Mahratta country arrives, we shall g1l see that the long season of sowing has not been in vain.” nd Bible-women. We have as yet only five Bible-women, one on at Dharwar, two at Bettigeri and two at Guledgudd. At Bijapur or Mrs. Berli visits the houses of Mahomedans and heathen in D, the neighbourhood to speak to the women and to tell them g Bible-stories. She was almost everywhere kindly received, 1)y N though she found that the women took little interest in the word of God. he 54 it S At Dharwar Mrs. Ziegler occasionally accompanies the Bible-woman on her visits. She reports of their experience at those visits :— ““One day when we came to a house which we now and then visit, and where we are always welcome, we asked one of the women whether she remembered what we had told her last time. ‘I really do not know’, she replied, ‘if it be advisable to remember any- thing you tell us, or if it would be better not to listen to you at all. For when I listen to what you say, my heart is disquieted, and there is something like a conflict within me. I do not dare any more to act as I used to act, and if I want to do anything which is not right, my heart says to me, ‘You must not do it, it is not right, the Bible- woman has told you so. If T had not listened to you, there would be no conflict, and I should be in peace.’—Another day as we were explaining the ten commandments to the women gathered at the same house, one of them, a nice, intelligent woman, said to the f | other women:—¢‘According to the law of God we should no more tell any lies, but should tell the truth. This evening I was to return a small sum of money which I had borrowed. But when I entered the house and found that the Bible-woman is here, I thought, ‘Now the Bible-woman is here, I cannot pay back the money to-day, but I can say, I could not pay it sooner, because I had it not.’ However after what you have been telling us just now, I must not say so, because I indeed have got the mouney, but I shall tell the person who lent me the money that I had no time to-day as the Bible-womar had come.’ Cases like this of an awakened con- science are, however, not frequent, it is more common that the women say, ‘It is impossible to live as the Bible tells us to live. Evangelisation by schools. In six primary schools and one high school, chiefly intended for non-Christians, partly also in the parochial schools established for Christian children, the word of God in the Old and New Testaments has been told, read and explained, and appropriate Bible texts have been Thus the committed to memory by 659 non-Christian boys. 55 16 good seed has been sown into the hearts of the young and is b sure to bring forth fruit in due season. E T S P e a a L o E b )i y IV. Malabar. | Area 4,765 square miles, Population 2,365,035. 6 Seven Stations. Language Malayalam. Cb Last year we had the privilege of reporting considerable j progress in the mission-work in Malabar. We are thankful that the progress has continued and the accession of comn- verts from among the heathen has been even greater during the year under report than the year before. ;E A. The ﬁative Church shows an increase of 429 baptized members, 201 adults and v 145 children having been received by baptism from among the heathen. Of the seven centres of work in Malabar, Codacal has had the greatest number of converts, altogether 159. f Most of the converts belong to the Tiyer or toddy-drawer caste, a few are Cherumers; there are also a few Nairs (land-owners). We give some extracts from the reports of Myr. Jaus and Mr. Bosshardt to show the various ways in which the converts had been led to the Lord:— “A toddy-drawer thought of becoming a Christian, but he would first see the Christians in their daily life; he therefore came to Satisfied with what he saw Codacal to stay there for some time. and heard, he came for good. “ Parangoten came to us with five children, including a baby, feeling sure that his wife would soon follow him and her children. She followed him indeed, not to stay, but to take away her children. 56 —_— Two of them she took and stayed away for months. Messengers who were sent to inquire brought back the news, that she was still as hard as ever and would never become a Christian, the less since her parents and other relatives were against it. But the spirit of God changed her heart and she came. She and her husband were a year b | and a half under instruetion. Then came a time of trials. One child died unbaptized; a second one after baptism. Her husband got smallpox twice. He recovered from the first attack, but after the second he too died. She was left a widow with 3 children. “ Kunyamma joined us together with her father, though her husband took away her only child by force. Some time afterwa,rds her husband with the child also joined us, but he died of smallpox, and she was baptized together with her little daughter. “When another Parangoten (now Nicodemus) joined us, his wife and a son would not follow him. At last his wife was decided by a dream, a voice saying to her distinetly: ‘Go the way which you (ﬁ‘ have been told to go’, and she joifled her husband. But the son was kept back by bad company. His father asked for our special intercession on his behalf, believing that our prayers would be heard. He was not disappointed. The son was present at the baptism of a number of converts in December 1891, which so moved him, that he cut off his hairlock and joined the Christians. “diappan, a Cherumer of Palat, had to suffer a good deal of per- secution when he became a Christian, some high caste people even beat him. But he remained firm. After his baptism he stayed at his village and is now trying to lead others to Christ. ‘At the beginning of the year under report Mr. Gopalen Menon, a matricalate master of our Anglo-vernacular school at Ponani, in a letter to Mr. Bosshardt expressed his firm resolve to become a Christian, because after carefully comparing Hinduism and Christian- ity he had been convinced of the truth of the latter. He had been of this conviction for several months, but the thought of his friends and his property had kept him back. At last he felt that it was his duty to forsake everything, even his dearly loved wife, for the sake of God and religion. ‘When on the 21st January he carried out 57 e his intention, there was great excitement at Ponani, and he had for | some time to retire to Paraperi near Codacal. Endeavours were also made to ruin our Anglo-vernacular school at Ponani and to establish another, but they came to nought, since the necessary funds were not forthcoming. Meanwhile the new convert was carefully studying the scriptures and preparing himself for baptism, which took place on Easter Sunday. Gopalan (now James Victor) returned to Ponani, where after a hard and painful struggle with his friends and relatives he settled again, though without his wife, and is now, as before, a master in our Anglo-vernacular school. May the Lord keep him and all the other new converts on the narrow way they have entereq, till they reach the glorious prize !77 The Codacal station was much tried by sickness during the year past. Smallpox and measles especially were very rife and carried off a good number; some were attacked even two or three times by smallpox. Several cases of carnal sins have come to light, and the worst is that the chief sinners were Christians of long standing, who instead of repenting rebelled against church-discipline. The Codacal centre with its out-stations has now the largest number of Christians in Malabar, numbering 1068 baptised church-members (including children), while Calicut, hitherto the largest station in Malabar, has only 1058. Calicut, however, has also had a good harvest. We have the pleasure of giving an extract from the report of Mr. Jonas Padiath, the native pastor :— “By the grace of God the external growth of the church during the past year has been the most blessed of all; the namber of the church-members having now risen to exactly 1000 (excluding the out-stations), 68 souls have been admitted from among the heathen. Though most of these came for their daily bread, yet baptismal instruction has worked a great blessing in their hearts, whereas on the other hand it cannot be concealed that the devil also had his work in them, so that a number of those, who had been under in- 8 58 struction became backsliders, and others had to be dismissed on ac- fa count of ill-behaviour immediately before the time appointed for 10 their baptism. kit “In October last the Lord granted us the pleasu‘re of baptising fo a family of eight souls. The head of this family was led to the Lord fo by his son Chandukutti, who was baptised a year or two ago, and is a teacher in the parochial boys’ school at Calicut. The father, who at first showed aversion to Christianity, on a visit to his son came into contact with the word of God and its ministers, and had oppor- f tunity to hear a good deal of it. By and by the seed which had been t sown in his heart, while still a boy in the school at Putiangadi, began to spring up. Though resolved to become a Christian, he found it 3 very difficult to carry out his intention, his relatives and caste people, ai among whom he was a person of note, and especially his wife, plac- ing many obstacles in his way. At last his son, accompanied by § Evangelist Nathanael Arukanden, in the middle of the night fetched him and his wife and children in two carriages to Calicut. His wife i 8 during the first days after the flight felt very unhappy. ‘Why did I leave my friends and relations to live in the midst of strangers ¥’ i she would wail. But gradually fear and grief began to depart, and She she learned to understand and to praise the ways of the Lord. said to the Evangelist:—‘That I who had formally declared that I would never become a Christian, and beat myself in the presence % of my son—that I should have got up at once when on that memo- rable night my husband called me, saying, ‘Get up, let us go’, and should have gone down the stairs, I can consider as nothing else but the doings of God. Now I am rejoicing greatly. 'Who would have z: thought that it is such a good thing to be a Christian?’ During baptismal instruction, when the instructor one day had explained the account of Abraham’s going out from his own country and kindred, Both husband and she said: ‘That is just as it was with ourselves.’ wife were eagerly longing for their baptism, and chose for themselves the names 4braham and Sarak. A short time before their baptism their eldest son Chundukutti (Lazar) had the joy of bringing home his wife Unnichira, who had so long been retained in the midst of heathenism. When he joined the Christians he sent her to her 59 LAk il But she was family, hoping that she would by and by follow him. for not inclined to do so, and even if she had been,bshe was so strietly watched, that she would have found it impossible, and when he went g to her parents’ house to fetch her, he was not even permitted to speak |r.d to her, and he and his companion Evangelist Nathanael Arukanden 1 were loaded with abuses. But Lazar did not An answer ho cease to pray to God on her account, till He ne to Prayer. Lazar’s opened the way in a wonderful manner. I father-in-law had been brought to court by his landlord for criminal el trespass. In his action the plaintiff had fraudulently pleaded that a defendant had vacated his house long ago. To prove that he had i always lived in the house the defendant cited Nathanael Arukanden e, as a witness. On his evidence the court decided in favour of the defendant. The fact that the Christian Evangelist who had been )y shortly before so shamefully abused by him, the defendant, now gave d testimony in his favour, touched his heart so much that he said to his son-in-law, ‘I shall gladly let my child go among such people as that manis’. Therefore when Lazar and Arukanden went oue day to fetch o the young wife from the midst of their weeping relatives, he was not d at home, The Lord made also the young wife willing to follow her 0 husband. After joining him, she gladly and eagerly listened to baptismal instruction and joyfully confessed her faith in public. She received the name Martha. Their little girl of four years of age, whom her grandmother had kept back, was also returned to them some time afterwards, and was baptised with her mother on 1 the 24th December. Thus the Lord had heard Lazar’s prayers and given him his heart’s desire. “As regards the pastoral care of church-members, the work which the Lord is carrying on by His spirit in the hearts is generally ge not visible to human eye. But at the approach of death it becomes apparent that the Lord is with His people and manifesting himself to their hearts. An old member of the church, who had formerly been a worker in church and in school, but had to be Saved by Grace. dismissed, came to Calicut a few days before his death in order to die there. He was well pre- pared. His only trust was the sacrifice of his Saviour Jesus Christ. 8% B 60 He confessed his faith in Him and his readiness to go to Him, and breathed his last under the- prayers of the catechist. If, however, S we look at the spiritual state of the Calicut church in general, there seems to be a kind of coldness and indifference overspreading it. The desire after the word of God seems to be on the deecline. The afternoon services especially are very scantily attended; prayer- meetings have declined, and family-prayer also is neglected by some. The consequences are disunion and disputes in the families, blunt- ing of the moral sense in many. Even quarrelling and brawling among different parties, especially among the young, are not un- frequent. ‘We long for an outpouring of the spirit of God on our people.” The Cannanore church has had the privilege of receiving 50 souls from among the heathen by baptism. We take the following extracts from M7. Ostermeyer’s report respecting them :— ] ““Jacob, one of their number, was a sawyer, born at Anjarkandy. In his 18th year he resolved to become a Christian, but was prevent- ed by his brother and mother. Some chronic disease drove him away from his home, and he became a pilgrim, wandering about in the country for a whole year; but finding no rest for his soul, he came to me. His wife, who at first was opposed to his becoming a Christian, became afterwards a help to him in learning Bible history and receiving Christian instruetion. ‘““Another candidate for baptism was Kannen, who had been a devil-dancer for eight years. “Narayonan Nair, son of a land-owner, had often taken part in disputations with the preachers of the gospel at heathen festivals, but at last received an impression that after all the Christian religion might be the true one. Smallpox helped him to come to a decision, and he came to the missionary with the intention of becom- ing a Christian. His relations dragged him back, but he escaped and came again. Though the son of a land-owner, he did not refuse to do the work of a day-labourer during the time of his instruction and probation. 61 nd ¢« Another young man of the Nair caste was suffering from much er, sickness, but his intention to become a Christian was so true apd e earnest that he could not be refused. 1t ¢ Jesumati, a girl of a well-to-do Tiyer family, was seduced while he working in a coffee factory, but was brought back to the way of eI truth and purity by our Bible-women and our Colporteur.” 10 Nt Myr. Ostermeyer continues:— 0§ “It was a great joy for us to see how actively the church- N members took part in the support of the candidates LI} Missioﬁary Zeal for baptism; nearly Rs. 167 were collected for in the Church. this purpose. Without the generous assistance 0 of our English friends, however, we should still have been unable to raise the money necessary. It would not have been strange if the he church-members had been a little envious, or at least ill at ease at 5 the great number of converts, seeing that most of them threatened to become their competitors in the struggle for maintenance. But there appeared nothing of the kind. f “When one day I informed our Christians in a missionary meeting i n that it was very difficult for me to find work for so many new-comers, the next day or so several families expressed their willingness each 16 to employ one of the candidates for baptism in their houses. 8 “On the occasion of the baptism of 32 heathen on the 12th le November I invited the Chowa Christians also to be present, giving notice of a kind of mission anniversary on a small scale. One of the speakers afterwards protested against calling the day an anni- ji versary on a small scale. A day on which 32 heathen were baptis- ed was well worthy to be called a great feast-day.—The members 5 of the congregation evidenced their joy and interest on this oceasion Ji by hospitably entertaining the guests and by a generous contribution. “ Migsionary zeal shows itself also in the joy and e‘agerness with which new candidates are brought for baptism. Of the 118 of the past year at least three-fourths had been brought in by our church members, who often expressed their willingness to receive them into their houses in order to influence them still further.” 62 Sl The church at Tellicherry consists of two divisions, one in the town, the other at Nettur. Mr. Frohnmeyer, who has charge of Nettur, writes:— ‘““We have been privileged to receive fourteen souls into the church by baptism; one of them is the wife of Johanan Nair who had been baptized last year (see Report of 1892,p.55). Of her own motion A TR ey A P e~ S o il T she declared her willingness to come to him. Another schoolmaster also was baptized. Of those that had been under instruetion, five left us again, one of them, a lad of 16 or 18 years, very unwillingly, but his father used every means to take him away. At first he tried the most shameful lies, telling the boy, that his mother was danger- ously ill, and the like. ‘When these lies were seen through by the z son, he carried him away by force. But the son escaped from his father and appeared again at the mission-house. The father then threatened to go to law, and as the son could not prove that he had reached his 18th year, we had to advise him to return with his father. I “QOutwardly the past year was better than the year before ; there was less sickness also. As regards the spiritual state, encoiraging signs are not wanting; church-dues and missionary contributions have been paid, though we would wish more spontaneity; the means of grace are attended to. In private conversation which we have with those who wish to come to the Lord’s Supper, we oceasionally perceive that our work is not in vain. One day in a very gentle manner I pointed out some moral defects to a certain church-member; he answered me very rudely, but returned two hours afterwards to ask my forgiveness and to confess that I had been quite right.” My. Bader, who is in charge of the church in the town of Tellicherry, reports:— “The work in the poor-house is rather discouraging; the old women and spinsters lodging there show an Poor in Means and Poor in the astonishing cleverness in bickering and exciting quarrels, and though they are reconciled again Spirit. and again, they as often fall to quarrelling again. Despite these discouraging incidents, the Lord did not leave me s L e 63 1 without comfort, and in connection with the very same poor-house. 45 Last year a man died in the poor-house, whose childlike faith in Christ His first impressions he had received through gave me real joy. one of our Christians and through Mr. Fritz; but he afterwards took he to drinking, and would have become a regular drunkard if the Lord ad had not interposed. He was earning his livelihood as a eart-driver. on One day the pole of his cart struck him so violently on the chest or that he received some internal injury which made him unfit for work. ft He came to the poor-house, but his wife earned enough for both so i that he had not to be supported by the church. While he lived at the il poor-house, the Lord drew him to Himself, and he became a devout man and a man of prayer. On the eve of his death, after the Lord’s 19 Supper had been administered to him, he said: ‘Now I am ready, 18 now the Lord may take me. I know that there is nothing good in n me, I see nothing but sin. But I trust entirely in the merey of God. d Just as a poor dove takes refuge with its owner from storm and rain, so I take refuge with my Creator; will he drive me away?’ In this faith he died. o “As regards willingness of our church-members to give something 15 to the Lord’s cause, it has struck me, that those who are independent 15 of the mission are the ones who are most inclined to practise charity, give their church-dues most willingly, and are most grateful for the spiritual gifts they receive through the mission.” z My. Weismann of Chombala reports:— “We ought to begin our report with praise and thanksgivings Whence are we this year especially, for we have been privileged to buy bread that to receive 33 souls out of the heathen into the f these may eat? church of Christ, and to send 9 more to other stations, while 10 persons are still under preparation. This is a fair harvest for our small station, and it is gratifying to observe that in our neighbourhood there are more families who seriously intend to confess their faith in Christ openly and to ask for baptism. A short while ago two Nairs and one toddy-drawer came to me one night, declared they could no longer serve idols, and asked for admission. Two other men I surprised on the sea- 64 e shore reading the Gospel of St. Luke. They declared to me, ‘This 0 book is the truth; we also shall join you, we cannot do otherwise.’ 11 Others are only waiting for this or that relation, who has promised u‘ to join them in becoming Christians. ‘We ought to be heartily re- i joiced at seeing such fruits of our labours, and yet neither the mis- 0! sionary mnor the church-members seem to rejoice, because the i ‘How shall I find work for the new- missionary asks himself: comers ? How shall I be able to support them even with great pe- cuniary sacrifices ?’ And the church-members, who are depending a on their earnings in our weaving establishment which has only 18 §] looms, look at the new-comers as intruders whose employment will lessen their own already scanty earnings. What shall we do? More looms eannot be obtained; other means of gaining a livelihood are 1 nowhere to be found; for it is in vain for Christians to look for N employment on the paddy-fields or in the compounds of the Nairs. Nothing remains to us, but to declare to the applicants for baptism from the heathen that we are willing to instruet them in the Chris- d| tian religion, but are unable to support them.”—We wonder whether St. Paul could have done more. Mr. Weismann continues :— “Under these circumstances we are especially glad of the con- version of Koran (now Abraham) at Melady, who was baptized last year, and has this year been followed by his wife and child. He is the only Christian as yet at Melady who with his family is % cultivating his paddy-field and has no thought of asking pecuniary assistance. The conversion of his wife is a miracle in our eyes.” We narrate the fact in the words of Mr. Peter :— “During the rainy season it was my task to lend a helping ‘hand to the old backslider 4., who after having A miracle of Grace. long ago returned to his caste was mow penitent and wanted to come back to Christ. His wife, however, did her utmost to prevent this. She would sometimes let us stand for hours under the burning midday sun in the hot sand before her house without permitting.us to take shelter under the roof G 65 11§ of her verandah, and when at last her husband came home and invited us to sit down on the verandah, she became furious, cursed o us, threateped to hang herself before our eyes, and then to ecut her throat with a big sharp billhook; and when we had wrested that 5 out of her hands, she beat herself with a piece of wood and with 10 cocoanuts in the most frantic manner, and with foaming mouth bif her husband. Sometimes she would rush upon us with a paddy- pestle and endanger our very lives. But we kept the field, so that g at last she left her husband’s house, not however before she had 8 smashed his best kitchen vessels and cut a mat into pieces with a il billhook. After a month’s separation she eame back penitent and 16 with a contrite heart, and an entire change took place in her. She 16 now eagerly drank in the word of God, keeping her house and her o son clean and in order, and on the day of baptism she and her 12 years old son with her confessed their faith in Christ fearlessly.” Regarding the spiritual state of the Chombala church 74 Mr. Weismann writes :— “Not one of the church-members that were last year helping in After a hard the Sunday schools has become tired of his work. day’s work the Sunday school teachers come to the house of Mr. Peter for the preparatory class, and on Sundays they walk a d distance of two, three miles to the Sunday school even during the pouring rain of the monsoon. They have persisted in spite of the 1§ mockeries and ridieule they have had to bear on account of their work with the little ones, or the trouble which rude Nair lads some- bl times give them in the school. By house-to-house visiting, I con- vinced myself that daily family prayer also takes place in the homes of our Christians, I found a well-used Bible in each house in which people were able to read, and the elders of the church have begun g 3 once or twice a week to visit the houses of those who are unable to Nor i read in order to pray with the members of the household. O have they neglected visiting the sick to comfort them and to pray of with them. Though prices have been very high and many a family d sorely afflicted by cares for their daily bread, nobody murmured of when the church-dues and school-fees had to be paid, and our 9 sl T 66 people were always ready to give when collections for repairs, for of the widow fund, for the poor-fund or the mission were made. Divine services and other means of grace have been well attended. On i the other hand we cannot but mention some very grave defeects. T Quarrelling and brawling are only too frequent,and we are often {h grieved to see the deep rooted enmity and spite which separate some of families. A few ill-chosen words, a rebuke given to the naughty gl child of a neighbour, and especially a complaint made to the mission- th ary, however true it may be, are often sufficient to separate friends and relatives for years. The missionary himself was now and then treated very rudely when he tried to give adviee to people who were th unwilling to take it.” 16 L The station Vaniyankulam had to mourn for the departure th on furlough in "March 1893 of Mr. and Mrs. Walter after fa having been labouring there since 1887. Mr. and Mys. Hole have now taken charge of this work. ¢ fu The native church numbers 13 less than last year, though W 4 souls have been admitted by baptism. The cause is, that J0 the number of those who left the station was greater by 18 th than the number of those that came from other places. My. Hole writes:— “If we were able to find work for our Christians, the church would grow, but as it is, many have to go elsewhere to get their livelihood. Iy When our people were called upon to give their mite to assist our 1 Society in clearing off their debt, a Catechist gave Rs. 5, others Rs. 3 each, a day-labourer who earns 8 Annas a day gave 8 Annas, another a poor fellow, offered even one Rupee. When “A woman gave us trouble by her thievish propensities. neither rebuke nor kind entreaties could move her to confess her sin, i the Lord found other means; her new-born babe fell ill. When the illness became alarming, the missionary was called, who united with the other people, entreating tbe Lord for the child. After prayer the woman came and confessed her sin with tears and asked for- : giveness.” 6 o d { for At Palghat the chief event of the yéar was the building 1ne of the new Tile-Works where those may now find work, who On after joinipg the Christian church have no means of support. fs Thus a long felt want has been supplied, and consequently fen the number of church-members has increased by 55. Seventeen mé of these have been admitted from among the heathen. We are bty glad to give some extracts from Mr. Kiihnle’s report about on the new-comers :— 1 1611 % According to our experience”, he says, it is not sufficient that 16 the people have acquired a rudimentary knowledge of the Christian religion, such as the Apostles’ creed, the ten Commandments and the Lord’s prayer, it is only after they have shown by their lives that 16 they are serious in their desire to become Christians, that we under- oL take to baptize them. ole “A glance at the 17 newly baptized Christians, at the wonder- ful ways the Lord led them before their conversion, as well as his il work in their hearts before and after baptism, fills our hearts with a8 joy and gratitude, and gives us courage to continue our work with 18 those still under instruction. [ “Ahy one who has seen our old Kandan, his three adult sons, and their two little sisters, must have been convineced Found at Last.’ Id that these people are sincere in their desire fo d become Christians. We will let him tell the story of his own life. ur ‘T lived in Kotai, 7 or 8 miles from Palghat, had a fine com- pound, some paddy-fields, which were my property, and other land, ol which I had on lease. Three sons grew up around me without being obliged to work with the hoe. We had frequent intercourse with the Christian schoolmaster Joshua Narakaden, who used to talk el to us about Christianity, taught one of my sons reading and writing, I I became convineced of the ho and altogether was ‘very kind to us. truth of Christianity, and my sons were fond of listening to the ih ) words of the teacher, but there was no eonversion. In consequence of bad harvests and other misfortunes I first lost the leasehold I lands, after that I had to mortgage my own lands, in short, our 9* el 68 circumstances declined so much that I was ashamed to remain at ad (01 Kotai any longer That was the time when I ought to have become a Christian, but I didn’t I made another effort and took some lands 10 kn on lease at Perumba But fortune would not smile on me By two scanty harvests I lost everything. A few pieces of furniture, a sh plough, a yoke, a hoe and a few other trifles are my whole property ! Now I am come to ask if you will receive me if I come with my children My three sons have not worked hard as yet; but now €1 they are ready to work with hoe and spade, only not at Perumba or l Kotai; that would be too great a disgrace for them Here they The old man made 10 will do anything that will be required of them a very favourable impression on me I told him that we were o ready to receive him with his family, but that we could not support them If, however, his sons were faithful and industrious, they h should not want work and good wages But the chief thing was that they turned to the living God and became true Christians In I October 1892 the hale old man with his children entered the b Melparambu house It was a pleasure to see the sons busily engaged I in digging the ground at the Tile-Works During baptismal instruetion it was delightful to observe the attention of the new- comers The first few days the old man would repeat every sentence of the instruction with a loud voice, and his answers showed much intelligence He asked for a small house and a little ::; plot of ground in order to have something to do while his sons were working in the Tile-Works, being too old to work as a cooly himself When he got it, he cultivated and prepared his small plot of ground so carefully and made it look so pretty, that everybody was pleased with it.—After about a year’s instruction he was told that he would be admitted to baptism. When he heard it, he could scarcely utter a word for joy. His new name is Adbrakam, and he is truly a man of faith and blessed of the Lord. “I would also mention poor blind Elizabeth She is a girl of 22 years of age Grown up among the heathen, she was seduced to a life of sin and in consequence of that lost her eye-sight a few years ago After several years passed in misery, she came to Palghat, found her way to us and entreated to be admitted Her 69 — n ot admission was a difficult task, as we had to support her, but how (me could we send her back to heathenism. We admitted her and have nds not repented it. After a short time she acquired quite a stock of two knowledge and has learned the Bible-stories almost by heart.—Now k,a. she is a happy Christian and is trying to make herself useful by 1y pounding rice and in other ways.” my Myr. Boas, who came to Palghat for the purpose of 10W erecting the Tile-Works, reports about a young man of the ) OF toddy-drawer caste, who came in August last in order to hey join the Christians:— ade ore «His name”, he says, “was Chamie. He had often before listened to the preaching of the gospel. Two days after his arrival, some of o1t his male relatives, who live near our compound, came in order to 16y I read to them Matth. XXVIII, 18 to 20 yas persuade him to return. and said to them : ‘I cannot go against the order of God; if Chamie In he wishes to go away again of his own accord, I shall not prevent him, but I am not going to send him away.’ I said the same to Chamie, od reminding him at the same time, that the salvation of his soul 1l He answered: ‘I have come to be saved, W depended on his decision. and shall remain here!’ Two days afterwards his relatives came, )ry When they saw that persuasion and )15 accompanied by his mother. even tears were of no avail in changing his mind, his mother at last fle recommended him to my special protection.” 16 Chamie was afterwards baptized and received the name If Timothy. His mother now and then comes to see him, but nd ed has no desire now to turn him away from Christianity. 1d Another convert is Krishnan Menon, son of Rama Menon, Nayer, of Athatantara house in the neighbourhood of Alava- of kodu. We give an extract of Mr. Kiihule's report respecting Him:— of “Being a sickly child who was often prevented by sickness, sore ) eyes, and other ailments from studying, Krishnan took to gymnasties and entered a company of gymnasties and A Strait Gate. of musicians, with whom he travelled about the 70 PABL L R hie country, taking part in their theatrical exhibitions. After some time, however, his parents sent him to school again. Though the e W students were more inclined to indulge in various youthful tricks and pranks than to study, he succeeded in passing his examination he n as a primary schoolmaster and got an appointment as Malayalam teacher at Putiangadi. il While working there he heard Mr. Wagner preach and was so much impressed with what he heard, that [ he introduced himself to the preacher, and on his invitation ac- companied him to Codaecal. What he heard and saw there, among g b other things, saying grace before meals, made a deep impression on his mind, and from that day an inward struggle began which lasted 0 for many years. His conviction of the truth of Christianity became stronger and sironger, especially during the year 1881, while he was working in Madras and had the privilege of enjoying the fellow- {s ship of the Madras Christians. f At last, in 1893, an acquaintance of his, the overseer of the Palghat Tile-Works, urged him so strongly to come to a decision, that he resolved to give up everything in order y] | to gain Christ. After having received baptismal instruetion for a time from Mr. Kiihnle he went to his home in July 1893 in order %lj to let his wife, who was still living with her parents, share his happi- ness. But his relations got hold of him, abused him, declared him insane, tied his hands and feet, and had his whole body shaved, washed, anointed and got him, as they thought, purified by ‘5 mantras.—By the advice of the family Brahman, the thousand-vessel- bath was tried on him. In immense copper-vessels, on the fire of the sacred milkwood, water was heated, and four people were engaged in pouring it over his head. The weather was very cold, and after 40 or 50 potfuls had been poured down on him, he began to feel a kind of torpidity and begged the people to desist; but they went quietly on till he was quite stiff, when at last his wife drove them away. . By this bath he became so ill with fever, that he After he lost all his strength and lay very ill for several days. had got a little better, he was to be purified by the five produets of the cow (milk, curds, ghee, urine and dung), and he was to be sent on a pilgrimage to sacred places and temples, such as Ramesh- vara, Gokarna, ete. But before that, all the misery and disgrace erd 1 3016 he would bring on himself and his family by his turning Christian the were painted to him once more in the most dreadful colours. He Icks was reminded of the fate of many of his acquaintances who had become Christians and had now to drag out their existence as outcasts, tion lam in mean situations, as servants of the missionaries, whereas they jner might have lived among their own people in comfort and general esteem. How could he be so blind to his own advantages? But that ac when he answered, that he was seeking the highest honour and ong good—eternal bliss by faith in Christ, they grew angry and left him, inducing his brothers to persuade him to remounce all claims 100 ated to the family property, which in his weakness he did.— With many Ji tears and bitter, grief he took leave of his wife and returned to Palghat, where he was carefully tended and nursed in a Christian he OW family and further instructed in the faith. After an attempt to ) of fetch his wife, who had sent him word that she was willing to join him, had proved a failure, he was baptized on the 19th November to Jor with 13 other candidates for baptism and received the name Albert. For a long time he could get no news of his wife, and he began to despair of her conversion, especially when he heard that she was to o1 be married to another man. But when the wedding day came and p ol the whole family had assembled for the grand wedding-feast, she hid herself in the garden. After a long search she was found and dy by dragged from her hiding-place; but she declared, that she would rather die than marry another man while her lawful husband lived. ] Being afraid that she might commit suicide, her tormentors desisted e od from their plan and separated. Some time afterwards, on the 4th January last, she succeeded in escaping and joining her husband, to or whom she had been sp faithful. We would especially solicit the oy prayers of our friends in their behalf that the Lord would help them to walk steadfastly in the narrow way whereon they have entered.” 0 10 Regarding the progress of Christian life in the church 4 Myr. Kiihnle writes:— S “That we are not working in vain we can plainly see when we 0 stand at the side of the beds of the sick and dying. ‘When one is permitted to see, as I have been, how a Christian woman, though in 72 —— the greatest pain, is comforting her loved ones, and dying tells them In to turn to their Saviour, or how a mother, though with burning tears, fh commits her darling to the Saviour and is comforted by the hope of gt beholding him again: the spirit that would complain, ‘I have laboured in vain and have spent my strength for nought’ must be i | b silenced.” 0 Christian Schools. We have already mentioned the Theo- logical Seminary at Nettur, Tellicherry. Besides that, there are the Christian High'School with a boarding house, a Training School for Christian Schoolmasters at Nettur, a Girls’ Orphanage and boarding school with secondary classes. at Chombala, and nine Parochial schools for boys and girls at Cannanore, B e g e e IR 1 S R e W 1 e W — Chowa, Chombala (combined with the orphanage), Calicut (one for boys and one for girls), Codacal, Paraperi (combined with the boy’s orphanage), Palat near Codacal, and Palghat. The school at Cannanore and the Calicut girls’ school are middle schools, the rest primary. The Anglo-vernacular schools for non-Christians, which will be mentioned further on, are also attended by Christian children; altogether 111 Christian boys and 65 girls attend middle or high schools, 413 boys and 332 girls primary schools. Of the Christian High School at Nettur, Tellicherry, Mr. Rehm writes :— “It has been our anxious desire to implant religion in the hearts of the pupils. Every opportunity has been improved to show them that God created man for eternal bliss, and that he is willing to bring man to it through His beloved Son. In the lessons, the morn- ing and evening prayers, and the public services, they have often been told in an impressive manner that they have a Saviour and that they may approach him with every request. Of 17 boys sent up for the Lower Secondary Examination, 14 passed in the compulsory subjects, and 5 of these also in the optional subjects, so that 14 boys could be promoted to the 4th form, a result which the Government 73 — 6 Inspector called excellent. 1n December 1893 five boys went up for IS, the matriculation test, and three of them passed. These results of show that the doubts about the feasibility of our plan of instruction e which is eonsiderably larger than that of non-Christian schools, have he been without foundation. We have been charged with cramming i our boys, but we know, that they have much time for recreation and exercise; nor have any complaints of too many lessons been heard - from the boys themselves. Of the pupils of the 3rd form who in 16 December 1892 passed the lower secondary, three entered the g training school. At the end of the year the number of boys in the g0 high-school department was 18, in the middle school 40 boys and 3, 4 girls, in the primary department 69, 41 of whom are boarders. 6 Six boys left us in the course of the year. The majority of the pupils uf are from Tellicherry, but there was a fair proportion from other o] Malabar stations (Cannanore 15, Chombala 8, Calicut 16, Codacal 1, Palghat 3, Kotageri 2).—The health of the boys has been improved by tiling the floor, instead of having it of earth smeared with cow- dung. The boarding fees due by the relations have all been paid. s 30 Regarding the Girls’ Orphanage at Chombala Mr. Weismann reports :— . /8 b o “The character of the orphanage has considerably changed during the last year and a half. Formerly it was a school for the orphans or half orphans of the Christians of our different stations; but now, in consequence of the many conversions, it has become a place for the education of the children of catechumens or newly baptized widows or widowers, on_}y 30 of our children being born Christians. “To train 50 or 60 semi-savages to cleanliness, order and truth- fulness is no easy task, not to mention other things ; many of the new- comers need to be taught, that the vermin found in their hair and clothes are mot indispensable companions given by God to mankind for their pilgrimage on earth. With many of these children lying and stealing are the most conspicuous accomplishments hitherto acquired during their short life. This is not at all astonishing; for they have been among heathen and rarely of the better families. 10 _7 4 Ll ¢ The teachers too have no end of trouble with these uncultivated de minds who are not accustomed to think. Yet the hard and seem- hi ingly hopeless task which Mrs. Weismann set herself of teaching th six of these grown up girls to read, of whom the schoolmistresses ol h had despaired, has after all been accomplished. They have not only learned to read, but have learned the catechism, and are very proud I of the knowledge which they have acquired. In April last some i thoughtless or unserupulous relations sent us a girl infected with the measles who again infected some 40 or 50 of our girls. Sore eyes f and influenza too gave us a deal of trouble. Yet no child has died, . and none has had a dangerous desease.” The training class which had been arranged by Mr. f Weismann received instruction from himself and the head- master of the school. Mrs. Weismann writes : — ““Among those that have been baptized there is a young woman 17 years of age and her little niece 3 years old, a dear little child whose parents had both died of cholera. Her aunt had compassion | on the child and took her into her house, at which her heartless husband was so displeased that he began to illtreat his wife Chira and her little niece so cruelly that the young woman could no longer bear it and took refuge in the house of some relations. But there also she soon became a burden on account of the child which had to be fed, and soon abuses followed which drove her almost to despair. Then Chira remembered that there are Christians; she had seen some, and what she had heard of them convinced her that mercy which is unknown among the heathen is to be found there. So she came to us and found compassionate hearts, and we trust she has also found Him who said, ‘Him that cometh to me I will in no wise cast out.’ “ Ammuni is a little girl of 7 years, not yet baptized. Her father died several years ago on the Nilgiris. Last year her mother also died. The child found refuge in a heathen One of the waifs of India. family, but getting not enough to eat she would wander about begging, especially on market days and fairs. One day, when she had been at one of the market- > PERHRR S A 75_ E ted ;ia,y gatherings on the Nilg;ris, she followed 'a coster-monger and Il his wife who were returning to Palghat. When she had arrived Without knowing a soul, the poor ing there she was told to clear out. 568 child found herself in a strange town; ho one to take compassion on nly her or to offer her shelter or food. She wandered about and ecame at ud last to the mission compound where she lay down under a tree to pass me the night. When she awoke in the morning she felt the pangs of he hunger and hoped to find a kind soul who would give her something es to eaf. Thus she was found by the missionary lady. She was o, asked where she had come from, and a few hours later the poor orphan had found reception and loving care in the house of a { Christian and afterwards in our orphanage. Seldom will a ehild be found to be as grateful for any kindness shown as she is. Joy and gratitude will light up her face like sunshine as often as she sees any of the persons who have been kind to her.” 3l Id We and the girls are much obliged to Mr. Itkari, the n Christian munsiff, who twice gave them a treat, which they will long remember. 85 'l Industrial Establishments. The Weaving Establishments at 8 Cannanore and Calicut with their branches at Chombala, [0 Tellicherrry and Codacal, as well as the Tile-Works at Calicut, 0 Codacal and, recently, Palghat, are a great help to our churches in Malabar by giving work to such as cannot find it anywhere else, and by training them to habits of industry, order and thrift, also as places of proving doubtful applicants B for baptism. We give a few extracts from the reports that have reached us. Myr. Schimthal of Cannanore writes:— “Hitherto has the Lord helped us. Is it not an evidence of His great merey, that not only the old workmen have found their daily bread in the establishments, but that something remained over for new-comers applying for work, though more than half the applicants had to be refused.—Sinee 1881 food prices have gradually risen 10% ” { 6 . from 30 to 80 per cent. Then our people could buy 10 seers of r.ice (a for the rupee, now they get only 6; a cocoanut which cost 3 pies 2! costs now 8 or 9; we thought it therefore necessary to raise the wages also. But on account of the low exchange value of the rapee and the higher prices for yarn we could not raise them as much as we desired. “We lost four weavers by death. One of them, Jesuman, died of typhoid fever. He died in faith in his Saviour. He had two brothers, who were still going to sechool and ‘whom he supported almost entirely. "What a joy it was to him when his brothers were received into the chureh. 1l For they as well as himself had been born and had grown up as heathen Hindus. Jesuman attended divine i service faithfully and was also regular in attendance at the morning prayers in the factory. Our employés have been faithful helpers. 0 The interest they take in the establishment is very helpful to the superintendent. if “The education of our workmen for their heavenly as well as for their earthly calling has been our anxious desire, and we have found remains to be done.” that many a word spoken has been willingly received. ~But much Mr. Volz of Calicut reports a considerable extension of the factory building under his charge, so that now all the workmen, who formerly had to work in different localities, can be together in the same building, thus greatly facilitating their superintendence. “There are many defects” he writes, “and patience is tried many a time, but still the work is the Lord’s.” B. Evangelisation. Preaching in the bazaars and fairs, itinerant preaching with house-to-house visiting, work among the women, evan- gelisation by schools and by the medical mission have been vigorously carried on during the past year also. The hopes and disappointments of the workers, their trials and joys 77 e - riee can best be learned from the reports, of which we give some igs extracts. the 66 Rev. Cornelius Hutten writes about the state of those who have heard the preaching of the word for a long time:— a8 «A Vakil of the Nair caste residing near the temple of od Taliparambu is ever ready to listen to the gospel with joy, to do all W0 in his power to please the preacher and to Almost liberally buy books and tracts for his children.— od a Christian. 10 He has a high opinion of the utility of the preach- e ing work. He openly vows that this is the best means of teaching ne the ignorant section of the people good manners and godliness. But if we ask him why he does not set an example to others by de- g claring his faith openly and becoming a Christian, he has only one 5 Is not that the most im- he reply, ‘I am in my heart a Christian. portant thing 2’ ”’ My. Peter writes:— I & “Tn the first part of the year we were itinerating in the Cottayam h Taluk. I could well trace the effects of 50 years’ labour among the heathen in Darmadam. The old sinners there f They would not. enumerate with reverence the names of all the missionaries who were working in their time at Tellicherry. 'With fullest approval they speak of Christianity, so But that we might think that they will come to baptism to-morrow. 4 alas, one of them, who had received an English Bible from Mr. ) Reinhardt as a prize for proficiency in biblical knowledge, is now a drunkard with a glowing nose and blunted intellect, another has become rich and full without becoming a Christian and is not over much pleased that his boy is fond of the Christian religion. Others will not break through the trammels of caste-rules and heathen customs, from which after all they hope to derive some mystic power. Of all of them the words are true: ‘they would not’; thus all their fine speeches are only mockery. “At Melur, one of the centres of idolatory, the unbridled wanton- A visit ness of the Nair lads was the most remarkable feature. 78 » at Treprangattan might have even proved fatal to me, if not at the last moment God had sent a hand which turned aside the bough of a tree with which a rabble of Mopla lads after the most few obscene abuses and gestures came to kill me. During the last three 001 months we travelled through the Waynaad. I visited the bungalows of of most of the coffee plantations, where I was hospitably entertained ha by the planters and their families. They propounded many a religious doubt and query, and liberally gave their gifts for our mission. 1s i “A number of Native Christian families also were visited ; an old s man Abbai, servant of a Christian family, was baptized, and lastly we preached at the large fair of Kirur.” ill € " Mr. N. Arukandan reports of a Visit he paid to the three W U8 palaces of the descendants of the old kings of the country in the Beypoor district : — & “They are descendants of the Kshatriyas ; their family and coun- Before sellors belong to the Nambutiri caste. To the ‘great Governors and ‘king’ I was introduced by an acquaintance, a (C Kings. Nambutiri. Another ‘king’ who had come from Trevandrum and who had heard the word of God in his youth said, fo after a long conversation we had had together:—‘Christ is the best teacher, the doctrine of Christ is the best, the Christian doctrines a are not despicable but are worthy of veneration. Though till now i our conversation has only been pastime, don’t take offence, but conti- g nue telling us words of blessing.” = Also in the other two palaces we 0 delivered our message, but the hearers were not prepared to obey 0 the mandate of the Most High. In reviewing the White already to harvest. occurrences of last year’s preaching tours I must say that they give us nothing but cause of rejoic- ing. The field of Malabar is white already to harvest. The strug- gles of those that labour are not in vain, for it is on behalf of truth that they struggle. The old customary questions are rarely asked now Many inquire after Christian experiences. Many read the word of God and are not afraid of openly expressing their eonvictions regarding it.” 79 SR My. Bossiacwdt of G‘oda‘cal reports :— b at the «From March 15th to 28th we were working about Achipara. A n0st few men of the washerman easte promised to come to Codacal to be- ree come Christians. Open hostility was only offered to us in the house lows of a Brahman, where we were driven out of the courtyard before we ined had been able to say anything. 10U « At Katankulam, south-east from Codacal, we worked from May 1st to 23rd among the many Brahmans and Nairs of the neighbour- hood. Many of them had heard the word of God before, received old us joyfully, and gladly listened to our message. A Nair, whom we stly met and who had heard the gospel as far back as the time of Hebick, eagerly asked us about the most important parts of the gospel. Iee ‘While we were talking with him ‘there came another Nair who asked us to ecome to his home. ‘When we followed him he brought a gl gospel and said :—Look here, out of this book I read every day.’ “At another place we were treated in a different manner. 1i A Brahman abused us, and a Shastri began a dispute about the Bible, b maintaining, in spite of all we said to the contrary, that Jesus had committed suicide. As we were preaching in the bazaar of Tanur, om a great number of‘Moplas gathered around us and listened quietly id for about an hour. Then some began to mock and to throw stones, g when an old Mussulman rose and shouted :—‘Friends, don’t mock 65 and offend these men. Years ago, similar men came and preached We mocked them, but they had scarcely )W the message of Christ. fl gone a quarter of an hour, when our bazaar began to burn and was ve consumed to the last house! The mocking stopped at once, and we could again deliver our message. e In the house i “At Dalakotatur many are ready to turn to Christ. 56 where we had put up, the mistress of the house is a God-fearing woman ; she encouraged her family to become Christians, and, as far At C. two families 4 as we could see, most of them are ready. promised to become Christians, likewise two men, whom we met on d the way. At a certain house a woman, when she heard that her son 0 was going to become a Christian, exclaimed exeitedly, ‘Then I shall kill myself! but if you will take myself and my sister also, we shall 15 19 ° gladly become Christians 80 —_— I Mry. Hole of Vaniyankulam writes:— et “The work of evangelisation in these parts is chiefly performed by by house-to-house preaching, which during the rainy season is hay carried on from the station itself and in the hot season from different centres. Chr are “The weekly fair at Vaniyankulam, and other fairs at Ottapalam, Cherupalcherry, Angadipuram ete., and several heathen festivals are Sel have been visited. The reéeption is on the whole good, unkind or hostile treatment is exceptional. At the weekly fair in Vaniyankulam Ao opposition preachers used to stand up now and then, quite‘ a new (o phenomenon for us. Some hostile Hindus, as we hear, employ them i and give them their salary. For a#ime, however, the salary was not paid regularly, when they stayed away. Recently they have made a new start.”’ Bible-women. al Mrs. Frohwmeyer of Tellicherry writes:— il “On account of sickness and absence from home I was, duaring for the greater part of the year, unable to accompany the Bible-women an on their visits to the women, towards the end of the year, however, I could do it again. Our Bible-women have been working on faithfully and lovingly during the year past. When I accompany 1t them I always get the impression that they are cheerfully welcomed 8a as faithful friends of the house even by higher caste people.” I\ Evangelisation by Schools. Malabar has always been in advance of other districts in this branch of mission work. Though at present many earnest Christians and friends of I the cause are of opinion that schools for non-Christians, higher grade schools especially, are scarcely to be numbered among evangelising agencies, experience shows, that many converts, 0 chiefly those who have studied the subject and have been brought to Christ by their conviction of the superiority of the Christian religion, received their first impressions in some mission school or other. It was only a few days ago that in a conversation we had with a native pastor, who is not engaged i:: 81 e e in school-work, he gave us a number of instances of young men, himself one of the number, who were brought to Christ med 1 18 by the instruction they received in mission schools, and who rent have up to this day been faithful adherents and workers in Christ’s cause. “Those”, he said ¢“who disparage mission schools are sadly mistaken.” 1572 non-Christian boys and 138 girls am, Tals are receiving Christian instruction in 8 Anglo-Vernacular L or Schools at Tellicherry (Parsi High School), Mahé (Franco- lam Anglo-Vernacular School), Payoli, Calicut (High School), 16T Coilandy, Ponani, Vaniyankulam and Palghat, and in sev*epteen 16 primary schools for boys and two for girls. 106 Myr. Bader reports of the Parsi High School at Tellicherry:— ade “Quar school has had a better year than the last. 240 names are on the rolls. The Bible-lessons have been given in Malayalam. The standards II. to IV. read Bible-stories prepared for the purposes g forms I. to VI. read Genesis, the Gospels of St. Luke, Matthew, Mark, and John respectively; besides that, they have committed to memory o1 ery a considerable number of appropriate Bible-texts. on “Tn formsV.and VI.I had on the whole attentive listeners, so that it often was real pleasure to me to expound to them the way of 1y o salvation and to introduce them to the word of God. The form IV, the most numerous one, at first gave me a great deal of trouble. But gradually a different spirit came 1l The power of the Gospel. upon the pupils, and most of them began to take a lively interest in the subject. IKspecially in the of last lessons, when I spoke of the sufferings of Christ, even those L pupils who had formerly been inattentive and indifferent were all 5 attention; there was no more of that staring into vacancy, no more /) of that tendency to dismiss the subject of divine truth, no more of that obstinate and contradictory spirit which shuts the ear purposely against truth because it is inconvenient: the pupils were captivated by the beauty of Him on the cross, who gave His life-blood for us; there was a secret, but yet perceptible trembling of souls at the holiness and justice of God manifested in the death of t‘ng just one, » 11 82 Sl a spontaneous surrender of hearts to Him who said, ‘i, if T be lifted up from the earth will draw all men unto me.’ May the erucified 1681 Saviour preserve those impressions and grant an abundant harvest guls from the seed sown often in tears.” pe.te In the primary school at the Fishermen’s village, Telli- mid cherry, the attendance is rather irregular, but unavoidably Joh s0; yet the school is not without fruit. alr In the girls’ school for Konkani girls in the town of loy Tellicherry the difficulties of language are great, but still the school gives us a great deal of joy. of e Of the Mahé Franco-Anglo-Vernacular School My. Weismmn 1§ reports :— “This school has 54 pupils in four classes, carried on in three 1§ languages. The new educational rules of the French government caused us much anxiety and misgivings as to whether it would be per possible to carry on our school under the new rules. But the list Director of Public Instruction assured me that we: should have nothing to fear; the French government had no cause to be dissatis- it fied with us.” 10; Of the Calicut High School Mr. Stmbel,\grites:—— “The attendance has risen from 275 to 300 the finances too are chy in a good state, the school being nearly self-supporting. The be- Te haviour of the boys has not always been satisfactory, in the 2nd aly form especially there was a deplorable want of attention to the Bible lessons. sh But there are noteworthy exceptions. headmaster is a great help to us.” The Christian 10 €1 Mr. Lauffer of Calicut reports:— cl “In the Chalapuram Girls’ School Bible-stories and Bible-texts are learned with pleasure. 1g “The Korapuram boys’ school ,hvas rather suffered by the want Wi of a good master, the present one is however takipg pains to raise its standagd. ( et 83 lifted “In the Coilandy Victoria Jubilee Anglo-Vernacular School the cified results of the examination have been unsatisfactory, owing to irre- 1768} gularity of attendance, change of masters, partly also to their incom- petency In Bible-subjects the results of the examination were middling in the historical parts, less so in the doctrinal portion of el John and the Aects But the pupils are fond of the Bible-lessons lably Of the Anglo-Vernacular School at Ponani, Codacal, we have already reported that one of its masters has become a fol- n of lower of Christ In consequence of this event the existence | the of the school was for a time put in jeopardy; but the excite- ment has since subsided, and the school is prospermg There i is only one non-Christian master employed in that school now. Of the schools round the centre of Vaniyankulam Mr. Hole hree reports:— nent «“The pupils are fond of the Bible-lessons It is a joy to me to dbe perceive the pleasure and attention with which the divine truths are the listened to 1076 My. Uber of Palghat feels the want of a Christian head- s master for his Anglo-vernacular school; the present one, a non-Christian, though not hostile, is religiously indifferent Sunday Schools Of the Sunday schools for non-Christian are children which had been opened last year at Cannanore, he Tellicherry and Chombala, those at Cannanore and Chombala nd are still prospering. The eight Sunday schools at Chombala ibl show a creditable increase of attendance Altogether 203 140 on-Christian boys and 24 girls were on the rolls at the end of the year The Sunday schools intended for Christian children numbered 209 boys and 223 girls on Dec. 31st last |LfS Medical Mission Our readers will be pleased to have a report of our medical missionary, the Rev. E. Liebendorfer, u.D., who writes:— anb “Medical Evangelists:—In Calicut, Joseph Manamparamby ; at 156 Codacal, Jonas Isaiah - s . “In praise of oﬁr Lord we are able to say that our work has been hoo progressing favourably. Through the kind assistance of many of whe our friends in Calicut we had the pleasure, in June last, of opening ! a new branch hospital at Codacal near Tirur. Here the work of ) evangelisation had been greatly blessed by the Lord, so that several hundred of converts from the neighbourhood were baptized during har the year. The nearest hospitals being seven miles away, it was 801 very desirable to do something for the people in and around that th station. Nearly 6000 patients have been treated there in the W course of six months, which clearly shows that the hospital has 1 It is in been very useful both to Christians and to non-Christians. los charge of a dresser and is visited by myself at least once every month. the “In Calicat we have had the largest number of patients since fh the commencement of our work, 7. e. 142 in-patients (with aec- commodation for 10 to 12 patients) and above 22,000 consultations. Six persons died during the jyear. One little dropsical girl of 11 years, without any relations in this world, anxiously desired to be baptized on her approaching death, as without this sign the Lord Jesus would neither recognise her, nor receive her into his eternal glory. Nearly all the other deaths were due to snake-bites, of which we had about 36 cases in the course of the year. The great majority of them, I am glad to say, recovered, partly because strych- nine injections proved in several cases an effective remedy. The fatal cases were brought to the hospital in a comatose condition, { sometimes more than 12 hours after the accident had happened, § when it was beyond human skill to save their lives. The people imagine that after a fatal snake-bite life simply hides itself in a certain corner of the brain, and refusing to believe in death, take the corpse away to the astrologer or sorcerer, who performs certain mantrams, to restore life, but of course in vain. “In October last our Calicut hospital had the honor of a visit from His Excellency Lord Wenlock during his tour through Malabar; H. E. seemed greatly interested in our work and spent some time going round the wards and asking several questions to the patients. It was very pleasing to see that the people living in the neighbour- .+ 8b o been hood of the hospital voluntarily decorated it on the oceasion. Some- ny of what later H. H. the Zamorin of Calicut gave the in-patients a treat eping in honor of his crossing the Kallai river, which was very much k of appreciated by them, and they remembered H. H. in their prayers. veral “Many have been the patients that have passed through our uring hands; some have gone home to take up their former employments, Vas some, I am glad to say, have decided to remain with us, setting that their faces towards the light, and all of them have been told thes | the wonderful tidings of our Lord Jesus Christ. May our efforts be not has in vain, but tend to glorify God in the hearts of His sick and help- 810 less creatures, whom He has put in our way, that we may show Very them the spirit of the love which He has given us. “We gladly seize this opportunity to thank all our friends for ince the kind support and assistance they have given us last year.” ac 018, NCN PN | of i | to ord V. The Nilgis. mal of ] Area 957 square miles, Population 99,801 reat Two Stations. joh The Canarese and Badaga are the languages chiefly used by jon, the missionaries and catechists. Tamil is taught in the schools. 1ed, )p]e A. The Native Church. na ke The past year has béen one of great trials both to our Al Christians and to the missionaries on these hills. The oppo- sition and hostility of the Badagas repeatedly broke out o, into violence and persecution, especially near Kaity; several Ly of our Christians have had to suffer loss of property and even ne of wife and children, others have been severely beaten and 1t} ur otherwise ill-treated; but praise be to God, with one or two 86 - exceptions, they have stood the fiery trial and have come out bAl We think we cannot do better ou stronger in faith and love. than give copious extracts from the reports of the missionaries. enf deb Mr. Liitze of Kaity writes:— law the “On the 12th February five persons were received into the church by baptism, an old woman, a married young man with his Jabe, and two lads of about 17 and 15 years. The conversion of He the young man and of the younger of the two lads were attended T with great trials. Madya, the grandson of our of Through much venerable Assistant Catechist Isaiah, was about Tribulation. 15 years of age. He had been educated in our hin sehool, and his grandfather was very anxious that this boy, of whom he ay was very fond, should not follow the bad example of his father Kalla, 0 who is a violent enemy of Christ and the Christians. He did his ot best to instruet and encourage him, and when the boy declared his it willingness to become a Christian, his grandfather accompanied him he to Kaity and rescued him, when at night the boy’s father broke into Ch the room of the boarding school, where Madya and his grandfather afg had put up. Hoping that Kalla would gradually come round ha and permit his son to follow his heart’s desire, the grandfather retired with him to anether village some ten miles off. But mean- pr while, Kalla broke into his father’s house and took possession of it, af driving out his step-mother with her young children; he did the same to his brother Daniel in his absence, so that the two Christian families had to seek refuge at Shantur, a Christian hamlet near Kaity- When Daniel asked the help of the police, the police took Kalla’s de side, who declared that the house was his own and refused to allow af Daniel to remove the lock which Kalla had put to his house. Kalla g brought a suit for kidnapping against his father in the Mamletdar’s court at Wellington. When Isaiah returned from Hulikal he was a! He summoned to Wellington to defend himself against this charge. 0 was acquitted, but had to give up his grandson Madya to his father. €0 For the time Madya had to go home with his father. But after a h short while he returned to Kaity, declaring that he would become i a Ohristian and would not go back to the heathen. When his father ! 87 B 3 0t saw that neither drugs mnor sorcery, neither. force mor persuasion would detain his son from becoming a Christian, he yielded to the etter T16s. entreaties of Isaiah, on condition that the latter should pay the debt of Rs. 40 which Kalla had incurred on account of the lawsuit. Isaiah paid the sum, and Madya was baptized and received the name Immanuel. the h his «Still greater were the difficulties of Mada, a nephew of Isaiah. on of He had a wife and a little child of one month. The wife had pro- nded mised to join him. But on his return from church Tender Mercies our the first Sunday, he found the door of his house of the Badagas. locked, and his wife did not dare to open it for hout | our him Next day his father-in-law came, and took her and her child 1 he away to Adhikarhatti. His whole house was pillaged, and property lla, to the value of several hundred rupees was taken away; even his | his potato field was dug up by his father-in-law. Shorily afterwards Mada’s wife returned and was about to fulfil the promise she had made bis him her husband before his conversion that she also would become a Christian. But next day her brother took her away by force, and nfo ther after a few days she was sold to another husband. Only the little babe was left to Mada. and “The bereaved husband then tried to get back his wife and his her 31 property by the help of the law, and Mr. Liitze himself was present at the original process in the Cutcherry of the Mahomedan Police {1f, the Inspector at Coomnoor. But the Inspector treated Justice of the Christian witnesses with marked rudeness 1an a Police Court. Their and would not listen to their evidence. ity 45 depositions were sometimes taken down contrary to what was affirmed, in spite of Mr. Liitze’s protest, while the witnesses of the oW Mada’s wife was lla opposite party were fally heard and recorded. constantly surrounded by heathen Badagas, and when her husband 1R 85 asked her whether she had left him of her own free will or by compulsion, whether she would return to him and her child, she He could only reply as she was told by the Badagas who surrounded 6L her From the end of February to the end of May the decision was & delayed. Meanwhile Mada was baptized and received the name i Mark. 16! At last the police declared that the defendant had commit- Lt 88 ted no unlawful action; and the case was dismissed. Poor Mark was dist dow deeply grieved by the loss of his wife and his property; chiefly on account of his little babe, which was pining away. The tempter per Sore temptatiou. approached him and tried to shake his faith. Heathen neighbours and relations promised him da‘y 101§ their assistance to get back his wife and property, on condition that e he returned to caste; Kalla especially pledged himself to that end. Jas Mark hesitated and wavered; but, in spite of the exhortations and cautions of the brethren, he could not resist the temptations long. He stayed away from divine service, and when Kalla carried off ha Wi Mark’s wife by foree from the neighbouring village and brought her back to him, when most of the plundered property also came back, he gave way. 0 Though he promised the missionary to return after some time, he was re-admitted into caste. Will he ever get free e again ?” | About the beginning of 1893, several young men of Kere- 0 hada, a mile and a half south-west of Kaity, came repeatedly th to My. Liitze, mostly at night, to express e Seed fallen on ) Stony Ground. their willingness to become Christians. They were Kalla (the above mentioned son of J Isaiah), Karcha, the son, and Konga, the nephew of the head- i il man of the village. They broke caste and openly spoke against idolatry and heathenism. Everything seemed to pro- i mise well; still Mr. Liitze could not help feeling some mis- givings about the matter. After some time Karcha and Konga asked him to lend them some money to clear off their debts, which prevented their joining the Christians. My. Liitze had his suspicions, but Joseph, Kalla’s cousin, said it would be wrong to hinder the victory of the gospel; he borrowed the money himself and lent it to the young men, getting a bond from them for the same. Then the three young men came g to the mission-house at Kaity and openly joined the Christians. It was on Thursday before Easter the 30th of March. The news spread like wild fire, and from the villages round to a 89 e : was distance of 15 miles people were flocking into Kaity, sitting y on down inside and outside the mission-compound and trying to For ten pter persuade the three young men to return to caste. aith days the entreaties and tears of their female, and the pro- him mises and entreaties of their male relations continued, and re- that end peated endeavours were made to carry them off by force. At last the young men could stand it no longer. On the 7th and Karcha and Konga stole away, and four days ong Because they afterwards Kalle followed them. By the in- ! off had no root they withered away. trigues of the headman they were after a month her ack, re-admitted into caste, and Kalla even suc- ceeded in enticing back his son Madya (Immanuel). The poor fter free boy is now a drunkard and totally ruined. «It is better to be ruined body and soul than to be a Christian,” that is the opinion held and expressed by many of the heathen. But 16 the heathen Badagas, especially the headman of the village, dly were not satisfied with these successes. He induced the back- 888 sliders to deny the receipt of the money lent to them by hey of Joseph and to force him to return the bonds. Joseph was threatened by them with a cudgelling and with death if he ad did not return the bonds. Moved by fear he at last returned ke 10 them. But his tormentors were not satisfied; they refused acceptance of the bonds. Twice Kalla lay 18 The Last state worse than the in wait for good-natured Joseph near the I First. door of the latter, dragged him to a safe ts, place and beat him mercilessly, and Karcha ad lodged a complaint against Joseph, accusing him of frau- he he dulently eliciting a‘bond from him without paying him the money. He brought false witnesses, who swore to the nd Twice the matter was in court, truth of the complaint. 16 where Mpy. Liitze and Isaiah had to appear as witnesses. 15 But the case was decided in favour of Joseph.—Cheerfully he Joseph and Isaiah returned that day from Coenoor to Kere- 12 90 — hada On the way they found Z%fus of Chogatorre and invited villa him to spend the night with them So the three men wended kan the way home, followed at a small distance by Isaiak’ fron daughter and his brother-in-law Just after they had crossed plec a deep nullah with banks 25 feet high, Karcha, armed with Jon a cudgel, rushed from behind a rock and knocked the three Chr men down Kalla, Konga and Mark also came forth from for their hiding place, while the headman of the village with his of servants was seen standing at a little distance encouraging Wi the assailants But as Isaial’s daughter and his brother-in- the law called for help, they had to retire Joseph and Titus were an so injured, that they were unable to work for a whole month for Isaiah’s arm had to be bandaged When the assault was S1C inquired into by the police, the assailants turned round and fi brought a complaint against their victims, whom they represent- b ed to have been the aggressors, and sued for Rs. 2000 damages ha\ This time, however, they were convicted and punished. Daniel f0 also, the brother of Kalla, who had so greatly rejoiced at his ha brother’s joining the Christians, had to suffer from Kalla's f spite He drove him, his sick wife and his children out of W their own house and locked it After they had got it back ( he reaped Damniel’s barley crop and filled his veranda with the straw A few days afterwards the house partially burned f down In consequence of this, Daniel’s wife’s illness was so h aggravated that she died after long suffering { If the trials which the Christians at Kerehada had to undergo were hard, those of the two Christian families at Chogatorre, near Nerkambe, south-east of Kaity, were equally Hated for heavy. The two families of Titus and of | Christ’s sake Benjamin, uncle and nephew, live together in a Joint house at Chogatorre, some 30 or 40 paces behind the row of Badaga houses, and situated on their own land. Lakshma, a rich and influential inhabitant of the 91 e mited village, instigated by some apostate members of the Ner- nded kambe church, set himself to drive the two families away iah from their land and house. He began by seizing upon a yssed piece of ground belonging to an orphan, a minor, and ad- Wi th joining that of the Christians, and fenced it, so that the hree Christians were prevented from leaving their house, though from for many years they had had the right of way on the edge ) his of that property, and that right had been confirmed before gig witnesses by the father of the orphan before his death. As I-10: the Christians were thus prevented from coming to church ere and even from going to the nullah to fetch water, they were nth for a time in great distress, which was aggravated by the Was sickness of Benjamin and by a malignant kind of chicken-pox from which the children suffered. Nobody dared to assist and ent them by bringing them water, not even at night, for Lakshma. 8. had set a watch, and as most of the villagers were indebted el to him, they were’ all afraid of him. If God in His mercy s had not had compassion on the poor sufferers and had sent a I s few heavy showers at an unusual season, their sufferings of would have become unbearable. My. Liitze applied to the ok, Collector, who came himself to the spot; but even the Collector ith was defied by Lakshma, and he could only advise the Christians 1ed to go to the Civil court in order to get redress. That remedy however was too expensive for them, and they knew besides §0 that nobody would dare to give evidence in their favour. to When Mr. Liitze and another missionary, one day in May, wanted to visit the two hardly bestead families in order to ) comfort them and to pray with them, they could only do so by breaking through‘the fence L. had made, for which they il were afterwards summoned before the Magistrate to defend 1) themselves against the charge of criminal trespass and assault! Though by the help of the Native Magistrate a 11 16 way has been opened for the Christians by which they can 12% 92 Lms The b get away from their houses now, they are still in trouble especially about their water-supply The old mother of 7%tus and | when fetching water one day, was thrown to the ground and whick illtreated by L.’s wife, and the children of the Christians were givin, shot at, the ball however glanced from a rock and fell harm- fo ve less in their midst Only recertly Lakshma sent a message to the Christians, threatening that within two months he would X0l Join force them to leave their house and property The object of app these persecutors is to drive the Christians away from their har villages and to prevent their being a light to their countrymen and we | thus preparing the way to the gospel. fami My. Sikemeier of Kotageri reports.-— A “On the 23rd July the Badaga family to whose conversion we alluded in last year’s report, was received into the church by baptism. Ser Two or three weeks afterwards the wife was removed from the an church militant to the church triumphant She was buried in a 4g decent Christian fashion which made a great impression on the attending heathen Badagas, whose custom is to drive away the 0n bitterness of death with the help of dancing and drinking brandy Many of them said the day after, it would be well if they had a similar way of burying instead of dancing and music A few weeks later, on the 1st September, a Badaga youth of Avena, the village of the deceased, joined the Christians His Conversions at Kotageri parents, who have been impressed with the truth Je of Christianity for years did not show much W resistance but this roused the wrath of the relatives, who now, O Joined by his parents, came day after day to importune the lad and I to induce him to return to Hinduism Four days afterwards they b succeeded, and he asked our permission to return Our grief at this fi defection was not over when, on the 4th, another young man from a §) neighbouring village joined us He had to undergo the same trials but remained firm When on the 10th his relatives had again, though in vain, tried to induce him to return, and had departed, the first mentioned young man also returned to remain with us for good 93 R ouble, rI."he best part of the thing was that his father himself brought him It was just time to go to church, to Titus, and permitted him to remain. d and which the father also accompanied us. What a day of thanks- Were giving! The two young men are now diligently engaged in learning to read and getting baptismal instruction. harm- «These conversions caused much excitement in our station. The AN rould excitement is always highest at the time of the convert’s openly joining the Christians, and is sometimes so great that the Badagas ot of appear to be intent on demolishing the mission-house; at times we their 0 il have to oppose a tumultuous crowd, as when, a short time ago, we had to rescue a boy of eleven years who belonged to a converted family, from the furious mob that was carrying him away. “A wedding lately celebrated between the son of our presbyter and the daughter of the matron of our girls’ orphanage also de- ) W tism, serves mention, because it has helped to break down caste prejudices the among our Christians, the bridegroom being a Baqaga and his bride a girl from the coast.” n 4 the Whitsunday was a day of rejoicing for our Christians the on these hills. As many as were able to come even from ndy distant Kotageri gathered at Kaity for a q A Mission mission aniversary. In the morning Salathiel Anniversary. ks Soens was consecrated as a Catechist by age Rev. My. Hoch, and in the afternoon Messrs. Liitze, Sikemeter, fis Jacob Kanake and Isaiah Konga, Messrs. Lewis and Rice, uth who had come from Ootacamund, and Mr. Frohwmeyer from uch Coonoor gave addresses. It was cheering for the native 0y ind brethren of Kaity and the neighbourhood, who were just then harassed by the persecutions of their heathen countrymen, to 167 his find that there is a communion of saints, and that many ) & sympathised with them in their troubles. s Christian Schools. The education of the children of our 10y Christian community has hitherto been provided for by the he d boys’ orphanage’ and training school at Kaity, the girls’ 94 S e & orphanage at Kotageri, both combined with day-schools, and ] a primary school at Hulikal; those children that wanted a higher education, and those especially who were desirous of { becoming catechists, had no choice, but to go to Tellicherry full or Mangalore. As it was found that a lengthened stay on the coast was not without danger for the young hill-men, it was resolved with the consent of the home-committee to establish a Catechist Seminary on a small scale at Kaity. ha ¢ asto The approval has been given and this seminary will be opened during 1894, CaI1 cast The Orphanage at Kaity, on the 31st December last, had 33 inmates, including 4 normal students and 4 non-Christians, adn besides 13 Christian and 25 non-Christian day-scholars. Of of ¢ the five candidates four passed the upper primary examination; 2 normal ‘students passed the 5th standard examination; 3 e a the written teaehers’ test and 3 the practical test. On the a first Tuesday of every month, all the schoolmasters gather at bro Kaity for a monthly class of instruction under Mpr. Liitze. hes A similar yearly gathering took place in July 3rd to Sth. vel In a similar way the-catechists have their monthly and yearly lik meetings for the purpose of keeping up and continuing their the studies. 3 (; The Girls’ Orphanage at Kotageri, on the 3lst December last, numbered 17 girls and 3 little boys, of whom 5 girls and 0n 3 boys are too small as yet to go to school; besides these, 42 day-scholars attend the school. tig Five girls were confirmed W and received into the church as full members. Among the 01 new-comers are 4 children of a new convert, from 2 to 10 years old. Their father very reluctantly committed his chil- 10 dren to the orphanage, but after the death of his wife had no other choice, and when he saw that his children were happy i and thriving in the orphanage, he became reconciled to the I 1nevitable, . 95 Chemmaeso , and ted & Mrs. Sikemeier reports:— * us of “A heathen Kota brought us a girl, Rangi, clothed in rags and herry full of itch. She is the child of a beggar, and after her mother’s 1y 0 death was left by her father to beg her bread at A lost one en, it rescued. the doors of the Kotas. When I asked the Kota, 08 {0 why he did not take the child into his own house, A1ty he said, he could not do it, as she was of too low a caste. I was astonished to hear that there can be a caste still lower than the ened carrion-eating Kotas. The girl belonged to the Telugu cobbler- We had caste, and not even the scavengers would have taken her in. admitted her in the name of God. The doubts we had on account 141, of the other girls, especially those of Badaga extraction, who think 0f themselves so much higher than the rest, soon disappeared when 100, we saw how readily they took to her, set water to warm for a bath, i and helped to cleanse her body of the. foul ulcers with which she the was covered. When she had bathed and was cleanly dressed they ab brought her in triumph to the mission-house. The girl was almost li7 beside herself with joy. Though about 10 or 12 years old, she is gt very backward in body and mind. She now goes to school and is The fact ly like the rest busy in fetching water and gathering wood. el that the girls of the proud Badagas gladly received this wretched beggar-girl from the lowest caste and have up to Caste prejudices this time taken loving care of her, shows the in- st overcome. fluence which the education in our orphanage has nd ‘on the future of our church. I may be permitted here to men- 364 tion another feature of the character of our girls. At the time ed when a collection was being made to pay off the debt of this Society, he our girls would not be behind-hand. They willingly undertook the 10 job of renewing the floor of the bathroom in the mission-house, il which a workman had offered to do for Rs. 4 and the money In order 00 thus earned was given towards the payment of the debt. to be able to lay their mite into the mission-box on missionary il meetings, they gather cowdung on the neighbouring pasture grounds he during their play-h-ours. SNty o 96 “There is no lack of work in our orphanage. The girls rise at cout half past five in the morning. After a short sick A Week in the Girl’ Orphanage. prayer in private, they clean and tidy their sleep- fron ing room and the whole house, and on Saturdays the also the church. Then they go to fetch water, which must be 0on After brought from a considerable distance down in the valley. that, they assemble for morning prayer with their matron, and then have breakfast. oof Their breakfast consists of a raghee dumpling with spiced sauce. On Sundays only they have coffee with home- 1y made raghee bread. Coffee on these hills is a very common bever- age with the natives several times a day, so that having it once a an week is no luxury. It lessens the Sunday work. After breakfast jul the little ones go to gather sticks in the mission-compound, while 101 the elder girls have to pound and clean their daily supply of il raghee and rice. The school-hours are from 91 A.m. to 3 rp.m. with an interval from 12 to 124 for lunch, consisting of a kind of rice and raghee gruel alternately. Twice a week, on Tuesdays and Thursdays, the girls come to the mission-house for needle-work ; the al difficulty of gathering the necessary wood for cooking and bathing ] purposes making it impossible for them to come oftener. The big- th ger girls, with the assistance of smaller ones, alternately cook their food and repair their clothing once a week; they also learn to iron th our own children’s clothes. Their chief meal is at 7 in the evening, th and consists of rice with well-spiced vegetables, once a week with (g dried fish, and on Sundays with meat. After meals Mr. Sikemeier { leads them in evening prayers. Saturday is bathing day. “On Sundays they go to the service. There is a Canarese and a Tamil service at 11 A. ., and catechisation at 2 ».m. Between or after the services they learn hymns and Bible-texts, or play. In the evening we like to take a walk with them, whenever it is pos- sible. Then they make hill and dale ring with their cheerful 1 songs.” B. Evangelisation. Altogether 730 days have been spent in itinerancy by the missionaries and catechists at Kaity and Coonoor, without 97 B n ise at At Kotageri counting the visits to the neighbouring villages. short sickness has prevented both the missienary and the pastor leep- from giving as much time as usual to this work, while during rdays the last quarter of the year the excitement caused by the st be conversions was an obstacle. After then My. Stokes at Coonoor regularly visits twenty-seven tea and coffee estates round about Coonoor; and with the help of pling 0me- My. Sathyanathan of Hulikal preaches to the coolies. ever- Catechist John Philip was stationed at Tuneri last year, 106 & and is working the extensive Todanad and the cooly mission kfast in the western part of the Nilgiris, while the Kaity miss- vhile ionaries and catechists work in the villages about Kaity and of itinerate as far as the Wynaad. P M d of My. Liitze of Kaity reports:— and “On many estates in the east and west parts of the Nilgiris the and in the Wynaad we meet with a friendly reception, and are per- ling ‘mitted to preach; some planters offer hospitality or assist us with big their donations. The owner of the Pillur estate wishes that some- hair thing be domne for the coolies on his two plantations. Three times 108 a month the gospel is preached to the coolies on his plantations, and ng, the owner has promised Rs. 15 per month towards the salary of a ith catechist. We are grateful for the opportunity as well as for all i the assistance given us. “The looseness of the marriage-ties is a great hindrance to nd progress on these hills. I know a middle-aged Badaga, who has or his seventh wife; only one of the other six died, In Marriage Laws the rest are married elsewhere, who knows how 0§ of the Badagas. often? Badaga women who have not come much fil into' contact with Christianity, freely express their disgust at the miserable condition of Christian women, who are bound to one husband only! This kind of feeling is especially prevalent in the I Todanad, where in the whole large distriet it would be difficult to Yet ub find a single woman, who has lived with only one husband. 13 98 B the women are fond of listening to the gospel; it touches some Jook kindred cords in their hearts in spite of all the rubbish that eovers them. It is on this rock, that Mark’s faith suffered shipwreck and lis Abraham of Tuneri, who was baptized a year and a half ago, has Bad not got back his wife and children up to this day. nig] “Many young people especially have been touched by the truth but it is so difficult to prove, that they are of the required age ill (18 years), and several who had joined us had to be given over to the police, who gave them back to their relations Some have lost courage by this painful experience, or they have been engulfed in Others s the swamp of sin and vice and thus estranged from truth. long for the time when they will be permitted by law to act 101 independently.” Wi Ih Bible-women Mys. Liitze writes:— W for ““We cannot report much of the work of our Bible-women They quietly go their way with the Bible in their hands into one or the other of the Badaga villages They are known everywhere Ch and they are greeted in Badaga fashion ‘Are you come? Are you fre well ? Are all your people well? Come, sit down ‘With these On words a grass mat is spread on the small verandah where we sit down Other women whom we happen to see are invited to come, Mis and then a Bible-story is read and explained to them But we are obliged to speak very loud, for generally grinding raghee or pounding hey rice is going on in the room inside The women listen however and (ay will now and then ask a question or give an answer while going on Sp( with their work Others sit quiet, generally with a baby on their 3] arm, and listen with pleasure They have this and that to say fo One day, for instance, as we were speaking of the love to God and the love to our neighbour, the wife of an idol priest said, *With you W there is some meaning in being God’s messengers; you bring good Wé tidings, you show kindness to us without asking anything in ex- oy change, you give us medicine and plaster for our wounds, and you fo assist us whenever you can But our priests only want money and T don’t bring us anything i 98 e some “A woman of the neighbourhood, who formerly would not even OYers look at us, much less hear anything of God, said:—*‘I am fond of k and listening. But in my house there is Masti Hette (an idol of the , has Badagas), and when I come to listen to you, she comes to me at night and reproaches me for having done so.’ ruth, “At Hullhada we used to go and see an old man who' had been | age ill several months. So long as he could drag himself along, he rer §0 A Poor would always come when he saw the Bible-women e lost and myself, sit down near us and listen to us, and Man indeed. ed In sometimes he would pour out his sad and comfort- less heart. He had four grown up sons, all of them drunkards; thers ) ack none cared for him, but all were anxiously waiting for his death. With weak faith he took hold of Jesus and would say :—‘I believe, I believe.’ One day people told us that he was dead. His sons, who had cared so little for him while alive, got up an expensive funeral on his account. nel “] am often struck with the contrast in the manner in which our ¢ or here Christian women are treated by their husbands, compared with the ol treatment which heathen wives receive at the hands of their husbands. One day we visited a young woman, very sick and miserable. hese s it Her mother was with her and complained that Misery of Badaga e, Women. she, who had work enough in her own house, should be obliged to come over to the house of are din her son-in-law to help. ‘Alas’, she said, ‘my son-in-law does not care in the least for his wife; he goes to work, it is true, but he and it spends almost all his earnings in drink and will scarcely bring home heir a little rice for the patient, nor will he do anything to get medicine for her. ‘Why should he do it? What matter if she die ? he will N and get another wife the day after’. Such is the state of the Badaga women. In contrast, Sarah, the wife of our Daniel in Kerehada, w was ill for many months. Her husband would nurse her carefully, o0 ()¢ loving and untired, and do what he could to get medical assistance for her. It was of no avail, however, her end was approaching. o Then it was Daniel’s chief concern, that she should be well prepared. nd He would speak to her about death, read the word of God to her 18* CelAnal s e 100 and pray with her When, ‘at his request, Mr. Liitze administered the Lord’s Supper to her on a Sunday afternoon, he lovingly held up her head, while she took the Lord’s Supper for the last time on earth I could not but rejoice at the element of love in Christianity so wanting in heathenism Ka “Our Badaga Girls’ School and Sunday School have been quietly of progressing during the past year and have given me much pleasure N Schools for non-Christians These schools of which we have a8 now 24 round the two centres of our work on the Hills, Br th Kaity and Kotageri, are a most important means of evange- lisation; 477 non-Christian boys and 19 girls, mostly Badagas G2 with a sprinkling of Kotas and others, receive the elements 1 f Christian truth in them {h 1 My. Liitze writes regarding them:— (U “The children are very fond of coming to -our schools, and there have been cases of boys who, though at first forbidden by their b parents to attend one of our schools, at last prevailed or them to There is a boy who walks two miles or more & give their permission every day to come to our Hulikal school His father, who is an But somehow enemy to Christianity, forbade bis son to go to school or other the boy got him round, and the father told him he might go, ‘but’, he said, ‘take care not to pay any attention to the Bible-lesson 2 and when the boy, as children do, began at home to speak of the Bible stories which had greatly attracted his attention, his father ! threatened to give him a thrashing if he mentioned those things again One evening, however, the little boy is so full of what he { has heard in school, that his father finds, he cannot prevent him from being impressed by the Bible truths, nor from talking about them But he at least does mnot choose to be inconvenienced by them, so when the little son again begins to talk of what he has heard in scheol, his father stops his two ears shoutmg in a rage:— ‘I won’t hear it, I won’t hear it’. ”’ N TN AN N TN N TN, TN 2 jered d up Obituary, € 0n nify 1 On the 1st February 1893 the Rev. Hermann Anandarao Kaundinya, late of Ana‘ndapur in Coorg, a pensioned missionary jefly of the Basel Mission, breathed his last at Kaity on the 16 bl Nilgiris. Born at Mangalore on the 20th March 1825, ave as the son of a well-to-do pleader of the caste of Sarasvat ills Brahmans, he received his first impressions of Christianity in There he 196 the Anglo-vernacular mission school in Mangalore. came one morning in 1843 to Mr. Migling, with a message from 035, onts My. Anderson, the judge. Myr. Mogling, who was very busy at the time, gave him a newly arrived English Almanac to read, in which Anandarao read the story of a Grecian king who, in [ order to maintain his law, had one eye of his son and one of his own plucked out. The story was given in illustration of it God’s plan of salvation for mankind. Awandarao was struck | f0 and shed tears. 016 He came back to Mr. Migling, asking him what story that was. Mr. Migling looked at him and saw he an 0w had come to open his heart to him. He called him in, ex- §% plained the story and pointed out to him the way of salvation, o, as the only way in which the holy God could remain just, the and yet justify sinners. Anandarao was much moved; he shed hor tears, and when Myr. Migling told him of the riches of the 188 mercy of Christ, who accepts all sinners and forgives all their he sins, he laughed. The missionary saw that those tears and Jiil that laugh were of the right sort and asked him to confess his i sins before the Lord. He hesitated, but at last opened his by 35 heart, and then the victory was gained. The two prayed to- gether, and Mr. Migling gave thanks to God for the manifesta- tion of His grace through the spirit of Christ in the newly born brother. «“Are you prepared”, he asked him, «for the troubles which the open confession of Christ will bring upon SELEES AL T 102 _ 18 you?” He said «“No, but God will help me.” On the 6th January 1844 he was baptized with two other young Brahmans who wh had before been inclined to become Christians, but had been hay kept back by Anandarao. By his conversion Awnandarao was In separated from his family; his affianced wife was kept away ha [ from him for eight years, but Mr. Mbﬁing was as a father and brother to him. The three Brahman lads seemed to be il the first fruits only of a rich harvest, to gather which Anandarao th was to assist. The home committee at Basel would have P preferred to have him educated in India as a preacher of the €l 00 gospel in his own land, but Mr. Mogling’s plan was different; he took his ‘son’ to Basel in winter 1845-46, where Anandarao, e now ‘Hermann’® spent five years in the mission college. After P having received ordination in 1851, he returned to India, and became My. Mogling’s assistant at the theological seminary in Mangalore. His wife Lakshmi at last joined him, but | Z would not hear of becoming a Christian, and up to her very end, which took place after 18 months, remained a devout worshipper of Rama. In December 1860 Mr. Kamadinya married Miss Maria % Reinhardt, a native of Germany, who now with eight surviv- ing children is mourning his loss. At Mangalore his work was at the theological seminary and the Anglo-vernacular school, the Mangalore native church, as well as preaching to the heathen in town and in the district. As his inti- mate acquaintance with several languages of his native country, such as Konkani (his native language), Kanarese, Tulu, Hindustani and Sanskrit, as well as with English, German, Latin, Greek and Hebrew seemed to particularly fit him for literary work, he was much occupied with this branch of mission-work. He translated into Canarese, or composed in that language a considerable number of school-books and tracts, which are still in extensive use in our mission. In 103 e uary 1853 Mr. Mogling began a mission in the province of Coorg, who where gradually a number of families of the slave caste were een baptized. He found it necessary to settle these poor people Was in a separate village and to find work for them. Myr. Kaundinya way had inherited some ‘property from his father, and resolved to ther buy a piece of waste land and jungle, on which in 1857 about ) be 20 Christian families settled down, Mr. Kaundinya becoming 100 their landlord. That was the origin of our station Ananda- Ave pur Myr. Koundinya remained at Mangalore till 1869, chiefly the engaged in itinerancy, but his own estate in Coorg, where a n; coffee plantation had been begun, which, after a prosperous W, beginning, became a heavy burden to him, required his fer presence. He was transferred to Anandapur in 1869 as pastor nd of the native church and itinerant missionary, superintending at the same time his estate. In 1881 he was pensioned, 1) ut though remaining in connection with the Basel Missionary Iy Society and working for them. In 1891 he was appointed as a member of the Canarese Bible Revision Committee, to which uf he has been of great value by extensive linguistic attainments. (I It was while he was occupied with the revision of the Gospel of St. John, that his last illness, pneumonia, attacked him at k Kaity on the Nilgiris, where he and Mrs. Kaundinya had He died in peace, commending his 1 repaired for a change. widow and children into the hands of their Father in heaven. Iy One of his daughters is engaged in the Master’s service in India. Though the abundant harvest which Mr. Mogling and others expected, when he was permitted to gather this first And then fruit, is not come yet, we know that it will come. 2 both, they that sowed and they that reap, will rejoice together. 2 On the 13th February 1893 Maria, the wife of the Rev. R. Hartmann, was called to her last rest at Karkala in South Canara. Born at Grabs, in the Canton St. Gallen, Switzerland, as the daughter of the minister of the place, she e 1044 hra grew up in a large and happy family circle where both father and mother considered and treated their children as ot die treasures entrusted to them by their heavenly Father. In 1865 she was united in wedlock with the Rev. R. Hartmann, who, since 1859, had been working among the Tulu population lak of South Canara and had been in charge of a large boys’ ho orphanage. She was a real helpmate for him in every respect Ay and a loving mother to the boys. Later on she had to 18 undergo the hardships and privations of life on a new station, th when her husband had to found the station Karkala in the thy interior of South Canara in 1872. After a previous stay at an home for two years and a half, both husband and wife had i again to recruit their health in Switzerland in 1886. It W was a hard trial for her mother’s heart, when in 1889 she a« had to leave her eight children to come out to India for the [ ] third time, but she bravely followed her husband, who was appointed to work in the district east of Mangalore, at Puttur and the neighbourhood, and not bound by home duties now, she would regularly accompany him on his preaching tours. \% But her Lord knew that it was time to fetch her home. On the 5th February 1893 she was attacked by an illness which soon exhausted her strength, though Dr. Bannerman and Apothecary Colaco did their utmost to save her life. But she knew that she was going home, and she had a great desire to depart and to be with Christ. When her husband asked her, «“Are you not afraid?” she looked at him, and answered in a sur- prised and rather offended tone «What, afraid?” When she was asked for a message to her children, she gave as her last bequest, ““Let them love their Saviour and follow me.” She had so fully cast all her care on the Lord, that no anxious concern about those she left behind troubled her. «Let me go, only let me go to Jesus”, she would repeat again and again. “Thus” Mr. Hartmann says, “my invaluable helpmate in all 105 hoth branches of my work, our faithful and loving wife and 1 4§ mother went home rejoicing.” It was a painful death she In died, and yet blessed are those that die like her. i, 3 On the 30th November 1893 Mr. Theodor Elsaesser, tion late of Mangalore, died in the Mission-house, Basel. He was oys’ born at Boblingen, in Wiirttemberg, Germany, on the 18th pect April 1844 and entered active mission-service in October 1867 as a worker in the mercantile and industrial branch of !‘ to jon, the mission, where he was employed first at Mangalore and the then from 1870-85 at Calicut, with an interval of about a year ab and a half spent on furlough in Germany, In 1871 he married 1ad In 1885 he Miss Weitbrecht of Schorndorf in Wiirttemberg. I was transferred to Mangalore and succeeded Mr. C. Pfleiderer :he as general agent and treasurer of our Indian mission in 1885. he As such he was much liked on account of his gentle disposi- as tion and his faithfulness; but in 1888 he had to leave his w work again in order to recruit his health in Germany. Though he came out a third time in the beginning of 1891, Mrs. 'S Elsaesser following him in the autumn of the same year, it 16 was only for a short time. He soon found that neither his )l own health nor that of his wife could stand the Indian climate y any longer and left India for good in spring 1893. Desirous, i however, to serve the Lord in his mission work at home, he accepted a call of the home committee to become an assis- tant of the home agent and treasurer of the Mission at Basel. On the 15th November he repaired to Basel, while his family remained in Germany intending to follow him in spring. But on the 28th a fit of apoplexy prostrated him and soon de- prived him of consciousness, so that Mrs. Elsaesser, who was summoned from Schorndorf in Germany, though coming in time to be with him for a few hours, could talk with him no more. He peacefully fell asleep on the 30th November aged 49 years. o e e (B2 (U o S SB an 14 Conclusion. Bringing this report to a close we would tender our hearty thanks to all our friends and supporters. @. | May He who moved their hearts to assist us with their Th contributions, their sympathy and their prayers, be Himself their exceeding great reward.—Thanks be to ] Him for using us, poor sinful mortals, as instruments Th Mr in the extension of His kingdom. N N Ti e (l;}; Subscriptions and Donations TOWARDS THE MISSION-FUND Received during the year 1893. ¢ All sums received on or-after the Ist January 1894 will be acknow- ledged in the Report for 1894. As MANGALORE. Rs G. A. Kittredge Esq. b 0 der Through Rev. P. Ott. Rev. J. Deimler 5 Rs As Messrs. Warden & Co. 25 o c oMl W. B. B. 38 IS, G. C. B. W. 7 HONAVAR—KARWAR. el Through Rev. M. Hoch. 5 C. Hudson Esq. A thanks-offering for much J. Davidson Esq. 10 be help received from and for happy days spent in the Dr. J. A. Howell Mission 50 {0 H. Ingle Esq. E. H. Moscardi Esq. Through the Station Cashier. ?Z (=3 (=) (=) = i o' SO OO OO nfs Mrs. Ward, Karachi, - E. Jones Esq. 5 “Thanks-offering” MERCARA. N. N. 19 For the General Fund. N. N. 28 Mrs. G. F. Meiklejohn Through Messrs. Warden & Co., Bombay Rev. A. Fennell 20 Conder Esq. 20 (=) Rev. G. Richter 12 10 Cotton Esq. E. A. Fennell Esq. H. G. o W. Wright Esq. 12 . H. ot 12 (=) (=)= ()= () S o 0 o e < S G. Haller Esq. B For the Cooly Mission. D. Sassoon Esq. Mrs. G. F. Meiklejohn (=) (=] A. E. 12 (= (=} E. A. Fennell Esq. Mec. K W. Wright Esq. 12 (=) (=} M. Drennan Esq. QEpPp IR QU QO Marcks Esq. ANANDAPUR. H. A. Geyer Esq. Mrs. Grant 12 Mrs. Chisholm 25 G H. T A G J. 8. Gerrard Esq. 10 20 oS © © < S o © < Alex. J. Agabeg Esq (5, B, B, B, (R ) B > > T A S S B [T — T =T <= ST < R N = B == Y == = = = i & & ©c & 50 o oo oo O Ree W. Mann Esq. 108 g 5 Rs As Fo J. Logan Esq. Mrs. Collett (=) H. D. 0. Ward Esq. (LR i) ” Critchall V.0 Messrs. Arbuthnot & Co. D. A. Finlayson Esq. BIJAPUR. J. D. Bell Esq. F. Goldsmith Esq. 10 AW T.J Walter Ward Esq. J. Monteath Esq. 10 [e=] (=) Lt. Col. Peters 25 (= R. Da C. Chinnappa Esq. W. Davies Esq. ok W.v Elisa Estate SO = O Ut Ot ot cCoe o o oo Cc e O CoOooc o 0o oo ocomn CANNANOEE Dr, A Friend Capt DHARWAR. W. 8. 25 Miss Mr. Anderson of Dehra-Dun Mrs. Sharp LH W. L. Cameron Esq. F. A. Tomlinson Esq. W.A J. Campbell Esq. -3 Col. &. C. Fennwick Dr. ] Capt. Christian 10 Capt. Macgregor ET H. Courpalais Esq H. F. Green Esq. Mrs. H. I. Duggan ok (=S S Ol S TS| Mrs. Haller 10 (=il e gt (=l e B o = e R o (== = S > T O — ) Mrs. Wright 30 Mrs A. E. Scott Esq. 5 TELLICHERRY. N W. M. Steuart Esq I. Batton Esq. S M Mr. Nailer 10 S (=] R. Tatham BEsq. Mg Mr. Reynolds 24 Mrs. Waller CHOMBALA Mr Mg Mrs. G. Wood 18 S. Powell Esq. (S} Mrs A. Crawley Bowey Hsq. 25 G. Jones Esq. Ut Mr. Jukes 12 Mr W. F. Macfarlane Esq. Mrs. S. Fraser 12 H. B. Winterbotham Esq M J . L. Johnston Esq. 60 Dr. A. MacCabe, Dollas D o o> J =) . Faibley Muir Esq. 50 Mrs. G. Romilly Hi G. Muirhead Esq. W. MacKinley Esq. J Partridge Esq. 10 (=) S i o e e i o Bl e B i o B o e o S S i e B o e o B o e P e S o ) CECOI 00 © O @ OO ONO IO O 0 OO O O A. Trollope Esq. For the High School. Ch. Atzenwiler Esq. H. Atzenwiler Esq. O T O en Cmg Elphinston Esq. 245 (¢ Mrs. R. K. Walter o ot HUBLI. Mrs. Anny West ot ik B . Wingate Esq. 100 C. I. Putticombe Hsg. o = =] ! E. Eberhardie Esq. . Muir Esq., towards a horse 25 I. H. Gusynne Esq. z BETTIGERI. A. Pereira Esq. Mr. R. Dixon Carter Mr. Christian Stocking U. Demetriadis ” J. H. Martell fz LY Wit © ©./0 0 © 0.0 .© 0 @ o c o o © O OO e o0 o0 O ot @ oo oo ” W. Flowers For the Poor J. Atkinson " O O e DO ©c © © <O ©c © O O R. Lamb Esq. (414 109 el | 3, 1As, P For the Chombala Sunday School. Rs. = o Rs. As. P Mrs. E. C. Hayne 300' 00 W. C. Dawson Esq. 5 0.0 Alex. Allan Esq. 25 15 Geo. Salmon Ksq. CALICUT. Miss L. K. Lt 00 A. W. Macrae Esq. 18 T. G. B. 10 12 00 T. J. Ferguson Esq. Col. B. Swintan Skinner 13 00 R. Darling Esq. 12 Col. K. F. Stevenson 10 W. V. Baker Esq. 10 D. Hooper Esq. 10 Dr. Carruthers 10 S. T. Naher Esq. 10 00 Capt. Hamilton J. E. for Mrs. W. 00 Miss M. Maiden Mrs. W. H. Atkinson (] 00 I. H. Bullivant Esq. H. S: 00 W. Maylor Esq. Mrs. E. Holdwell 00 Dr. Morrison zg X {53 275 Ll 00 B S 5 o e e cioTO D OO S o0 O IO DU O T. D. Dinwiddie Esq. 00 Dr. H. Solfan 00 PALGHAT Dr. F. Maitland Mrs. Tomlinson 10 Mrs. Davies Mr. C. Barrow 2 A Major Reynolds 00 Mr. Ferguson Col. Simpson 00 Mrs. Wilkinson sy Miss K. Van Someren Mr. Marsten Mrs. Hamnett Mrs. Barter Mrs. &. Walsh 00 Mrs. Dupen (oY P. Thompson Esq. (S G S S R B B ) B 5, (¢ ) 0 Mrs. Underwood DO D = N = W N Mrs. Morley (4 ) 0 Mr. Paine no D o0 o 0 e O 9 0O S SLCoEC O IS OO (W3 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOQO OOOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOQOOOOOOOO T. S. Sidney Esq. ) 0 0 KAITY. A tribute of love for the dear ) 0 His Lordship the Bishop Master’s work at Kaity through Dr. 8. 0 of Madras 50 et R 0 A Grateful Planter 140 A. B. A. N. Groves Esq. 50 F. G. C. Col. A. G. Hutchins 50 H. Simon Esq. 50 Mrs. A. H. Anthony W. Rhodes James Esq. Mrs. Breeks 50 (= g i (= () (e (e el (= Mrs. Addis Collection at the Mission F. Pegg Esq. 40 Mrs. M. Joder 3§?’) Hall, Ooty Collection in Mr. Stanes’ A. D. 2 School-room, Coonoor 30 12 A. M. Jones Esq. Gl D “Prosp.” Contribution to the Salary of the Catechist 29 L. B F. S e S o Toie e e T. Stanes Esq. 25 (=) 25 B Eh: % S iore s 6 SIe OO IO S SO &S 8 & e S8 5 O o - 9 e A. 8. Cowdell Esq. 110 g Mrs. H. Hallett 8] , For the Cooly Mission. Rs. As Mrs. W. E. Boggs Rev. | Pillur Estate (Hunter Esq.) 125 Rev. Rev. James Gillings T. Stanes Esq. 60 Mr. D E. F. H. Wiele Esq. Mrs. C. E. Hayne 36 Mrs. L. Parkinson 33 M. T R. W. James Esq. Mr. J G. W. Miss Mulpass 24 Mrs. A. Mc.Ivor Me. | F. G. Clarkson Esq. 24 Miss Hadfield A. N. Groves Esq. 22 Mr, | Sants Wi R. S P. Beaver Esq. 12 CLC O O I0 O S S o cocoocoool E. W. Mrs. E. Reed KOTAGERI. K P O T H: Mrs. Travers, Scotland (for Pie | Rev. Geo. N. Thomson out-station Denad) 100 S Mrs. E. Smith Frank Groves Esq. 100 D. 8. 10 Mrs. Hill, England (£ 10) 159 Na, lig DI B D)5 Miss Cockburn 50 Mrs. I. Seager Miss M. O. Brown Constable 2 Mg Pie A. Stern Esq. —Ryall Esq., Tattapalayam 5 Mrs. Kenrick Miss Norfor 2 ¥ Mrs. Morison Gt P, P Mrs. Griffith Z S OIS O O PO O O .o M Ar. C. E. P. Vernede For the Orphanage. Pro Mrs. Nask L e e T S e e S e T o T o SO (S oY N T N T SR 1) OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOE ocoecocoooooooooooooooom Mrs. Richardson, Madras 10 Donations from Members of the Congregations and other An Native Friends. hiY MANGALORE. MULKY. Messrs. L. Joshua & Sons 60 (=) Rev. D. Fernandez Mr. Thomas Pearl Mr. Mose of Padur 6 (=] Mr. Daniel Souza 12 i Mr. Hiskia Aiman 6 Mr. David Bangera Mr Francis, Apothecary, N. N. S OO = S OO B Puttur 10 0 UDIPI. Rev. J. 8. 2 = 0 Pie Collection of the Middle Mr. B. S. 2 0 5 School 20 Mrs. E. R. 112 10 Do. of the Orphanage 14 w (=] N. N., Deliverance grateful- KARKALA. I K e e e ness 20 0t 0 1073 0.0 BASRUR. Thanks-offering Pie Collection from 1891 to Pie Collection of the Kundapur 1893 by B. & T. D. 47 15 11 congregation 1 111 Rs As Rs, As. P. HONAVAR 1 0 . As, P, Sheristadar, Manantoddy Rev. T. Costa A Friend 8 00 Rev. J. Kamsika 00 N. N. Mr. Daniel Mr @ 00 . Vengtasubramanya Ayer Mr . Dasa Achutan Nayer oo 00 00 Mr . John Shankaren Mr . Joseph 00 ” K. Muttuswamy Pillay Mr . Joel ” Shankaren 00 Santappa Rangappa Esq. :j:% S o s RO O SISO N N0 IDNONC ” Shanu Chetty 00 KASARAGOD. ” Seshu Putty ” J. M. Cheriyan [en) (=3 K. P. Narayana Rao Esq. Ramen Pie Collection 0.0 Nellikamanen DHARWAR. ” R. Benjamin 00 Mrs. Benjamin O e T > B e B = e == R S O O O O B WO ool I QLD DI S e 10 8 Matron Bhagyavantawa, 00 Ullagadde 10 Chombala Congregation 28 < = Mrs. Milkawa Heri 1 00 Orphans of Chombala 4 Orphanage i ro ) 00 Pie Collection Pie Collection 25 & 00 HUBLY. ) 0 Mr. Mose Davali CALICUT. ) 0 Mr. Nijaguna 12 Mr. Amos Samadhanam 50 Proceed of 13 thanks-offering boxes 13 CODACAL. ) 0 Mrs. Hebsiba Arunachalam BETTIGERI. Coolies of the Tile-Work 14 Anonymous Pie Collection § 13 BIJAPUR. PALGHAT. Mr. Devapriya Shubha Th. Mathai Esq., Sub Asst. Inspector of Schools 10 CANNANORE. Salvanayagam Esq., Sub. Asst. Mission-box of the Weavers Inspector of Schools 10 and Spoolers 69 10 Mr. Thomas, Sub. Registrar 4 Pie Collection 16 Juy \] RSN Pie Collection pro. 1892 & 93 6 TELLICHERRY. KAITY. By the Weavers on Nettoor 17 Mrs. Krishnan 3 Mr. I. Joseph Mr. Paul Pilo » Benjamin Pie Collection ot = o O O S O O ” A. Joseph Paul Mada n CHOMBALA » Abraham Madia 1. P. Ittiyara Esq. 10 Gnana [ Jonathan - k= b0 DD W W W (o'o) o S e e i e ) o © oo 0 o < Mr. Theagaraya Moodliar 112 Rs., As. P Rs. As. P. Mr Carl Sathyanathan My James ”» Joh. Philip Anandappen ” Jes. Konga » Aaron Bommana 0 £l Jes. Shanta C. F. Dharmalinga Pillay 0 Salatiel Soans Mrs. Lydia Carl 2 ;4): (é): The d Shantappan Prakashi M. Satyanathan Barnabas “thanks-offering” The Ephraim Pie Collection 14 Jacob Kateri KOTAGERI. Paranjoti ; Mr. Samuel Malli Mose Kari Rev. Jacob Kanaka P. Aaron Dawar sy Mr. M. 8. Gnanapragasam Ananda John Bella Jesudasan o olilo ol R = Sl e g R e o B o i o i e Rece k2 Joseph Balli Gnanamany Benjamin Gnanasigamany Ashirvada V. Gnanapragasam B Daniel Bella Samuel Devar Reg " Joseph Hiriya Kaleb § L N e /) LS OO0 0. O O .0 o6 o o c o o oo -l O O O O O ) O ¥ Christian Adja ©C O O O OO e e o o0 Oe e O o e e O Y R Special Collection towards t\he Mission Debt Relief-fund. A Mangalore 368 13 Bettigeri 150 o Mission Anniversary 123 84 10 Guledgudd “T Mulky 35 S o Bijapur 32 64 Udipi Tellicherry 100 Karkala 13 Chombala 66 5 (g lyd Basrur { 8 Calicut 145 12 Honavar 10 Codacal 30 Mercara 34 Vaniyankulam 39 Dharwar 30 Kaity 110 Hubli 48 (o= olo Tl amLenl Tolt e 50 o) S o OEW. O OO Kotageri 70 E h O QO D OO & 3 i Subscriptions and Donations for the Sickhouse at Mangalore. G. Power Esq. 55 0 0 Mr. Thomas Pearl 6 0 [ 45 N. N. W. C. Holmes Esq. Dr. W. B. B. 38 A. 8. Jd. C. B.'W., % ? C. J. Weir BEsq. The Missionaries s | [ (=R e e = QO O S Messrs L. Joshua & Sons (e om B = B T =) QDD O D 113 5, As, P ) 40 40 Contributions towards the Mission “Leper Asylum” 40 at Mangalore. 00 Rs. As.-P. Rs. ‘As. B The Municipality of Mangalore 165 0 o |The Missions-Handlungs- 00 6 0 The Mission to Lepers in Gesellschaft for a Leper 14 India 250 0 0 | i 00 0 towards the Medical Mission. 00 Subscriptions and Donations 40 Received during the year 1891 - Towards Calicut Hospital pro 1893. 40 1892 towards the Calicut Mrs. W. V. Baker 10 § 0 Hospital Building from M. Cowdell Esq. 10 § 0 English and Native friends 7563 12 10 Mrs. W. Dumergue 00 Received during the year 1893 ” T. Ferguson 10 SO 00 towards Codacal Branch ”» Wellis 20 0 00 Gilkison 60 Hospital Building. » H. Bradley Esq. 50 Liadies of the Doreas 25 R. S. Benson Esq. 50 Mrs. A. W. Macrae SO RSO O D 0 25 And valuable materials for A Brown Esq. C. Barton Wright Esq. 2 Bandages etc. W. Morison Esq. Address Committee of Native 8 :[]]) A. Knapp Esq. Christians ;z 0 Collection in Codacal ‘ré Mr. Varghese’s little daughter 5 0 A.W. M 100 {ane G B ot e o o g = (g%’))) T. Gilkison Esq. 10 0 il Donations received at Cannanore. "j Towards Malabar Widows Fund | Mrs. Tyrell 0 | N:NC 0 H. H. the Rajah of Chiracal 10 2 Mr. Jonas Padiath 12 0 Towanrds the Local Mission Fund. 0 N: N. 20 Towards the schooling of poor children. Mrs. H. 6 9 0 2 Surgeon Major A. J. O’ Hara 2 0 Mr. Jacob Mandody (514 Ll 114_ Contributions from the Congregations (“Church Dues”). Rs. As. P Rs AR P Mangalore 659 9 Guledgudd 96 15 11 122 1 12 Mulky Bijapur Udipi 2385 14 Cannanore 285 12 Aar Karkala 15 Tellicherry 166 15 37 Adri Basrur-Kundapur Chombala 120 Am Honavar-Karwar 18 Calicut 2‘58 Ana Kasaragod 40 14 Codacal 195 Ang Mercara 49 8 Vaniyankulam 30 Anandapur ol 10 62 10 A Palghat Dharwar 52 14 Kaity 73 N Hubli 122 Kotageri 55 14 f oo JaE o S s L oo B & KR! s VSN = BN B o S ) Bii 130 ©C O QPO o0 oo o o0 o ® Bad Beitigeri Bas Ba E & O E Bes B Bil | Mangalore, 12th March 1894. Bil Bil S, %/é@zm@//e}; ; B Bo Treasurer. Bo Bo Bo | B By B N C (i ; ((é ( E As. P INDEX 5 11 00 120 Page Page 15 Aarons, Rev. Daniel 38 | Day-schools 51. 94 Africa, Western 18. 19 | Dharwar 21 49. 51. 53. 54 § 0 Amengara, ‘Daniel 21 | Dilger, Rev. C. W § 0 Anandapur 20. 46. 101 | Elementory Schools | Elsaesser, late Mr. Th. & \'Irs § 8 Anglo-Vernacular Schools 36. 44. 45. 6 0 72 81. 82. 83. 101 19. 20. 105 Arukanden, Evangelist- Nathanael Ernst, Rev. K. & Mrs 20. 41 04 10 0 58. 59 78 Evangelists 21 § 0 Assistant Catechists 21 51 Fisher, Rev. J. (& Mrs 20.) 46 48 Baichle, Rev. J 20 Franco-Anglo-Vernacular School 81 82 40 62 63 Bader, Rev. W Fritz, late Rev. J. M Basrur 38. 43 46 Frohnmeyer, Rev. 8. J. 62 95. Mrs 80 Baumann, Mr. J. & Mrs 38 Mrs. 43 46 =23 CGrengnagel, Rev. L Berli, Rev. D. & Mrs DO Girls’ Schools 45 72. 82. 100 Bettigeri-Gadag 20. 21 29 49.51 Gold Coast 1'8: 19 53 Guledgudd 20. 50. 53 Bible Revision Committees 29 103 Hartmann, late Mrs. 19. 103 . Bible Societies 23 Rev R. 103. 104 Bible-women 3. 24 37 41. 42 Henry Kodot Catechist 53 43. 53 61 80 98 High Schools, 28. 36. 44. 54. 72. 81 ; 49 50 53 20 29 Bijapur Hirner, Mr. G. & Mrs Boarding Schools 72 86 Hoch, Rev M 93 Boas, Mr. F 69 Hole, Rev. Ch. 20. & Mrs 66 80 83 1 39 Bode, Rev. O 19 Honavar 20 Book and Tract Depository 9 36 37 Huber, Mr. F 29 Bosshardt, Rev é 5 56 79 Hubli 20. 21 81 Brasche, Rev. F. A 19 20 Hutten, Rev. Cornelius 0 Briuning, Mr. F 19 20 TIndustrial and Mercantile Establish- ments 36 75. 105 British and Foreign Bible Society 24 Bucher, Rev J 44 Isaiah, Jonas, Medical Evangelist 83 Calicut 57. 59. 75. 76. 81. 82 84. 105 Isaiah Shanta, Assistant Catechist Cameroons 1819 86. 89 90 Cannanore 19. 20 21560, 72.773..75. 83 Jaus, Rev. J. J 55 Canara 18 North & South- 24. 25 40 Jesudasa Melattu, Catechist 33.-46. South- 101 103 104 Kaity 20. 23. 86. 88. 93. 94. 96 Catechists &~ 21 28 94 97. 100. 101. 103 Challa, Catechist Hermon 22 Kanaka, Rev. Jacob 93 China 19 alyanapur 33 Chombala 63. 65 72 - ( 3 75 83 Karkala 19 20 Chowa 61 72 Karwar 28 Christananda Manjaru, Assistant Kasaragod 21 40 45 Catechist 39 Kaundinya, Miss Maria Codacal 55 57. 70 72. 78..75. 83 84 Kaundinya, late Rev. H. A. 101 23 317 (Mrs 102. 103) Colporteurs Cooly Mission 48 9 Keppler, Rev. Chr. & Mrs 19 Coorg 18 46 —49 101 Knittel, Rev. W. H 59 ‘s 116 i A A Page Page 93 32 Konga, Isaiah, Assist. Catechist Religious Tract Society Kotageri 21. 73. 92. 94. 100 Rice, Rev. E. P. (of Bangalore Bible Kiihnle, Rev. J. G. 6. 69,70, 71 Society) 93 82 Tiauffer, Rev. J. Risch, Rev. H. 20 52 Lewis, Rev. Mr. (of B. B. Society) 93 Ritter, Rev. G. 38 83 Salomon Bhaskar, Rev. 21 Liebendorfer, m. ., Rev. E. Literary Department 29 Samuel Subrao, Catechist 28 Lorcher, Miss (Mrs. Uber) 20 Santvana, Catechist Daniel 21 20 Liithi, Rev. B. & Mrs. s Satyanathan, Catechist K. 97 Lutz, Rev. Th. & Mrs. 0. 53 Schaible, Rev. M. 33. 34. 45 Schenkel, Rev. R. 46 48 Liitze, Rev. W. 23. 86. 87. 88. 89. BA 93. 94. 97. (Mrs. 98.) 100 Schonthal, Mr. W. P. 75 Malabar 18. 24. 25. 55—85 Schoolmasters 23 51 72 Malappu— Udipi 20. 83. 36 Schoolmistresses 23 Manamparambu, Joseph, Medical Schools 23. 28. 85. 37. 44 51. 54. 83 72. 80. 82. 83. 93. 100 Evangelist Mangalore 19. 20. 21. 27. 36. 37. Seminaries, Theological 21. 27.51.72. 41. 44. 101. 102. 108. 104, 105 Catechist- 94 20 Matthissen, Rev. F. Sikemeier, Rev. W. 92. 93. Mrs. 95 Mayer, Rev. K. 20 Soens, Catechist Salatiel Barnabas 21 Medical Mission 83 Soens, Catechist Salatiel Isaac 22. 93 Mercantile Mission-Branch 36 Soens, Evangelist Bethuel 37 lercara 46 Southern Mahratta 18. 49-54 20 29 Metz, Rev. A - Stamm, Mr. S Middle Schools 36. 51. 72. 3 Stierlen, Mr. F. and Mrs. 19 101. 102. 103 Stokes, Miss Ellen (Mrs. Bret-, Mogling, late Rev. H Mulky 19. 33. 34. 36. 45 schneider) 20 Nagel, Rev. F 20 Stokes, Rev. W. 20 97 67 82 Narakaden, Schoolmaster Joshua Strobel, Rev. Th Native Pastors 21 80 Str6lin, Miss H 20 Sunday Schools 83 Nilgiris 18. 20. 22. 23. 75. 85. 100. 101. 103 Sunita, Joseph 21 Niibling, Rev. W. 20. 39 Suvarna, Catechist Moses 2 90 Orphanages 86. 51. 72, 73. 93. 94. MTeachers’ Training Schools 86. 44. 72 96. 104 Tellicherry 21. 23. 27. 62. 72. 73. 60 61 75. 80. 81. 82 83 Ostermeyer, Rev. J = Padiath, Rev. Jonas | Tile-works 20 36. 67. 68. 69 Palghat 2067, 72, (3. 5. 81 83 Training Classes 23. 51 74 44, 46, 54. 58 72 83 Parochial Schools Uber, Rev. Th. Peter, Rev. G. 64. 65 i Udipi 19. 20. 24. 33. 36. 38. 41 Poor-house 62 63 Vaniyankulam 19. 20. 66. 81 83 80. Pfleiderer, Mr. C 105 Volz, Mr. F. 76 Philip, Catechist John 97 Wagner, Rev. G 36 51 19 20 65 Preparatory Schools Walter, Rev. S. & Mrs. Primary Schools 23. 94 Walz, Rev. Th. & Mrs. 41 29. 36 Warth, Rev. C. D. 52 Printing Press 36. Puttur 104 Weaving Establishments 71’ Reade, Mrs. 28 Weismann, Rev. I. 26. 63. 64. 65. & Mrs. 74. 82 Rehm, Rev. F e Reinhardt, late Rev. L. Ph 4 i Zimmerli, Miss (Mrs. Bosshardt) 20 # — g = i X e & = o fs Y o 2 &, P s 8 e ! o oo 62 o 2 . i 2 08 T i e 2 SR e e -~ e ot e o 2 i T S35 5 A o > & % 5 (> - ‘a £ i & b e % 4 Sy e & o B % * EX b i PE) A £ & 3 £ S ¥ % o ’X & b 3 5 A e e 3 ot i *7‘. b % £ EU o N s & e e ¥ S &y | 4 ¢ 2 7 * ¥, o i 5 e h0 X * ;N.%m. id 5 & c o 2% 3 e i el Z o £t iy 3, i fo ‘ o £ 75 e 3 L B o 5% o & %5 S ads e e i Lt &y b v W £ 2 = Sy <t G o S A e H 24 b A & & 3o oo & iy & = 4 3 L 3 s o 2 oty L & et £t X 5 B 5 R o o o b 5 o 2, s 3 54 6% 2 §ee) ey 4 o i < % by Y e - i 2 & 4 . 23 o & 8 < ) 'y pcs % s e ks T s 4 I 20 cm U T S THE R 2 FIFTY-FOURTH REPORT VierFarbSelector Standard * - Euroskala Offset = : OF THE Balance Q o) o BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION 0 S = Focus ; IN N SOUTH-WESTERN INDIA M | FOR THE YEAR I'10 1 1893 10 | SN SR | I's ER Bl R R | MANGALORE PRINTED AT THE BASEL MISSION PRESS 1894 M Copyright 4/1999 YxyMaster GmbH www.yxymaster.com