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European Missionaries

of the Basel German Evangelical Mission.

[The letter (m.) after the names signifies: “married” and theletter (w.) “widower”’.

The names of unordained Missionaries are marked by an asterisk.]

Date of

Native

Active

Station

Name

Country

Service

. E. Diez (m.)

Germany

1851

Mangalore

1856

. J. Lauffer (m.)

do

Manantoddy

. 'W. Roth (m.)

do

1857

Hubly

. L. G. Hanhart (m.)

Switzerland

1857

Cannanore

. J. F. A. Ménner (m.)

Germany

1857

Mangalore

. R. Hartmann (m.)

Switzerland

1859

Karkal

. J. J. Thumm (m.)

Germany

1860

Bettigerry

. 'W. Stokes (m.)

India

1860

Kaity

O O 1 S OB W N

Germany

1861

do

. J. F. Miiller (m.)

ot

=)

. F. Ziegler (m.)

do

1862

Dharwar

e

do

1863

Mangalore

. J. B. Graeter (m.)

o

Th. Digel (m.)*

do

1864

do

o

do

1865

Calicut

J. Knobloch (m.)

-

S. Walter (m.)

Switzerland

1865

Chombala

1866

o

Th. Walz (m.)

Germany

Udapy

>

. Matthissen

Russia

1867

Tellicherry

1867

Calicut

3

Th. Elséisser (m.)*

Germany

&

G. Ritter (m.)

do

1869

Udapy

Mercara

o

H. Daimelhuber (m.)

do

1869

S

'W. Schmolek (m.)

do

1869

Chombala

o

'W. Sikemeier (m.)

Holland

1870

Mangalore

v

W.P.Schonthal (m.)* | Germany

1870

(Cannanore

e

. P. Ott (m.)

do

1871

Mulky

r

do

1871

Honore

. W, Niibling (m.)

1*

Date of

Name

Native

Aclive

Station

Country

Service

25

. C. Hiittinger (m.)*

Germany

1871

Mangalore

26

do

1871

Dharwar

W.Hasenwandel (m.)

27

G. Wagner (w.)

do

1872

Chombala

28

do

1872

J. Hermelink (m.)

Kotargiri

29

J. F. Veil (m.)

do

1872

Mercara

30

R. Hauri (m.)*

Switzerland

1873

Mangalore

31

C. Feuchter*

Germany

1873

Calicut

32

J. Layer (m.)

do

1873

Mangalore

33

J. Ostermeyer (m.)*

do

1873

Calicut

34

G. Grossmann (m.)

Switzerland

1874

Guledgud

35

J. Baumann (m.)*

do

1874

Mangalore

36

C. Pfleiderer (m.)*

Germany

1874

do

37

do

1874

R. Schenkel (m.)

Bettigerry

38

J. Veil (m.)*

do

1875

Mercara

39

do

1875

W. Liitze (m.)

Hubly

40

L. Gengnagel (m.)

do

1875

Kundapur

41

do

1875

E. Liebendorfer (m.)

Tellicherry

42

J. Frohnmeyer (m.)

do

1876

Calicut

43

A. Ruhland (w.)

do

1876

Palghaut

44

C. G. Eble (m.)

do

1876

Mulky

45

M. Hoch (m.)

Switzerland

1876

Mangalore

46

E. G. Halbroek *

Germany

1876

47

Calicut :

G. Benner (m.)*

do

1877

do

48

H. Altenmiiller (m.)¥

do

1878

Mangalo're

49

J. Krapf (m.)*

Switzerland

1878

do

50

J. G. Kithnle (m.)

1878

Cohdacal

Germany

51

C. D. Warth (m.)

do

1878

Guledgud

52

1878

J.Knausenberger (m) | Germany

Hubly

53

M. Mieg (m.)

do

1878

Tellicherry

54

do

1879

J. Weismann (m.)

Cannanore (Chowa)

55, Chr. Keppler

do,

1879

Udapy

Date of

Native

Active

Station

Name

Country

Service

56

gL YL Jaus

Germany

1879

Calicut

1879

do

57

Jul. Fieg*

do

58

H. Bachmann

Switzerland

1880

Palghaut

59

'W. Dilger

Germany

1880

Tellicherry

60

F. Stierlen®

do

1880

Cannanore

61

F. Staib

do

1881

Mangalore

62

do

1881

Dharwar

K, Ernst

63

F. Fischer

do

1881

Honore

O

1874

now at Mangalore

64

Mrs. A. Ziegler

Germany

65

Miss F. Mader

do

1881

Mangalore

At Home.

66

1839

late of Cannanore

J. M. Fritz (m.)

Germany

67

A. Bithrer (m.)

Switzerland

1842

do

Kotargiri

1842

do

68

C. Miiller (m.)

Germany

Tellicherry

69

J. F. Metz

do

1843

do

Kaity

70

F. Kittel (m.)

do

1853

do

Mercara

74

do

1858

do

Hubly

D4

J. Mack (m.)

7

i

Th. Schauffler (m.)

do

1860

do

(Cannanore

73

do

1869

do

Udapy

. A. Brasche (m.)

74

. G. Hirner (m.)*

do

1871

do

Mangalore

75

do

1871

do

. J. Welsch (m.)

Guledgud

76

. J. Hafner (m.)

Switzerland

1871

do

Kundapur

o N N,

6

Stations & Agents of the Basel German Ev.

A. CANARA—

Stations

and

Missionaries

Native Pastors

Out-Stations

a

Pastoral

1. Mangalore

Out-Stations:

Rev. A. Minner

Bockapatna;

B

Educational

Bolma;

Rev

. B. Graeter

Jeppu;

Rev

. E. Diez

Catech. Sem.

Ravaneshwara ;

Hosadurga, Nileshwara.

Rev

. M. Hoch

do

& [tin.

Rev

. J. Layer, Anglo-Vern. Sch.

Industrial

Rev. W. Sikemeier, Press

b

Mr. J. Krapf, Book-Depository

Mr. Th. Digel, Weaving Establ.

Mzr. J. Baumann, 7%4e Works

Mr. Ch. Hiittinger

Mr. F. Staib

Mech.Works

J

Mercantile

Mr. C. Pfleiderer, Gend. Treasurer

Mz. R. Hauri

M. M. Br.

Mzr. H. Altenmiiller ]

Mrs. A. Ziegler

Miss E. Mader

2. Mulky

Rev. P. Ott, Congr. and Orph.

Rev. Sebast. Furtado,

Out-Stations :

Rev. C. Eble, Ouz-Stations.

Uchila

Ulya, Kadike;

Santur, Yellur;

Hutyar, Kalatur ;

Uchila, Yermala, Mulur;

Padur, Perur, Mallar;

Munderu, Kodetur,

Mission Society in South-~Western India.

COORG.

Catechists

Christian

Christian

Heathen

Schoolmasters

Schoolmistresses

Schoolmasters

]I

Engaged in Fust.

Anglo-Vern. Sch..

Farock. Gis’. Sch.:

Angilo-Vern. Sch.:

& Evang. Work:

David Bunyan

Hanna Loecklin

M. Padmanabha, F.A.

Israel Aaron, Bol.

Manuel Karkada

Brahm. GIs’. Sch.s

M. Rangappa

Samuel Andrea

K. Subba Rao

Joel Sona

Julia Manakaden

J. Bhagyan, Feppn

— Rama Rao

Faroch.Boys’ Sch.:

Tabitha Theodor

C. Hermon, Rav.

M. Subba Rao

Jac. Ammanna

Charlotte Minez

A.Bangera,Hosad.

A. Manjunatha

Paul Bangera

Infants’ Schood:

Dasappa, Hosad.

Engaged

Paroch. Gis’. Sch.:

in Edwuc. Work:

Sophia Titus

Albert Vartika

Chr. Watsa, Caz. S.

Lydia Mitra

G. Almanda,

Nireshvalya Sch.:

Girls’ Work-Sch.:

A VS,

Barnabas Kodot

Margaret Soen

Gers. Soans,

n

At Hosadurga:

Gabriel Hermon

Mark Salis, Mulky

A.Putranna, Orpk

Lena Jerem., Orpt.

Abr. Heri, Kutyar

i §

Jer. Sundara,

Debora Tanye, .,

Isr. Elieser, Sanz.

J. Karat, Far. Sci

N. Suchitta, Faedwur

J. Mabenna, Saz¢

J. Vedamuttu,

Jos. Joshua, Kuzy

Munderu

D. Bangeraa, Fad.

Sil. Sona, Uckila

J. Sona, Aadike

Stations

and

Missionaries

Native Pastors

Out-Stations

3. Udapy

Rev.-G. Ritter, Congr. & Out-Stats

Rev. D. Aaron, Udapy

Out-Stations:

Rev. Th. Walz, Preparandi School

Rev. D. Fernandez,

Nidambur, Beilur,

Gudde

Korangradi, Malapu,

Rev.C.Keppler, Orph. & T'.Seminary

Perala,

Badegottu,

Rev. Ch. Gojar,

Kapettu, Udyavara;

Shirwa

Shirwa, Bolle, Kattin-

Ninjur,

Kudi-

geri,

grama, Palli, Suda;

Gudde, Kap, Mandedi;

Kattupadi, Koppala;

1

Madambeil,

Kurkal,

Kalanje;

Kalyanapur,

Uppur,

;’

Bolmar, Tottam.

4. Karkal

Rev. R. Hartmann, Congr. & ltin.

Out-Stations:

Sanur, Mudar, Nan-

dolige, Hekkatka.

b

5, Kundapur

Rev. L. Gengnagel, Xtinerating

6. Honore

Rev. W. Niibling, Congr. & ltiner.

Out-Station

Rev. F. Fischer, Vernac. Studies

Harwar.

7. Mercara

Rev. H. Daimelhuber | Congr. &

Out-Station

Rev. J. F. Veil

| Ztinerating

Anandapur.

Mr. J. Veil, Mercantile M. Branch

BI

SOUTH-

8. Dharﬁvar

Rew;'. F. Ziegler, Congr. & Schools

Out-Station:

Rev. W. Hasenwandel, .,

"

Jodhalli.

|

Rev. K. Ernst, Vernac. Studies

;

Christian

Christian

Heathen

Catechists

Schoolmasters

Schoolmistresses

Schoolmasters

D. Andrea, Azly.

P. Simeon, #r. S

Ben. Ponon, Au#

B. Joshua, Orgk.

T. Furtado, Udy.

L. Suchitta,

”

B. Ananda, Mad.

G. Samapria, ,

N. Salins,

”

Edum)ional X

D. Karkada,

C. Mabena, #r. S.

Shirwa

Geo. Peter,

”

J. Keiranna, Azz.

El. Ananda, Gudde

B. Keiranna,

Bolmar

Obed Sumitra,

Ev. work

E. Karat, Zn.

Sam. Bunyan, /Z/z.

Maria Hebri

Jer. Sona,

”

Isab. Kata

B. Sovens, Zzn.

Lewis Salins,

Jacob Upranna,

Faroch. S

Cooly-Mission

Jos. Aarons,

Anandapur

MAHRATTA

Lot Heri

‘ S. Lokare, 4.J4\S.

M. Muchaganna,

Ann. Joisi, 4.V, S.|

Saty. Venkatarao, } B. Harubal., Orp#.

Orpk. | R. Menasinakai, ,,

Fo. work

Annachari Pete, ,

D.Uttengi, 4. V.S.

G. Karegara,

Rudraya Rottim.,

Vern. S.

2

10

Stations

and

Missionaries

Native Pastors

Out-Stations

9. Hubly

Rev

. W. Roth, Congr. & ltinerating

Im

Out-Stations :

Rev

. W. Liitze, Orph. & Teach. Sem.

Jon

Unakallu, Hebsur.

Rev

. J. Knausenberger, /inerating

Joh

10. Bettigerry

Rev

- J. J. Thumm, Cozor. ideh.

Jar,

(Addr. Gadag)

Rev

Nah

Out-Station:

. R. Schenkel, /tinerating

Shagoti.

Sal,

11. Guledgud

Rev

. G. Grossmann, Orplanage,

(Addr. Kaladgi)

Sal.

Out-Stations:

Congr. & Kardenh.

LF

Halkurgi;

Parwoti,

Rev

. C. D. Warth, Mushtigeri &

Sub]

Murudi, Padinakatte,

Hardenhalli,

Korden-

ltinerating

halli,

Sadagundi;

Nagarahalli,Asangi

Mullur;

Mushtigeri.

C- MA.IJA_

BA

12. Cannanore

Rev. G. Hanhart, Cann.Congr & ltin.

Rev. Abr. Mulil,

C.&t

Out-Stations:

Rev. J. Lauffer, Manantoddy

Taliparambu

N.A

Chovva ;

Rev. J. Weismann, Chovva Congr.

Chircal ;

CH

Taliparambu ;

Mr. W. P. Schonthal ]

Weav. Establ.

§

Manantoddy.

Mz. F. Stierlen

l

MK,

A, P,

A K

BN

Rev. P. Chandran

13. Tellicherry

Rev. F. Matthissen, gk Schoo?

W.p

Out-Station:

Rev. E. Liebendorfer, £rep. Sch. etc.

J' Ta<

Anj ercandy.'

Rev. M. Mieg, High School etc.

I &y

Rev. W. Dilger, Nettur

&

§. Ch

L

S

i

11

Christian

Christian

Heathen

Catechists

Schoolmasters

Schoolmistresses

Schoolmasters

Im. Sona, Cong. &

D. Punita, 7. Sem

Ratni Rudapra,

Gurusidh. Halaya,

FEv.work etc.

Parock. Gis. Sch.

Heath. V., Sck.

Dev.Shubha Orp/

Jon. Hawala

Ananda Bomma ,

Adav. Munavalli,

Joh. Prabhakar

J. Mudukawi

Tdeqllt: Ve Sch.

Sum. Benikagauda

Jar. Soans, Congr.

Paul Bad., Z.V.S.

Bhagyavanti,

Bapanni Kapadi,

Sal. Jaliki, O»ph.

Heath. Vern. Sch.

i St o) o BB

Nahas. Vira, SZag.

Orph.

Sal. Bhaskar, /##n.

Am. Shilabhadra,

Shag.

I.Nirmanika,O7p/.

Buddh. Havala,

Adiviap. Mulgund,

Sal. Devada,Xard.

I. Furtado, Gzded.

Steph. Sagari,

Paroch. Gls” Sch.

Heath, Vern. Sch.

Kordenlhalli

Subh. Bhanapur

D. Mushtaganna,

Orphan Sch.

A. Havala, Heath.

Vern. Sch.

J

A

BAR

C. Stocking, Cozng.

S. Elias, Zuar. Sct.

M. Peitel, Heath.

Vern., Sch.

i

N. Arukanden,

Aqu. Muttu,

”

ltinerating

D. Gomer, Feath.

C. Hutten, Ckovva

Vern. Sch.

|

P. Sneham,

Tit. Padiath,

Chiv. & Itin.

Chovva

M.Kudakkal, /Maz..

Al Para, .

A. Kattuparambu,

1tin,

E. Nambi, 7aéip.

‘:

W. Davis, Ziner.

P. Hermon, #re. S. | Ruth Mulil

Kelen, Prep. Sch.

fal v

J. Taddai, Congr.

S. Sandhi, Orpk.

Parock.Gls. Sch.

Chatappen, Orphk.

J. Kumaren, Azn;.

S. Nathan,

”

P. Ramen,B.A. 4. S.

C. Ram., F.A.

”

Educational:

N.Hermon, 4. V.'S.

”

D. Kanaren,

S. Chandran, 2 S. | J- Vedamuttu, V.S,

E.Kunya. Nayer ,,

i

P. Arnon,

”

P. Jesudasen, ,

K. Krishnen,

”

B.George, 4njerc.

P. Krishnen

»

K. Bapu Guruk., ,,

\

2%

12

Stations

and

Missionaries

Native Pastors

Out-Stations

@

14. Chombala

Rev. S. Waltér I

(Addr. Mahé)

Rev. G. Wagner

j Congr. & ltin

Out-Stations:

Kandappankundu;

Rev. W. Schmolk, Orplanage

Muvarattu; Mahé.

15. Calicut

a. Pastoral

Rev. Joseph Jacobi,

Out-Stations:

Rev. J. Knobloch, Congr., Orpr

Coilandy

Coilandy ;

Rev. J. J. Jaus,

»

Beypore, Vythery.

5. Elducational

Rev.J.Frohnmeyer,High. Sch.etc

¢. Industrial

Mzr. C. Feuchter, 7% Works

Mr. G. Benner, Carpenter Shop

d. Mercantile

Mr. Th. Elsidsser

Weav. Est.

Mr. J. Ostermeyer |

Mz. E. Halbrock

and

!-Mer

c. Bran

Mr. J. Fieg

16. Codacal

Rev. J. G. Kiihnle, Congr. ez.

(4dd. Rail. St. Tiroor)

Out-Station::

Paraperi; Malapuram,

Manchery, Ponnani

Nilambur.

17. Palghaut

Rev. A. Ruhland

Out-Stations:

Rev.H.Bachmann

Kannani, Kinanur;

} Congr. & ltin.

Panayur;

Karuvapara;

Wadakenchery.

D ‘NELA-

18. Kaity (4ddr.

Rev. Fr. Miiller, Orpk. & Schools

Ootacamund)

Qut-station:

Rev. W. Stokes, Congr. & Iltin.

Nerkambe,

19. Kotargiri

Rev. J. Hermelink, Congr. etc.

I

13

S e R

Christian

Christian

Heathen

Catechists

Schoolmasters

| Schoolmistresses

Schoolmastgrs

Tim. Kochen, /7Z.

C. Appayen, Orpk. | P. Samuel,

Shankaren, Maké

G. Pirachen, Azn.

| Sil. Hanoch,

”

Orphanage

Steph. Kalott, /7.

Mose Ponon, #a

5. | A. Ashirvadam

T. Chembankodan

J. Pudenwidu, /2.

Jona Padiat, /zn.

G. Vergese, B. A.

B. Kuttakal,

U.Shankaren, B.A.,

High School

Orphanage

High Sch.

Is. Laban, Congr.

K. Nayanar, F. A.,

P. Chittayagam,

I. Mackaden, ,

H. Hoar

»

A

V. Sch.

FEv. work eic.

Th. Puttenvs, .,

Eliza Rein,

B. K. Kurupp, »

Jac. Heber, Coii.

T. Dor, A.V. Sct.

Heath. GIs’. Sch.

”

K. Shankaren, ,

T. Parakandy,

M. Achat,

D. Oli, Coil. Sck.

K.R.Nayer,r.A. ,

Schools

M. Kuttikan,

Chr. P. Kavil, Zin.

Put. Sch.

M. R. Nayer,

”

M.G.Menon

Es. David (Zown)

O. Verky, Orpt.

”

avalappen,

R.Paniker, Vern.S.

| J. Vali

Orphanage

P. Kannen,

”

E S Para

kandy,

1

Boys® Sch.

kl

E.Arunajalam,/#/7 | Th. Shankaren,

Paroch. Scl.

D. Taikandi,

»

”

A. Chatayappen,

J. Zacharias,

Orplanage

E

S. Martin

”

e Chamaﬁchery

E. Ittirarichan,

Ruth Muwattil,

Palanikandi Pillay,

A V. Sch

S 10 Sl

A. Velliatingara,

Heath. Girls’ S.

Wadaken

D. Padiat, Far. S

Subramanya Pillay

C. Kottai, Congr.

A W Seh.

& ltin

Dom. Cabral, ,

A. Vasisthan, Az

Kar. Paniker,

C. Arunajalam, A"

Ponani Sch.

A. Arangadan, /#;

P. Kallari, Zzna.

B. Ashan, #ad.

P. Devadattan, /77

\

GIRI

A_

Joh. Philip

M. Joseph, O»pa.

Ruth Nerkambe,

Nandi, 4dkikarial.

Orph.

Kakkamalla

Is. Nerkambe

Sal. Beera, Kater:

Konga, Zuneri

Lingu, Hannikore

Shawana

Jac. Kanaka, /Zn. | Sal. Soven, O»p4.

Rhoda, Orph.

Chicka

”

”

Jogi

S T S

Sil. Shanta,

Sim. Bala,

X

14

——ms

Statistical Summary of the Basel German Evangelical Mission

Table I.

Agency.

Missionaries

Native Agents

Mission Districts

Total

Total

Ord. Miss

Lay Brethren

Ord. Pastors

Catechists

Chr. Sch. Mast

Chr. Sch. Mistr

Heath. Sch. Mas

I. Canara——Coorg

Mangalore (establ. 1834)

30

Mulky

(

”

16

1845)

Udapy

(

”

1854)

;

g

I8

Karkal

(

”

1872)

Kundapur

(

”

1876)

Honore

(

»

1845)

N NV B WO -

Mercara, Anandap. (1870)

DO DO = = W DN D

WN;—)—-QOI\::

§

:‘);

I11. South-Mahratta

Dharwar

1

(establ. 1837)

Hubly

(

»

1839)

11

Io

"

Bettigerry (

1841)

L

1851)

N DD W W

™D W W

DL W w

B~ W Ot w

e o T = S )

[ SR = S N IR

Guledﬁgud (s

III. Malabar

12

Cannanore (establ.

5

14

1841)

13

Tellicherry (

”

1839)

23

14

”

:

I

Chombala (

1849)

I5

Calicut

(

»

1842)

%

i::

30

16

Codacal

1857)

I:III

17

Palghaut

:

"

1858)

DD == W W B W

;;

S W - Ot Ot @

g

16

IV. Nilagiri

18

18

Kaity

(establ.

1846)

2

2

2

2

1

—_—

—

1

I9

Kotargiri

(

”

1867)

— | E— | p— | Sm—| —| —— | —

1

2

2

1

3

Total |45 17” 63

7

75

.

26 | 45

|

230

|

/

15

e

on the South-Western Coast of India, 1st January 1882.

Table II. Pastoral Department.

Heathens

baptized in

Church Members

Mission Districts

1st January 1882

Stations

Total

Total

Out-Stations

Church Members

1st January 1881

Adults

Children

Communicants

Non-Commts

Children

}

Catechumens

I.Canara—Coorg

Mangalore

1238

13

15

747

12

547

1306

217

Mulky

14

740

15

12

R1

324

355

688

43

27

1051

509

25

497

1031

75

Udapy

Karkal

46

10

25

25

59

16

11

16

1

Kundapur

Honore

73

31

10

32

3

f:i)-.

Mercara, Aanand

201

105

14

95

214

I1.S. Mahratta

8

Dharwar

156

J

67

84

152

9

Hubly

316

157

145

306

I0.

397

10

201

1

212

424

20

Bettigerry

II.

Guledgud

QO = DD =

391

18

22

212

5

182

399

26

III. Malabar

12

Cannanore

572

16

320

44

240

604

12

I3

Tellicherry

440

13

209

226

1

436

11

273

15

23

150

283

14

Chombala

180

Calicut

g

779

25

30

455

10

387 ||

852

29

|

15

172

331

12

16

Codacal

300

10

19

152

0

Z

130

el HCD OG0 ICIN QD)

7(16

66

151

-

Palghaut

[6

|

IV. Nilagire

E

18. Kaity

1

71

28

s

147

62

Li:

150

19. Kotargiri

|

e

|

282

Total |89

7337

135| 62

197

3842

189

3026

1

7557

é

16

Statist. Summary ete.

Table III. Educational

Christian Schools

Training Institutions

Boardg. Schools || Day-Schools

Mission Districts

Number o6f Schools

Cat. Seminary

Teachers’ Sem

Prep. Schools

Boys

Girl

Boys

Girls

|

|

I.

Canara—=CLoorg

1

22

131

145

Mangalore

Mulky

67

59

32

e

Udapy

23

65

50

36

Karkal

Kundapur

Honore

g OOVt B oW N

16

11

Mercara, Anandap.

I[I. South-Mahratta

Dharwar

51

Hubly

18

13

12

70

14

13

I0

Bettigerry

II

Guledgud

B B Ot W

52

14

18

IT1. Malabar

I2

Cannanore

40

35

13

Tellicherry

10

22

45

20

26

Chombala

51

15

15

14

15

Calicut

10

49

57

90

28

16

Codacal

16

18

it/

Palghaut

I

¥V

O

Nilagiri

18

Kaity

13

15

i

I9

Kotargiri

Total

26

15

303

460

488

45 ' 239

R A ]

17

1st January 1882.

Department.

Heathen Schools

Total under Instruction

Anglo-Vern. Schools

Vernacular Schools

Christians

Heathens

|

l

|

Grand Total

Christians

Heathens

Christians

Heathens

Boys

Girls

Boys

Girls

29

129

269

187

145

323

730

39

59

99

39

197

38

138

39

37

215

—

—

11

11

17

12

16

12

12

43

65

67

59

132

196

66

qat

12

66

149

18

41

32

83

41

156

e e e e e

71

66

18

71

156

69

49

38

49

21

187

36

257

20

T4

145

34

312

19

510

48

21

70

48

143

66

259

59

122

140

308

10

580

34

28

68

164

11

205

10

236

51

10

143

17

143

164

65

26

65

929

150

174

1233

981

823

1848

163

3815

=

dheport.

—_—— OO

HE time has come round again for the friends and

well-wishers of our Mission to look for the annual ac-

@ count of our stewardship.

We give this with mixed feelings of thankfulness, that the

Lord has helped us through another year and given us proofs

of His faithfulness and mercy; with feelings of regret when

we look to those, who have gone astray; and with feelings of

hope, that the Lord of the vineyard will empower us more and

more to fulfil our momentous calling, raise the Native Church

to a higher level and cause the heathen to acknowledge Him

{

as their Lord and Master.

Our friends are aware from last year’s Report nthat our

revered Principal, the Rew. Otto Schot?, was with us during

the first quarter of the year.

Although bed-ridden half that

time and forced to curtail his inspecting tour, he was most

anxious to impress the congregations he could visit and

address, with the apostolic ideal of a model Mission Church.

In like manner he endeavoured to convey to us, the workmen,

Ie

his own sympathy as well as that of the Home Committee

he

and, fully aware how easily the Missionary ideal may fade

al

th

away or be lost sight of in the midst of struggle, he sketched

th

19

e e

for us the pattern of a healthy spiritual life and reminded

us of the goal that the Missionary should ever keep in view.

Our beloved Principal has reached head-quarters in safety

and has had the satisfaction of testifying to the Churches in

different lands that the Lord has crowned the work done by

feeble hands with His blessing, and that He will in His own

good time bestow upon us greater blessings.

When we look back to the rest of the year, we have first

of all every reason to thank God for having kept off another

famine, which seemed to threaten our different Mission-fields

about the middle of the year.

There has been a good deal of sickness among our Mis-

sionaries, three of whom have died during the course of the

year.

Although our numbers have been reduced by death,

sickness and absence on furlough, direct Mission work has

received much attention.

The Educational Department offers some very cheering

features; but the numerical growth of our Congregations has

1;

scarcely risen above the average, and there have been cases

of falls and backslidings to damp the joy inspired by even

this moderate success.

We now proceed to review the work of the past year.

;

|

THE NATIVE CHURCH.

i

1

Converts from Heathenism.

d

Baptisms.

During the past year 135 adults and 62 child-

ren, in all 197 persons have been baptized. Of these 102

,

belong to Malabar, 53 to South-Canara, 41 to South-Mahratta,

06

and 1 to the Nilagiries.

Small as this harvest is, we thank

i

the Lord reverently for His gift and ask Him to keep all

o

these souls in His name.

3*

B

20

There has been an interesting conversion of a young

man, which we have been asked not to notice in detail.

A

second case is that of N. S. John Babu, nephew of the late

Arasappa, founder of the Brahma Samaj, Mangalore.

From

the letter, in which he informs his friends of his change of

religion, we give the following extract:

It is not a sudden change wrought by the impulse of a moment

or a day.

I was a Brahmo for the last 11 years, and I have felt at

various times the necessity of a Saviour.

As a Brahmo I reverenced

But now I am forced to

Jesus of Nazareth, as all Brahmos do.

choose Him as my Saviour, my Lord and my Guide to eternal sal-

vation

0o s o o o o o

I hope and I pray that every Brahmo will not only

reverence Him, but choose Him, as I have done, as a safe Guide to

eternal salvation.

We commit thesé young men to the sanctifying influences

of the Spirit of God. May they overcome the wicked one,

become more and more grounded in the divine truth and

grow daily in the love of Jesus Christ, who of God is made

unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and re-

demption.

We proceed to notice in detail some of the more

remarkable cases of the baptisms above mentioned.

Found at last.

Mr. Wagner of Chombala writes:

In the afternoon of the 18th September we had the joy to add

16 heathens by baptism to the Church at Chombala.

I purpose

giving a short sketch of the life of ome of them, well calculated

to show through what bye-ways sometimes people find their way into

Christ’s flock.

Bheirava was born about 1831 as the second son to a well-to-do

goldsmith in Ambalapula.

He learned something of the Shastras

while at school, and was brought up in the zealous worship of Vishnu

and Shiva.

Through some relations living at Cottayam (a Church

Mission Station), who occasionally called at his father’s, he learned

that there were Christians there, who worshipped an invisible God.

21

After four of his six children had died, the old father was called to

his last account.

On his deathbed he called his sons around him

and thus addressed them: “Children, my time has come, I must at

length yield to fate.

I have got some property by dint of energy;

‘Walk in the good

keep it together.

Stay in your paternal home.

old path of our ancestors.

Do not go to other countries’.

And so

he died.

After his death Bheirava and his elder brother carried on,

as partners, their father’s trade. Bheirava married, but after the

demise of his mother in 1863, he, out of sheer wantonness, as he

says, left home with his wife and a little girl to lead an unsteady

life.

After roaming here and there, he at last settled in Calicut.

Although he heard now and then the Gospel preached, it had no at-

traction for him then.

The birth of two boys in 1870 and 1872

seemed to be the harbinger of prosperity; but in 1873 when his wife

and shortly after his little girl died, the whole family seemed to be

broken up.

The father early in the morning, after having boiled his

kanjee, set out for work leaving the little boys to themselves, and re-

turned only in the evening with some oil, rice, fish and vegetables, to

cook which some sticks, dry leaves and other fuel had to be collected.

The boys awaited anxiously the return of the father, and after their

evening meal retired to rest. This was, so to say, the daily routine.

The boys began gradually to go from house to house to beg food to

appease their hunger. A certain Mohammedan seeing this, either from

compassion or for the sake of making converts, attracted the boys to

d

his quarters and gave them food, thus, according to Hindoo notions,

destroying their caste. Bheirava’s Hindoo neighbours upon this ex-

30

od

communicated him and his sons.*

Deeply sorry as he was, there

was no way to get back into his caste.

Whilst he was doubting

to

whether he should join the Christians, some Mohammedans tried

do

to convert him and at length he consented to be received into their

a5

community. The whole proceeding, and the talismanic Arabic

il

*The penalty inflicted by such excommunication will not be easily realized

il

by European readers.

The person thus punished is not only excluded from the

society of his fellowmen (for if excluded from one caste, he cannot enter an-

ed

od

other), but is scarcely able to exist at all.

. 7}

words he was made to repeat, did not satisfy him, ~When he ques-

tioned the priest whether he might now look forward to pros-

perity and better days, he replied: “There cannot be a shadow of

doubt. Be a staunch Moslem : repeat the watchword of Mohammedan-

ism: give alms; and you shall be happy for ever.” It is with a view

to obtain everlasting bliss that I have become Mohammedan” he said;

yet he did not like either the new Mohammedan dress or his new name;

but comforting himself with the belief, that whatever happens to a

man is settled by fate, he tried to bear his lot as cheerfully as possible.

His new co-religionists provided him with a wife, who ran away from

him after six months.

He married again, but lost his new wife within

2 month from an attack of small-pox. He and his children also

caught the disease; but by a miracle almost they escaped. On his re-

covery he married a third time, but he had to divorce his wife on ac-

count of her violent temper and harshness towards his boys. A re-

lation of his and his elder brother, who came to settle in Calicut,

detested him for his change of religion.

“Had you become a Chris-

tian”, they said, “our grief would be more bearable’”. Ashamed of

himself, he went to try his luck in Ponnany, and afterwards in Tanur,

where he married a fourth time; in fact from 1878 to 1880 he was

a muach married man, one short and miserable marriage following

another.

Disgusted he went back to Calicut and, although invited

by Christians to embrace Christianity, which would put an end to his

peaceless state, he temporized. He left for Wadagara, where he was

prostrated by sickness.

He was reduced to great extremities, him-

self and children being almost dying of hunger.

He applied to a

Mohammedan for an advance of money, which the latter refused to

grant unless Bheirava would sell him his younger boy for two Rupees.

This he at last consented to do.

The child was taken by its new

owner to N. After his recovery Bheirava followed his boy to N. and

at last succeeded with much difficulty in recovering possession of him.

He went next to Tellicherry, thence to Mahé and at last he put up in

Madakara, near Chombala, with the intention of settling down.

Here he heard of the death of his only brother.

The thought of

being the only remaining member of his family, and the reflection

i

on his outer and inner misery, induced him at last to open his heart

to a Christian, whose sympathy greatly moved him.

He then re-

solved to become a Christian.

As his wife objected to follow him,

he divorced her and secretly left Madakara for Chombala with his two

boys, leaving behind him a few tools that he might not excite the sus-

picion of his Mohammedan neighbours. On arriving they presented a

very miserable appearance, being half-starved, clothed in rags with

haggard faces and deep sunken eyes.

They were received on trial ;

whilst the father was working at his profession, his boys attended the

Parochial School in the mornings and worked in the house during the

afternoons. As Bheirava was able to read, he could inquire into the

truth for himself and assist his boys when reading Bible stories to him.

He was not only regular in his attendance at Chapel, but showed a

great desire throughout to understand fully the divine trath, and gave

proofs of a new life. Instead of the hollow Mohammedan Shibboleth,

he took pleasure in committing to memory the Ten Commandments,

the Lord’s Prayer and the Creed; and when called upon on the day

of baptism to publicly confess his faith, he in a plain but solemn

strain rehearsed the Creed.

He has now received an answer to the

question made seven years ago to that Mohammedan priest, and can

say: “I know in whom I have believed” 1. Tim. i. 12.

May he and

his children continue to walk in the light and his life demonstrate

the propriety of his name Satyamitra (lover of the truth).

A brand snatched out of the fire. A4r. Micg of Tellicherry

relates the following, illustrating the long time it takes for

many a man to learn to obey his conscience and to submit

to the will of God.

When our Choyi, a lad belonging to the caste of sea-fishermen,

attended the Vernacular School in his village, his parents had

quite contrary thoughts about a Mission School.

The father con-

sidered it as the stepping-stone to higher education, provided religious

instruction did not make too deep an impression on his boy. The

mother, however, was seized with the fear that the gods might send

f

untoward events on account of this departure from the ways of their

Semmee e

24

ancestors, and, to counteract their displeasure, she gave her boy, as

often as he went to School, a small copper to buy some flowers to be

put on the altar of the gods and to bring holy ashes for her private

devotion.

At first Choyi carried out his mother’s injunection, but

gradually he appropriated part of the money for sweetmeats and

brought ashes from anywhere, which were nevertheless received and

applied by his mother with great devoutness.

After some time Mr. Ch. Miiller gave the Bible lessons himself,

when the attendance became more regular, and the boys evinced a

greater interest in the Bible.

One day he dwelt upon the verse:

“For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and

lose his own soul? or what shall a man give in exchange for his

soul ?”’(Matth. xvi. 26), when Choyi and several other boys resolved to

become Christians. Choyi had no rest till he confessed to his mother

how he had cheated her, but instead of rejoicing, she withdrew

him from school, lest he should become imbued with Christian

principles. Even the father preferred that his boy should be a common

fisher rather than acquire knowledge at the cost of forsaking the gods

:;

and his caste. At the age of twenty-two he married the daughter ofa

man, who had become unfaithful to his Christian calling and relapsed

again into heathenism.

Although himself estranged, he could not

but recommend Christianity to his son-in-law.

After some years

Choyi’s sister and two children had become Christians.

Choyi felt

:‘i

he ought to take the same step. He resisted, however, his inner con-

victions and, to stifle them, became a most devoted worshipper of

a

th

Bhadrakali. After one of those nightly excesses attendant on her

service, he became dangerously ill.

His father-in-law came from a

li

neighbouring place and pressed him to believe in Christ, adding

la

de

baptism was not absolutely required, yet he could not do without be-

lieving in Christ, the Lamb of God, whereby he would become justified

and partaker of everlasting bliss. Choyi called in his distress on the

Lord and vowed that if he should recover, he would openly embrace

tis

Christianity. He had himself carried to the house of his sister, where

A

the Missionary exhorted him not to delay his conversion.

He de-

tOp

ferred partly out of regard for his wife, who threatened to forsake

Uml

25

Ll o

He went back to his house.

After

him along with her children.

some time he had a serious relapse. He knew this was the chastise-

ment for his broken vow and had himself carried again to his Chris-

tian sister.

This time he asked for instruction to be baptized, and

although his wife deserted him with the children, he kept his purpose

and was baptized on the 2nd of September 1881, receiving the name

of Andrew, in the very school in which many years ago he had had

his first convictions.

Of his peaceful end 7. Matthissen further reports:

The day of the baptism of this man was a new appeal to his

caste-men.

When they looked at the broken-down man and heard

the stirring addresses, it was a solemn warning to them not to delay;

and when they beheld the peaceful face of their old comrade, it was

an exhortation to take upon them the gentle yoke of Jesus without

fear and misgiving. As far as Andrew was concerned, it was indeed

I}

high time to be baptized.

He did not live to see many more days;

but he grew in grace.

The more his pains increased, the more

solid became his peace, and the nearer his death drew, the greater be-

On the evening

came his joy and his desire to be with the Lord.

d

before his death we visited him and were much pleased at finding

ot

He smiled at us and said: “All is

him in the enjoyment of peace.

8

well, thank God; the Lord provides; His grace is sufficient for me.”

1t

Many of his heathen caste-men were witnesses of his last struggles,

and by comparing the death of a Christian with that of a Heathen

of

they had a fitting opportunity of finding out the reality of eternal

er

When we accompanied him to his

life through faith in Christ Jesus.

1 4

last rest, the whole village was astir to testify its respect to the

0§

departed.

)0

A narrow escape.

My. Licbendorfer in Tellicherry says:

el

he

Another fisherman Chikképpan received shortly afterwards bap-

tism in Anjercandy.

‘When a boy he attended one of our Schools.

40

o16

About 30 years ago the late M7. febick stirred him up.

He began

to pray in secret and, as his walk was exemplary, he was a welcome

de

umpire in cases of dispute.

He even ventured now and then to

ake

4

e T

96

attend Divine Service, but he had not the'(‘;oui‘age to go farther, being

afraid of his parents, relations and, most of all, his wife.

M)‘. Ol

Miiller, shortly before embarking for Europe, pressed him to decide;

and so did our Principal, the Rev. O. Schott.

Some months later

when a relation of his, the above Andrew, was baptized and the

undecided were urged not to hold any longer between two opinions,

then Chikképpan with two like-minded friends, conscious that he

dared not delay any longer but too timid to stand the different attempts

to shake his resolution, set out for Cannanore to be baptized there.

The party had scarcely reached Cannanore when they were

overtaken by persons sent to forcibly bring them back. His com-

panions became entrapped; he, however, escaped to Anjercandy and

from there sent a letter imploring that he might be baptized before

his pursuers should overtake him.

When he returned after baptism

to his house, he was received with great abuse. His children shunned

him, and his wife refused to acknowledge him any longer as her

husband. Nay inorder to show him that she was in earnest, she left

the place for Calicut accompanied by her children.

May the Lord

uphold the sorely tried man that he may not become weak but fight

the good fight of faith, and overcome.

We have seen many temporizers, who instead of learning

a lesson from others, who delayed the decisive step till it was

“too late”, and who instead of taking a timely warning to

E

declare themselves for Christ, flatter themselves that their

i

upright intentions entitle them to special forbearance on God’s

f]

part, so that they may join the people of God whenever it suits

D

their own convenience,.

Let such persons take a warning

I

from the foregoing cases and consider the weight of the words:

f

€)

“To-day if you will hear His voice, harden not your heart”.

Catechumens.

The present number of Catechumens is 282,

0of

being somewhat below the usual average.

4

1

Various are the ways 1 whick they have been led to seck

Sor admussion into the Christian Church.

hi

.

ha}

21

R

Froxﬁ fear of Demons. South of Udapy, as Mr. Ritter reports,

a family has joined us, who for years were exceedingly zealous in

serving Demons (Bhitas).

They had in the yard of their dwell-

ing several small fanes filled with brazen idols, and in the neigh-

bouring grove an image of an ogre, eight feet high, a life-size bull,

several snake-stones and other marks of devotion.

Even the inhabi-

tants of their village did homage and brought sacrifices to the demo-

niac host.

In spite of all this the Demons were not reconciled—

nay it seemed that the more sacrifices this family brought the more

the Bhitas were venting their spite and malice by sending them sick-

ness and death. Thoroughly exhausted and terrified, lest the Bhatas

should utterly ruin them, they have taken refuge with us for the pre-

Nohe?

sent. They cling with a certain superstitious anxiety to us, thinking

to be thus best guarded against the revenge of the evil spirits.

No

e

wonder, when in certain localities of ChristianEurope, the fear of ghosts

Where faith and saperstition

has such a hold on people’s minds.

are so interwoven, time is required to try the sincerity of the new-

comers.

May they learn to look away from men to Jesus Christ,

who delivers those, who through fear of death have been all their

b

life-time subject to bondage.

Taught by a leper.

Mr. Knobloch informs us, that two of the

g

Calicut Catechumens are inmates of the lazaretto for lepers.

These

i)

t0

poorest of the poor evidence a great longing after salvation. To plant

this into their hearts God has made use of a leprous Canarese Chris-

i

tian from Mangalore. This man is an old patient of the Leper Hos-

's

He used to

pital and kept up some intercourse with our Christians.

1t

read and translate his Canarese New Testament regularly to his

ng

fellow-sufferers, and towards the end of the year two Malayalis

I

expressed their wish to become Christians.

Through the kindness

ti

of the Doctor in charge of the Hospital, permission has been

84

granted them to attend Church regularly and to receive baptismal

instruction.

From time to time the leper guru in company of

lcbk

his two disciples comes to our porch.

It is then touching to see their

happy faces. May he find imitators.

4%

28

A disappointed enquirer.

Mr. Weismann in Chovva relates the

case of a young Tiyan, who had joined him saying: “I wish from my

heart to know and to adore the true God.” When the step he had

taken became known, a number of his caste-men came to our place

to talk him over.

“I have not become your enemy’ he replied, “I

do not believe in our Demons and idols. There is only one true God,

whom I long to know and to serve. If I believe in Jesus Christ, whom

the Christians know and to whom they pray, my soul shall attain

bliss, when I die.”

Shortly after his mother came in great excitement, tearing her

hair and beating her breast, exclaiming: “Oh my son, my youngest

son, my dear one, do you intend to be the death of your mother?’”

He bravely answered: “I shall always be a dutiful son to you; half

my earnings shall be yours, as long as you live. Do not, however, ex-

pect me to go back to the worship of Bhitas.

I have done with

sacrificing to blind and dumb idols.

Join me and we both shall be

happy together.”

Two days afterwards, when all the adults of our settlement had

h

left either for the Weaving Establishment in Cannanore or for other

work and nobody suspected violence, whilst on his way to School he

W

was waylaid and carried off by a band of men.

Although he and

the School-children raised their voices erying for help, no Christians

1]

were near enough to come to the rescue.

He has thus disappeared

&)

most mysteriously; we have not the slightest clue as to bis where-

§

abouts.

May God keep the poor man from every thing hurtful to

W

b(?dy and soul and help him to confess Christ some day or other.

€y

2. Outer and inner Growth.

Increase.

I}

Last year 197 heathens were converted, 287

thy

Christian children baptized, and 32 persons restored to full

for

church-membership, making in all an increase of 516 souls.

1

Against this increase of number stand the following losses:

21 persons left for districts beyond our control, 137 died, and

i |

29 |

e

138 were excommunicated, making a total of .296, so that

the net increase amounts to only 220 souls*.

Reduction.

Looking at the preceding figures, the mind is

painfully impressed with the decrease in numbers, we suffered

last year from excommunications, being nearly 2 per cent.

We comprehend under this head a most trying loss of a

twofold nature.

The one means exclusion from church-

membership by the Presbyters on account of grave moral

offences, the other comprises self-exclusion from the Christian

Church by repudiation of Christianity and relapse into

heathenism. Fully a half of the excommunicated belong to

this class. Painful as both these cases are, the first one is

generally of a more hopeful nature.

The latter kind being

often the outcome of long meditation and deliberate harden-

ing of heart, has mostly very little promising reform.

Relapses into heathenism have occurred in the South-

Mahratta and Tulu countries.

Messrs. Ziegler from Dharwar

)8

and Grossmann from Guledgud, report each of two families,

17

who had come during the famine and sought for re-admission

d

into their respective castes.

They were however refused,

it

and form now a caste of their own!

Regretted as their

ol

secession is, they have not fulfilled the expectations which

were entertained of them since their baptism. Sadder how-

{0

ever are the cases reported from the Tulu country.

My. Oft of Mulky writes:

have been re-admitted into their former caste.

Two families

They pretended that, owing to their poverty they were unable to get

i8|

their daughters married, but now heathen husbands having been

found, the burden has been taken off their shoulders.

The true

all

reason is, however, their dislike to work and our refusing gratuitous

115

*Of our 19 Stations 2 remained stationary, 5 had a décrease of 90, and 12

05

llld

an increase of 310 souls, the net increase amounting thus to 220,

30

e

.

support to idle persons.

As such examples are catching, some base

characters, thinking we had become pliable and intimidated by

such secessions, threatened to re-embrace heathenism, unless we

come to their rescue with a bag of money! We have placed them

under discipline.

They will soon learn that Christianity is not going

a begging for true followers, and as for us, we know that Christ hath

said: “No man can come to me, except the Father, which hath sent

me, draw him.” John vi. 44.

Mr. Ritter in Udapy reports:

Two families, whom we have tried hard for 8 years to lead to

Christ, and a family, who 5 years ago had been baptized without suf-

ficient trial, have backslided into heathenism.

Most distressing,

however, is the case of a man, who left his wife, his nine children

and other Christian relations.

He had been married according to

the Christian rite 25 years ago, but, goaded on by a strange infatua-

tion, he had himself re-admitted into his former caste and was married

i

the same day to a heathen girl.

We deeply deplore these heavy

falls.

May God grant the fallen grace to arise and return to their

fa

Father with a penitent heart.

t

Besetting sins.

These differ according to nationality, cha-

W

Ct‘

racter, former surroundings, education and other reasons.

al

The difficulty, some experience in understanding the failings

of our native brethren, is greatly due to their not taking

(0

sufficiently into account these factors, and whenever the short-

be

comings of some are generalized, it is either done under un-

favourable impressions of the moment or from a too limited

Dla

intercourse with Native Christians.

In saying this, we do

Na

not wish to extenuate sin; we try to set it in the proper

the

light.

S0y

Whosoever knows a little of the religious belief of the

lng

Dravidians soon finds out, that demonolatry conjointly with

by

sorcery is the chief moving power, the Brahminical religion

the

yielding only the outward gloss to that system.

We have the

Py

B

31

sorrowful duty to record several cases of sorcery in our

Malabar and Tulu Churches.

All these refer to sickness.

Either the astrologer was called to use his spells and charms,

or a medicine prepared under incantations was administered.

More alarming still is the case of a sick young married woman,

who was carried at night to the house of a heathen, where a

sacrifice was brought to the Demons.

The most distressing

occurrence is the one, where the only son of an old Christian

The father called for an astrologer to enquire

family took ill.

into the cause, and on learning, that it was owing to the ill-

will of his Christian neighbour, he informed the Missionary

3

of 1it.

Although he, conjointly with the Presbytery, did his

1l

best to dissuade him from resorting to counter-charms and

{0

offered to pray with him, the whole family left one day at

midnight to perform certain sacrifices and ceremonies before

od

(Y

the idol of a Demon, and on being reproved, the head of the

family contended that nothing foreign to the spirit of Chris-

)

tianity had taken place.

When such cases come to our notice

we are forcibly reminded of Paul’s word to the Corinthians:

|

“What fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness?

1§

and what communion hath light with darkness? and what

)08

concord hath Christ with Belial?

or what part hath he that

g

believeth with an infidel ?”

(. Cor. vi. 14, 15.)

i

Native tom-tom, singing, theatricals and different kinds of

un:

plays form such a large component of the pastime of heathen

ted

Natives that Christians find it now and then hard to withstand

do

the temptation of joining in. At one of our Canarese Stations

)pef

some matrons with their daughters and daughters-in-law went

in a party to spend a night at a Native Theatre.

The na-

the

ture of these plays, the time when they are performed, and

\\’iﬂl

the surroundings are in themselves highly objectionable.

The

g100

prime movers had not ‘only momentarily forgotten their for-

e

32

R,

mer experience, but also that they had “renounced the devil

and all his works and the vain pomp and glory of the world.”

Of Christians seeking diversion at a /eathen festival, Mr.

Thumm writes as follows:

A famous Swami of the Lingaites, called Kare Basava (the black

bull), who had been living in a cloister (Matha) between Gadag and

Bettigerry, died suddenly last April.

The Lingaites, to mark the

esteem in which they held him, celebrated a pompous feast (jatre)

the following month during three days by the dragging of an idol-

§

car, music, wrestling and other pastimes.

There was a large concourse of people, to whom we were preaching

morning and evening. When the feast was over, I learned to my

0

great grief, that many of our Christians did not withstand the tempta-

h

tion of mixing freely with the crowd and diverting themselves in the

1§

exhibition of idolatrous practices. Foreseeing the temptation coming

8

on, I had taken special pains on some of the previous Sundays to

sk

shew our Christians the incompatibility of Christianity with heathen

I\

ceremonies.

I felt therefore much cut up at their responding so

4\

little to my appeal and at their encouraging the heathen, whom we

Wa

had exhorted to bid farewell to their sinful ways.

‘When Sunday

came round, to shew the guilty party how deeply affected I felt

through their disobedience and how impossible it was to serve two

the

masters, I waited to officiate in

.. Church till they had expressed

gte

their wish for divine service. When they had understood that going

ext

to a heathen feast for their pastime and attending Church for their

e

edification are diametrically opposed to each other, and sent a depu-

One

tation asking me to conduct the service, I repaired to Church. I first

lllg

read and then shortly explained Rev. iii. 14-18; 1.Cor. v. 6-8;

x. 19-23; 1. Cor. vi. 14-18; xi. 2, 3, and Hebr. xiii. 7

I then

1

asked whether any body wished to speak.

Jared, the Catechist, res-

I a)

ponded by reading Joshua xxiv. 13-28, when one of the men, who

h()m.

had not been at the feast, in behalf of the transgressors, expressed

he

ld

their sorrow at their having grieved God and me, desiring pardon

theyy

Hou\

and promising not to love the world nor t}%at which is of the world,

g

—_—

33

but to follow the Lord

‘We then knelt down together and humbled

ourselves before the face of Almighty God, asking Him to pardon our

sins and to receive us again into His fellowship. Three more prayers

of humiliation were offered

I concluded the meeting with a short

exhortation

The Lord was mightily in our midst

May He keep

us all to follow His footsteps

After the foregoing digression, our readers may well ask

whether we have any real good to show in our 50 larger and

smaller Congregations with their 7557 full Church-members

Religious Life

Conscious that the word of the Lord unto

Samuel

8

«“the Lord seeth not as man seeth: for man looketh

on the outward appearance, but the Lord looketh on the

\

heart” 1. Sam. xvi. 7, finds its full application when an attempt

we

e

is made to characterize the religious life of thousands

g

submit but reluctantly to the duty incumbent on us of

fo

sketching some of the results of the Gospel of Jesus Christ

en

And indeed we are thankful that we can report, that God has

80

given the increase of that which has been planted and

We

watered by our Brethren.

lay

Many a soul has passed from death unto life and esteems

felt

{10

the Word of God as his highest treasure, and prayer as his

greatest privilege

Of these it can be said to a certain

)Sed

ing

extent, that “the word of Christ dwells richly with them, (and

jieit

we hope also in all wisdom), and that they teach and admonish

one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, sing-

p\l

ﬁrﬂt

ing with grace in their hearts to the Lord” (Col. iii. 16), be it

or in the

633

in their family morning and evening devotions

fhed

prayer-meetings which by turns are held at their different

108

homes

The esteem, in which the Word of God and prayer are

ho

held in their private lives, is also seen in the regularity of

essed

their attendance and their earnestness at public worship. The

ardﬂn

House of God is amiable to them; they listen to the preaching

Wolld

5

34

of the Word, not in that common-place manner to be found

in an average Native, but full of interest, so that the preacher

feels that his message is well received, and they join heartily

also in the prayers and hymns of the service.

The spirit of caste will now and then lift up its head,

especially when large numbers from outside are added to the

Church. It is then that the new-comers have to be taught,

according to Matthew xv. 12-20, what defileth, and old Chris-

tians, in accordance with Rom. 14, have to be exhorted to

forbear with the weak brother.

But on the whole we are glad

to see how brotherly love is on the increase, which shows itself

in visiting the sick, gratuitous night-watches in cases of severe

sickness, and in other acts of charity.

Instead of the spirit

of caste, that of fellowship in the Church of Christ gains

;:

ground gradually.

They also know it is their duty to bring

the Gospel to their heathen neighbours and acquaintances or

{

any other person whom they may come across.

Small though

the number of such fellow-workers may be, we know that

I

the conversion of many a heathen dates back to the favorable

influence exercised on them by simple yet warm-hearted men

and women.

They may perhaps be wanting in skill, but some

§

are more than mere apologists; they know in whom they have

I |

believed, and therefore they speak out of love for their Heavenly

i

Master.

)

Before quitting this subject we ought to notice a cheering

(ol

occurrence in one of our small Canarese churches, reported

81

by Mr. Thumm. He says:

i

The tender crops, which had been sown later this year, were in

o

danger of being destroyed through the long drought that had set in,

when our Christians united in Chapel in order to entreat the Lord

UF

earnestly for a sign of His favour in granting them rain. Some hea-

P;

thens also had joined them. When they went to prayer the sky was

8¢

35

S L

bright and clear. On leaving Chapel they found a fog had settled on

the land and a fine drizzling rain was falling fast. They were taken

aback and rejoiced heartily at the token of merey, the Lord had

vouchsafed them. Some heathens, seeing the prosperous fields, were

greatly surprised; but when they learned that it was in answer to

prayer of the Christians, they replied: “We always bore a grudge to

the Missionaries and the Christians: now only do wg see that the

village was benefited by them.”

Moral Life.

If all, who stand in our Baptismal Registers

were living Christians, the word of Paul, 11. Cor. 1ii. 2-3: «“Ye are

!

our epistle written in our hearts, known and read of all men;

forasmuch as ye are manifestly declared to be the epistle

of Christ ministered by us, written not with ink, but with the

i

Spirit of the living God”—might be said of them also in full

1>

truth. In spite of many shortcomings we may say without

5

exaggeration, that the moral standard our Christians have

!

attained is gradually rising.

I

When a person knows that he is washed in the precious

ab

blood of Christ and has become a child of God, the self-esteem

e

which prevents him from descending to a lower level, has been

gl

acquired and, assisted by the Spirit of God, he will keep him-

no

gelf unspotted from the world.

We have had many an op-

(g

portunity of seeing how our people exercise a sort of healthy

1])

discipline among themselves and assist to a great measure the

Ministers. When, for instance, Presbyters or Elders are to be

i

chosen their moral character is taken more and more into con-

ed

sideration, or when a brother walks disorderly and a prayer-

meeting is to be held at his house, there are those, who object

to such a dovetailing of unprincipledness and religion.

y 11

We know of an instance where two women, who had kept

‘, iy

up a long standing feud in spite of the exhortations of their

xOrd

Pastor, have become reconciled, and when one of them took

164

was

sick, her former antagonist came to attend upon her.

5¥

36

—_—

In another place a weaver, who, whilst a heathen, was

the terror of his village, has been so far reformed by Divine

grace that even his former caste-men must confess that some-

thing new has been wrought in him. He is willing rather to

suffer loss than impose upon his customers.

(1

In the Iqorals of the married life there is a marked

f

progress. The Gospel in combination with Christian education

i

raises the woman both in the eyes of her own and that of the

0

sterner sex. A woman among Christians is becoming less and

h

less regarded as a mere commodity to be disposed of according

a

to the whims and freaks of parents and relations; her inclin-

1

Wi

ations are consulted, and so are those of the young man. Thus

much misery is avoided. True esteem, affection and matri-

it

monial fidelity adorn most homes; and it is a pleasure to see

the reflex of this happiness in the rising generation.

Only a

th

parent striving after moral perfection and amenable to correc-

pe

tion, has also the courage to submit his child to discipline.

861

Such children are regular attendants at School and at the

ch

House of God, and are generally well behaved.

Thriftiness. Many of our Christians, who when they came

0y

over from heathenism to join us, had left behind them every

fur

thing either from too great a liberality or from necessity, or

g

who had otherwise come destitute, or, being orphans, had to

age

forego, their wholelifetime, the privilege of enjoying the family-

Par

circle—formerly gave us a good deal of pain, as they lived

Sch

regardless of the past and future.

This recklessness was an

81d¢

enemy, against which our Missionaries waged a long war,

By

our Industrial Establishments bearing their honest share; and

Wit}

now we are glad to see our exertions rewarded by degrees

1§ f

and to find that with all the more solid persons a certain

O

thriftiness is gaining ground, the lowest aspiration consisting

thej

in acquiring a house of their own.

Our Principal in address-

Chy

37

——

ing different Congregations dwelt especially on this point.

We have before us the short resumé of his address delivered

in a very enfeebled state of body at Chombala, given by

Myr. Walter.

He said:

The Home Committee were most anxious that the Christians

collected by the exertion of the Missionaries, they had sent, and by

the Native labourers, they have employed, should learn more and

more how necessary it was for them to earn their bread independent

of the Mission, and how the heads of families should try to get a

|

house and property and to make provision for their own kith and kin

The healthiness of a Christiun’s

d

according to the Word of God.

inner life depends more on this provident mind than people generally

B

will allow.

The spiritual life is only healthy and normal where the

material life is most independent of external proppings.

29

Charity. The different Congregations subscribe towards

the support of the poor in their midst.

The charity is dis-

pensed by the Presbyteries under the Superintendence of the

several Pastors.

Also the most pressing wants of poor Cate-

he

chumens are relieved by the Church.

Contributions.

The contributions are either for zmzner or

outer Mission Work. The former go to the respective Church-

ne

\ry

funds, the latter are made over to the General Fund of the

Mission.

The different Church-funds again, according to the

or

age, size and abilities of a Congregation, are made to bear

t0

part of the burden incurred in connection with Churches and

Iy

Schools.

This contribution is yearly increased with due con-

ol

sideration of all the circumstances.

So that, whereas some

an

ary

Evangelical Missionary Societies put down a number of years

within which the monetary assistance of the Parent Society

nd

is to cease, reducing the grant year by year, we work in the

065

ol

opposite direction by causing the Congregations to increase

their contributions, without, however, fixing the time when a

10§

Church #ust provide for its ecclesiastical and educational

088

e

38

wants, as we are afraid to force on development, hoping by

God’s help to reach the desixfed goal in due time nevertheless.

Self-activity. As it is necessary for a Church to be self-sup-

porting, equally so is self-activity necessary for its real pros-

perity. The mother to Missionary zeal is that brotherly love

which shows itself in sympathy and acts of charity. About the

Church-members we have spoken before.

What concerns our

Native Elders, we are thankful to say, many of them take the

Presbyters of the Apostolic Church for an example.

Although

mostly hard worked, and with large families, which demand

their attention, they cheerfully serve the Church by devoting

to it their time and strength. They assist the Pastors as almo-

t

ners, peace-makers and sympathising friends of the sick,

L

widows and orphans.

Furthermore our Congregations are

taught the important lesson that they must accustom them-

N

selves to have their spiritual wants supplied more and more

T

by our Native Assistants. Where there are no Native Pastors,

fe

the Catechists are required to conduct Divine Service, to give

1

spiritual advice, to relieve the poor, and to do other duties

li

usually falling to the lot of the Pastor.

On this point we let

some of our Missionaries speak for themselves. 4r. Grossmann

i

)

thy

in Guledgud writes:

hil

The relation between us and those committed to our charge is

confidential.

lay

They bring all their concerns before the Missionary,

lig

mostly, I am sorry to say, referring to material wants,

‘We have

n

accustomed them to apply to the Catechist and the Elders and, only

in case of need, to the Missionary. Thus much time is saved and ean

lip

it

be employed in weightier matters.

the

Mr. Knobloch of Calicut reports:

m]d

My Native helper has assisted me in instructing the Catechumens,

lot

visiting the sick, preaching to the Congregation and especially also

in dispensing alms to the poor of the Congregation.

He has had to

Cong

ST e

39

do his duty through good and evil report, and has been sometimes

tempted to lose heart in the worry, but has found that perseverance

secures the victory.

And as we know that power increases through

exercise, we shall put each successive year more and more of the

necessary burden on the shoulders of our Native helpers and

thus approximate'to our final aim of producing a self-dependent

Native Church.

6

3. New Undertakings.

h

We have still to say a few words on two or three points

d

touched upon in our last report.

1

The Wynaad Mission. /7. Lawffer, whose having been sta-

0

tioned to Manantoddy was mentioned in page 42, has held regu-

k,

lar English and Vernacular Services when at head-quarters,

\16

and during his preaching tours looked up the Evangelical

Native Christians, who live dispersed throughout Wynaad.

JY

The better part of these are thankful for the ministry and

18

feel themselves to be a community.

Those, however, who

176

impatient of control, have come for the enjoyment of more

168

liberty, shun and avoid the Missionary. When we look to the

Jet

spiritual good accruing to the Christian and Heathen Natives

i

through a Mission, every one must heartily hope for the sta-

bility of the work. Our Home Committee, looking at the

o

large tract of country in Malabar, which is still to be evange-

lized, have, though reluctantly, placed a Malayalam Missionary

aLYs

have

in charge.

They are willing to provide for the Missionary

ool

himself, but expect the extra expenses attending on a Wynaad

] cal

Mission to be borne by the Europeans in those regions.

As

the contributions for this purpose have hitherto been very

small, the question must at length arise whether they are

menS,

not to withdraw their agent.

Chapel in Padur.

This Chapel has been finished and was

7 glso

ad f0

consecrated to the service of God on the 29th of May. We

— e

40

desire to tender herewith our heartiest thanks to all who

have assisted us in accomplishing this work

Out-Station Karwar

The chronic unsatisfactory state, i

which our Principal found the little flock at Karwar, has ne-

cessitated the withdrawal of the resident agent

The place

1s, however, visited from time to time by one of the Honore

Missionaries

“The Lord knoweth them that are His, and

let every one that nameth the name of Christ depart from

iniquity” (1. Tim. ii. 19) is our exhortation to this small

community.

11

EVANGELIZATION

There has been much fever among the European and Native

{

labourers in the South-Mahratta country, and the staff of

I

Europeans has been reduced during the year by 5 Ordained

and 2 Industrial Missionaries

On the other hand we had an

)

W

access of 6 Native helpers

i

In spite of the disadvantages mentioned above

every

nerve has been strained to save as much time as possible for

and to devote it to, direct preaching to the heathen

Much

la]

has been done either at head-quartérs or when Out-Stations

were visited by our Missionaries, Pastors and Catechists to

Sey,

make known the Gospel, be it by Bazaar-preaching at stated

‘S

(ua

days and hours, or friendly house-to-house visits, which we

have not attempted to tabulate.

chig

With

To give, however, a slight idea of what has been done, the

following list will best speak for itself.

Comparing the sum total with that of the past year, there

taxt

genf

are for Missionaries 110 days less

but for Native Itinerating

Preachers and Catechists 504 more, making in round numbers

Steeg

Iy

400 days more

Qeek

e

41

Missionaries

Native Itiner.

Catechists

Total

(days)

Preachers (days)

(days)

South-Canara

185

634

819

North-Canara

310

341

151

802

Coorg

95

93

13

201

South-Mahratta

206

348

554

Malabar

352

373

2456

3181

Nilagiris

e

131

132

s e

263

1249

807

3734

5820

North- and South-Canara have had about 100, Coorg some

50, South-Mahratta about 40, and Malabar 220 days more

than last year.

The Nilagiris only have had a less share of

itinerating preaching than in former years; the number of

days this year being 25 fewer than last.

This is not said to

f

lead to odious comparisons, but to stimulate all to a healthy

d

prosecution of this important branch of Mission work. We

il

will now give our friends some extracts from the Diaries and

Reports of our Missionaries, and begin with the

Iy

Nilagiris.

Extract from the Diary of Afr. Stokes whilst

Ly

labouring near Nerkambe with two Native helpers.

o

In Ketithore we came across a Badaga, who had served under

i

several Christian gentlemen and received many good impressions.

to

“Sir”, he said, when I spoke to him, “the bottle is as it were three

ed

quarters full; only a little more is wanting.”

I am afraid just the

e

chief thing, a broken heart and a contrite spirit is wanting in him as

with so many of his class.

the

Near Hullikall is a pretty large newly built village, the inhabi-

tants of which had been living formerly in Karkawade, where a

gentleman owns a large coffee- and tea-plantation. Several of them,

1616

ng

greedy of money, had sold their lands, so that at last the whole com-

munity, for want of grazing grounds, were forced to sell the rest and

ot

seek for a new settlement. Their temple, the fane of Rangaswami,

6

PR

42

is still in its old spot quite neglected. Pointing to it one of our hearers

remarked

“l am unable to make out that our God did not prevent

our lands from passing into the hands of the Europeans; if so, his

temple would be still well attended.”

In Denele, which looks down upon our Nerkambe Chapel, an old

man told me, he was making daily obeisance in the morning towards

the little Chapel. Oh, that he would listen to our invitation to come

and worship the true God in it!

‘We went to the harvest-feast in Kartur, which has a Mahilinga

temple

This is said to have been built in a place, where a cow

f

let drop her milk of her own accord, a story which is told about all

p1

the other Mahalinga temples on the Hills

The unconcernedness of

Vi

the people, their blind zeal in falling down at the doors of two small

fa

temples, where they pay their vows and make new ones, and the airs

which the Kurumba priest assumed—all this roused sad feelings

in us

T

‘When we came to “Woodlands”, a coffee-plantation 10 miles

th

Or

South of Kaity, we were kindly received and had the pleasure of

thy

addressing the Coolies there and at several other plantations morn-

ings or evenings

Two Lord’s days Divine Service was celebrated

I‘el

fag

The former party in the Thuneri district, is described by

an

Catechist 7. Nerkamb:

We went to Kapichi

A woman overhearing our address, fell in

and said

ang

‘If any of our dead ancestors would come back and tell us

about the other world, we should believe.”” We related the parable

of Dives and Lazarus., and she was convinced

When I told the

$pol

small party, I was addressing, how I had been worshipping formerly

tong

a Linga, and S¢las, the Evangelist, alluded to his having parted with

fith

his Brahminical string, they said: “These men have been formerly

age

idolaters as we now are; they have seen the folly of their ways and

only

hit on a new track,” and seemed to doubt about their idolatrous ways

Comy

In Bengallu a young man, after having listened attentively to

Prop

our address, came privately to me and enquired whether all, who

to t}

“Cer-

embrace Christianity, are in the receipt of a salary (sambala)

he'j

43

SR

tainly not, only those engaged by the Mission, receive monthly sala-

ries; the others are tilling the ground as you do, or attend to any

other work. We have not become Christians in order to get a salary,

but to obtain salvation.”

“But say a poor man joins you!” “Has he

not got two legs and two arms?”’ ¢ Well, yes, he can do work ; but he

8

may be deeply involved in debt.”” “Let him come and as a Christian

6

do what is in his power to pay off his debts.

God will not forsake

such a man.””—When we reached Murto a woman asked greatly con-

i)

cerned, whether in the world to come there is a Nadu (country) similar

W

to the one she now inhabits.

The same question has been asked re-

ll

peatedly in all earnestness, especially by women.

We afterwards

of

visited a Kota village, where a woman, on hearing the name of my

ll

father, lamented over my having lost caste.

1§

In Kunnoor we explained to some people the picture of the flood.

128

The headman, one of the party, told us, there was a legend among

them, that it once rained blood, and then the world was immersed.

Jes

Only two human beings were saved in a hollow gourd.

God seeing

of

them, asked them: “Who are you?”’ “We are brother and sister,” they

11

replied; then God bade them separate without looking into each other’s

ed

face. They did so, when God changed them and made them husband

and wife.

)

From these two men the whole human race has sprung.

Descending next into Wynaad, let us accompany Ar. Lawjfer,

and hear what he has to tell us:

| in

] us

When we leave Manantoddy, in which different languages are

ghle

spoken, and visit the valleys or the jungle, we find Malayalam is the

e

tongue of the resident Natives.

On the Coffee-Estates, however,

jerly

either Malayalam or Canarese or Tamil may be the dominant langu-

W ith

age

Besides Nayas, Tiyas, Mapillas and other castes, which have

netly

only settled down of late, there are Nayas, whose ancestors have

s gl

come long ago.

They claim much of the country as their freehold

“ra}'Sn

property (janma) and the inhabitants as their dependents.

Next

to them rank the Kurichiyas, a manly race with exemplary morals.

,l\ {0

7 o

Then follow the Mullakurumbas, where the males resemble more

(fer

The Kurumbas,

the Tiyas, and the females those of lower castes.

6*

44

e

who may be placed next, look frail and are considered servants to

all

Lower than these stands a slave-caste, the Paniyas, a weak,

timid, ignorant and thievish race.

At the bottom of the ladder we

find the Adiyas, a most ignorant caste of slaves, as their name

bespeaks.

I have made excursions as far as Sultan’s battery, Veithiri, Mepadt,

Tirunelli and other places, visiting on my way thither all the inter-

mediate villages, when I tried to stir up lukewarm Christians and to

reach the hearts of heathens.

I have seen different castes in different

places.

The attention, nay even surprise with which the Gospel was

listened to, amply repaid me and my companion for all our exer-

tions.

Once, whilst it rained heavily, we reached a clearing in the

f

jungle, where the Mullakurumbas had a settlement.

They prepared

a place for me to sit on, some twenty men collected round me, the

I related to them the life of

women standing at some distance.

Christ, beginning with his miraculous birth. They were all ear.

I

When

talked for one hour, and the Catechist fully half an hour.

i

they were told that God’s will was written in a book, that we had

fs

the whole revelation of God, that it was translated into Malaya-

I

lam, and that a whole Bible cost but one Rupee, one of them brought

8

a Rupee and laid it together with a Malayalam Bible into my hands,

10

asking me to ratify the bargain.

I took the Rupee and handed him

the Bible solemnly, with the hearty wish that it may be a light

(U1

leading him and his companions to God and to the bliss wrought out

g

by Jesus Christ.

In another place a purblind Kurichiya seemed

¢h;

so overjoyed at the word he heard, thathe refused to accept payment

Sp(

for a fowl I had asked from him for my dinner.

(o

Up here there is a glorious work to be done.

‘Whoso will under-

the

take it, must give farewell to comfort, and seek for the lost in the

oug

sultry valleys, the poisonous jungles and steaming morasses, and his

exertions shall be repaid.

Iy

Leaving North-Wynaad we have to ascend into:

Suh)

() 1

Coorg. Mr. Datmelhuber reports:

Wy,

We went to Ponampete, 13 miles South-East of Virarajéendrapet,

In

45

—

where I was glad to get a small but comfortable place to put up at

for a few days.

‘We preached in the bazaar.

‘When we had done,

different objections had to be answered.

Looking out for some

0

Coorg houses, I found a few about 2 or 3 miles from here. They

are so far apart, that we cannot visit many of them in one day.

He was very hospitable,

h

'We called upon an old well-to-do Coorg.

but entirely unfavourable to the Christian religion: “Till now,”’

t0

he began, “the Coorgs have been faithfully observing the precepts

i

of their ancestors, and they intend doing so in fature also. In fact, no

as

respectable Coorg can meditate the step of embracing Christianity.”

It is acknowledged, that we spread “good ideas,” inculcate good

T

he

principles, resist injustice and are bent to raise the people.

Beyond

ol

this acknowledgment few go.

the

Next we went to Udikery.

This is neither a village nor a

of

bazaar; two Cutcheries, a Government School, and the houses

of some officials in the midst of the jungle is all you find to answer

60

that mame.

In the neighbouring valleys, however, many Coorg-

farmers live.

Their houses seem buried among trees and lie

had

round the rice-fields at the bottom of the valley. The reader may

i

lght

guess how long such a straggling village may be and by what

round-about ways the houses are to be reached.

At the first house

ﬂds7

I seized

him

I visited, preparations were being made for a marriage.

on the opportunity to show them how much depended on beginning

ight

oul

married life with God and how improper it was to marry mere

children.

I was surprised to hear of the large amount of money

med

spent on such occasions.

When I pointed out, how unwise it was to

ment

contract debts in order to celebrate a marriage in a grand style,

the farmer replied, that he could not be the first to forsake old

pder

customs.

g the

In one of the next houses the owner warmly defended idolatry.

4 his

I read to him Isaiah xI.

He was evidently carried away by the

sublime language of the prophet, yet when asked to bid farewell

to idolatry, he replied: “Should we give up this also, what would re-

main to us?

I cannot believe that idolatry is only deception.”

In spite of such and similar answers people are glad at our visits

46

L

and conversation; and therefore we feel encouraged to work on.

May the Lord fill Coorg also with His knowledge.

Room forbids our saying more.

We must, however, still

mention the Cooly-Mission for North Coorg. My. F. Veil says:

On the 31st of March 1881, the second year of the Cooly-Mission

closed.

Although there was a falling off in a few donations on

account of the bad harvest, I am thankful to mention that the income

amounted to Rs. 413.

We have been permitted access to 26

smaller and larger plantations, which have been visited six or seven

times during the year under review.

The number of coolies, who

of their own accord came to listen to our preaching, may amount to

3,000, or if we multiply them by our visits, we may say we have had

o

about 20,000 attendants.

D]

[

My. Daimelhuber writes in the yearly report:

Up to September Mr. F. Veil attended to this branch of Mission-

€l

s

work ; since then I have taken charge.

The Catechist J. Upranna

is our assistant.

tp

The planters, whether proprietors or superinten-

dents, have assisted and encouraged us in many ways.

We tender

to

W

them our hearty thanks for their help and earnestly hope they will

further enable us to carry on this good work.

As regards the

Coolies, men as a rule show more attention than women.

Now and

then they will put questions especially in moon-light nights, when they

the

enjoy sitting down after their meals chewing their betel.

Only some

of them know how to read.

This accounts for their forgetfulness

hip

ﬂ.leJ

and the shallowness of their impressions.

Yet the time is not

req[

thrown away, but spent on a work done in hope.

Sily,

gith,

Concerning a Cooly-Mission in South-Coorg, Mr. F. Veil

hopes it can be set on foot towards the end of 1882.

May it

ang

thep

be prosperous.

$peg

Let us now proceed to South;Mahfatta.

Mr. Grossmann of Guledgud reports:

the 0

[

In the middle of May, a feast was celebrated in honour of Moki-

fhey

navu, the patron of this town, which seems to be a form of Kali,

nat It

47

Her image is a rude pyramidical stone besmeared with oil, the lower

She is said

part covered with a Shire, the cloth of a Native woman.

to have power over sickness, murrain and other plagues, and has

two temples here, one of them on the top of a hill. To propitiate her,

every three years bloody and unbloody sacrifices are brought. In case

of pestilential sicknesses, however, processions take place whenever

they rage, and then presents of Shires for the goddess are given,

which the priest considers as his due.

Owing to the distress and

poverty caused by the late famine, the feast could not come off for

1

eight years. It was thereforeto be expected that it would be celebrat-

10

ed this time with much splendour.

The feast began with the deca-

t0

pitation of 8 buffaloes and 200 sheep and goats, which were killed

i

at the lower temple; the heads heaped up in front of it, with the

The

blood spilled on the ground, emitted a most offensive smell.

carcasses were given to men of the lower castes, and the heads at the

end of the feast were strewed round the base of the hill for several

Il

it

days. Deafening music in the mornings and in the evenings was kept

up, accompanied by dancing.

In the afternoons thousands collected

it

to witness the wrestling matches, when the victors were rewarded

dor

with prizes.

gill

Myr. Warth writes:

the

We proceeded to Guddur, a pretty large village.

‘We stayed

and

there in the temple of a god called Hullappa, meaning “strawy fa-

hey

ther?”,

He is not made up of straw, however, else he might expose

ome

1ess

himself to the danger of being burnt up some day or other, as he

requires a continually burning light.

A curious idol though, with

] nOt

silver eyes and a golden mustache!

In a small temple close by is

either his mother or his wife.

This idol is held in great reverence,

il

and the yearly Jatre or Méla in May is visited by thousands.

It is

then, as people say, that his spirit takes possession of one of the

y 3

spectators, making him his oracle and by him foretelling whether

the coming year will be prosperous or otherwise.

It is especially the oracle for the sake of which people come, and

they are positive that it never fails.

Yet it is of such a vague

yoki-

nature as to admit of different explanations, as the case may re-

il

48

Slnd el

quire. 1In the year before the famine the laconic word was “kappa-

guvadu” (=it will be black).

This year the oracle was couched in

the word “bhangara bele dguvadu”, meaning “there will be a golden

harvest’’.

This kind of trickery is quite to the taste of many Hin-

doos.

Unfortunately the man, who became inspired this year, had

the ill-luck to be attacked by a cheeta on his way home, and although

saved from being killed, was so badly mauled that he succumbed

afterwards.

This occurrence has taken people aback, but the effect

will not continue long. Another feat of the power of Hullappa takes

place during the feast. The priest, otherwise quite an ignorant man,

He

D

takes a chain and breaks it on a stone, consecrated to the idol.

breaks it, as the pious will have it, through Hullappa’s taking pos-

U

116

session of him.

But strange to say, the broken chain can only be

r

mended by the priest, who has the charge of it, imposing thus year

by year upon a credulous crowd.

The inhabitants lent us attentive

th

W

ears for two days as often as we addressed them, and some came

J

to our quarters at day-break to hear more and to have some questions

answered.

0r

oy

Proceeding to Hubly, 21/7*. Roth tells us his experiences

Cog

as follows:

Th

Per

Everywhere we meet with willing hearers.

Owing to the im-

pending dearth on account of the late and spare rains and to the

Wit]

rumour, that the sea will engulf the strip of coast as far as the

a8t

they

bottom of the Ghauts, “men’s hearts fail them for fear, and for look-

ing after those things which are coming on the earth (Luke xxi. 26.).

hag

People are therefore glad to see the Missionary and to hear from

he 1

fl'om

him the truth about the dark apprehensions and rumours which

keep them in a ferment.

‘When we tell them of God’s judgments

Silem

and of His salvation, then they by their replies give us an insight

Jong

into their dark heart and confused notions. “There is transmigration”,

furﬂh

one replies, “how can a man escape the fatal consequences of merits

(‘Omm

or sins of a former birth, which work themselves out in this life ?”

farly

“What is man to do against the inscriptions on his skull” says

another, “by which he is predestined to do ‘the evil which he would

i

t(}aeher

Sy

49

not.” (Rom. vii. 19.) With an irresistible necessity he is forced to

commit the most heinous crimes.”

“Of what use” observes a third,

“can prayer for rain to the true God be, when there are different

Gods presiding over wind, rain, sunshine etc.? As they settle in their

consultations so it will come to pass, and not otherwise.”

Some days ago a priest came to Unakallu to sing the doctrines

d

of the Kialajnanis* (= those who know the times) to the people in

et

order to get some disciples.

After he had sung several verses, one

¢S

of our Christians, himself a converted Kalajnani, asked him to ex-

1,

plain them.

The priest declined, excusing himself with not fully

Te

understanding the deep meaning, whereupon Jonathan, for thisis his

08

name, volunteered an explanation, which was gladly accepted.

The

he

burden of the different verses, which Jonathan knew by heart, was

ol

It will be for all

this: “There will come a word in humble shape.

176

without distinetion of caste, position, possession, sect ete.

Those who

me

preach it will neither seek their own honour, nor hide it from any,

oS

or treat part as a mystery, but proclaim it on the markets and in

houses unmindful of honour and dishonour.

“That word,” he pro-

1068

ceeded to explain, “is Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the whole world.

The Missionaries proclaim the glad tidings of salvation to every

person without distinction of caste, sex and creed, without price and

Jig

without money. What they get for it, are jeers and mockings. Yet

the

as they are not seeking their own honour, but that of Him, who sent

the

them, they revisit even the most hopeless places.”

After Jonathan

Jook-

had given a literal translation and an explanation of the said verses,

26

he improved the opportunity by preaching Christ, the only Saviour

from

from sin.

The whole assembly rewarded his efforts by a profound

hich

silence during, and their approbation at the end of, his delivery.

pents

Jonathan invited the priest to visit him in his house, that he might

sight

further enlighten him about the Kalajnanis, so as to enable him to

o'

communicate it to others also, but he preferred to leave the place

ngefifs

)

early next morning.

Jife?

] 5355

* These, in order to help the memory, attract the people and assist the

teacher, are presented in a poetical garb and recited by singing.

sould

50

e

My. Rnausenberger, who was accompanied by two Cate-

chists and a Colporteur, records as follows:

The village Chabi is in a dilapidated state since the last famine.

About one-third of the inhabitants only remain, and of these the few

persons we succeeded in interesting, were nearly all bent on disputing.

‘We passed on from village to village and preached wherever we could.

In Mavula the Patel was at first disinclined to listen; after having,

however, read one of our tracts, he desired to hear about the Gospel

1]

and bought a Bible.

At last we reached Meilara, where a festival

was to be celebrated.

With difficulty we got room in a small low

and hot Hanumanta (Hanuman’s) temple; but being near the place of

I

Here the far-

our work we gladly submitted to the inconvenience.

o

The festival takes place

famed Meilara God (Vishnu) has his temple.

(4

twice a year and is the most celebrated one in South-Mahratta, to

Su

which many thousands come flocking.

This time, however, only

he

one-third of the usual number collected; owing to the taking of the

e

census many feared to be absent from home.

You look here in

an

vain for the traditional idol-car.

Some grim idols are carried about

Th

in procession, or exposed in certain places for worship. The principal

aga

ceremony comes off on the top of a hill near Meilara, where the chief

tOr

idol is exhibited.

50

The path up to its shrine is lined by hundreds of torch-bearers,

heg

who burn their torches during broad day-light in honour of the idol,

why, nobody could tell me.

I only saw that the torch-bearers,

Regg

after having spent the last drop of oil, went one by one their way,

ha(

There are further groups of sitting women, who sing and swing their

thep

A number of devotees walk round

fans in the direction of the idol.

ang

the idol with pensive faces, ringing from time to time their hand-

Wony

bells. Sanyasis, daubed with ashes, fill the crest of the hill and help

From time to time the crowd bursts out into

i

to increase the noise.

‘)

Tggg

“yglu koti, yélu koti” meaning: “seven millions,’

which seems to

If

point to a time when such a large assemblage used to visit this

th&tn

place.

The most surprising was, however, a sort of dance in a circle

theleg

by a number of men, armed with whips. At one time they resembled

\OW

a ball, when all at once they spread out and, turning towards the

heard

51

LR

idol and dancing on one leg, flourished their whips and struck their

right legs.

Shortly after the circle closes again, the dance begins

anew, and the whole round is gone through. In spite of much noise

we could preach without molestation to a large crowd.

Mr. Hasenwandel of Dharwar writes:

|

During one of our excursions, which lasted eight days, we put

oY)

up in a village, not very far from here, where the people were think-

¢l

ing that the Christian religion was only fit for intelligent persons;

al

as for themselves, they declared they were too dull and stupid.

W

The headman was very attentive, and agreed that the Christian

of

religion was true.

‘When we told him that he was bound in fairness

al

to confess his faith, he replied: “I have gone all the length I possibly

can

306

As headman of the village, I am forced to bribe my next Hindoo

superiors, so as to retain their favour, and towards the villagers I must

)

2

be harsh and overbearing to secure fear and obedience.

To get on

the

well with both parties, I have to tell lies in defence of my actions

) 11

and for the execution of my plans. As a Christian I dare not do this.

hout

Then my Hindoo superiors would get up one complaint or another

1[)&1

against me, Government would depose me, and the villagers accustomed

jef

to rough handling would no more obey my orders. Matters standing

ol

80, I cannot make one step farther in advance.”

Isn’t it painful to

hear such a confession from an otherwise well inclined man ?

1615

During another trip we were most agreeably surprised at the

idol,

ersy

reception we found in Garag and its environs.

Former Missionaries

Ay

had to complain, that the people objected to hearing them, and drove

them away.

We found it quite the opposite.

We had always large

i

{heit

gound

and attentive Congregations.

On one occasion we saw some twenty

women standing apart from the men, listening, quite a novel feature

pand-

in this district.

In some places people even thanked us for the good

1 help

f nt0

message we brought to their very doors!

In another place the headman of a village could not comprehend

i b

that many things, that we called sin, could be really sinful. "He never-

i thb

theless listened well to our discourse. Atthe end of it he exclaimed:

acucl"'

“Now I am worse off than ever; I could wish never to have seen and

il

ed

il

N

heard you. Before you came I felt fully satisfied with my religion®

108

7*

0

You have now disturbed

I felt sure to obtain in it everlasting bliss.

my peace and brought about a great confusion in my mind.

My

peace is gone.

I doubt whether my religion will save me.

As to

the Christian religion, I am not sure whether it is really the only

true one.

What am I to believe now?

My peace is gone.”

We

He

told him the proper way to true peace was this inner struggle.

should read the Bible, search the Seriptures, pray to God for light

that he might see his wretched state, and Jesus Christ as the true

Saviour, and believe in Him, and he would obtain peace.

‘When we

left, he thanked us for the benefit he and his village had derived

from our instruetion.

Extracts from A4r. Schenkel’s Diary:

In Dundurw I found a priest, who knows the Gospel and despises

(]

of

idols; but I am afraid he has let the proper time for his conversion

slip.

I saw a number of very well inclined Brahmins in Chicka

le

Handikola.

il

Whether they will have the courage to confess Christ

openly some day or other, I do not know.

In Balawad: 1 found many

th

willing hearers, especially young men.

‘When I came to Hombala, a

Th

Wi

prosperous place, I was well received by the Brahmins and had many

quiet listeners during my addresses.

Owing to the badness of the

be

0n

drinking water I had to return home sick. After my recovery, I set

out again for Hombala, this time accompanied by Catechist Bhaskar.

01

Two Brahmins with whom the

‘We had many and attentive hearers.

the

Catechist disputed went away, abusing him. “They are angry because

ang

In

you interfere with their livelihood” some by-standers explained.

Wi

VenkatapuraonlyLingaitas, Kurubaru (shepherds) and Bédaru (hunters)

larn

live. We had many hearers, but few who received the word gladly. In

be]i:

There are those who have

Madaganuru people were most friendly.

Sog}

no longer idols in their houses, yet they lack the courage to declare

Cany

Christ openly.

In Kitturu one of these insulted the image of the

Squ

Goddess Demavva by beating it with his slipper.

The priests had a

ﬂ]ey

hearty laugh, replying: “We know full well, that this Demon has no

Worg

power; but we do not like to part with the income, this temple derives

from its fields. From the above greatly condensed statement, all will

the

see that the time of sowing the good seed is most favourable. It

bag

e

53

does not matter that in these regions there are so many temples as

Most of them are in a tumble-

one to one hundred inhabitants.

down condition, and this is the state of their religion.

The time

has come, when God executeth judgment on the idols of South-

Mahratta.

Oh for more men to visit these places regularly that the

divine spark now excited in their consciences might be fostered into

\

a glowing flame!

10

0

North-Canara is next to engage our attention. '['/]7’. Nibling

gives us the following information:

od

In attempting to characterize the Brahmans, a caste with whom

I have had intercourse for some years, I may arrange them in four

Those

565

classes. The first belong mostly to the rising generation.

of them, who listen gladly to the Gospel and seek my advice how to

100

lead a godly life, seem to be in earnest in their desire and upright

ko

pist

in their intentions.

They, however, have not nerve enough to brave

the breaking of caste and the worries attending it single-handed.

ny

The second class, somewhat older, though friendly and willing hearers

(ly &

without raising objections, their moral powers and energy having

any

become somewhat impaired through incontinence, are so dependent

the

on public opinion and caste prejudices, that they find it impossible

[ seb

to take the lead or even to follow, if some bolder spirit should lead

far.

the way.

There is a third class deeply steeped in idolatry, ignorance

I the

and sinful habits of life.

It is difficult to ascertain whether they

AUSe

The last kind forms a

In

wish for enlightenment and salvation or not.

large contingent.

Self-satisfied, head-strong, given to doubts, un-

ntefs)

believing, sunk in sin, earthly-minded, and untruthful, they either

VIH

seek their anchorage in a philosophy they do not understand and

;vha\'e

cannot grasp, or associate with persons of a doubtful character.

pelare

Some of them have at one time given room to the Word of God, but

Of the

they have hardened their hearts; and their latter state has become

pad &

worse than their former one.

has 1o

It is certainly most painful for a preacher of the Gospel to see

Jorives

the ups and downs, attractions and repulsions, approaches and

al vl

backslidings, through which poor blind heathen sinners are going,

I

le

54

until they are sufficiently strong to brave the sufferings that they

must encounter in becoming Christians.

If we had not the assurance

that the work is the Lord’s, that He will do everything by His

Spirit and that He visits those whom He draws to Himself with

chastisements and many other means to bring their heart to subject

themselves to Him in faith, then our task in the face of such

unsurmountable difficulties and utter powerlessness would be sheer

presumption.

But God be thanked; He that is for us is stronger

than he, who is against us.

“Here is the patience and the faith of

0

the Saints.”

i

i

Mr. Gengnagel characterizes some other castes, and dwells

it

especially on the Sadras, whom he describes as follows:

fu

Lastly I must mention the Sadras, a very conservative caste,

oh

who are afraid lest their thoughts about God and religion undergo

01

a change whereby they would be separated from their ancestors.

Dol

Accustomed to be led by the Brahmans and dependent for their

1)

happiness on their favour, they are on the other hand more willing

arg

to listen to the preaching of the Gospel than the other castes.

Thoughtlessness and caste-feeling keep them, however, from reflecting

the

deeper on Divine truth.

die

Some time ago I visited a Mari (a form of Kali)-shrine, where a

hey

small feast was celebrated.

The chief actors were some six men,

thy

dancing before the little hut.

They were all drunk. I was shocked

ey

to see how cruelly living fowls had their heads torn off by two nien,

pulling the one at the legs and the other at the head, when the

Ky

writhing bird was flung at the feet of the image of the Goddess.

On my enquiry what all that noise was for, they said: “Government

pays us yearly Rs. 8 for this feast; if the money is not spent thus,

fear

we forfeit the yearly payment; for this reason we are bound to get

Uerg]

drunk, dance and make a noise.

Besides this there is a great

gain resulting to our village in the preservation of it from sickness.”

Al

‘When we told them that their doings were useless, they replied:

that K

“Formerly, when we took the image beyond our village, it used to

()] he

come back; now, however, we intend to place it this evening on a cart

L”Guﬂlv

th

fre g

55

hung with all the presents, to take it beyond our village and there

to break it to pieces. How can she afterwards return again?"’*

The travelling preacher, Samuel Bunyan, stationed in

i

Honore, writes:

h

During April and May 1 had to superintend the building of a

)}

small house, which was being erected in Bada as a sort of rest-house

during our preaching tours.

I seized upon this opportunity to pro-

T

of

claim the Gospel to the inhabitants. Some of them, however, did not

like our building in their neighbourhood, calling our work a corrupt-

One day I spoke with a woman and exhorted

ing of the villagers.

I

her to believe in Christ: “ We women’ she replied, “are poor crea-

tures.

In our caste we cannot serve God.

As long as we are

>t9,

children, we can worship God, but after having grown up, that is out

of the question.

At last when we are old and decrepit, it is again

80

possible to serve Him.

How contemptible and miserable is our posi-

)18

tion!”’ Ishowed her that in our religion all persons, without distinction,

et

ing

are called upon to serve Gtod, and that it is possible for them to do it.

I visited a young man, who was nigh unto death.

I preached

wt%

the Gospel and when I pointed out to him, that Christian believers

fing

die gladly, he was greatly surprised.

After he had died, his wife

bewailed him and cursed me saying: “Oh God, may earth fall into

16

thy mouth”.

She was evidently thinking I had brought about his

nely

death, by telling him to be ready for God’s call!

cked

Another travelling preacher, Bethuel Soens, stationed near

el

) the

Kundapur, gives the following information:

dess:

The people of our Taluq were in a state of great excitemeunt and

ment

fear through a rumour which had spread like wildfire and, as is ge-

fhusy

nerally the case, had received new additions and improvements by

0 get

those who ecommunicated it to others.

It was said that astronomers

gl’%t

* To make this intelligible to our European readers, we must remind them

ness.”

that Kali is a vindictive Goddess, and that her coming back inflicted calamities

Hence the men thought they had hit upon a cunning plan of

\ hed

on the village.

circumventing her by carrying her image to the outskirts of the village and

sed 0

there destroying it.

3 att

™~

(9]

6

from the whole world had come together in Bombay, calculated the

course of the heavenly bodies and had come to the result that North-

and South-Canara were doomed to be swallowed up by the sea.

Seven

days before the catastrophe, the sea will recede about 7 leagues;

then on the 23rd of September a three days’ darkness setting in, the

sea will rush with all its force upon the shore and bury all Canara

under its waves.

This will doubtless happen, they said, as it has

rained blood in Sircy and fire somewhere in the East, and as Masuli-

patam some years ago had been visited by a tidal wave.

‘Whereso-

ever we appeared, persons even who were habitually shunning us,

crowded round about us, to learn whether the Bible says something

about the end of the world or, as some expressed it, about the

‘We could

world’s passing from one yuga (age) to another.

f

answer their questions by the Word of God and show them how

to get rid of the fear of coming danger by believing in Jesus

[}

Christ, so that that day may not fall upon them as a thief in the

h

night and bring for them destruction instead of salvation.

01

Where the news about the destruction of Canara originated and

Some even suspected

Ie

how it spread, we are at a loss to guess.

us of having originated it, in order to make them all Christians, and

g

reproved us for giving currency to this rumour!

Anyhow, scoffers

a

here and there said that: “even those, who believe in the true God

are not exempt from death, and considering this, our case cannot be

(9

improved, whether we believe or not.”” Others again remarked mock-

dr;

ingly, that it was not so bad to die in company, as to have to depart

by

from life by oneself.

Peo

Obt;

‘When the 23rd of September approached and the weather was

S

squally and the sea in commotion, terror fell on all, especially on the

rich, who intended to sell their property, bury the money and flee

gy

to the mountains! The day has passed, but people have it, that on

the 15th of November a catastrophe will happen, when some por-

il

tion of India will be submerged.

This was to be considered as

oup (

the prelude to the great flood, which will happen at the end of the

hig I

Kali-yuga.

Ou |

b@ Al

57

e

May God in His mercy deliver these poor people, who through

fear of death are all their lifetime subject to bondage.

South-Canara.

)y

Among the reports to hapd, we give first

that of Ar. Layer .

©

Mr. Digel, myself and five Catechists and pupils of the Seminary

AS

were preaching in Gurpiar, a small village, for five days of a festival

i

in honour of Vishnu.

During the last two days three idol-cars of different sizes, two of

15

which were quite new and are said to have cost Rs. 3,000 and Rs.

1,000 respectively, were drawn by the people. On one of these days

05

he

we were surrounded by a large crowd in which several persons tried

ild

to make each himself spokesman.

0w

As long as Mr. Digel related a story, all were very attentive,

§us

but when the application was made they showed less willingness to

hear.

I followed with another address, when, after a few moments,

the

on a given sign of the ringleaders, the whole assembly left us to a

man and retired to some distance.

We followed them and were

and

received with hearty

laughter, which we could not construe as

ofed

derision, but rather as an approval of our courage.

The interrupted

and

address was continued and well received.

\ﬁ(ﬂ‘s

On the last day, we felt something of the power of darkness. An

(iod

excited erowd had collected round the cars, waiting for the signal to

ot be

draw them. The priest possessed of his God and several others seized

0k

by the Demons, stood there shaking and profusely perspiring, the

‘epaft

people looking on awestruck.

There were high-caste women, who

obtained holy water in return for money, while low-caste ones on the

p Was

same terms got flowers, which had been offered to the idol.

i the

‘We tried to collect a small congregation apart from the din and

id flee

bustle, expecting no disturbance.

Scarcely, however, had a burst of

hat 08

applause and clapping of hands from the large assembly reached

our ears, to announce that the God, who temporarily had possessed

1ed W

his priest, had left him, when some miscreants brought an idiot, made

Of the

our hearers to open a passage for him, and one acting as a sort of

bear-leader with a stick in his hand, made the poor creature to exhibit

8

58

i

himself. This was an unforeseen close.

May the Lord show the

poor people the things serving for their peace.

Myr. Eble relates:

Accompanied by a Catechist I made house-to-house visits in and

around our Out-Stations Santir, Kutyar and Padar.

I was glad to

see how willingly people listened to our message.

The general im-

pression is contained in the words: “What you say is true, but it is

difficult for us toleave the ways of our fathers.”

I was present also

at some of the larger festivals, as that on the Gunjar Giri and in Stda

and at several gatherings for cock-fighting. 'We had always attentive

crowds and, although now and then one or another considered his

objections weighty enough to interrupt us, we found that firm but

1

kind treatment was the best way to turn opponents into earnest

hearers.

(

(

Mr. Keppler reports:

A Mohammedan had come to me for medicine for his sick wife

and urged me to visit her.

I was very glad to see the love he bore

P

to his wife, whom, when I saw, I found greatly reduced.

I could

16y

give her some medicine; and as my coming attracted people, I had a

4 |

goodly crowd, who were willing to hear me and to buy some Tracts.

e

I am visiting a paralytic, who clings most tenaciously to life, and,

although medicine will do him little good, I try to soothe his mind

Jar

and to point him to the Saviour of the world.

Ong

We have had occasion to preach at several heathen festivals.

How busy the enemy is to cast obstacles in our way and to throw us

by

off our guard! A crowd has collected round us. They seem to listen

oy

tan

well. This annoys some inveterate enemy; a broom is brought and the

road is swept, so that the rising dust drives away our hearers and

forces us to stop. Again some persons collect, when small pebbles

i 0

‘T

begin to pour in among us, or instead of these, a person determined

to interrupt us, throws small sweetmeats amongst the crowd; there

to 4}

is a scramble and a pushing to and fro; they collect again when a

ay]

new shower of sweets distracts their attention and thus our endeavours

to preach are finally frustrated.

eYen

hPOUg

59

In Munderu we found a large vnumber of people assembled for

cock-fighting, of which the Tulus are passionately fond.

They do

not grudge a walk of many miles for the purpose of either fighting

their own cocks or of witnessing the sport.

The cruelty inflicted on

these poor animals to gratify the corrupt tastes of heartless men is

really disgusting.

Notwithstanding the excitement which prevailed,

we were able to get many hearers mornings and evenings during

these two days, and through the friendly offices of a man, we had a

shady place to preach in and to rest.

Malabar, which we touch upon last, affords several inte-

5

resting points.

Myr. Hanhart describes a preaching tour he

It

made with several Catechists as far as Putukotta or Hosadurga

51

(Kasargodu Taluq) about half way between Mangalore and

Cannanore.

We give a few extracts.

We visited first the few Christian families to whom we also

fe

preached during the two Sundays we were staying there.

10

In this town a weekly market is held, where we were preaching

1

regularly.

On week-days we paid house-to-house visits. Although

12

a Catechist is stationed here, we were at first received with sus-

£

picion, and in some places even with opposition, especially on the

ﬂdj

part of the Brahmans.

nd

‘We visited a rich man, who had read many of our books and at

one time intended to embrace Christianity, but had been prevented

\l

by his family and relations from taking the step!

We showed him

s

how terrible it was to be a servant of sin, and how Jesus Christ alone

()

can save from temporal and eternal misery.

hie

‘When we approached the house of a Nambitiri Brahman, he call-

and

ed out: “Don’t trouble yourself to visit here; we are your enemies.”

bles

“I am sorry to hear you say so” I replied, “as we desire you to come

ned

to the knowledge of the only true God and His Son, the Saviour of

e1e

mankind, Jesus Christ.”

o

Another Brahman received us politely, yet he did not admit us

even to the yard in front of his house, but had a chair and mats

ours

brought and placed under a large tree.

We raised our voices

84-

e

60_

so that the inmates aléo could catch our words. “To conclude,” he

said “your religionis certainly the most suitable one for Europeans,

but it is quite different with us, Hindoos.

‘We have a time-honoured

religion and ancient precepts, and therefore we dare not swerve from

them.”

On the 25th of May the feast at Madiyankilagam began. Peo-

ple collected only towards noon. An elevated spot under the shadow

of alarge tree near the precincts of the outer wall of the temple afford-

ed us a nice place to address large crowds. About 4 p.m. the Tiyans,

headed by a drummer, brought the presents for the “ Bhiita Kshatra-

palan” (consisting of a garland, wrapped in cloth), followed by a num-

h

ber of men carrying large vessels filled with toddy, and others

01

with loads of fish, brought up the procession which attracted the

80

crowd collected for the occasion.

Their coming and heavy rain put

it

a stop to our work. The day following, we could preach for some

0n

time but a heavy downpour at 1 ».m. forced us to leave off.

M

Extracts from the Diary of the Native Travelling Preacher,

as

Hi

Facob Chemmanchery:

On the 27th of January 1881, I left for Kudali, where a feast

ing

was celebrated during the following night to the Demons Khanda-

il

karnan, Chimundi and Kuttichattan.

Next morning I got upwards

of 200 listeners.

Wou

At Kalla: 1 stayed four days on account of a feast.

T visited

tep]

ent

the houses. Near the temple I preached on the sinfulness of idolatry.

Niy

A relation of the owner of the temple was glad on account of my

fath,

preaching, and a Brahman brought me rice from the temple to eat,

I declined with

«tha

adding that I should be served during the festival.

(og

thanks.

It was there, that a Brahman during a conversation I had

ﬂ)ing

with him, rejoined that, as Christ had died for the sins of all men,

all are now redeemed and none can be damned.

I pointed out to

Mg

him that the benefits of Christ’s death cannot be acquired by any

TGCOg

man otherwise than by faith. He bought a “Heart-book.”—Went

to Irikur.

Here many Mippillas live.

A rich Mappilla invited me

)

fragt

to stay in his dwelling-house and bade me relate the stories of the

Dol

61

e

Gospel. I preferred to stay in one of his empty houses. Many came

)

to listen, of whom several invited me to visit them in their houses.

There were, of course, also some ill-disposed persons, but most were

well ‘inclined.

They came to me in the evening when I had many

a welcome opportunity of addressing them.

On one occasion a man

sang an episode of Mohammed’s wars, describing how he had de-

stroyed the villages of the Jews, slaughtered the men and kept the

i

beautiful women for himself. This gave me an opportunity to speak

15

against the injustice and immorality of their Prophet. When the

man saw, how he had furnished me with a handle, he regretted

his inconsiderateness.

Another time several of them sang an epic

1S

on Abraham.

The burden of the song being, that Ishmael was the

he

son of promise by his rightful wife Hagar, that the stone (Kaaba) in

Mecca had fallen from heaven and that Abraham offered sacrifices

put

meé

on it.

I showed them, however, that, as the Hindoos claim for

Shiva’s Lingam that it had fallen from heaven, the Mohammedans,

as regards this article of faith, were in no way superior to the

et

Hindoos.

I proceeded to Walakai. I went to a brass-founder, who sat mould-

oast

ing a God.

“What! are you the father of Ishvara (God)”, I asked.

“Well if it was not for my caste-people, the Nayas and other castes

,1'1(.1@-

ards

would have no God whom they could worship.”—¢“How strange’’, I

replied, “that you make the idols and are nevertheless forbidden from

sited

entering a temple.” “For this we cannot be put to account”’, said a

atty.

Naya, who was just then listening, “that is the doing of our fore-

fathers.”

“If high castes could approach nearer God,” I retorted,

f mf

) eﬂt,

“than the lower ones, God would be partial.

But just the reverse;

ith

God grants the enjoyment of air, sunshine, rain and many other

things to all alike.

Thus, the religion professing to come from Him

had

el

must embrace all without distinction.

No religion but the Christian

recognises this fact.”

out 10

Mr. Licbendorfer of Tellicherry reports:

fent

In October I left with some of my Native assistants to visit the

tract of country near the foot of the Ghauts which lies North of

pd 10

i 9

Tellicherry, and where the Gospel message had not been proclaimed

62

e

so regularly as along the coast.

The difference between the bulk

of the people there and those of the coast is very striking.

During our house-to-house visits we were in several instances

bluntly told that our visit was mnot desired, or we were entreated to

pass on, as the inmates consisted only of foolish women and children,

who could not comprehend our religious conversation.

Among the

higher castes we met with many who sought comfort in Vedantism

and anticipated their being dissolved into Brahma by smoking hemp

(Bang).

When this kind of devotees were spoken to of the Saviour,

they triumphantly pointed to their hookas, a few whiffs of which

I

would make them forget all sorrow and grief,

In one house we

a

found the males so much muddled that they could not in the least

comprehend what we said.

In another house a Vedantist offered

h

me a cocoanut to quench my thirst adding: “Well, sir, drink and

remember you are enjoying a part of Brahma.”

I must not,

however, merely give prominence to the dark side, but let in some

10r

of the rays of light which cheered us during this trip.

Sor

We had many an opening owing either to the influence of our

llp

Vernacular Schools or to the preaching carried on in the bazaars

hrg

and at heathen festivals.

For the sake of a son, brother, cousin or

Ish

neighbour, who could testify to a more or less intimate acquaintance

with us, instead of being given the cold shoulder, we were courteously

Wh

welecomed.

Of an evening we were surprised in our quarters by

Weg

the visit of a young man, who was well up in the Bible history, and

Wom

spoke even with enthusiasm of the parable of the prodigal son which

hag;

he declared was his favourite story. The inmates of a number of

Prigg

houses, in spite of their never having been visited with the Gospel,

tﬂken

evinced a tolerably good knowledge of it.

‘When we expressed our

by

surprise we were told that they had been to such and such a heathen

lbm\

festival and had heard the Gospel preached.

In such houses we

lapg

stayed longer in order to deepen their impressions and to set before

Partj,

them sin, righteousness and judgment.

A poor old woman, when

hOUSe

she heard of the Saviour and pardon of sin, exelaimed: “I never

g W

heard such good news.

I have had a deal of trouble during my

the Wl

_1ife-time; what a comforting message that life everlasting is also in

b

AR

GSM

store for me!” In another house an old man on hearing of Christ’s

love to sinners, exclaimed: “Oh what joyful tidings you bring! Please

tell me once more about it.

Where and when has this happened?

Why have we not been told ere this of God’s love to fallen sinners!

}

What is the name of that God, who accomplished all this?”’ When

told, it was Jesus Christ, he made several efforts till he could pro-

il

nounce the name well.

He promised that he would forsake his

P

Gods and pray to Christ only.

We spent Sunday at the foot of the Ghauts and conducted morn-

ing-service in our quarters.

Some 40 heathens came and listened

(4

attentively, and after we had concluded, asked us different questions.

156

From the Diary of Mr. Walter of Chombala we extract

el

the following:

nd

0f)

With the Catechists of my Station I set out on the 9th of May

for a fortnight’s tour.

mne

We began our work at Puttiir, where with

some difficulty we got a small and hot verandah of a Tiyan to put

Our

up af.

Most houses were crowded with pilgrims who before the

break of the monsoon visit the temple of the Kilakkan Perumail

1S

Ishvaran in Kottiyair at the foot of the Wynaad mountains.

] 01

106

On the 10th of May, we visited the neighbouring weaver-village.

Whereas the rest of the Malayilis live in detached compounds, the

nsly

weavers have regular villages. While the men and boys weave, the

by

and

women and girls are spooling and making the warps.

Each village

has its own temple in which Ganapati (Ganésha) is worshipped. The

hich

priestly functions belong to all the males above 16 years, and are

oy Of

taken by turns.

The male, who is to officiate for the day, can only.

5peh

do so after having fasted and bathed the previous day.

‘Whilst he

j ow!

is in office he wears the threefold string over his shoulder, as Brah-

then

mans do.

This explains how weavers (Chiliyas) are even more

5 WO

particular about defilement than higher castes.

The eaves of their

)gf()l'e

house should not come into contact with one’s leaf-umbrella; leaning

et

nevef

on a wooden pillar of the verandah will communicate defilement to

the whole house; stone-pillars are, however, considered non-conduc-

¢ Tﬂj

tors of levitical impurity. We found many who gave ear to our dis-

3”150 in

64

codrse.

‘When we arrived at the end of the village, two men drove

us off with a good deal of noise, but this brought the whole village

together and gave us a good congregation, who listened most

attentively to our preaching.

On the 11th May we met some men, the descendants of the

Tacholis, of whom a certain Otenan made himself famous through

feats of bravery and violence, which are celebrated in folk-lore sung

by men and women during their work in the fields, and by boat-

men, when journeying ete.

He may have lived about 350 years

ago

Popular superstition has endued him with demoniacal power able

to plague his enemies and to protect his clients.

Within the last

twenty years or so a temple has been built in Méppa in his honour;

since then vows are made and gifts are brought in sickness or any

00

€l

calamity, and a yearly feast is being celebrated.

On the 13th May a Tiyan in Méppa placed the veranda of the

€2

temple dedicated to his penates at our disposal.

According to the

W

the

notion of the people, the spirits of the defunct inmates were our next-

door neighbours.

This lodging, besides affording us shelter, was a

€0

very convenient place for the people to meet us till late at night.

des

Wi

On the 14th May whilst we spoke to some Nayas in the yard of

their house, doors and shutters were opening, showing us that the fe-

1nf}

tha

male inmates too wished to hear our message. We changed the tone

of conversation into that of preaching.

In the adjoining garden we

£ess

addressed a number of persons, engaged in building up the stone-

the |

Whe

walls of a large tank, and invited ther to come to Christ.

evey

Mr. Knoblock at Calicut reports, that A4». Faus had

Hi ]

made several preaching tours in company with the Native

g

Travelling Preacher, Fona Padiyat. They and the other Cate-

aTE]I

chists were on the whole so well received, that they returned

me(

mostly in buoyant spirits.

The Travelling Preacher has met,

T,

however, with a good deal of rough handling South of Bey-

WhOh

pore.

Also Mr. Kilhnle of Codacal reports

that, taken all

XC(

65

-

together, the experiences of the past year have been rather

pleasant than otherwise.

I

We close with the Palghaut District, where much seed has

Let us hear what Afr. Rulland

been sown for many years

relates of some of the results

i}

In two of our Out-stations there are some families, who gave us

great hope, that they would openly embrace Christianity

Hitherto

tg

IS

they have not had the courage

caste and family-ties being so

Yet the Word of God has not come back empty,

Last

powerful

year, a young man died in one of the Out-stations. Five or six days

le

ast

before his end he asked his parents to send for his teacher, a young

man, converted some years ago

As they showed no inclination to

i

comply with his desire, he told them, he wished to die a Christian and

iy

entreated them with tears to grant his request

They turned a deaf

ear to his prayer; when driven to despair, he said to his parents: “I

the

if I am lost on account of

the

wish to die a Christian, you object to it

the want of baptism, you will have to answer for it and to bear the

ext

consequences

He thereupon became more restless and feeling

a8 &

death approaching he cried in despair

“Woe unto me, I am dying

without baptism.” Hisparents, believing that this proceeded from the

rd of

influence of Demons, called in some Demon-priests, who declared

16 e

that an evil spirit* was haunting their dwelling and that it was ne-

) t()ﬂe

cessary to carry him into another house

They obeyed, but whilst

) WO

the poor man was being carried thither he expired

My heart aches

fone

whenever I think of this occurrence

In that very place a similar

event has happened

A sick young man asked to see his teacher

His parents complied, but at the same time told him that he need be

, ad

(11

in no hurry, as they all intended to become Christians shortly

“If you

are in earnest,’”’ he said, “I wish the teacher to come daily and pray with

(ate

me; otherwise I will not take any medicine

All this was agreed to

ulﬁed

The youth has recovered

But with respect to the baptism of the

g b

whole family, to judge from appearances, it is at present far off; for

f e

they are rich and influential

These are a few harbingers of a

#*Compare Luke xi. 14—26

e

i al

9

oL

66

coming dawn.

Let us hope that the bright daylight shall shine upon

Palghaut too.

We must now conclude this lengthy article, hoping that no

apology on our part is required. On the contrary we trust that

our friends in general, and those who are interested in the

different Provincial Missions in particular, will feel a re-

doubled interest in the vast work of preaching to the heathen;

and let our work have the benefit of their renewed sympathy,

prayers and zeal.

We devoutly wish that our Native Brethren

who may read this Report, may see how much remains still

to be done to christianize the Heathen, their brethren ac-

18

cording to the flesh, and may awake to the solemn duty incum-

bent on them of giving witness to the light and of praying

fervently and earnestly for their conversion.

Lastly, we would

ask leave to plead with our Home Committee for more help,

especially for Sogth—Mahratta.

11

EDUCATION.

During the past year our Missionaries and their Assistants,

engaged in educational work, have met with much encour-

agement.

Schools.

Four Schools have been temporarily closed or

abolished.

On the other hand Canara has had Zwo, South-

Mahratta #aree, Malabar #zree, and the Nilagiris szx Schools

added to their former number, making fourfcen new Schools.

We therefore closed the year with 78 Schools against 68 in

1880, and when we add our 6 Sunday-Schools, with 84.

Pupils.

There has been a decrease of 29 pupils in South-

Mahratta. Elsewhere, however, partly corresponding with the

:\8

above increase of Schools, partly for other reasons, there has

M

been on the whole an zzzcrease of 556, of which Canara-Coorg

they, a

———

67

claims 104, the Nilagiris 154, and Malabar 298.

The above

falling off being deducted, we close the year with 3815 ckzldren,

being 527 in adwvance of the number in 1880.

This access consists of 79 Christian and 450 Heathen

children, 7. ¢. 39 Christian and 443 Heathen boys, and 40

Christian and 7 Heathen girls.

It is to be remarked that our different Christian Schools

are attended by 204 Heathen, and our Heathen Schools by

202 Christian children.

Il

Looking at the different Schools, the above number of pupils

is assigned to them in the following manner:

Total

Males:

Females

Males: Females:

g

Seminary .

—_—

22

nto

Id

—

Evangelist School

Ip,

Normal Schools

15

Preparatory (Middle) Schools

:

45

328

46

Boarding Schools for Boys

Do

for Girls

60

404

388

450

129

Parochial Schools for Boys

Do

for Girls

130

s )

Do

Do

Mixed

336

166

)il

Do

for Infants

54

Tl

367

High Schools .

Anglo-Vernacular Schools

:

SELE

o

|uth

Franco-Vernacular School

;]:)

ek

421

j00ls

Vernacular Schools for Boys

QU s et GO D ND e R N GO S DD DD ket

Do

for Girls.

13

78

0013'

9

Do

Mixed

458

87

892

165

910

6 Sunday-Schools®

84 Schools

2829

986

ot

Making in all 3815 Pupils.

p the

o 1S

*The pupils attending the Sunday-Schools are not put down, as most of

them attend our other Schools during the week.

(o0r

qb

e

68

We purpose to report shortly on the different Schools:

High Schools.

In the Calicut High School the number has

risen from 305 to 324, and in the Tellicherry one from 206 to

286

Although teachers and pupils in both Schools spared

no pains in their work throughout the year, the results of the

Government Examinations have not been quite satisfactory;

those for Grants-in-aid have been more reassuring. There is

an intention on the part of Government to hand over the

Brennen School at Tellicherry to our Mission again.

Anglo-Vernacular Schools.

The Mangalore Anglo-Vernacu-

lar School closed the year with 158; if the Vernacular feeder

E

|

be added, with 328 against 329 in 1880, D/laerwar with 66,

and Palghaun! with 54 pupils, in all 278 against 155, 64, 57

fe

respectively in 1880, or total 276.

As to numbers, these

N

A

Schools have been stationary. The Municipal School at Marga-

lore, which is not far off from ours, has opened higher and

by

¢h

lower classes, so that the competition may cause, more or less,

a decrease in numbers in future years.

In connexion with the

he

Palghaut School, we have to record a strange occurrence.

By

of

Three heathen boys, who it seems bore a grudge to one of

the teachers, in order to avoid learning under him, set fire to

of

the palmyra-leaf covered roof on the 9th of May. The School

Prg

was nevertheless opened in due time, and will be tiled before

next monsoon.

for

Franco-Vernacular School. Thisnewly taken up School is locat-

In

ed in Mahé, the French territoire near Tellicherry. Mr. Walter

ingt

had petitioned “the Gouverneur des Etablissements Frangais

o ¢

dans 1’ Inde & Pondicherry” for permission to open a School

Thyy

at Maheé.

After he had received the sanction through the

the

Chef de Service at Mahé, the School was formally opened on

iﬁte]‘

of {]

*The Vernacular feeders in each several case included.

fl'()m

b i

69

the 13th of September 1881.

The Chef de Service was repre-

sented by proxy and had deputed most of the French officials;

besides a number of Christian, Mohammedan, and Hindu

The «President du Comite de 1’ Instruc-

il

Natives were present.

10

tion Publique” presided.

My. Walter opened with a prayer.

Then Afr. Matthissen addressed the assembly in French, and

My. Walter in Malayalam, setting forth the aim of the School

1§

he

and thanking the Authorities.

Myr. Wagner offered up the

The Maire in his reply, ac-

closing prayer in Malayalam.

knowledged that the children could only get good from the Bible.

Ul

Jet

He was followed by one of the officials, who spoke in favour-

able terms of our efforts.

In the intervals between the dif-

6o,

ferent addresses the Chombala Boarding School girls sang appro-

1656

priate hymns, 4%7. Mieg accompanying them on the harmonium.

At the close of the ceremony a quadruple Vivat was proposed

g 0-

by the officials for the Republic, the Governeur Général at Pondi-

and

cherry, the Chef de Service at Mahé and the Maire, and was

Jess,

heartily responded to.

In the School, Malayalam, French and

) the

English are being taught.

From time to time the President

IR

of Public Instruction will examine the School.

The number

e 0F

May this School

of pupils amounts for the present to 56.

e 0

prove a blessing.

ool

Vernacular Schools.

We have now 20 Vernacular Schools

fore

for Heathens. Of these 11 are for boys, and 9 for both sexes.

In them 879 boys and 87 girls, in all 966 children, receive

Jocal

instruction. Of the Schools for boys, we wish to call attention

V(plﬂ‘)‘

to the severnz Night-Schools on the Nilagiris, with 161 boys.

ol

Three of these have been established with the assistance of

the Local Fund Board.

My. F. Muiller, who takes a great

School

Jy the

interest in these Schools, remembering the spasmodic exertions

110

g on

of the Badagas in education in former years, is anxious that

from this time forward their energies may not flag, but that

70

—

their desire for schooling may become steady and that it may

spread among the remainder of the Hill-tribes.

We are glad further to mention, that we opened a Verna-

cular School as Hosadurga on the 1st of March. The Local

Fund Board, who had a School there for some years, after

having given it up, let us have the loan of the school-house

and furniture. At first the children made different attempts

to force us to countenance a distinction of caste, and when

they saw that we firmly adhered to our principle, the atten-

dance fell off. A change for the better having set in, the

School is filled again. There are now 48 on the rolls, and we

a

hope it is on a fair way to prosperity.

fo

We may observe here, that the girls in three Vernacular

i

Schools at Mangalore, Cannanore, and Tellicherry, which

10

number 29, 22 and 17 respectively, receive instruction in

ho

needle- and fancy-work under the superintendence of our

Missionaries’ wives.

Heathen Girls’ Schools.

We have now five Girls’ Schools,

tiay

which are attended by 78 girls and 13 boys.

ang

The populous

towns of Calicut and Palghaut have each a School for Tiya

oy

bem

and Tamil girls; instead of their furnishing, however, a large

contingent, both muster among themselves only 14 girls and

frop

hu

b

13 small boys! The two Schools for Brakman girls at Manga-

lorve and Honore have 34 and 17 girls respectively on the

hep

lttg

rolls.

Some lessons are given by the Missionaries’ wives at

the different places. On the whole the girls have been diligent

oy

and done well.

Ouly

The School for Coorg girls at Mercara is kept up by sub-

scription of some Coorg gentlemen, one or two of them taking

Pupy

Sergy

a specially warm interest in its prosperity. The girls are

bright and industrious.

Our Missionaries’ wives feel them-

ducte

selves repaid by the eagerness with which the lessons are

boy

Nagy)

e

71

received.

English and all kind of needle-work are their

favourite pursuits.

We should observe that Afrs. Gengnagel in Basarur has

opened a small Girls’ School in the course of 1881. As it has

only just begun, it has been omitted from the present census.

We are glad to mention that A77. Ritter has succeeded in

erecting a Girls’ School in Udapy. Many influential Natives

have contributed towards the building.

The School has been

open since February 1882, and is attended by 15 to 20 girls.

10

Infant Schools.

We have two of these, one at Mangalore

I

and another at Calicut.

These Schools were first established

for the sake of the children of poor women, who were com-

ar

pelled to do cooly work, and of mothers, who were unable to

¢h

instruct their children themselves.

They have been found,

however, beneficial not only to these classes, but to others also.

n

Ul

Mr. Knoblock writes:

When we take a walk of an evening and, passing by our Chris-

tians’ houses, hear the clear and sweet voices of Infant School boys

0ls,

Ous

and girls, we are forcibly reminded of Psalms viii. 2: “Out of the

mouth of babes and sucklings hast thou ordained strength.”

The

170

benefits of this School are evident; not only are these little ones kept

g6

from many evil influences and learn much that is good and useful,

and

but also the results obtained remind many a mother of her duty fo

) g(l.

her children and encourage her to earnestly strive to bring her

the

little ones to Christ.

s ob

Parochial Schools. Of these there are now 27, viz. two for

In these

gent

boys, four for girls, and twenty-one for both sexes.

only 583 children (309 boys and 274 girls) are educated.

sub

Further 240 (97 boys and 143 girls) attend the Schools of the

king

several Orphanages as day-scholars and (after having de-

ducted the children attending the Infant Schools) 314 (282

are

hetl

boys and 32 girls) are pupils in our Vernacular, Anglo-Ver-

nacular and High Schools.

g e

72

The Missionaries’ wives of the different Stations give the

girls lessons in needle-work ete.

Boarding Schools.

We have now six Boarding Schools for

Canara and the Hills have each one

boys and six for girls.

Boys’, and one Girls’ Orphanage; Malabar and South-Mahratta,

however, have two of each.

Last year we had 542 (239 boys

and 303 girls) Boarders, against 621 (287 boys and 3834

girls) Boarders of the preceding year; a falling off of 79

(48 boys and 31 girls). Of these 7 famine orphans, who till now

were in the Hubly Orphanage, preferring idleness and beggary

to a regular school-life and discipline, have run away. The

other children have either left, if girls to get married, if boys

to prosecute their education, or they have been given back to

their parents.

We are of opinion that as those only, who are

«widows indeed” are to be relieved by the Church, so Orphan-

}{

ages are the refuge for those children alone, who are “orphans

indeed”.

If ever children, who have parents, are received,

it is only in extraordinary cases and for a yearly payment

1

according to their ability.

When we were working hard to

(l

get a sure footing in the country and to lay a solid founda-

|

tion in our Congregations, raw from heathenism, nearly every

th

girl whether orphan or not, was admitted on principle into

one of the existing Orphanages.

Now, however, after having

po

worked on hard from forty to fifty years, during which time

a

the standard of morality among our Christians has improved

Uy

and has become more and more scriptural, we expect that

children and youthé. of both sexes are as safe with their fami-

asg

lies as they are in our institutions; more than that, we are

g,

fully convinced that family-life is more congenial and whole-

some, and that persons brought up in the midst of temptations

My

will be better able to take their place in the world, than those

Sehe]

reared in an Orphanage. Our Missionaries and their wives,

Semh

e

73

conscious of the many drawbacks of institution-life, do all

in their power to minimize the evil effects.

To assist in this

our Home Committee have kept down the numbers in each

several institution and ordered that orphans be boarded in

respectable families.

This latter kind amounted last year to

82 out-boarders.

Sunday-Schools. The six Sckools (4 in Malabar, 1 in Canara

and 1on the Nilagiris) are attended by 333 pupils.. Of these

i

271 are Christian children and 16 Christian adults; 46 are Hea-

then adults and children. Some 50 to 60 excepted, the rest are

)T

6

all pupils of our different Schools.

Five of these are managed

by our Mercantile and Industrial Missionaries, who besides

/S

0

preside over one or two Young Men’s Associations and provide

'6

their apprentices with Night-Schools to keep up what they

have already learned, and if possible to further advance

themselves.

i

1

Middle Schools.* Mr. Walz and Mr. Liebendorfer are the

b

managers of two Preparatory Schools at Udapy and Telli-

Our Nor-

t0

cherry respectively, containing together 45 pupils.

1

mal Schools and the Catechists’ Seminary get nearly all

1y

their pupils from this source.

Normal Schools.

nfo

The Udapy Normal School has been tem-

ull

porarily closed, after the death of A/r. A. Ziegler.

The one

me

at Tellicherry under 7. Licbendorfer, and the other at Hubly

\ ol

under My. Lztze number between them 15 men.

hat

Evangelists’ School.

To meet the crying want of Native

i

assistants for South-Mahratta, this small School, as a temporary

are

measure, has been opened under the superintendence of

ole

Myr. Lutze with four promising young men.

After the most

1008

* This is to be distinguished from the Middle School in the Government

108

Scheme.

Our Middle School denotes the one that prepares pupils for our

Seminaries.

1765

10

T4

urgent exigence has been met, the usual but longer course

of education at the Mangalore Seminary will be preferred.

Catechists’ Seminary. We closed the year with 28 students.

Of these four young men were examined in April and installed

by Mpr. Graeter on the 10th of May. Another one from South-

Mahratta owing to over-exertion for the examination, fell sick;

he was sent back to his native country and after his recovery,

One was dismissed and

installed there a few months later.

three young Malayalis showed a disinclination to return after

the last vacation. Nine have thus been accounted for. There

have entered six.

We therefore began the scholastic year

with 25 young men.

Of these three, for the sake of their

health, have left the Seminary for a time.

This leaves

twenty-two young men who were last year under preparation.

They received lessons in Introduction into the Scriptures,

Dogmatics, Exegesis of the Old Testament from the Canarese

and of the New Testament from the Greek Text, Homiletical

and Catechetical Exercises, Bazaar-preaching, English, Sans-

i

krit, Greek, Canarese and Singing. Two-thirds of these lessons

€

were in Canarese and one-third in Malayalam, Ar. Graceter

and Catechist Chr. Watsa taking charge of the former, and

Myr. Diez of the latter.

Myr. Hock was acting for about

5 months, partly for AMr. Graceter, partly for Mr. Diez.

R

In closing this article, we regret that want of space pre-

vents us from letting our friends look more into the inner

1

working and the blessings which the Lord has vouchsafed.

By

We may well say that this portion of the Mission-field is

full of hope, the more so, as there is not a single School in

Py

which the glad tidings of salvation are not set forth with more

«“In due season we shall

Iy

or less earnestness and prayer.

No

reap, if we faint not.”

cal

75

IV. LITERARY DEPARTMENT.

1

Original Works and Compilations.

The second revision of the Malayalam New Testament,

.

published by the Madras Auxiliary Bible Society, has advanced

to the end of the Epistle to the Hebrews.

Messrs. Diez,

Knobloch and Walter are the Delegates of our Mission.

The Committee for the revision of the Zulu New Zestament

have been pushing on the work earnestly.

it

The Canarese Commentary translated from the German by

the late Rev. Dr. H. Migling has advanced as far as Proverbs,

S

Chapter xxvii. 5.

The Canarese and Malayalam Christian Almanacs have

been published for 1882.

5

The Canarese Monthly Fournal «Kreista Sabhapatra” has

al

been edited by Mr. Minner and My. Chr. Watsa; while the

1§

ns

Malayalam Monthly Periodical «Keralopakari” has been

edited by Messrs. Diez and Frohnmeyer.

for

The following Books and Tracts have been newly published:

nd

b

Canarese. A Canarese Tunc-Book (autographed) by the

Rev. A. Minner containing 312 Tunes with Text.

Fioe Hundred Indian Plants, their use in Medicine and

)1

nel

in Arts, by Messrs. G. Plebst and C. Stolz (first edition, as a

Book), enlarged and revised by the Rev. E. Harlin.

fed

1000

] 8

A Practical Key to the Canarese Language, t. ¢

Practical Canarese Sentences in Vernacular and in Roman

)1 in

Type, with Ordinary and Verbal Translation, Grammatical

n01e

Notes etc., by the Rev. F. Ziegler.

hall

Malayalam. On the Management of little Children: Physi-

cal and Religious, by the Rev. E. Liebendorfer.

10%*

76

SE ey

Outlines of lhe Anatomy and Physiology of the Human

Body with Hygienic and Practical Hints, illustrated by 70

cuts, by the Rev. E. Licbendorfer.

This is for the most part

a reprint of articles that have appeared in the «Kéralopakari.”

Considering that Native Botany, Anatomy and Physiology

are full of idolatry, sorcery, ignorance, and wickedness, the

above books should prove a real boon to the country. A guide

to the management of little children has been long a great

desideratum, and it is hoped that Ar. Liebendorfer's book will

prove really useful to many mothers.

Coorg-Dialect (Kodagu). Zwo Hundred of the most Promi-

nent Passages of Scripture have been translated by the Rev.

F. Veil.

This is the first attempt at rendering parts of the

Bible into the Coorg-Dialect.

2. The Printing Press.

My. Hirner left on sick-leave in last March. Since then

Myr. Stkemeier has been in charge.

Lict OF BOOKS

Printed during the year 188l.

L. Canarese.

Edition: Size: Copies: Pages: Tot. Pages

D

80

Sabhapatra, 14th year .

480

196

94080

0

Elementary Geography Pt. II.

II

12

15000

66

990000

(;

Do

do

Part HI.

II

12

10000

132

1320000

Second Book of Canarese

Poetry

II

12

12000

72

864000

Catechism of Canarese

Grammar

IX

12

4000

60

240000

Ker

Melodien, ete. (Tune B;ook.)

autographed .

80

200

255

51000

Poh

41

Edition: Size: Copies: Pages: Tot. Pages:

A short Catechism of the

12°

1000

110

110000

Protest. & Rom. Teachings

Five Hundred Indian Plants,

People’s Edition .

80

1000

236

236000

Do

Introduection

to Complete Ed.

80

250

50

12500

Self-Guide to Howard’s Pt.1.

1I

.16"

1060

63

68000

Short Description of Dharwar

Collectorate

Ll

16

1000

16

16000

Minor

Canarese

Poetical

IiI

163

302000

Anthology

2000

151

Catechism of Vaeccination

LI

Ro. 1.6

1500

16

24000

The Gospel of Mark

18°

4725

70

330750

On Fatalism

i0F

16°

3000

40

120000

Blindness Cured

1I

- Cr. 37

5000

16

80000

Story of an Actor and of a

Princess .

1I

”

32°

5000

16

80000

Canarese First ].3001; of

Lessons (Madras)

VIII

. Dy. 156

10000

67

670000

Canarese Third Book of

Lessons (Madras)

IV

16°

1000

262

262000

Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress

Part T.

16

1000

183

183000

Arithmetic Part 11.

12°

3000

202

606000

III

67

4000

16

64000

Description of South Canara

(]

The Gospel of Matthew

18

5000

106

530000

80

Canarese Almanac for 1882

SJ

6600

80

480000

00

»

Commentary to the

00

New Testament, continued

(pp. 161-512)

80

1000

352

352000

00

L

Malayalam.

Kéralopakari, 1881, 8th year

80

500

196

98000

)00

Pothan’s Elementary Geo-

graphy, Part II. India

. 167

3000

95

285000

000

78

Edition

Size

Pages

Tot. Pages

Copies

Essentials of Malayalam

Grammar

11

165

6000

852

192000

The Book of Psalms

T4 cr

16°

2000

196

392000

The Poetical Books of the

0Old Testament

1K

”

16

1060

368

368000

The Lost Purse

16

3000

20

60000

A Call

1I

32°

5000

20

100000

Fear God

II

32°

5000

16

80000

The Fruit of Bad Company

11

32°

5000

20

100000

Kapiolany

1l

324

0000

19

95000

11

32°

5000

12

60000

The Parables: Lost Sheep ete

The Runaways

11

32°

5000

20

100000

Thou shalt not Steal

IT

15

32°

5000

(5000

The Grapes

1I

32°

5000

16

80000

Pothan’s Arithmetic Part I

11

12

5000

189

945000

Do

do

Lon ]

IIT

123

3000

46

138000

Do

History of India

Part I

11

16°

1000

140

140000

Garthwaite’s Arithmetic

Bart L

1I

12°

5000

169

945000

A First Catechism (of Rel1g10n)

1I

1000

53

53000

First Book of Lessons

VIII

8()

10000

680000

Second Reader

16

10000

108

1080000

Agricultural Class-Book

2

2000

75

150000

On the Management of little

Children .

12°

1000

59

59000

40

1500

32

48000

Pothan’s Copy Book No 3

Do

Slips,

»

3

%

Roy 8

1000

32

2000

i

Do

Copy Book

”

il

80

3000

32

96000

Do

do

»

1I

80

3500

52

182000

Almanaec for 1882

80

3500

80

280000

i

Revised Bible (continued), Romans

842

8000

21

168000

111, Tamil

Ty

Garland of Song, with Tunes

L. ¢r

80

1000

16

16000

I |

R A0

79

v

English, Anglo-Vernacular elc.

Edition: Size: Copies: Pages: Tot. Pages:

80

500

439

219500

Konkani Grammar

1

Forty-first Report of the B. K.

130000

Missionary Society for 1880

1300

100

Report of the General Conference

of the B. M. in India (German).

160

180

28800

16

10000

78

780000

Anglo-Malayalam First Book

, Tamil

Second

”

I

12

8000

263 2104000

Do

Third

II

¥a°

8000

248 1984000

”

Total Copies 241,115

Pages 20,328,630

i

3. The Book and Tract Depository,

)

has been carried on by Mr. Krapf. He supplies 20 Branch

Depots, and employs 12 Colporteurs in our Mission.

The Sales from the 1st July 1880 to 30th June 1881 are as follows:

0

Of our own publications:

29305 Copies Canarese Religious Books & Tracts 1915 10

0

94

6

476

99

Tulu

29

79

99

29731

29

Malayalam

99

o)

v)

1302

14

] &

)0

12

N\

=

b

97

99

English

9

919

29

)0

4241

)

Canarese School-Books

1505

00

49

79

Tulu

99

00

5030

99

99

1247

00

Malayalam

346

99

English

o

348

z

(ayE (Nelpa@m) op

00

Of other publications:

44703

00

29

Engl. and Vernac. Books & Tracts 14808 6 4

0

1397

29

Rs. 2123713 10

)00

Of the above Books and Tracts, 12 Colporfenrs sold:

)00

30926 Copies for Rs. 2090-1-9.

)00

As to the results of the Colportage of Religious Books and

00

Tracts most of our Missionaries will find that A». Ziegler

in Dharwar lends words to their experience.

He says:

000

80

e

In the country the preaching of the Gospel is better received

than in towns.

Last year we met in different places with attentive

hearers.

We find repeatedly that our Religious Books and Tracts

not only find their way to places where one would hardly have ex-

pected to meet with them, but that they are also read attentively.

Such experiences cannot but act as a new stimulus and

encourage us not to be tired in well doing.

We desire to tender our heart-felt thanks to the Religious

Tract Society, London, for the liberal grant of 300 Reams of

printing-paper, and to the Madras Auxiliary Bible Society for

84 Reams.

V. INDUSERIAL ANlD MERCANTILE

ENTERPRISES.

Weaving Establishments.

Of these there are three, one

each at Mangalore, Cannanore (with Branches at Tellicherry

and Chombala), and Calicut (with a Branch at Codacal). They

|

have all had a prosperous year.

We had the pleasure of

welcoming back /7. Digel to his work.

He arrived early

in 1881.

Mr. Schonthal, Manager of the three North-Malabar

Weaving Establishments, was deputed by our Industrial Com-

mittee at Home to visit in the interest of our Mission the

8

1§

“Calcutta Exhibition of Indian Arts and Manufactures”, to

which all our Weaving and other Industrial Establishments

1§

contributed various specimens of their work.

It was opened

on the 4th of January 1882 and lasted for two months.

The Carpenter Shop at Calicut, has done pretty well; 477.

Benner, the Manager, however, has had a good deal of family

troubles.

81

Tile-Works.

Of these we have two, one at Mangalore

The demand for tiles has

(Jeppu) and another at Calicut.

been so great that we have been forced to enlarge both Esta-

blishments.

In the Mangalore Works a steam-engine has

been introduced, which was started on the 21st of November.

Nearly all the Missionaries of the Station were present on

the occasion, and special prayer was offered up.

The Mechanical Workshop at Mangalore. Mr. C. Hittinger,

f

who has erected and conducted this KEstablishment under

many difficulties, being forced to seek new strength in Europe,

gave over charge to A4r. Slaib on the 1st of February.

Mercantile Establishments.

Of these there are Zkree, one

at Mangalore (with a Branch at Cannanore), one at Mercara

and a third at Calicut (with a Branch at Vythery).

The influence, our Industrial Missionaries exercise on their

subordinates and labourers by opening the day with morning

i

prayer, by explaining the Scripture portions read in a manner

Iy

suiting their understanding and correcting any wrong notions

]

which may have taken hold of their minds, cannot be over-

of

rated.

Besides, a good deal of care is taken-to make the

Iy

workmen provident and thrifty: a sick-fund and a savings-bank

have been, for this purpose, started in most of our Establish-

ments.

)l

Any help and assistance our Lay-missionaries may

)il

give us in the Congregations or by preaching to the heathen,

the

is in accordance with the wish of our Home Committee, and

is thankfully received by us.

t0

nts

ned

lig

ol

11

82

e

VI

NATIVE HELPERS,

Native Pastors.

One having been pensioned last year, we

have only severz Native Pastors at present.

Catechists.

We close this year with 59 Catechists and 16

Be-

Evangelists, in all 75 against 69 on the preceding one.

sides five students of the Mangalore Seminary (see page 74)

three Evangelists have been installed. We mention with deep

sorrow, that two of our Catechists, one of whom a very able

man, had to be struck off the list on account of moral

shortcomings. The Catechists belonging to each Station meet

once a month, at most of their several head-quarters, for

prayer, preaching and instruction.

The yearly provincial meetings of Catechists took place in

1

South-Mahratta from the 28th of July to the 3rd of August

§

under Messrs. Thumm and F. Ziegler, and in Canara from

the 8th to the 14th of October at Mangalore, Messrs. Mianner,

Graeter, Walz and Hock taking part in it.

N

Our 75 Catechists and Evangelists are engaged as follows

01

DISTRICTS

1

g

Parochial

Assistants

Out-stations

Days

Itineracy

= School-work

# Itineracy

il

Cahara—Coorg .

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South-Mahratta

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Malabar

34

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18

2829

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—

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132

Nilagiris

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30

| 4541

No. 2 are employed as assistants in Congregations at the different Stations.

hag

No. 3 are in charge of Out-stations and do Evangelistic and Itinerary work.

No. 4 are taken up by Itineracy.

No. 5 gives the days spent by the Catechists

By

in Itineracy and will help to the proper appreciation of work done in each

e

District.

the;

83

——

When we bear in mind that each one of this little band is

called upon to be a fellow-worker together with God, in an emi-

nent sense of the word, we heartily wish they all may remember

this fact and realize it in their work. The Lord Himself endue

them with strength and wisdom “to minister the Gospel of

God, that the offering up of the Gentiles might be acceptable,

being sanctified by the Holy Ghost” (Rom. xv. 16).

Christian Schoolmasters.

There are now 77 Christian

Schoolmasters against 70 of the preceding year.

They are

employed in our Boarding-, Parochial-, Vernacular-, Anglo-

;t

Vernacular and High Schools.

The Teachers of the different Schools Ireceive at their

several Stations monthly instruction; they meet once a year

I

in their different districts to go through a regular course of

In Malabar Messrs. Knoblock and

{

study in various subjects.

Frohnmeyer in August, and in Canara at Udapy Aessrs.

£

A. Zicgler and Hock from the 26th to the 30th of September

superintended the scheme.

Christian Schoolmistresses. We have now 26 Schoolmistresses,

or one more than in 1880. They are employed in our Girls’ Or-

phanages, Girls’ Parochial-, Infant- and Heathen Girls’ Schools.

Heathen Schoolmasters.

Owing to the increase in the

.;;:

number of Schools, the number of Heathen Schoolmasters

has risen to 45 against 34 of the preceding year.

1‘::

Colporteurs.

We have two kinds of Colporteurs: the one

to hawk about our Religious Books and Tracts—of these we

9

have twelve men, paid by the Mission—the other for the sale

)

of Scripture portions and Bibles.

Of these latter Malabar

has at present five men, who are paid by the Madras Auxiliary

0N

Bible Society. Looking at the pioneering work done by both,

otk

1ists

we feel deeply thankful to the different Committees for finding

eaCh

their salaries.

o 1%

s

84

VII

EUROPEAN LABOURERS.

The list heading this feport shows the staff of our Mission-

aries on the 1st of January 1882,

We try now to give a short

resumé of the changes which have occurred from April 1881

to April 1882,

Ordination,

Mr. F. Matthisser has received ordination on

the 17th of April 1881,

Reinforcements.

Mr. & Mrs. Schmolck and Mrs. Kaun-

dinya have returned to their old spheres of labour in Malabar

and Coor

Mr. F. Staib has been appointed to the Mechanical Work-

shop at Mangalore, Messrs. K. Ernst and F. Eisfelder to

Dharwar, Mp. F. Fischer to Honore, and Mziss 1. Mader to

Mangalore for School-work.—The following Missionaries have

§

married during the course of the year: Miss H. Wolf was mar-

vied to Mr. Kiihnle, Miss H. Lauffer to My. Weismann,

Miss D. Ffleiderer to My. Hoch, Miss H. Haurt to Mr. Krapf,

Miss Dfawu to My. Knausenberger, Miss Bofinger to My.Warth.

t

Pensioner.

{l

Mr. H. A. Kaundinya has been pensioned.

On this account Anandapur has been placed under the same

he

charge as Mercara.

1

Departures.

On account of failing health, Messrs. Thumm

and Lzlze and their families left for Europe in the begin-

hoy

ning of March.

I

For the same reasons Messrs. Diez,

Hittinger, Schenkel, and Walter and their families purpose leayv-

0b]

fan

ing in the beginning of April.

The widowed Mrs. A. Ziegler

and four little orphans will accompany them. Also M. &

Wh

o |

Mys. Walz with two infants intend leaving at the same time.

Sick-list. What we wrote last year about the improvement

1,

Bay

in the climate of South-Mahratta, we are forced to partly

qualify, as, strange to say, most of our Missionaries and their

tl’ay

heat

85

—

families have suffered a good deal from fever and other com-

plaints during the year under review.

Especially Hubly has

been very feverish, at least the part which is inhabited by

the Europeans and Native Christians. Messrs. Schenkel, Lutze,

Knausenberger,

Hasenwandel,

and the following ladies

Myrs. Litze, Mrs. Roth,

Mys. Schenkel, Mrs. Thumm, Mrs.

Ziegler, as also Mrs. Graeter, Mrs. Benner and Mrs. Mreg,

have suffered more or less; some of them were near death’s

door.

But praised be God for His having spared their lives.

We desire to express our heart-felt thanks to all our

kind medical advisers and friends, especially Dr. Eyre at

Mangalore, Dr. Cook at Calicut, and Dr. General Foseph at

Cannanore.

We beg to be excused the oversight that in our last year’s

0

Report we omitted to acknowledge Dr. M. Robinson’s kind

6

services to our Principal, the Rez. O. Schotf, when sick in

Mercara in the beginning of 1881,

i

Deaths.

Several of our Missionaries are sorrowing over

f

the death of beloved children.

We grieve too on account of

fh

the deaths of Mr. Burkhardt, Mys. Ruhland, My. A. Zicgler

ol

here out in India, and Dr. Mogling and Mrs. G. FPfleiderer

e

in Furope.

We subjoin a short obituary.

Adolph Burkhardt, son of the Rev. Mr. Burkhardt in Basel, was

il

born on the 8th of December 1848. Hearrived in India as a Mercantile

il

Missionary in 1872.

His humble, unpretentious, conscientious and

it

obliging ways endeared him to his fellow-labourers.

During the

9V

famine he assisted in superintending relief-works in South-Mahratta.

lot

‘Whilst there he suffered much from fever, and after his return

&

to Mangalore in 1880 during the monsoon, from dropsy. He left

Mangalore on the 7th of May 1881 to recruit his strength at

e

ot

Bangalore.

But the Lord willed that it should be otherwise.

‘Whilsé

travelling by rail, Mr. Burkhardt took ill from the excessive

ully

heat shortly after reaching Palghaut.

In Salem he was found

hoil

86

A

to have violent fever, and was, besides, insensible and speech-

less.

He was removed to a first-class carriage, as being more

and a

comfortable,

railway-apothecary travelled with him to

Jollarpett.

The Rev. Mr. Deane of Madras, who was in the

same compartment rendered all the assistance in his power, and as

Mr. Burkhardt did not answer when spoken to in English, Mr. Deane

addressed him in German, thinking that he might not know the

former language. But he never spoke, and never rallied, and arrived

in the same state at Jollarpett.

The carriage at this place was

shunted on to the Bangalore line, and the patient was not moved.

Another apothecary was ordered to proceed with him to Bangalore,

but a few minutes before the train started, he folded his arms and

died.

An inquest was held by the Tahsildar of Tripatore, and the

evidence went to show that death was caused by sunstroke.

Mr.

D. Eppinger at Bangalore whose guest Mr. Burkhardt was to

f

have been, on hearing of his demise by telegram, came from

Bangalore to attend the burial of the deceased.

The Railway

|

Officials at Jollarpett rendered all the assistance in their power

th

while Mr. Burkhardt lived, and all attended his funeral.

They

g

carried the coffin to the graveyard, where the service was read by

thy

the Station Master, and several ladies of the station sent wreaths of

he

flowers to be laid on it, and everything that could be done was done

§tg

on the occasion®™.

[

We take this opportunity of thanking the Railway-

ey

Authorities, Railway-Officials and all who assisted our late

oy

brother whilst alive and befriended the dead when far away

the

The Lord who considers a

from his kinsmen and friends.

duy

Woy

cup of cold water given to his little ones as given to Himself,

reward and bless them.

wih

Iion

Elise Ruhland, neé Kocherhans, was born in Basel in 1850 and

B0y

came to Malabar in 1876, where she assisted in the Girls’ Orpha-

In 1879 she was married to Mr. Ruhland, then

nage at Calicut.

* The details of his last moments we owe to the Bangalore Herald, which

Day

we acknowledge with thanks.

?‘Li

87

e

stationed at Palghaut. During the hot season of 1881 she felt very

nervous, especially so when the Anglo-Vernacular School-house in

Palghaut was set on fire by three school-boys on the 6th of June

She began soon to feel feverish.

Her husband took her on the 10th

for medical treatment to Calicut.

The fever never left her.

When

she heard that the Doctor feared for her life, she quietly replied:

“I should like to live, yet I am mnot afraid to die.”

Shortly after-

wards she most calmly gave her last injunctions to her husband,

assured him of her salvation in Christ, and that she was not afraid

of death. She called for her child, and after having solemnly blessed

it, handed it over to her husband.

Towards her end she found

comfort in the beautiful verse of the German Hymn:

“Ich bin dein;

sprich Du darauf Dein Amen” (i.e. I am thine, say Thou to it Thy

“Amen!” Dearest Jesus, Thou art mine), and on the 25th of May at

0

8p. M. she fell asleep in the Lord.

Gustav Adolph Ziegler® was born on the 12th of March 1848 at

1y

Méglingen in Wiirttemberg. After his eonversion, he wished to serve

el

the Lord in the Mission.

He was received in 1865 into the Mission-

ey

house at Basel, and whilst he was studying earnestly for the Ministry,

by

the Franco-German war broke out. This rendered it necessary that

of

he should join in July 1870 the Depot of his Regiment, which was

stationed at Chenneviers on the Marne, before Paris. After being sent

né

to head-quarters, he wrote: “The French whom the German army

Y

were blockading in Paris were making great exertions to break through

our lines. 'What a wrestling it was on the 30th of November and on

afe

the 2nd of December! My Regiment had heavy losses, especially

73]

during the second sally, after which half of their number lay dead and

g &

wounded. After the battle, I joined as a volunteer to render assistance

ell

to the wounded and bury the dead. I cannot give an adequate deserip-

tion of the terrible sights I saw. The wounded were lying on the cold

and

ground in a biting cold till some should come to take pity on them.”

... . “When off duty, I assisted our Military Chaplain in distributing

ph

then

* We extract from “Le Missionaire, Organe de la Mission baloise pour les

ghich

pays de langue Francgaise, paraissant le 15 de chaque mois,” a monthly,

which we recommend to our friends acquainted with French.

88

New Testaments. Soldiers being in many respects different men in

the field than they are in garrison, I was always welcome, no matter

whether the man was a Protestant or a Roman Catholic, and even

After his return into the Mission-house he

treated with respect.”

writes: “Although I have taken part in conquering an enemy, yet

the enemy I will have to encounter as a Missionary is a great deal

more powerful. Yet in the name of the Lord I venture to answer the

call.”

In the fall of 1872 he reached Udapy in Canara, where he

was placed in charge of the Orphanage and, some time afterwards,

of the Normal School. From 1874, when he married, his wife, Miss

S. L. Beitter, looked after the domestic affairs of the Orphanage..

During the rainy season of 1881, he was seized with a malignant

fever.

On the 6th of October he was brought to Mangalore for

the sake of medical aid.

The sickness, however, gained head, and on

the 17th of October with the setting sun his spirit was called away to

be with the Lord. Shortly before his death he exclaimed in Canarese:

“O what a glory!” asking those around him, “Have you not seen it?

It was really beautiful!”

‘When we look to the boys of the Udapy Orphanage, we cannot

but say they have lost a loving father and friend in him. As regards®

his widow and orphan children, the Lord will also in their case

fulfil His gracious promises.

Dr. Herrmann Frederic Mogling,* the eldest son of Dean Mogling

in Giiglingen, was born the 29th of May 1811.

Even as an infant,

‘When little more than three

he was gifted with precocious talents.

years old, his mother died (1814), and yet he remembered certain

verses of Scripture, and a short prayer that she taught him.

He had

a special talent for mastering the classical languages. When he matri-

culated, a piece of German which was dictated, had to be translated

into Latin. He, however, wrote it down immediately in that language

and handed it over to the examiner, who exclaimed: “Macte puer”

E

(Hail, my boy). He passed the examination. Extremely fond of the

Greek, Latin, and German poets, he forgot, as he confessed, the true

0]

* Dp. H. Gundert has described the life of this remarkable man: “Herrmann

Mégling, Ein Missionsleben in der Mitte des Jahrhunderts.” 1882.

Iy

89

S

He spent five

aim of learning, and entirely neglected the Bible.

years at the University in Tiibingen, a period which he afterwards

denounced as badly spent. A good natured and loving companion,

ahead of most of his fellow-students in abilities, he most unwillingly

submitted to the rules laid down in the College.

In 1834 .he

“T was

became Curate to his father who was then at Mdssingen.

now in the ministry, and although I hated the insipidity of unbelief

which I found in others, I was unbelieving and fleshly minded

i)

myself,”” he says. Desirous to know the members of the Congre-

gation he made house-to-house visits, and thus he came in contact

with believers.

Their meetings attracted him.

He obtained the

16

assurance that there is a communion of Saints, that the Holy

)L

Spirit works in them, and that the New and Old Testaments are

0

divine power and truth. It pleased God to reveal His Son Jesus

t0

Christ unto him, and at the same time he felt called to go and

In 1835 he entered the Mission-

preach the Gospel to the heathen.

14

house, and in 1836 he was sent to South-Mahratta, where he

helped to found a Mission Station in Dharwar.

Here he learned

106

Canarese with great success so that he became a master of the

language in after years.

In 1838 he was ordered to Mangalore,

rds

980

where he from 1838 to 1852, spent his full man’s strength.

Conscious how much depended for the success with the Mis-

sionaries on simplicity of life, and filled with enthusiasm to

i

i

imitate the pattern of the Apostles, yet not exercising sufficient

1166

judgment, he was sometimes carried away by his good intentions.

To become all to all, he was bent on coming down to the

fall

pad

level of the Natives with respect to exposure to the climate and

Atk

their manner of living.

His strong mind being backed by a

powerful constitution, he thought he was doing right in walking

ated

0a

26

or riding even in the heat of the sun great distances and in suffering

e

hunger, if necessary.

He is said to have marched from Mangalore

to Hubly, a distance of about 200 miles at one stretch, scarcely resting

the

L

on the road, and only after arrival he lay down to a long sleep.

In

Mangalore he let out the Mission Bungalow on rent and lived in a native

l m’mn

hut, a little boy cooking his food in native style.

Remonstrances

12

90

B

of his fellow-labourers being of no avail, a visit of the well known

Dr. Hiberlin effected his return to that way of living, most suitable

to Europeans in the tropics. Mdgling’s chief work consisted first of

all in his literary pursuits.

He collected and edited under the title

of ¢“Bibliotheca Carnatica” the chief Canarese authors, and next to

the late Mr. Weigle, he took a prominent part in translating the

Bible.

Through his Christian books he became in the Canarese

“He is also the author of 120

Church one of the first authors.

Canarese Hymns.

Especial mention deserves to be made of the

Anglo-Vernacular School in Mangalore founded by him, in which

he and Mr. Weigle worked conjointly with such success that on the

6th of January 1844 three Brahman youths were converted, in conse-

quence of which there was a great commotion among the heathen

and Mohammedans of that town.

He originated also the Seminary

for Catechists in Mangalore, where he educated several able men who

still cherish the memory of their able and loving teacher.

It must,

however, in strict justice be said that Moegling, who did not succeed

in becoming a Native himself, did perhaps encourage too much

European ways in his pupils.

As a preacher in the bazaars and in

Church, before Heathens and Christians he was indefatigable and

attractive.

He also originated the ¢ndustrial pursuitsin our Mission,

|

and thus he planted many a useful seed for the benefit of the Native

Church to be cultivated by his successors.

In spite of his great

learning, spiritedness, and of the fact that he originated severaj

important branches of our Mission-work, he in true Christian humi-

lity confessed his many imperfections.

Yet to those who demand

of Missionaries a special display of spirituality, he could say: “We

are men of like passions with yourselves.”

In 1852 a Sanyasicame

down from Coorg and was baptized by Mogling.

He followed the

man up to Coorg, severed his connection with the Basel Mission, and

carried on his work supported by English friends, till the Basel

|

Committee took up the work in 1858.

He founded a large School

which became afterwards the Government School in Mercara, and in

1856 he originated a Christian seitlement for the despised race of

Holeyas, a caste of slaves, at Anandapur.

At the age of 45 he

9l

e

In 1860

married the widow of his friend and step-brother, Weigle

after 24 years’ work in India (interrupted by 2 furloughs home) he

returned to Europe for good.

At home he was at first agent for our Mlssmn at Frankfurt o/m

(1861-62), then he was rector of Gruppenbach (1862-69), when he

married a second time

In 1869 he took his discharge in order to

devote all his spare time to the tramslation of the Canarese Com-

mentary

hich he was only able to carry as far as Proverbs xxvii. 5

a Chapter beginning with “Boast not thyself of tomorrow for thou

knowest not what a day may bring forth,” when his Heavenly Master

bade him come up higher

In the spring of 1881 shortly after the Con-

firmation of his youngest daughter, he was seized with a severe inflam-

When a friend visited him, he told him with some

mation of the lungs

difficulty

I am being weighed in the balance and I am afraid

hat I shall be found wanting.” “True, but Jesus is surety and covers

the deficit.” the friend replied, when Migling with an animated

countenance rejoined “O yes, He is able, He can and will ‘v When the

prayer was offered up that he too may be found in heaven on that

great day with all the blessed ones, he answered with a weak but firm

voice, ““Amen, be it so on the great day to which we look forward.”

He breathed his last at Esslingen on the 10th of May 1881 being

nearly three score and ten years old

In Dr. Mogling our Mission loses another of her Pioneers

Not only the Native Church, but also his successors owe him

a great debt of gratitude

His Missionary zeal and his un-

selfishness, which put his shortcomings into the shade, de-

serve to be acknowledged and imitated by all

When we

look to the Churches which owe most to him, we exclaim

Churches in South-Mahratta, Canara and Coor

“remember

the end of your Teachers!”

;1

Johanna Caroline Catharine Pfleiderer was born in Ludwigsburg

Her father, Medicinal

(Wiirttemberg) on the 28th of October 1839

if

Privy Councellor, Dr. A. H. Werner, when she was young, founded a

children’s hospital at Ludwigsburg, and thereby showed to his

0

12:%

e

children how a living Christian, ur;ged by the love of Christ, forgets

himself in being spent for the welfare of others, in the relief of their

bodies, and in the salvation of their souls.

Her natural gifts and piety were well developed, especially in

Kornthal, where the Rev. Mr. Staudt and a number of teachers exer-

cised a good influence on her character and where she found a

congenial element in a circle of pious young girls.

She was a teacher

in an Institution at Ecclepans, when she married Mr. Gottlob Pfleiderer,

the General Agent of our Mission in Mangalore, at the close of the

year 1859.

After coming out to India, she lost no time in learning

Talu.

She began her scholastic work with the superintendence of the

girls of the Congregation in needle-work. -Later on she related Bible

Stories to them.

She was a good singer and inspired her pupils with

a love of music.

But this did not satisfy her; her heart yearned

for

the conversion of the heathens.

‘With this object in view

she assisted in the Brahman Girls’ School in Mangalore.

Although

she eventually became the mother of a large family to whom she gave

a full share of her time, she was ever busy in doing good.

She had

not the title of Zenana Missionary; but, as a matter of fact, she spent

many an afternoon in the families of her pupils, where she was al-

ways welcome.

She was called in emergent cases, not only to the families of

Missionaries and of our Native Christians, but also to those of

Roman Catholics and Heathens.

‘Whenever sufficiently well her-

self, she was ever ready at any hour of the day or night to

assist her suffering sisters, many of whom owe their recovery,

next to God, to her skilful management.

Her husband being

ordered to return home in 1880,

she accompanied him after

21 years’ faithful work as a deaconess.

They went to reside

at Basel, where her husband was appointed head of the Indus-

trial and Mercantile Branches of our Mission.

In February

1882, she took ill with inflammation of the lungs.

All her friends

thought she might recover; but she seems to have known from

the first that her end was approaching. All her children, to whom

she had spoken one by one and exhorted during the day to

93

e

lead a life pleasing God, were gathered round her bed in the evening,

when she sang with them the Doxology: “The grace of our Lord Jesus

Christ ete.” adding in singing : “ Hallelujah, Amen, Hallelujah!” After

this (at 9 ».m.) she began to wander and fell asleep in Jesus at 9 ..

on the 20th of February 1882.

In concluding our Obituary we ask the Lord to comfort

all, who grieve, and to heal the wounds He has inflicted.

Conclusion,

At the end of another year we praise God for His faith-

fulness and mercies and ask Him to continue with us and to

teach us His ways.

We thank our friends héartily for all their sympathy and

help, and beg of them to lift up praying hands for us and to

support us in our wants.

Let us all be up and doing His

glorious work. May the Lord soon bring about the time when

«the kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our

Lord and of His Christ; and He shall reign for ever and ever.”

Hev. x1. 15

Amen,

)}

o

ERRATA:

p. 14, the total of first column (Ordained Missionaries) is to. be 46,

'Y

instead of 45.

dv

p- 40. 17. 1. b. read 4 Ordained, instead of 5,

m

n

t0

Expenditure of the Mission

|

—during the year 188l.

— AN A e

Rs

As

Personal Expenditure of the Missionaries

(exclusive of the Industrial and Mer-

=

cantile Brethren) .

69,963

Journeys and Home-Passages

31307

Munshis

1,278

Native Pastors, Catechists and Evangelists

91,222

Postages

1,053

Libraries .

249

fd

Special Reliefs

142

Medical Expenses

1,287

Schools, English and Vernacular

91,518

Orphanages, Boys’ and Girls’

20,763

Catechist- and Preparandi Schools

7,754

Buildings, Repairs and Rents

9,198

Ut = Ot U~ O = i Ol O

Purchases of Compounds

1,730

14

Taxes and Agricultural Outlays

1,774

Publishing and Colportage Department

2,600

Furniture

—

1,399

Administration

3,110

(::j

et e S en il Hop il (8 S SO iy o) a0 s Klemlis i o) i ew)

Total Rs

196,383

10

()

i, & O, F

Mangalore, 31st December 1881.

. % %&é&% .

o S ————

SUBSCRIPTIONS AND DONATIONS

TOWARDS THE MISSION FUND

Received during the year 1881.

Rs

As

Rs

J. Janni Esq.

AT MANGALORE.

100

C. Miiller Esq.

z

H. 8. Thomas Esq., Madras

Brig. Genl. H. O’Connell,

C. Marcks Esq.

10

Ootacamund

100

. L. Latham Esq.

10

J. Sperschneider Esq., M. D.

Gustav Reifferscheid Esq.

Trevandrum

94

2

James Macdonald Esq.

Rev. Dr. H. Gundert, Calw

50

H. B:

J. Sturrock Esq., Mangalore 20

G. C. Gilder Esq.

Part of the late Mr. Burck-

Simon Macdonald Esq.

hardt’s effects

50

1

0

Rev. J. G. Deimler

é

Siclc ciciclc oo o

c o o000 o000l

Deimler,

Collected by the Rev. ¥. G.

Bombay.

By the Rev. A. Manner.

120

II. Conder Esq.

25

J. W. Best Esq.

James Kingsmill Esq.

10

J. Sturrock Esq.

20

J. Brandenburg Esq.

10

W. C. 8. West Esq.

29

Col. Benwell

26

W. Mackinlay Esq.

E. Miller Esq.

G. J. Boyd Esq,

20

J. Neuberg Esq.

25

J. Spencer Esq.

W. Williams Esq.

C. Millet Esq.

F. Rowland Esq.

10

R. S. Anderson Esq.

§

ol iilcnt S et el (e e e aian

DS e OO O R )

James Bapty Esq.

AT MULKY.

J. Hutton Esq.

W. Carroll Esq.

BB 0.

AT HONORE.

Pickering Clark Esq.

H. W. Graham Esq.

é

R. E. Candy Esq., Karwar

30

Theodor Knaust Esq.

10

H. Todd Esq.

”

5

J. Macfarlane Esq.

C. P. Wiltshire Esq.

Edmond Charpie Esq

Col. C. F. Mac'Gillvery

P. Graham Esq.

Surgeon Major C. F. Peters

g

:5:

OSSO QOO S O OGSO O S D

SESHGES & OO OIS NS IO OIS Ol (D)

E. F. Candy Esq.

20

oSO o o o

oo oo o S

Geo. Richardson Esq

96

—_—

Rs

As

l)

Rs. As

AT MERCARA.

For Lighting of the Chapel.

Col H. G. Thomson

J. W. Reid Esq.

10

Col. W Hill

24

)

The Brethren of H. M’s.

76

6

Rev. G. Richter

24

<

2nd Bedford Regiment

24

C. Soobiah Esq.

Mr. A. Brockmann

22

AT TELLICHERRY.

120

W. Wright Esq.

24

J. W. Reid Esq.

24

A. Gover Esq.

100

E

. Meynell Esq.

F

. B. Dickinson Esq.

12

AT CALICUT.

J

. Green Esq.

20

36

240

P B e e R T

Rev. A. Fennell

W. Logan Esq., C.s

T)

Dr. M. Robinson

SISO DO S S

SNONO O BN D OO SIS

H. Wigram Esq., C. s.

180

G. Mae’Watters Esq., C. 8

50

hif

AT DHARWAR.

25

V. A. Brodie Esq., c. 8

N

Major Hay

Rev. J. Sharp

24

(o

C. Wiltshire Esq.

H. D. Cook Esq. M. D.

i6

%

C. A. Anding Esq.

50

G. Henke Esq.

Lo

W. Jukes Esq.

0. Eckelmann Esq.

48

12

Th

K. Laxton Esq.

F. D. Dinviddie Esq.

.

J. R. Middleton Esq.

25

30

W. Gantz Esq.

My

E. H.

50

W. Morgan Esq.

24

25

A

F. Summers Esq.

G. Madden Esq.

24

L. Buyers Esq.

50

LD S & © Qi O OO

REER

D. 8. Gilkison Esq.

J. B. Lushington Esq.

M. Scott Esq.

10

=)

(=i eo) am e el ()

Major Ketchen

Rev. J. Higgins

(31050 N2 (er)

ool oo @I (O OO NS

O ool O OO IO LN ON S

AT PALGHATUT.

ok

My

AT CANNANORE.

P. Ratnavelu Esq.

12

1

Genl. J. H. Prendergast

J. E. Dupen Esq.

112

T. E. Elsworthy Esq.

Major A. J. Hutchins

=

Pt el

0

)

Major S. E. Weston

o

H. D. Robinson Esq.

19

N

Mr. John Porter, A. S. M.

J. Tyrrel Esq.

M. E. Gay Esq.

My

Pay Master Sargeant Maxcey 10

Col. W. Rowlandson

2

J. Tomlinson Esq.

R

H D DY Oy HE RO S L OT

Dr. General Joseph

J. K. Gorman Esq.

Udal

V. A. Brodie Esq.

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9

D ONOND OO (O QIO D

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Mr. H. Webb

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Mr. W. Foster

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S OH OO SR @ RO NG OO

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AT KATT Y.,

Or

Mr. Ch. Stocking, Wynaad

J. Ch. Puddicombe Esq.,

Th. Onslow Esq.

80

8

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Manantoddy

20

J. Hodges Esq.

HUno;

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Mrs. Breeks

50

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St WO

W. E. Schmidt Esq

10

Mr. S. Antony

10

Bishop Sargent

B. G

W. C. Rhode Esq.

10

Mrs. Gray

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P. Flanagan Esq.

5

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Mrs. Foulis

10

L. B.

Lady Home

20

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A. 8. Cowdell Esq.

Mrs. Sinclair

A. Griffin Esq.

5

®OISISISORO IS D OO IO

c o000 0o o0co0ocood

AT KOTARGIRI.

The Honorable W. Hudleston,

20

Ag. Governor of Madras 50

=)

S

W. Woodhouse Esq.

Rev. Mr. Morley

o

&

(=)

()

Edw. Kindersley Esq.

5

N. A. Roupell Esq.

20

=

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Mrs. Johnston

(%)

Miss Cockburn

50

2

Collection at Zion's Chapel, Ooty

) 0

thro’ J. Hodges Esq.

22

Mrs. D. Cockburn

30

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) 0

Lord Bishop of Madras

50

R. F. Phillips Esq.

10

0

Th. Stanes Esq.

100

25

0

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J. G. Hill Esq.

00

J. G. C. Herklots Esq.

W. F. Macfarlane Esq.

10

00

Mrs. Hayne

Mrs. Griffith

0

A Friend’s Mite

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Donations from Membhers

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of the Congregations and

other Native Friends.

Mangalore:

Mr. Digambur Dalarga

2

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Mr

Jacob, Pudukotta,

Mr. 8. Bunyan, Honore

S,

p 0

near Cochin

39 10

Mr. J. Sonna

[0.9)

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0

Mr. Lucas Joshua

12

0

(=)

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Mr. Thomas Pearl

9

0

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34

Mr. Samuel Anthony

p 0

Mulky:

Mr. David Kore

24

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Rev. Daniel Aaron

0

Dharwar: Mr. Dschaiwa Loker 4

00

Udapy:

Mr. Samuel Loker

=)

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Rev. Diego Fernandez

Mr

=

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Orphanage Boys

Mr

Abraham Boragai

Middle School

0

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My

Daniel Utengi

Orphanage Pie Collection

Mr

Bharma Honemise

Shirwa Congregation

Q0N an & O

:83

COEHED O O

Mr

Timotheus Isaac

Homnore:

Mr

Satyarthy Kaundinya

RS eiionl IR o e O

Rev, Titus Costa, Karwar 10

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Devapria Kondaya

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Women of the Weaving

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Salomon Karai’s first pay 3

Members of the Congr

12

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Women of the Weaving

Guledgud:

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Catech. Immanuel Furtado 1

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Joseph Bellagallu

Mr. Timothy at Mahé

Paul

”

Mr. Willy Allen

Mark Rangaradja

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0

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Sunday School Boys

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Mr. Joseph, B. A.

Ratna Kuri

Mr. J. Chittayagam

Stephan Sagare

Palghaut:

Congregation

J. N.

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Abraham Nagarahalli

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Buddhivanta Gudasalamane

Mr

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Maria Hosamane

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Mr. Jacob Kanaka

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Subscriptions and Donations for Schools, Orphanages

and Famine Orphans.

DHARWAR.

(13

= e

Rev. J. Higgins

Young Ladies at Basel

69

12

A Friend

2

HUBLY.

Major Hay

W. 8. Price Esq.

M. Hampton Esq.

J. F. Muir Esq.

ii

A Friend

200

W. Jukes Esq.

BETTIGERRY.

I.. Buyers Esq.

A Friend

200

E. H.

S

(=)

Dr. D. Cardoz

10

F. Summers Esq.

J. R. Middleton Esq

Y

S

GULEDGUD.

Major Ward

SLOIS SIS DL S,

A Friend

200

0

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J. M. Francis Esq.

(5 G55

C. Blathwayt Esq., Kaladgi 20

DD DD = Ot e Ot

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O QSISO © O QIO O

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=

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H. Barret Esq.

§

99

S

As

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100

CALICUT.

E. Hosking Esq.

J. F. Yates Esq.

. Aitken Esq.

25

s

2

Dr. Dalal

Z

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E

Grove Esq.

20

F. Hearn Esq.

20

SIS I

E):.)

J. Dawson Esq.

2

SO0 D

I’g

Mrs. Ferguson, Nellampur

KAITY.

CANNANORE.

H. B. Grigg Esq., Director

Brethren of H.

M’s.

2nd

of Public Instruction

20

19

Mr. Th. Roberts

Bedford Regiment

Donations for the Sickhouse at Mangalore.

Acknowledged by Th. Digel Esg.

W. H. Comyan Esq.

20

Major Cox

11

0

0

Capt. W. Wicks

J. E. Boyd Esq.

W. Best Esq.

60

N. :N.

2

0

W. E. West Esq.

29

E. Millet Esq.

8

0

Miss Anderson

M. E. A.

0

J. Ball Esq.

Mr. Thomas Pearl

Mr. L. Joshua

10

0

Mrs. Ward

Col. Benwell

29

N. N.

9

(g)

J. Sturrock Esq.

18

SRS O © O RO IO O

SHOTS O S O OTO O

Donations towards the erection of a Chapel at Padur.

A Friend

100 0" 0

Through Sabhapatra

10

0

Collection in Zion’s Chapel

A. Planter through

at Ooty

78 0. 0

Rev. Ch.

Eble

30

(e}

Subscriptions towards the Mercara Cooly-Mission Fund.

Rev. A. Fennel

100

| A. J. Cole Esq.

0

100

18

F. Mangles Esq.

| H. Jameson Esq.

W. F. Simpson Esq.

10

B. Speechly Esq.

10

W. Scobie Esq.

20

G. Wood Esq.

10

C. R. Nicolson Esq.

10

S S O O

((g)}

Th. Gibson Esq.

Th. Craig Esq.

Z

o © O © © <

(e (= = o e i e S )

|

13%

100

e

Contributions of the Congregations (“Qhurch Tax”).

Rs

AsP

.

Rs

As. P.

5

4

0

70

15

Mangalore

Bettigerry

Mulky

96

=

Guledgud

76

6

Udapy

105

Cannanore

115

14

Karkal

10

58

Tellicherry

Kundapur

Chombala

51

Honore

Calicut

145

Mercara

11

=y

Codacal

48

12

Anandapur

Palghaut

28

14

Dharwar

25

10

Kaity

Hubly

54

(opi il 22 e (0 ofiei(em)iii(o s} ] Koo o e i |

S0 I OO IS Ol

Kotargiri

22

14

S O 0 O 0 O 0 O v ©

Grants-in-Aid.

MANGALORE

Balmattha Girls’ School, for 1880

195

Do

4-‘

Boys’ School, for 1880

Nireshwalya School, for 1880

46

14

Brahmin Girls’ School

52

12

Town School, Canarese

286

Balmattha Girls’ School, for 188

i

176

Do

Boys’ School, for 1881

.

60

12

Nireshwalya School, for 1881

35

Brahmin Girls’ School

103

-F

593

[e—y

Boys’ Anglo-Vernacular School

Girls’ Boarding School

103

MULK'Y

Parochial School .

°

24

Do

School, Utchila

12

UDAPY

Boys’ Boarding School

216

0

84

ANANDAPUR

Parochial School .

DHARWAR

Girls’ Boarding School

184

Anglo-Vernacular School.

465

97

Boys’ Elementary School .

HUBLY

Boys’ Boarding School

136

-

Parochial Girls’ School

50

Heathen Vernacular School

114

BETTIGERRY

Girls’ Boarding School

216

Boys’ Vernacular School .

GULEDGUD

Boys’ Boarding School

126

Koshtapete Primary School

64

25

S @ 00 OO G0 00, 0. 00 O IOl O © N

© S0 o CoCore 9 oo ® 0900 O Oc O O OO OND

Parochial School .

101

Rs

As

ik

CANNANORE

Parochial School

Mulil School

85

14

Chowa Parochial School

o

T

233

1H

TELLICHERRY

Boys’ Boarding School

Parochial School, for 1880 and 1881

.

152

sl

Parsee School

543

12

67

Vernacular School at Fxsher Village

Anjerkandy School

CHOMBALA

Girls’ Boarding School

433

13

826

CALICUT

High School, Salary Grants

Result Grants

621

Result Grants for 1880

220

150

For Chemical Apparatus

Heathen Girls’ School, for 1880-81

98

ot

Pudiangady School, for 1880

49

365

[y

Girls’ Boarding School

CODACAL

Parochial School

.

99

Paraperi Boarding School

°

30

86

S O O O W

PALGHAUT

Anglo-Vernacular School, for 1880

Parochial School

13

=

Heathen Girls’ School

25

21

Kannani School

09

Anglo-Vernacular School, for 1881

Kannani School, for 1881

83

26

o

Parochial School

.

°

°

19

Panayur School

KAITY

From Local Fund Board

©

192

54

S O O B OO O @

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOCCDOOOOObd

Do.

do

for the New Schools

NN N AN NN NN e

i

INDEX

[ O N

age

List of European Missionaries

3

»

»

Stations and Agents

6

1

Agency

.

14

Statistical

II

Pastoral Department

15

Summary

11T

Educational Department

16

Report

e

e

18

I.

The Native Church

19

1. Converts from Heathenism

J

2. Outer and Inner Growth

28

3. New Undertakings

39

1k

Evangelization

40

IIIL.

Education

66

IV,

Literary Department

75

I

1. Original Works and Compllamons

(o

2. The Printing Press

76

3. The Book and Tract Deposﬂzory

79

V.

Industrial and Mercantile Enterprises

80

VI

Native Helpers

82

VIIL

European Labourers

84

Conclusion

°

.

93

Expenditure of the Mlssmn in 1881

94

Subscriptions and Donations

95

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