GkVI40-35

GkVI40-35_1875 Provided by University Library of Tübingen Transcribed with Tesseract

This work is protected by copyright or related property rights but available in Open Access. The right of use and especially the right to reproduction is only granted within the legal limits of copyright law or due to the consent of the copyright holder.

Report of the Basel German Evangelical missionary society for 1874, 35 . e ) o o % o 2 B 3 35 v i . - ¥ 5 L 5 it s oo S e s . o e R — P s e 5 N12<524391237 021 W —_— D ik bl i e . i ol et it i il e s B i il o I w&i sttt iy BB B . ST S0 S SN ST AP RO L) WU BRI R LN Y63 | E REPORT OF THE Basel German Lvangelical WISSIONARY COCIETY FOR 1874 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT OF THE BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION IN SOUTH-WESTERN INDIA e e OO MANGALORE PRINTED BY STOLZ & HIRNER, BASEL MISSION PRESS 1875 I 6 Yl{]:SS A \Z & 4% 001UE e % S & s 5%, = (‘%' @ (¢ §- / 39538° N G Tasv e — - e S RS EEE S Eensiis the Western Boast of India, of ﬂre 3@&31%1 Grerman Hoangelical #ission on i st JANUARY 1875 { ! Agents of the ﬁlission. Schools. Under the care of the Mission. European Higher Boarding Parochial Heathen Mission- l\’ativef Agents. Schools Schools. Schools- Vernacular Present Church-Members. aries. Schools. % NAMES OF MISSION STATIONS. Christian Evangelists Schoolmistresses Schoolmasters instruction during 1874 1st January 1874 Established in the year Brethren Sisters Native Pastors Catechists and Christian Schoolmasters.| Non-Christian Number of Schools Seminary Training Schools Preparandi Schools § Girls é) Girls Anglo-Vernacular Schools Boys Girls Total of children under Number of Converts baptized Number of Church Members Communicants Non-Communicants Children Total Catechumens 1. Canara. Mangalore 1834 oy 124 7 278 15 1100 665 18 480 1163 15 Mulky L T T AT T ST T T S T S Y 1845 65 41 121 451 201 14 242 457 43 Udapy L T R S S S S S S Y 1854 63 ?i) 195 50 748 432 381 822 252 Karkal 1872 31 24 i 35 Honore 1845 42 20 34 58 Mercara R I R R SR S S S R 1870 26 19 26 3 O OU B W N = Anandapur ® s o 0 0 e s 0 s 0 8 0 e e 1853 DO DO DO DO W DO W N = O N OO OO NH=O H O = D W ® OO O OO S OO OO M P OISNSD N O H-=O WO © SIS DT DD (e}, femn) (el (eand {6 Ham) o) OISR DWD D, % § g) é (ol (e o) e (o) e} o) (e {cmy el ) f{ ooy Lo o é 33 § 117 60 10 44 114 39 11. South Mahratta. Dharwar 1837 48 73 128 44 26 35 61 Hubly 1839 21 18 42 70 166 10 168 69 98 172 Bettigherry 1841 19 99 120 159 59 53 114 11 Guledgud 90 o % s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 s e e s 1851 D = DO = BN () (e (=) Teeo) e e S I (SRR LR g O e O bt el QU OT W W B W (o) ol o) o) () (el o) ) % % 83 OIS OIS 96 O U b=t 89 42 DD DO Ot DD 45 89 NN B O II1. Malabar. 12 Cannanore T T I T S S S S Y 1841 33 23 79 135 480 240 219 467 13 L R R R R R Y 1839 [Sb) Tellicherry (o) 20 IS 205 g 397 349 161 180 348 14 Chombala D R S R SR S S Y 1849 51 iy 81 220 107 120 232 15 @aliculos o on e e 1842 57 74 28 186 397 ; 588 339 265 626 16 Codacal 1857 > ® 0000000 er et 28 20 48 255 123 101 232 1576 Palghaut I T S S S S 1858 Q) = 3 RO W Ot PG G G S L) O H OO O ~1 DO -1 b i © CU D QO DO B =3 QO o DD O = OB O o OU DD i = OO W (o) e o) il (cm) fem) (el ey Aanyiem) Hop flees) (el fen Hawl e il op dus) oD HIS 53 18 81 g iy | ) el (o) el il (i o) 204 § 135 72 g 67 150 g IV. Nilgherries. 18 Kaity $° 0 8 s s s e s s e s e e s s e e s 1846 18 30 38 28 23 51 5 19 Kotagherry 1867 0 0 0 0 0 — ) ] 0 65 37 0] Total 63| 36 64| 54 16 28 151 200 518} 311 641| 463 2429 128 5057 2714 130 2440 5284 449 72 Total of January 1874 AR o ST 62| 8D 2 64| 54 18 ; 9 z 163 207 369/ 280 686| 739 5;: 2628 228 4727 2615 97 2345 5057 287 —lt— | —— e el T e 0l 0 e Decrease during 1874 _)Y—————l—---- - ——— || s well 12 45( 276 et 29 199 100 o Increase ditto. 0f 0 149 31 330 99 33 95 227 16 s — e —— of 1 The 5 6. | [ 8. { J. | 10, Y 11, 10 13,1 LR 1, 1 1§, 0] 18 § 190 li European Missionaries of the Basel German Evangelical Mission. A. In India. [The letter (m.) after the names signifies: “married”, and the letter (w.): %widower.” The names of unordained Brethren are marked by an asterisk. ] Hative FHame Station @onnfry e R Date of ac- five Dervice . J. M. Fritz (m.) Germany 1839 | Cannanore . J. A. Biihrer (m.) Switzerland 1842 Kotagherry Ch. Miller (m.) Germany 1842 Tellicherry H.A.Kaundinya (m.) | India 1851 Anandapur K. A. E. Diez (m.) Germany 1851 Palghaut F. Kittel (m.) do 1853 Mercara G. Pfleiderer (m.)* do 1853 Mangalore J. Lauffer (m.) do 1856 Cannanore § J.Fr. A. Ménner (m.) do 1857 Udapy 10 W. Roth (m.) do 1857 Bettigherry il J. J. Brigel (m.) do 1858 Mangalore 12 do 1860 J. J. Thumm (w.) Hubly 13 Th. F. Schauffler(m.) do 1860 Calicut 14 India 1860 W. Stokes (m.) Kaity 15 Tit. Costa (m.) do 1861 Dharwar 16 Fr. Ziegler (m.)* Germany 1862 Hubly { J. B. Griter (m.) do 1863 Mangalore 18 S. Gundert (m.) do 1863 do 19 Ch. Réek (m.) do 1864 Cannanore 20 Th. Digel (m.)* do 1864 Mangalore 1% Hafive Fame Stafion Gounfry Dafe of ac- five Service 21 . J. Knobloch (m.) Germany 1865 Calicut 22 . 8. Walter (m.) Switzerland 1865 Chombala 23 . J. Miiller (m.) * Germany 1866 Mercara 24 Th. Walz (m.) do 1866 Mangalore 25 do 1867 Tellicherry J. Kittel (m.) 26 Ch. G. Weigele (m.) do 1867 Guledgud 27 Fr. Matthissen * Russia 1867 Calicut 28 Th. Elsisser (m.)* Germany 1867 do 29 do 1868 Codacal C. Linder (m.) 30 'W. Sehmolek (m.)* do 1869 Tellicherry do 1869 31 G. Ritter (w.) Udapy 32 G. Spillmann (m.)* Switzerland 1869 Calicut 1870 33 H. Daimelhuber (m.) Germany Mulky 34 J. A. Brasche (m.) do 1870 Udapy 1870 35 W. Sikemeier Holland Mangalore 36 W. P. Schénthal * Germany 1870 Cannanore 1871 37 N. Hibner do Hubly 38 N. Weitbrecht (m.) * do 1871 Mangalore 39 J. Hafner (m.) Switzerland 1871 Homnore 40 P. Ott Germany 1871 Karkal 41 'W. Niibling do 1871 Honore 42 Switzerland 1871 Chombala A. Bourquin 43 J. Welsch (m.) Germany 1871 Dharwar 44 G. Hirner* do 1871 Mangalore 45 C. Hiittinger * do 1871 do. i 46 do 1872 Bettigherry 'W. Hasenwandel (m.) 47 A. Burkhardt * Switzerland 1872 Mangalore 1872 48 A. Merkle Germany Palghaut 49 G. A. Ziegler (m.) do 1872 Udapy do 1872 Karkal 50 J. Hermelink 51 . G. Wagner do 187 Palghaut Hatipe Stafiott Hame Gonntry Rafe of ac- fine Dervice 52 A. Dobler Surinam 1872 Cannanore 53 J. . Veil 1872 Germany Anandapur 54 A. Kohler do 1873 Kaity 55 R. Hauri Switzerland 1873 Mangalore 56 E. Hérlin (m.) Germany 1873 Mulky 57 do 1873 J. Layer Kaity 58 C. Feuchter do 1873 Calicut do 1873 do 59 J. S. K. Ostermeier 60 G. Grossmann Switzerland 1874 Guledgud 61 R. Schenkel Germany 1874 Hubly 6 [5) = C. Pfleiderer do 1874 Mangalore 63 J. Baumann Switzerland 1874 do At Home 64 1843 Germany late of Kaity 65 s nhart (m.) Switzerland 1857 late of Cannanore 66 1;(1} do 1857 do do Schoch (m.)* 67 Mack (m.) Germany 1858 late of Mulky f%i 1859 late of Karkal 68 Hartmann (m.) Switzerland 69 E. H. Bergfeldt (w.) Germany 1860 late of Mangalore 70 J. Fr. Miiller (w.) do 1861 late of Udapy 1 C. S Stolz (m.)* Switzerland 1863 late of Mangalore B. On the Western Coast of Africa (GOLD COAST.) 72 J. &. Widmann (m.) | Germany 1842 Akropong 73 1846 Aburi J. Chr. Dieterle (m.) do 4 J. Zimmermann (m.) do 1849 Abokobi 75 J. A. Mader (m.) do 1851 Akropong * Taken from the lists of 1st January 1874 Fative Stafion lame Gonntry Dafe of ac- tive Dervice 76 H.L.Rottmann (m)* | Germany 1854 Akra 7 E. Schall (m.) do 1856 Christiansborg 78 M. Klaiber (m.)* do 1859 do 79 D. Eisenschmid (m.) do 1861 Kyebi 80 D. Asante (m.) Africa 1862 Kukurantumy 81 J. Chr. Fetzer (m.)* Germany 1863 Christiansborg 82 C. Schonfeld (m.) do 1863 Odumase 83 Ph. H. Bohner (m.)* do 1863 Abokobi 84 F.A.Ramseyer(m.)* Switzerland 1864 Capt. in Ashante 85 1865 Chr. Bellon (m.) Germany Akropong 86 Joh. Miiller (m.) do 1865 Akropong 87 J. Kithne* do 1866 Capt. in Ashante 88 G. J. Lodkolz (m.) do 1867 Aburi 89 H. Marchand* Switzerland 1868 Christiansborg 90 J. J. Walker (w.) Germany 868 Akropong 91 J. J. Fischer* Switzerland 1868 Christiansborg 92 L. Haas (m.) Germany 1869 Kyebi Q i J 3 Chr. Jm. Buhl (m.)* do 1869 Christiansborg 94 Joh. Kopp (m.)* do 1869 Odumase 95 J. J. Weber Switzerland 1870 Ada 96 J. G. Fritz (m.) Germany 1870 Christiansborg 97 Fr. Ziegel® do 1870 Akropong 98 P. Simonet™ France 1871 Ada 99 J. Klass™ Germany 1841 Christiansborg 100 1872 Abokobi A. Langhorst Germany Yi 101 P. Steiner do 1872 Christiansborg 102 R. Miiller* do 1872 do 103 R. Spengler™ do 1872 do 104 M. Miih do 1873 do 105 M. Miiller do 1873 Akropong 106 do do. Th. Essler 1873 e Hame Hative Station 1 @onntry Dafe of ac- f At Home 107 J. Mohr (m.) | Germany 1846 late of Aburi 108 J. G. Christaller (m.) do 1852 late of Akropong 109 do LR 1857 H. Laissle (m.) do do 110 J. Weiss (m.) Switzerland 1865 late of Abokobi €. In China. 111. R.C.F.Lechler (m.) | Germany | 1846 Hongkong 112. H. Bender (m.) do 1862 Chongchong 113 Ph. Ch. Piton (m.) do 1864 114 Hongkong W. Bellon (m.) do 1864 Lilong 115 J. Lorcher (m.) do 1865 116 Hongkong Min-siu-tschin (m.) | China 1869 Lilong 117 G. A. Gussmann 1869 Germany Njenhangli 118 Kong-Fat-lin-A-yun | China 1871 do [ (m.) 119 Ch. G. Reusch Germany 72 Lilong 120 R. Ott Switzerland Hongkong Beport. O is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground, and should sleep, and rise night and ¥ Y day, and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth not how. For the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, after that the full - corn in the ear. But when the fruit is brought forth, im- mediately he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come. Mark. 4, 26-29. These words which are one of the many parables in which Christ has set forth the nature of His kingdom in this dis- pensation from different stand-points, seem to us to coincide in a particular sense with the progress of our work in the year under review. Much sowing has been going on, “casting seed into the ground” broadcast through the length and breadth of the country amongst the heathen, into the hearts of our Christian youth in our schools, and in the hearts of the adult Christians Y Now and in church-services and in various private ways. then a seed is seen springing up and bearing fruit, perhaps even so that it may be ready for the “sickle”; but for the greater part the growth has been going on in a quiet, unob- trusive way ‘“he knoweth not how,” now and then visible to the attentive eye of the careful and sympathetic observer, but beyond the reach of his exertions for producing or increasing e 9 it, and entirely hidden from the eye of the superficial obser- ver or the lofty critic. Now and then this growth has been concealed from the look even of the hushbandman sowing the seed, so that he may be tempted to despair of success; whilst the Master, who knows best, bids him “sleep and rise night and day” and go after his work, quietly commending his ways, his work and the seed sown to the care of that God who makes “the earth bring forth fruit of herself”. Slow is this growth sometimes and only gradual, so that there are very different grades of perfection and shades of colour. Some plants show only the blade, appearing to be mere grass, others show the green unripe ear, but even they contain within them the prin- ciple of divine life, and at His time, but only then, will be seen “the full corn in the ear”. Partly we may occasionally meet with such ears of full corn even now, but we wait and work for the time when the harvest will be full grown, when “immediately He putteth forth the sickle”, and comes to esta- blish His kingdom in glory upon this poor earth. This time will come for India too, much as appearances may seem against it, and we will not in impatience or unbelief despair of suc- cess, because we cannot as yet see the harvest in the time of sowing. We do know that «the earth’” of the Indian nation also is “bringing forth of herself even now the blade, the ear and the full corn in the ear”. I} Thus our Report will show much of the work of preparing b} the field and sowing the seed, some signs also of its springing d up, how it is gradually developing and showing itself in vari- ous degrees of perfection, now and then being very unripe, )8 16 even intermixed with noxious weed, but also ripening into the full corn in the ear as it is even gathered into God’s garners. [0 We first look at the i )5 10 I. INCREASE OF OUR CONGREGATION as showing the visible results of our work. Our congre- L2 4 gation now numbers 5284 church members against 5057 of last year, so that there is an increase of 227 souls, to which we may add 449 persons waiting for baptism, against 287 of last year. This is partly due to the natural increase by the excess of births over deaths which in all our Stations together is 245 births against 166 deaths, although some Stations of our Mission have suffered from quite an exceptional mortality in the course of this year caused by fever and smallpox. Last year there were 235 births against 101 deaths, and Mangalore e.g. shows this year 70 against 30, and last year 67 against 17. This latter fact seems to be noteworthy as it points to a high The same degree of physical vitality in our congregations. observation has been made amongst the converted Kolhs in Chota Nagpur, and it would be interesting to know what is the proportion of births and deaths amongst the heathen. Al- though the circumstance of the majority of our converts being in the prime of life may partially explain this favorable pro- portion, yet we think it must partially be a consequence of the higher tone of morality that rules amongst them. But the more important kind of increase comes through £ II. CONVERTS FROM HEATHENISM. ¥ Of them we number 128 baptized, amongst whom 84 are adults, representing the number of individual resolutions that had to be formed to take the step from heathenish darkness to Christian light. The 449 catechumens have not yet been baptized and are therefore not reckoned amongst the converts. i 11 SRR e Some of them may also fall away or may be declared unwor- thy of baptism as has been the case with several catechumens in the course of last year. The greater part of converts belong again to the Udapy district, where 50 persons have been baptized and 252 are un- der instruction for baptism. In Udapy itself and the many villages round about, whole families together join the Christian Church, in some cases the wife, or a son leaves the Christian house on that account, in other cases all remain together. We rejoice especially to see that in Padur the steadfastness of our convert Jesaiah, who in former years had to stand alone and to bear much persecution, has been rewarded not only by com- parative cessation of hostilities, but also by an increase in the number of Christians, so that several families, containing 98 We have in 1 souls, have at length joined our congregation. these parts the great advantage that Christians usually remain I in their former positions, villages and houses, and that alto- gether the real Hindu community is much better reached by these conversions. We prefer this of course to the necessity that so frequently is forced by the families upon converts in § other places against their and our wish, of leaving house and family and occupation, and being thus isolated from their for- 0] it mer surroundings and plucked out of their natural ground. The time will certainly come in other places too, when Hindus may become Christians without being driven from their home. But even now we protest, that it is not we who are to blame for these separations. Some few Stations have not been privileged by conversions from the heathen, but most show a greater or smaller number 16 atb of people having joined the congregation in this year; and the hard struggle that has issued in some cases shows the value of 59 these acquisitions. Now and then heathens longing for peace el have taken the circuitous road through Mahommedanism, first fg 9% el 12 seeking rest for their souls there. But gradually they have felt that they were disappointed and have at last turned to the true Saviour of their souls. (It shows however that Mahom- medanism is making proselytes from Hinduism.) We give v here as related by Mr. Walter in Chombala, the simple but touching story of an old woman who for 40 years was a Hindu, after that a Mahommedan for 32 years, and only in her old age reached the safe port, where her joyous soul could and did cast anchor. Tiruvala was born about 1800 in a respectable family of which several members have in the course of years become Christians and partly form an ornament of our congregations, as e. g. the Deacon Paul Chandran. When 13 years old she was married to a man of the fisher caste to whom she bore 9 children. She had to go through much grief, first losing 6 of her children, then her mother, and at last observing that her husband’s love had turned from her to another AP woman, so that at her request, he at last dismissed her with a letter of divorce. (He himself afterwards became a Christian, and died some years ago.) At that time she deeply felt the wretchedness and misery of heathenism, her many prayers to her gods remaining unanswered and her vows proving fruitless. She lost her faith in the Hindu gods and thinks now that if the Gospel had reached her then, she would have accepted it. But she had first to turn to broken cisterns that hold no water. Her brother neglecting to perform certain cermonies for her, she was without mercy expelled from her caste together with her children, which treatment made her lose all trust in her religion, Therefore she tried to find in Mahom- its adherents and its gods. medanism that peace for which she thirsted, pardon from God and W\ justice from men. In 1840 she went to Cannanore, was joyfully received by the Maplas there and married by one of them. She endeavoured faithfully to obey all commandments of her new religion. Five times every day she performed her prayers, fasted much and frequently repeated the formula: “La Allah il Allah va Mahammad resul Allah” (God is the God, and Mahommed is His prophet). But A L A e S N s — 13 she soon perceived that her new religion was as wretched as her old. She could not find peace for her soul, and compares herself at that time to a helpless sheep wandering about for many many years in a great parched desert. In 1872 her second husband died, and she had much hardship to earn her daily bread. Her Christian relatives had for many years lost all traces of her. But when some years ago they got knowledge of her place of dwelling they tried very much to lead her to the Lord. Especially the old fisher Silas took her wel- fare very much to heart, went to her, and asked her to come to Chombala. She came several times, and heard the Gospel, but only at the close of 1873 she made up her mind to stay with her relatives and become a Christian. She now received daily instruction, but found it very hard to remember what she had heard, and she was very sorry for forgetting the Bible stories again and again. But she succeeded at last in learning the Lord’s Prayer and the Ten Command- ments by heart and in comprehending the cardinal truths of the Gospel. She took very lively interest in the instruction, and we could perceive that her faith and her love to the Lord increased more and more. She had often asked to be baptized, and her At her eyes beamed with joy when her request was granted. baptism she gave loud and distinet answers to all the questions directed to her, and added a “yes” to every sentence of the prayer that was said for her. She desired the name of “Elizabeth’’. She 0 afterwards said with pleasure in her face, “Now I have joy, and am satisfied”’. May the Lord keep her in her faith and joy and make § ) her grow in His grace till she can find eternal satisfaction and bliss- Iy fulness with Him!—A few days before her baptism a Hindu woman, a relative of hers, came with her child to join the Christians. The d aged Tiruvala Elizabeth rejoiced much at it and earnestly admonished her to remain steadfast. Next day her husband came to take her y 16 away, but she remained firm. Just so she did when her husbhand re- turned two days later, so he made up his mind to stay with her 1L to become a Christian. Now they both are zealously learning the id il Gospel, and seem to be in earnest about it. May the Lord carry out His work of grace in them! it 14 R e If the seeking grace of God is seen in the story of that old woman, how it leads a long long life to a blessed consummation in the grace that is found in the eleventh hour, we rejoice also when we see young men turned to the Lord at a time 14( when they still can bring their whole strength and life to the service of the Lord. Several such cases are before us. We ﬁrs't mention one from Dharwar as related by Mr. Welsch: Some years ago some hopeful signs began to show in the village of Ugurugola at about 20 miles distance from Dharwar, a place that is celebrated for its temple of the goddess Yellamma. This year we baptized the first fruit of that village, a young man of the priest-caste. He came several times to Unakallu (an out-station of Hubly) and there heard the Word of God from our Catechist Jonathan which seized his mind so that he bought a Bible and read it at home with his bfother. He believed in Christ and applied for baptism which he received in Dharwar. He is now studying in our Fil o] Hubly School to become a Schoolmaster or Evangelist. His father has now and then come to visit him, which shows that he has not cast him off altogether. We see here the usefulness of our printed Bibles in further- ing and deepening the effect of the preached Word. The following shows how other Christian books may serve as fore- runners of the personal witnesses and prepare the way to the spoken Word, so that ¢“the seed springs and grows up he knoweth not show”’. Mr. Weigele in Guledgud relates: In Mushtikery, a village 15 miles distant from Guledgud, there is a man of the name of Kélappa, a carpenter, who formerly was a village-priest of the goddess Demavva. For some years he had been reading Christian books and had thereby acquired some knowledge of Christian truth. He was very zealous to bring others to the same light that shone on him. Therefore he gathered a number of mostly young people round him, and spoke with them on the contents of his books. In consequence of this 9 men from Mushtikery came to § Ao L 15 Guledgud in September 1872 and asked the Missionary to pay a visit to their village. But, when he came, these men had been so much intimidated by the headman of the village and some other opponents that they did not even dare to come near the Missionary. But a man of the shepherd-caste, named Balappa felt more and more disquieted in his conscience, because his outward walk was opposed to his in- ward convictions from the Word of God, living outwardly as a heathen, whilst he well knew that as such he could not please God. In May 1874 he spoke on it with Kalappa, who till then had been his spiritual guide in the knowledge of truth. He told him, he could not find rest in his conscience and therefore intended going to Guledgud to become a Christian, and asked his opinion on the matter. Kélappa said, he would not on any consideration prevent him from doing it, seeing that the Word of God said: “Whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea”; he must entirely follow his own conviction. Balappa waited for another fortnight, but then he left his village without giving notice to anybody, and came to Guledgud on the 15th May. The Missionary happening to be absent, he went to the Cate- chist and then to Kardenhalli (an out-station of Guledgud) where he broke caste in the house of Ratnappa, a Christian there. Mr. Weigele sent word of the event to Kalappa, who told it to Balappa’s relatives. These were happy to get any news at all about him and acquiesced in the unalterable fact. Two of them came to see him in Guledgud. A few weeks later Kdlappa too came and said, he was one of ours, we must consider him as such, It was only for his old mother whom he must care for, that he delayed. A week after he sent us some mangoes through a youth of 16 years named Hanuma belonging to 1 the Reddi caste (farmers). He had been expelled from his house for {7 reading Christian books with Ké4lappa and had since then lived in Kalappa’s house. 1 He expressed his resolution to become a Christian, and to make the matter certain he forthwith broke caste. But he \ 19 desired to go back to his village and tell Kdlappa about his intended step. When he was leaving his village again he met the headman {0 S 16 of the village and told him he was going to Guledgud to become a Christian. “You must not go alone” was his sneering answer, and soon Hanuma was overtaken by some young men, who tried to persuade him to come back. As he would not do it, they took him on their 8] shoulders and carried him back to the village where all the people gathered round him, remonstrating, abusing and cursing Hanuma, Kéalappa and the absent Missionaries. They threatened him, unless he desisted from his purpose, to tie him to a tree and shoot him, and began by knocking him about. But seeing that he remained stead- fast and all their endeavours were useless, they left him. Very early next morning he left again for Guledgud, taking a circuitous route, His fear that they would try to make him prisoner again, proved correct. His brother with 2 men went after him and, not finding him, they sat by the town-gate of Guledgud to get hold of him. At noon he had not yet made his appearance, so they got tired and went to the farm. Scarcely had they left their place at the gate when Hanuma arrived there and passed safely to the Mission-house. Some time afterwards his persecutors came there, but seeing that they could not do anything on private ground and that he had broken E caste already, they returned to their village. Their rage turned against Kalappa as the instigator of all these doings. He had to | be protected by the Magistrate. f Balappa has now in August returned to his village hoping to regain his wife, in which hope he was however disappointed. Hanuma is now under instruction. h If in this case one of the converts had to brave the rage [ of the whole village, persecutions have risen to a much higher q degree in other places. In Calicut we hear this in the case of Achudan. C( He had formerly heard the Gospel in our English School, and L afterwards from a brother of his who is now amongst his fiercest le opponents. He also had intercourse with the Missionaries and Cate- by chists. At last he formed and carried out the intention of becoming fr a Christian. But being of a very respectable family, the son of a tl b e Native Official of high ’position, he feared a very strong opposition and therefore went to Chombala. Then followed a long series of intrigues and legal proceedings to get hold of him and make him retract his profession of Christianity. He was even arrested and taken to Calicut by the Police to be tried in the Court. The enmity hy against Christianity showed itself with a rancour such as we should D not have considered possible in this place. But we prefer not to give the particulars of the case, as we do not wish to stir up the passions without urgent necessity. Suffice it to say that in the midst of all these trials he remained steadfast, and has since been baptized. ; If a part of this story was played in Chombala, and this Station had to bear its share in the fight about Achudan, it J had, on another occasion, to pass through another even severer struggle, where there was indeed less skill and intrigue, but instead sheer brutal force. Mr. Walter relates: )} In March 1874 a well-to-do, respected man of t};e fisher-caste of the name of Kunaly came from Calicut to Chombala to become a )y il Christian. He had formerly been a zealous and devoted worshipper of the goddess Bhagavati and had therefore spent much money on his i heathen ceremonies. With all that he could not find that pardon 10 of sins and peace of the heart after which he longed so much, and this weakened his faith in his religion. On the other hand it made 10 It him more inclined to open his heart to the Gospel which he frequently heard preached by Missionaries and Catechists on heathen festivals. The Word of God took hold of his heart. He spoke with his wife rg entreating her to join him in becoming a Christian, but she refused el and he had to forsake house and wife and children and lands for I soon 56 Christ’s name’s sake, and came to Chombala quite alone. commenced to instruet him for baptism, when he showed much zeal and sharp understanding, and being able to read he occupied his nd leisure hours with reading his Bible. He was frequently interrupted o5t by visits of his wife, his relatives and many other caste-fellows who e tried by entreaties, tears and lamentations to take him back to hea- g thenism. Through several months these exciting scenes were re- [ & 3 e i AT P 18 peated almost daily. But instead of yielding to their entreaties Kunaly gave witness of his Lord and Saviour with increasing boldness, and preached the Gospel to his friends. ‘When these saw that noth- ing availed with him they turned to sorcery, made offerings to various 10 temples, and spent much money to have his mind changed. One said to Kunaly: “I have spent 150 Rs. and brought offerings to Kutti- chadden, that he may bring you back to us, but you seem as firmly resolved as ever to become a Christian.” Kunaly smiled and said, he well might have saved that expense. A demon-priest told his relatives: “Alas you ask an impracticable thing. I cannot move Kunaly by sorcery, for he has joihed the Christians, and my sorceries are powerless against them.” Once they said, they had come for a But he said firmly, last trial and entreated him again to join them. he would live and die to his Saviour. Then they began to curse him, But declared him to be dead, and every connection with him ended. they would not yet give him up. One evening some former friends % came to him,and after some conversation asked him to accompany them b for a short distance. As soon as they had him alone, they, by some trick made him lose his consciousness and when he had swooned, they quickly carried him away. The Catechist and I were absent at the time, but as soon as I heard of it I hastened after them and overtook them at a mile’s distance from Chombala on the seashore. Kunaly £ was surrounded by more than 200 fishermen who hurried along with him southward. ‘When he saw me he took courage and called out: f “Let me free, you will take me to hell, but I will return with the S&hib.” They were quite enraged as if possessed by demons, and all Kunaly’s struggles to free himself were prevented by hands that clung to him on all sides. I tried to turn their attention from Kunaly by g preaching to them, and this had with God’s help the success, that he fa could escape and run away. But then their whole rage fell on me; 01 and they seemed resolved to be revenged on me. First they tried al to drive me into the sea. 'When I escaped from the water, they roared i out: “Let us drink his blood.” And from the many blows and kicks U that fell on me I could perceive that they meant to carry out the b proposal. But in the mean time a number of Christians and heathen et 19 8 todd);-dfawers had cofne up, and seeing my critical situation they took me and hurried with me towards the house of a Tiyar that was not far off. Before reachiﬁg it I was again seized by a strong fisher- 18 man and grasped so firmly that I was near erying out from pain. But id my deliverers succeeded in ridding me from his grasp and bringing 1 ‘Whilst I me into the house where they quickly bolted the door. ly was lying in the inner room of the house quite exhausted and was d treated with much love by its owners, the fishermen besieged the 15 house so that the Christians and Tiyars found it difficult to keep them 7e off. After a while Kunaly also found his way to the same house. (o) Four men had run after him and taken him on their shoulders to carry him to their houses. Buthe was by God’s help enabled to shake them \f off and find refuge with me. Now the Police came up and under m, their protection we returned to Chombala late at night, thanking the ut Lord for His gracious protection during the dangerous events of that s terrible evening. Jm To prevent a repetition of this scene, I laid a complaint against the ring-leaders in the Court of Wadagherry, when they were fined 16 9| 75 Rupees. Still they tried to win Kunaly back and promised him a large he »()L house and 1000 Rs. if he would come to them. They also used sor- Iy cery against him. At this time another man of the Mugayar caste professed Chris- ith ut tianity but without being obliged to leave his house. ‘When Kunaly went to see him, he again fell into the hands of the fishermen who the all brought him to Mahe (French territory) and kept him there. 'When we heard this sad news we daily assembled in the church praying g God that He might deliver Kunaly and give him grace to remain by faithful. The Lord heard our prayer, and one evening Kunaly entered he our house quite unexpected. You may imagine our joy and gratitude, 6! and what refreshment it was for our faith. He now related his jed story. In the week of his imprisonment he was sorely pressed with red promises and threats of all kind. But the Lord upheld him. And okS behold! in the room in which he was confined for 6 days he discovered the a Malayalam Bible from which he drew much strength and comfort. en 3% e 20 Seeing that they could not bend his mind they brought him to Telli- There he was again imprisoned, cherry to the elders of their caste. but to his great astonishment and joy he there too found a Bible which he read with prayer. So he had even a rich blessing from his 8] £l captivity. e often declared to his opposers: “Byno means whatso- At last he ever will you prevent me from becoming a Christian.” managed to escape, and hastened back to Chombala. He now earnestly desired to be baptized, and this was granted to him on the 21st June when he received baptism together with the above mentioned man of the Mugayar caste. Many heathens were present, and before them and the Christians Kunaly with joyful assu- rance gave witness of the faith within him. He desired to receive the name Henry which had become dear to him through a tract (existing in Malayalam and Canarese) called “Henry and his Bearer’’. Munichogi, the elder brother of Kunaly Henry, has followed him into the Christian church. But being afraid of the entreaties, threats and other measures of his relatives he went to Palghaut, where he A joined the Christians on the 26th October, and is now under instrue- tion for baptism. ~ This Station Palghaut has again passed through such storms more than others. Last year we related of the out-station Karuvapara, where converts were assaulted, the Catechists were twice falsely accused for abduction and theft, and one even put under arrest, and fire was set to the chapel, the Mahommedans being the instigators. This year the Nayars had made up their mind entirely to annihilate another outsta- tion Wadakanchery. We give Mr. Diez’s report of it in an i abridged form: In June 1874 a Cheruman family consisting of 11 persons came to our out-station Wadakanchery. They were originally slaves of a rich land-owner in the Cochin territory, whom they had left, as they I alleged, on account of ill-treatment with the desire for bodily freedom f and eternal salvation. When we were convinced of the truth of their il statements, we could not but admit them as Catechumens. For more 21 than a month their former masters assisted by friends or by Police Constables did all in their power to get hold of their persons. Flat- tery, promises, intimidation, bribing the Catechist, waylaying were all tried in vain. But on Sunday, the 23rd August, one of the owners appeared in company of some friends, a Cochin Peon.and a British Con- stable, serving warrants purporting to have been issued by the Cochin Government. Without regard to the protests of the Catechist, ten persons were seized and first taken to the Police station. After this, 0 Antony, a Christian relative of the Cheruman, was kidnapped in the jungle. The slave-owners intended to seize in like manner the Catechist and two other Christians in Wadakanchery; but their plans 10 got wind and were frustrated. Mr. Knox the Head Assistant Col- 8 lector and Mr. Porter the Superintendent of Police did their best to bring the evil-doers before the bar of justice and to get back the kidnapped persons. These had been brought into the Cochin territory, where Antony and his brother-in-law were chained and put into ts he prison. After a month one of the slave-owners took Antony from 0 his prison and advised him to deny Christ and remain with him, when he would send for his wife and children, otherwise he would kill him 1§ wherever he might be. Antony rejected his advise, and, though very weak, made good his escape; we saw him in Palghaut on the 1st Oc- o1 tober half starved and broken in spirits. s The Collector of Malabar and the British Resident in Cochin made né unremitting efforts, and at last succeeded in having 6 of the kidnapped he persons delivered up to the Magistrate at Palghaut. Four were said LS to be too sick to travel, but when the Magistrate’s dresser was sent, {4 he found them in perfect health. So they too had to be given up. an On the 4th January 1875 they were brought before the Magistrate who told them they were free and might choose any abode they liked. Although we have been the persons wronged, yet the higher castes 10 hate us more or less for the interest taken in the welfare of these friend- fa less Cherumars, as several of their friends and caste-fellows have hey thereby been thwarted in their plans of oppression. The benefit of a om et just and powerful Government has been put forth in a strong light, and we thank God for all His help and comfort in our anxiety and distress. 016 ey 22 May these upheavements of the populace prove to be the sign that the foundations of the old system feel the shock from these single or aggregate conversions, and that heathenism is fighting its death-struggle in these paroxysms. j Those that join us thus one by one or as houses or clusters of houses are gathered into our [II. CONGREGATION. This amounts now to 5284 church-members who are 3 scattered over 19 Stations and some 60 out-places, sometimes as many as 600 or 1100 in one place, sometimes only one or two families being together in the village, as single lights in the midst of surrounding darkness. In such cases the heathens of the village now and then have a great desire and much hope of succeeding in either extinguishing the light or at least é removing it to another place. Now and then they succeed in either way, but in the majority of cases we have not been obliged to recede from a place in which we had established f a ourselves, but on the contrary have been enabled to increase our entrance through the door that is thus opened. With a view, therefore, of making our congregations better i i fitted to exercise an evangelising influence on those aro\und, we consider \1 Care of the Congregations § one of the most pressing duties of our Mission. Notwith- & standing many joyful signs of spiritual life for which we humbly give all honor to God, we see at the same time so é many signs of weakness that we are deeply convinced that true religion must first be planted deeper in the hearts (%) of our converts, and there must first be more “men” in (¢ Christ before we can leave the congregations to take care of th themselves. Each of the 19 chief congregations is therefore Sl under the care of the Missionary, who tries to be cognizant of 80 23 Al the moral and spiritua,gl character of each individual of his flock and whose door is always open to them. And very naturally they will come to him with all their complaints and desires, thinking, and to a certain degree rightly, that what- ever grieves and oppresses them should find an echo in their shepherd’s heart, whilst in congregations of older standing channels are made for providing for external wants and cares in another way independent of the Missionary. Services in 8 the chief Stations are conducted mostly by the European Missionary, but frequently the Catechists take their share in I this work too, whilst in out-stations it falls chiefly to their lot. 1§ Prayer-meetings in several houses of the congregations, frequent- ly conducted by private Christians and only now and then at- © st tended by the Missionary or the Catechist, can be found in many congregations. The annual week of prayer is (we think) i observed in all congregations. Each district has its Missionary ! d festival, where Christians from the whole district flock together, as in olden times the members of the sacred nation came to- 36 gether in Jerusalem, ¢“whither the tribes go up, the tribes of el the Lord unto the testimony of Israel, to give thanks unto the name of the Lord”. Prayers, speeches by Europeans and d, Natives in turns and many songs by the congregation and several choirs refresh the heart, produce a feeling of oneness, and enliven the missionary spirit. The sick are visited by h \(d Elders, Catechists and Missionaries. They and the poor and aged are taken care of, in by far the most cases, however, from 50 money collected within the congregation itself. In out-stations 126 s commonly a Catechist or Evangelist is stationed, or when the congregation is large a Deacon is ordained for it. In all of 1n these places, but especially in those without Deacons the Mis- >0f sionary of the chief Station pays frequent periodical visits to 06 superintend the work, and himself ministers to the spiritual of e 24 o wants of the Christians. We try, if possible, not to let Chris- tians stand alone without some kind of provision for their spiri- li tual wants and their supervision. i In nearly all out-places where there are some Christians first a hut is erected for the visiting Missionary, afterwards a house is built for the Catechist, and a room attached in which Whenever il services are held till a chapel becomes necessary. possible the new converts are held to bear part of the ex- Ji penses. Now and then the labour is done by them, so that fe there are few expenses. But unfortunately this is not the common case, at which however we cannot wonder too much, P if we consider that most of them either were poor before be- coming Christians or were by this step involved in all kinds of {f In larger places we have g pecuniary and other difficulties. churches for which as a rule our Home Committee allows only a small part of the expenses, the remainder being collected 0 within India and partly contributed by the congregations. From Palghaut where a common house was changed into f a chapel we read from Mr. Wagner the following description of the consecration of this chapel, connected as it was with i the baptism of 7 heathens and the reception into our church of one Roman Catholic. “This is the day which the Lord hath made, we will rejoice and be glad in it,” these words express the tenor of our sentiments on the day on which we consecrated our church. Such an event is always 5 an epoch in the life of a young congregation. Formerly they sought in idol-temples a place where God’s glory thrones, but could not find ¢ it Now they can say: “The sparrow hath found a house, and the fl swallow a mnest for herself, where she may lay her young, even I Blessed are thine altars, O Lord of hosts, my King, and my God. lg fl they that dwell in Thy house: they will be still praising Thee. Selah.”—Corresponding to these feelings our Christians had decorat- il ed the chapel in a becoming way with wreaths, plantains, cocoanuts D) e B ete. and with appropriate inscriptions in Malay4lam, Tamil and Eng- lish. Many Christians from out-stations, some heathens from Pal- ghaut, Missionaries from Codacal and some English friends had 1§ gathered for the occasion. ls At 91 a.m. we collected in a large room of our English School which till then had been used for the services, and in a procession h moved from thence to the new chapel, the Catechists carrying in their I The hymn “Jehovah, Jehovah, hands the holy vessels and the Bible. Jehovah! to Thy name be honor, glory, praise, ete.” was sung, some 9% festival Psalms and Solomon’s prayer (I. Kings. 8) were read partly in e Malayalam, partly in English. After another hymn Mr. Linder h preached in Malay4lam on Isaiah. 66, 1. 2., showed that not a house 9 built by human hands but only a humble, contrite heart could make of this chapel a place where God liked to be present. Then Mr. Diez 16 showed in English from the same words how the glorious grace of God could change a human heart into a temple of God, and then he I el gave some notices of the lives of the 8 persons who were to be re- ceived into the congregation. After another hymn Mr. Diez offered up a fervent prayer that God Himself might bestow His blessing on {0 this new chapel. i After this the 8 catechumens declared their faith in Christ, some th in tears, some with joyful courage, an old grand-mother e. g. scarcely ch waiting till the question was ended, but interrupting it with a strong Then 7 of “yes”, and shaking of her head in sign of affirmation. them were baptized and a blessing pronmounced on the eighth, a nd he Roman Catholic woman. The scene was very touching and solemn. Luther’s spiritual war-hymn “A fiery stronghold is our God, a > trusty shield and weapon” was sung by joyful voices, and the publie 7ht A number remained however to take nd service ended with a prayer. the holy Lord’s Supper from the hands of Mr. Diez and Mr. Wagner. he el In the afternoon one Missionary and 3 Natives preached in Malaya- lam. The former on Matth. 5, 14-16. The Evangelist Abel showed e that the chapel was a place of peace. Whilst as heathens they had [ not had peace, they had now peace through Christ with God. It was i a joy to listen to his refreshing words. Catechist Daniel Villany fs 4 26 —_—— (who died 6 months later) spoke on the joy that filled his heart ] and the heart of his hearers on that day, and Catechist Tim. Cochen d] admonished the Christians to give hearty thanks to the different donors, and to God by a worthy conversation and also by themselves collect- ing money for chapels in other places. He then concluded with a 01 solemn prayer and the congregation with a number of hymmns. It was a day on which we felt the presence of God and got an impression that something has already been achieved in our work, which is an earnest of greater blessings for the future. ¢l In all congregations a certain number of Presbyters are J L 50 appointed, elected by the congregation, but only under control and approval of the Missionaries, so that these elections form (] W at the same time an occasion for teaching the Christians how fo to vote and how to judge of the proper qualifications for such an office. We find as well that they need such a guidance, R as also that spiritual understanding for the proper qualifica- ch tions is virtually gaining ground. Some ways for caring for the congregation are mentioned under «Schools,” «Industrial Es- tablishments” or under «“Church Discipline.” All need not be mentioned. We are quite well aware that much of what has been said here does not meet with the approval of several friends of Missions and writers on Missions. But then our converts have not that ideal stamp as such theories on Mission-work presup- pose, and we consider ourselves bound to take into full account the real condition of our people apart from any theory, and guide them in the way best corresponding to their necessities, being at the same time convinced that this will be the better method for preparing a future independence and spiritual ri- peness of coming generations, to prepare and further which is a thing never lost sight of by us. But we wish to follow the “man which built a house and digged deep and laid the found- ot 27 1t ation on a rock” Of course we know, the rock is only Christ e and founding on Him can only be done by the Spirit of God [§ But “digging deep” is our business of And how do the congregations repay this care bestowed | 4 on them? al ‘What is the Condition of the Congregations? 'k Mentioning first an outward sign, we can say that all chur- ches are contributing something for Church and School pur- poses, for the Poor and for Mission-work If formerly it was 16 somewhat neglected in our Mission to inculcate this duty to our 0] Christians, we have for years worked to amend this omission gl We cannot give the sums realized in total (some heads will be OW found under “Subscriptions and Donations” at the end of the ch Report), but we take two instances CE, Calicut having a congregation of 343 adults (and 265 (4 children) has the following contributions he Rs. 234 10 6 1 Towards Poor-Fund N Towards Burial Fund 99 kLT 4 4 ot 123 b 6 Collection on Sundays 9 Church Tax oY) 85 6 11 id Collected in rice o) 29 Donations for Mission purposes 99 26 )i 6 Widows’ Fund 9 55 10 99 48 13 1 Orphan-Schools b © 00 =3 & O I W DO Church Furniture 99 31 11 36 %; nd = Windows in the Girls’ School, by themselves 65, Total Rs 789 ter Palghaut with a congregation of 83 adults (and 67 children 11 1 Church Tax Rs 196 1> 2 Collection on Sundays 29 5 he 15 ; § 3 Subscription towards Mission Fund 99 yd 4% 28 NG Subscription towards Orphanages Rs 10 Ct Do do Widows’ Fund 99 de Do do an Bible Society 99 ] O Ot Church and School Fund (school-fees e Di not included) 35 12 Poor Fund (some gift of Euror;ean I¢ of residents included) 9 62 4 Burial Fund th 7)) 47 7 10 Local Mission Fund 99 5l 1 il B Chapel in Wadakanchery 99 iU 13 g ad Total Rs 233 10 (¢ il And this liberality will, we trust, increase with the growing ha maturity of our congregations which also will produce more Ce settled conditions of property and income so that when the for congregations are large enough they may well be able to pay e a their own expenses of School and Church. of We cannot deny it, there is not only much weakness in our congregations, unripe or unchristian principles or want Te] of principles, want of spirituality, but also positive sins, strife ar and envy, dishonesty, drunkenness and also adultery, this 801 chief enemy in heathenish India; but there are other and a8 better characteristics also of which we speak afterwards, and ho we cannot judge of our congregations rightly if we omit to either of these sides. One of the reports writes on the former (8 view: il Is With the greater mass of Indian Christians, our own congregations ax included, moral tone and moral feeling are decidedly lower than in inf Kurope, and it will most likely take some decades or some genera- £0] tions till a decided improvement will have taken place. Only when Ol Christianity has penetrated the nation more thoroughly and masses il have entered the kingdom of Gtod can we hope to reach this point. g 29 e Christianity has not as yet influenced the life of the nation to a deep degree. Solid Christian characters are very rare. Native Christi- ans of considerable genius and influence, poets or authors of consi- derable power must and will appear by and by; but, as far as our District is concerned, we as yet look for them in vain. The majority resemble new-born children, some few are more developed, but others are even less. On the other hand it is a sad experience that there is such a number of bad characters, of people with doubtful reputation and broken careers on the outskirts of our congregations. % But we must also say that not unfrequently we have wondered at and adored the groundless mercy and unlimited sovereignty of our great God in seeing how He succeeds even with such seemingly hopeless -—7-’ subjects in making them signal triumphs of His grace. We have, as in former years, seen in this year too, people of such ante- ng cedents die in repentance, faith and divine peace. God be praised i for it. But also have we been witnesses when souls that had for he years been united with God and dedicated to Him have been called oy away to inherit the kingdom prepared for them from the beginning But as of the world, and to swell the “great cloud of witnesses’. 1n a whole our congregations are in the infant age and infants will It is true that forniecation ete. Wi very frequently stumble and fall. are considered grave sins, yet with many they are mot viewed as Iie s something so utterly disdainful and so very destruetive to the Spirit 1d as they are by God’s word. It can scarcely be ecomprehended how easily some are dragged into adultery. This year too, I had nd to pass a considerable portion of my time in enquiring into such nib cases, and there were few meetings of the Presbytery in which (7} such sins did not form one of the subjects under discussion, so that I said in one of my sermons before the congregation: that there are not very many adult church-members who had never fallen )b 10 into carnal sins and some of them repeatedly. And nobody could contradiet this mournful fact. May the Lord have mercy on us and 1% create mew natures through His Spirit! But we can also point out a (9] 565 number of cases where in the hour of temptation, the tempter was met and cast back with the Word: “How canl do this great wicked- il 30 e ness and sin against God?” and this happened sometimes with cha- In racters whom we would not before have given credit for it, whilst, g0 alas! we also have had the reverse of this experience. We also lif have had cases in which a poor sin-bound person, driven by the uﬂ voice of conscience and desirous after peace with God, has come of 16 his own accord to rid his conseience by a free confession. ch Similar complaints are registered from Tellicherry and from Mulky where some great sins came to light in this year, 1n and had to be dealt with according to the rules of our 1§ churches, even Schoolmasters and Catechists being involved th in it, who of course could not retain their work. M | We think all this can only be understood by one who thi knows how it is in this regard amongst the heathens from whom they spring and what the moral atmosphere is by hay which they are surrounded. But he who has an insight into his the condition of the populace at large will rather wonder at 1) the number of those that remain intact. And after we have Can thus openly laid the truth of the dark side before our readers 1 we have a right and a duty to add that we praise God for so des many proofs of a new life, which we may see amongst all a8 these shortcomings and sins.—In froy eg Church-discipline lea all graver cases are not treated by the Catechist or Missionary Yisi alone, but are laid before the Presbytery which consists of Grog all the Missionaries of the Station and a number of Elders fai elected by the church. And by this body the sinners are they either excluded from the Lord’s Supper or excommunicated that from the church altogether, so that they cease to be church- inJ members, and are also struck off our list. After showing proofs of sincere repentance they can be received back Ocey again into the congregation, and there are even cases pur when such as were entirely away from the church and had gy 31 e ha. lived in their sins came back truly penitent, and showed by a st godly life or a blessed death that they had received a new lso life But altogether church-discipline is handled energetically the “that others also may fear”, that the sinners may come to ) of repentance and that the congregation may get rid of unworthy characters It is known even amongst the heathen round us nd that for those who intend to walk unorderly there is no place al, In our congregation, and some heathens say it openly that this il Of such as had left 18 the reason why they will not join us red the congregation many years ago and gone to the heathen Mr. Kaundinya gives two cases from Anandapur, and says that rho this has latterly happened several times 0 One of them, Manasse, had left only to be able to serve sin and by had lived amongst heathens But even whilst he was at his worst o his words influenced those heathen Holeyars even without his inten- ab tion in favour of Christianity, and when the Word of God afterwards Al came in a purer form, many of them became Christians and are now I8 in Attolimani When Manasse was very ill he did not only show much §0 desire after prayer and God’s Word, but he also desired to undo all as far as was in his power the evil influence that had gone forth from him He therefore sent for the Attolimani people, and on his death-bed told them that he had grievously sinned against God by leaving the Christian church and the Lord Jesus, that the Lord had ALY visited and chastised him for this sin, but that he also believed in God’s mercy towards poor sinners, and was willing to die in this of o1§ faith. He admonished them all to let him be a warning example to them, so that they never might leave the Lord Jesus ‘We believe ale that he left this world purified through sufferings and in sincere faith ol in Jesus the Saviour of sinners ch 10§ This is one of the cases as they have rather frequently occurred in the last years especially in places that like Ananda- T 565 pur and Chowa (near Cannanore) have had in former years had many excommunications and apostacies Pharisees may be —_— 32 scandalised at these ways of God, but they were so even in sig sh the days of Christ, and if we know His Gospel we must not despair of any even the most wicked character. Much less da m are we allowed to give up or cast away weak and falling ha Christians if they repent and submit to church-discipline. Especially death-beds are the place where we so very fre- he quently see the glory of Christ shine forth, whilst the outward tabernacle of the body is being dissolved gradually, and it il even now and then shines more brilliantly than we should have by expected it, perhaps even in such to whom we did not give credit for much spiritual life. Mr. Brigel relates: Ju Iy Boas; an old poor man living chiefly on the Poor Fund, had been pretty regular in attending the services, and had not indeed given [ occasion for particular blame; yet had he neither shown any signs of Wi spirituality or much of Christian knowledge. But on his death-bed fir he could say with much warmth and full persuasion that his faith sh rested entirely on Jesus his Saviour, that he was without fear in g entering eternity, for he knew that the blood of Christ had redeemed I¢ him and atoned for him; and it was evident that this was mnot o mere talk. e Disease, especially smallpox and fever, have been very rife I in this year through the greater part of Malabar, so that our churches in Palghaut, Calicut, Chombala, Tellicherry and D fa Cannanore have lost many members. My Wagner gives us i particulars about very different kinds of death: 80 There was a tailor, Antony, with his family, who was very in- \ different to his own spiritual welfare and to that of his children, and (& When he who also neglected the services and the Lord’s Supper. ) once fell seriously ill he formed the best resolutions how he would behave if he got better again. He did get better, but did not fulfil 8 his promises. Soon he had forgotten all good impressions. This (] year he was seized by smallpox and very soon succumbed to it without having time for mew resolutions and without showing any A ke — 33 111 sign of a change within.—His mother too fell sick of smallpox. Then not she learned to pray. She got well again. But the tailor’s eldest less daughter died from the disease in her eighteenth year. She prayed much before her death and told her mother: “Mother, do not hold me ling back. I do no longer belong to you. I go to the Lord Jesus in fre heaven.” Saying this she lay down and closed her eyes. ard Another case, but which is not mixed with the grief over it unrepenting sinners or a life spent in wickedness is given us R by Mr. Diez from Palghaut: ive The Evangelist Daniel Villany died from smallpox on the 23d July 1874 in Karuwapara (out-station of Palghaut, cf. “ Catechists and jeen Evangelists’). His wife followed him on the 12th August in Paraperi ven (near Codacal) where she had gone along with her children to live 5 of with her parents after her husband’s death. On the 2nd August she hed first fell sick, and on the 8th the heat of the fever was so strong that aith she restlessly rolled about in her bed. She sent for her mother, L 1 gave her children over into her care, prayed with much fervour to the ned Lord to deliver her, and sang in Malayalam two verses of the song: 106 “What, what is this, that steals upon my frame? Is it death? Is it death?”’ She told her mother: “Mother, do not weep and mourn. 18 I am happy if the Lord through this sickness calls me to Him. Bring my children up well. I am so happy, I could be with you for a week. oul Do mnot weep.” She comforted her brother and admonished him qnd faithfully to follow the Lord. To her father she said: “Father, I have s not the least fear, I rejoice that the Lord calls me away. I have no sorrows left. I know as long as you live my children will not want.” il When her father said: “The Lord helps the orphans,” she replied: and “Yes, father, I know it;”’ and then she committed her children in prayer to the Lord’s hands. he uld - On the 11th she felt some relief, but on the 12th the disease was il stronger than ever; an intolerable heat and unquenchable thirst in- creasing more and more in the course of the day till she sank under it. Eh%s ‘When her father p 1 She bore her pains with Christian patience. asked: “Are you not afraid?” she replied: “Why should I be afraid? 1y 5 34 i il I am not afraid to go to my Saviour. Nay, I rejoice at it.”’—Her father said: “Has the Lord forgiven your sins?”’—¢Yes, the Lord has fully pardoned my sins, 7 she replied joyfully with firmness. Once fu de she exclaimed: ‘““Oh Lord help me! Oh Lord how can I pass through il the valley of the shadow of death?’—Another time: “My help is with fu God, in Him I believe, He will not forsake me.” In the evening of af her last day she said: “Father, why must I delay so long?” The he father replied: “My daughter, the Lord’s time has not yet come;” ‘When the heat still fo then she prayed: “Lord, I wait for Thy will.” inereased she desired to be bathed with cold water. Her father told her that Jesus had cooling water for her. “Oh yes!” she exclaimed, i “I know that with him there is living water and only there my suffer- i ings will end.” And they did end soon. A few hours later the il disease had consumed her whole strength and towards 8o’clock of the same evening she was allowed, as had been her great desire, to commit her spirit into the hands of her Saviour full of peace and joy. P I We praise the Lord that He lets us see such signs of His ( glory, just as He revealed something of it to His disciples at His transfiguration, hiding it again afterwards. Mr. Ritter {1 in Mulky speaking of the painful loss of his wife (see under “Kuropean Missionaries’’) mentions the death of a woman who } always had been a pearl amongst our Christian women, and says: ( Speaking about my wife’s death I cannot but say a few words fi about one who preceded her only a fow days. It is Esther who for a many years had been employed in our Female Boarding School. As both, my wife and Esther, had been closely united in life, it was my § wife’s desire to have her body resting after death at the side of Esther’s. This woman was a truly converted, very faithful and (0 trustworthy character, perhaps the very best amongst our Christian @ women. She was of great service to the Mission through her work in the Boarding School, which she not only performed faithfully, but also with many prayers and intercessions. Last year, being asked to P become the wife of a Catechist and mother to his motherless children, it cost her many heavy struggles before she could give her consent. 35 R el Tor Her marriage was a day after ours, and she wept much on that day. has Yet she was happy in her new condition and proved her self-forget- 1Ce ting love especially towards her new children. Few days after her I arrived a few hours afterwards ich delivery a fever took her away. and direetly went to her housé. There she lay, a lovely and peace- ith y of ful sight, and round her bed stood her weeping children and her afflicted husband, so that it eut me to the heart. She had expressed [he 4 her longing to be relieved from this world of misery and had rejoiced to be allowed to go home. tll old She was indeed one of the best of our Christian women ed, in Canara. Yet we trust and partly we know that now and for then Christian women can be found that rank with her or the next to her, and whose qualities may be extolled on that day 10f when He «will make manifest the counsels of the heart”, and to partly here below when they have left us and are beyond the 0 reach of blame and praise. And of men of this stamp we s could now also enumerate several if we thought it good to do so. le Altogether the services are well attended, and compara- i1 tively large numbers come together on Sundays, especially J when the Lord’s Supper is celebrated. So that in places like ho Mangalore it is a refreshing thing even to look at such a y8 congregation, see their decent appearance and hear their pds fresh and vigorous song. There is a desire after God’s word for and a marked difference between heathens and Christians. In several As Singing is very much in vogue with our Christians. my places, e. g. in Mangalore the boys and young men of the of congregation have organized a choir that practises on several and evenings during the week, and now and then with an anthem 140 embellishes and enlivens the Sunday services, especially when otk there is a particular festival, like Christmas, the Lord’s Sup- but per, the Missionary Festival, etc. etc. In other places, e. g. 1 {0 Cannanore and Hubly prayer and reading the Bible form the el it chief part of these meetings of young men. Family—priyer i8 b} e 36 th a very common custom amongst our Christians, and it now and then happens that the schoolboys of the family must read a (o passage from the Bible, if the adult members are unable to 1§ read. There are besides prayer-meetings in several private Su houses of the congregation. he We would desire that there might be more of christianising influence emanating from our congregations than there is. o Yet we cannot say that it is wanting altogether. Now and g then members of the congregation go out to preach with the Sl Missionaries or Catechists, and where this does not happen, W I occasional witness is borne to the Lord’s name, and in some scl cases a very good and deep influence is exercised by some on W the heathen. But alas! this is not the case with all. Wi In the course of last year scattered Christians of our and S of other Missions have been met with, for whom it is now in- In An- th tended to make provision for their spiritual wants. A charkandy, where formerly many became Christians and re- 1o moved to Chowa, there are some remains of the former Wi congregation who now asked us to visit them from time to ] time. As they are coolies on Mr. Brown’s plantation, his per- the mission was sought for and willingly granted. They are now pa visited twice a month by a Catechist till better provision can ou be made for them. Other Christians have been found in the Wynaad, and they are now visited from time to time by the Da e Colporteur and by the Catechists. But the place is so distant from our Stations that this cannot be done as frequently as foy desirable. lag Out of these congregations a number are taken for the exclusive service of the Word. to Wh Catechists and Evangelists. Of them we have 64 and by far the greater majority work Iy to our satisfaction. There is of course much difference between S —— 37 nd them. But some of them are such that we cannot but praise ) God for giving us such helpers. It is also a proof that there {0 is really a church, and one which at least has some life, that ate such a number of well qualified workers for the Lord has been in the course of years drafted from it. ng Their work is supervising the young churches, especially on 15 out-stations, preaching to and praying with them, giving to nd new comers the first Christian instruction, teaching in higher the Schools now and then also in Elementary Schools, in places a where there are not Christians enough to have a separate 116 school with a schoolmaster of its own, preaching to the heathen. 0n Whilst this latter is a duty incumbent nearly on each Catechist, whatsoever may be his particular duty, a goodly number are nd specially set apart for it, and travel about in the country for 10 the greater part of the year. Some of them show not only n very much zeal for this work, but also a particular qualifica- 16 tion for it, being able to take the hearts of the hearers along 61 with them. In Bettigherry the heathen formed a Reading t0 Club and asked the Catechist to be its president, which shows er that he is a man of influence. In other places as in Karuva- W para near Palghaut they have also had their share of perse- al cution for the Lord’s sake. One of them Daniel Villany (see the page 33) has been called away by death. But his end was the peaceful, he died in the full faith that triumphs over death. b But alas! on the other hand in Mulky one had to be dismissed a8 for grievous sins, that had been hidden for years but had at last come to light; whilst at the beginning of 1875 another had he to be dismissed, because grave doubts rested on him, from which he would or could not clear himself. Although the Catechist Seminary has this year, the first time since 1866, not furnished any candidates, one, Jeremia 1k )eﬂ Sonna, has passed his examination and been ordained to the sl o s 38 In office of Catechist in September 1874. He had formerly studied in the Seminary, but had not then been admitted to the exami- Es it nation. And besides this two young men who had not studied in any particular school have been admitted as Evangelists, Nathan Suchitta in Mangalore and Silas Shanta in Kaity. Re The number of our itk Deacons th has remained the same as before, viz. 5, three of them superin- SuL tending congregations in Canara and two in Malabar. hr Those that have studied in the Basel Mission College and ed have been ordained in Germany are reckoned amongst «European 5a Missionaries’”. il to European Missionaries. al Many changes have again taken place in our circle, Mr. Bergfeldt of the Seminary at Mangalore after 14 years, Mr. F. Miiller of the Middle School at Udapy after 13 years, Mr. C a0 Sl Stolz Superintendent of the Book Depdt and Printing Establish- ment after 11 years of uninterrupted labour on this coast, left i for Europe on account of their health, the latter taking with him his wife and children, and the two former having lost e their wives in India, taking only their children to Germany. b I Our connection with Mr. Grieshaber in Guledgud has, we re- gret to say, been dissolved, his character not allowing him to 01 live at peace with his colleagues and the Native Christians of B his Station. gl On the other hand Mr. Lauffer returned from Europe with il his wife and one child. He had formerly worked in India for N\ 16 years and then passed 2 years in Germany. And Mmr. il Gracter who had formerly worked for 9 years and then passed i 2 years in Germany returned to Mangalore after first being ] married to his second wife. All the rest are new arrivals in 1§ ——e 39 ied India; they are ar. Carl Pﬁez’derer (Junior) for the Industrial [ Establishments and Mr. J. Baumann for the Tiling Establish- ied ment in Mangalore, Rev. G. Grossmann for Guledgud and Reo. sts, R. Schenkel for Hubly; and then Mrs. Krauss (widow of the Rev. F. Krauss) to be married to Mr. Weigele, Miss Heitz now married to Mr. Hafner, Miss Beitter now Mrs. Ziegler in Udapy. In some places severe illness had to be passed through, that made a recovery very doubtful, and Mrs. Linder in Codacal 11 suffered for many weeks from typhoid fever and was therefore brought to Calicut. But by the Lord’s grace she is now recover- nd ed Mr. Schmolck and Mrs. Schmolck were prostrated at the all same time with a strong fever. One evening, when the sick- ness was at its highest, some Christian brethren who happened to be gathered in a Bible meeting earnestly prayed for his life, and from that moment he began to grow better. I Death also, as so frequently during a number of years, has 0 again entered our circle and has taken two wives from the side of their hushands, and from the work in which they were sh eff so useful. ith Mrs. Ritter had first come out to India in 1865 and had st been married to Rev. Fr. Traub. But after a few years she 1] had to nurse him through a protracted illness and when she went home with him, he died in Germany in 1868. In 1871 she came 16 {0 out to India again and was happy in her work in the Girlg’ of Boarding School in Mulky, where she worked as a widow till she was married to Mr. Ritter in 1873. Mr. Ritter being of ith the same station she could continue her work in the Girls’ School, and did it with full joy and much love. Butin December for dysentery set in and gradually consumed her strength till the I od 6th of March when she died amidst her own prayers and those of the brethren that had gathered around her bed. The loss ng 1 is a heavy one for her husband and for the school and congre- 40 it gation who have lost a very able, devoted and pious helpmate, worker and friend. Mrs. Thumm had come out to India and was married to Mr. Thumm 1n 1865. The greater part of her Indian career she passed in Guledgud at the side of her husband, till they were The 20th September 1874 she stationed in Hubly in 1871. was suddenly torn from the side of her deeply afflicted hus- band, by an unhappy confinement to which she succumbed. In these and other cases we had the ready and most valu- able help of the medical men on the several stations, which frequently was rendered with a great amount of personal oxertion and self-denying sacrifices and several times extended also to the Native youth under our care in the various schools, We wish to express our in most cases without remuneration. deepest gratitude to Dr. MacAllum in Mangalore, who sometimes Afb has passed whole nights in our homes, to Dr. Will and Dr. Hyde in Tellicherry who treated Mr. and Mrs. Schmolck with much care, Dr. Roberts in Calicut who for a long time called twice a day on Mrs. Linder and very frequently helped in our Girls’ Boarding School. The Bungalow on the Kudremukh near Mangalore, of which we said in our last Report that it was being built as a sanitarium for the Missionaries in South Canara, the funds for which have been kindly collected by Miss Anstey, is now nearly finished, and by the time that this Report reaches our friends it will, we trust, be ready for use.* V. PREACHING TO THE HEATHEN. This is done in various ways. One way is going from house to house in the own Station, and on preaching tours * Since we wrote the above, the Bungalow has become ready for use, and is felt a very great boon, by those who use it. e 41 in the different villages, and it is especially the Malabar District that is traversed in this manner almost from one end to the other, the reception being rarely unfriendly and some- times very hearty and affable. In the Nilgherries the different villages are visited several times a year; in the harvest time the people are sought on their fields where they commonly are willing to interrupt their work and hear the Gospel; the markets where the people gather at Ootacamund and Cunoor, and also the funerals where large numbers crowd together are used as occasions for preaching. The Missionaries there are very grateful that some owners or overseers of planta- tions allow them or even invite them to preach to their coolies in the morning before they go to their work. In most Stations the bazaar of the town is regularly visited and the Gospel preached to those who collect round the Missionary and the Catechists. The pupils of our Middle Schools and of the ) Catechist Seminary accompany the Missionary and the older among them preach also. This kind of work is thought in- dispensable, as the place where the Missionary lives should But entirely be penetrated with the sound of the Gospel. sometimes it is an ungrateful work. Mr. Miiler from Tellicherry ) writes on it: i We preach twice a week in the bazaar either in the main street If N or in the several bye-streets especially also of the fisher-village. ls all the Catechists of the station are present, we divide ourselves and Mr. Kittel is in the habit of visiting in the preach in two places. houses accompanied by a Catechist. The Maplas (Mahommedans) cause us much vexation by mixing themselves amongst the hear- ers with the sole purpose of interrupting and preventing us from )il going on with the sermon. “Here is the patience and the faith of the saints.” Imagine an auditory of 40-50 people of whom half ) are intent on disturbance and the greater part of the other half listen | 18 without interest, and you will conceive how the preacher must feel. 6 1 st e “We are troubled on every side, yet not distressed; we are perplexed, 7 yet not in despair; our despised and crucified Master, the Lord Jesus must at last have the victory even over this generation. All occasions on which many people are known to crowd b4\ together are made use of to preach to the masses. Especially the heathen festivals serve for this purpose. As many preachers as are available are collected on such occasions. Mangalore sends its representatives to the festivals at Mangala Devasthéna, Kudupu, Kadari, Suratkal, the distant Subrahmanya; Udapy has a large festival within the town, and one in the neighbour- hood in Stda, both of which are visited by Missionaries and Catechists of Udapy, Mulky and Mangalore. Near Carwar thousands crowd together in Gokarna, and Missionaries never fail to be present. Cannanore has the festivals at Payanur and Taliparambu, and there are many more of the kind. Now and then the opposition is very fierce; on these occasions and in a former years not unfrequently violence was used. But often the reception is favorable, and the opportunity to reach so many with the message of salvation very welcome. Mr. Titus Costa reports from Dharwar: In June 1874 there was an extraordinary festival to the blood- thirsty goddess Demavva, which lasted 9 days and to which many thousands of people crowded together. ‘We and the Missionaries and Catechists from Hubly profited by this occasions to preach the Gospel to the masses. ‘We had been threatened with violence and warned, but we could for several days preach without any hindrance, and sometimes we had 700 to 800 hearers at a time, so that thousands ’ i must have heard the Gospel in these days. Of the same favorable situation for preaching on a heathen festival Mr. Thumm relates: Just as on the Demavva Jatre in Dharwar, we found a willing hearing on the celebrated Jatre in Shiratti, which I visited together with Mr. Rot/ from Bettigherry and three Catechists. Besides what we 43 e could do in the large temple before the town, where hundreds are com- ing and going, we went each morning and evening to the place on which the chief masses gathered, where we found under large shady mango trees a stand-point elevated 3 or 4 feet which served as a natural pulpit, so that we could see the whole of our auditory which common- ly numbered several hundreds. The sermons were listened to with the greatest quiet and attention, so that we went on preaching till our strength was exhausted. Once when Catechist Christian was preaching a very impressive sermon in his own popular style, a Hindu came near him and gave him a 3 pie piece to show his approval. The Catechist took it, and handed him a tract in return without inter- rupting his flow of words. In this manner we worked on for 4 to b days, so that many could not have been on the festival without hear- ing our message. In connexion with this work which, though very exhausting, looks yet so hopeful and encouraging, that the question rises: But why do not these people who listen to our words with visible interest and willingly assent to all we say, why will they not embrace and obey the word of God? Puzzling and trying as it is to see the hope still deferred, we do not let lose the firm assurance that the seed that has been sown so abundantly, will spring up in time; we wish it may be soon. V. EDUCATIONAL DEPARTMENT. | Our Schools are rather calculated for the congregation than for the populace at large. For this latter there are a number of Elementary Schools and of higher Anglo-Vernacu- lar Schools established with the intention of spreading a know- ledge of the Bible and the Christian religion through the coun- I try, to make especially the higher classes more inclined to the truth, and if God give grace to draw some entirely to Christ. For want of funds one of the Heathen Vernacular or Elemen- tary Schools has been closed in Cannanore, and also in other Stations decrease is visible. 6 * i 44 Of Anglo-Vernacular Schools we have six at Dharwar, Hubly, Cannanore, Tellicherry, Calicut and Palghaut. Those at Dharwar, Hubly and Cannanore show a decrease of numbers, whilst Tellicherry, Calicut and Palghaut are on the increase. » The Bible is taught in all these Schools and most pupils like 1t Although the visible results in the form of conversions are not frequent, we are confident that these Schools do not work in vain. Did not Achudan (pages 16-17) hear the Gospel first in such a School? In the same way the seed that is sown may in other cases spring up after years. Mr.. Miiller in Tel- licherry relates of one of his heathen pupils who on his death- bed desired baptism. The father, himself a heathen, would have complied with the wish of his dying child, but the boy’s uncle firmly resisted. For Christian Children we have first the Elementary or After this for Parochial Schools, then the Boarding Schools. those who intend to serve the Mission as Catechists or School- masters the Middle Schools, the Training Schools and the Ca- techist Seminary. The Christian Elementary Schools are obligatory on all our Christian children, boys as well as girls, and we take care that, wherever possible, children of Christian parents in out-of-the- way places should not entirely go without instruction. Only the most necessary things are taught in these Schools, viz: Bible, reading, writing and arithmetic. In towns one or two higher classes are added to these Schools. 3]' s The Boarding Schools contain children who are real orphans, or whose parents are very poor or live in places where the children could not be instructed, or in families which are not a fit moral atmosphere for a juvenile mind. Now and then heathen children find their way into these Schools with the permission of their parents, and of course are very welcome. 45 it Several of these Boarding Schools therefore have had baptisms of heathen boys or girls. If the parents are not utterly des- titute, they are held to pay more or less of the expenses. That these Schools may not be over-crowded a number of the children are entrusted to Christian families, a sufficient remu- neration being allowed. Four orphans were this year given over to our Mission in Palghaut by the Head Assistant Collector there. In Tellicherry there was much fever in the School, now and then 20 to 30 were laid up with it, and one of the boys died from it, before his death expressing his great desire to be with the Lord. Mr. Hasenwandel tells us about some of his girls in the Bettigherry School: ‘We now and then employ one of the elder girls to take care of our baby. If one is called before she has had her private prayer, we may depend on it that she will say her prayers at the baby’s side, whilst we are away for breakfast. ‘We now and then have sur- prised one praying at the baby’s bed, which of course re-assures us that the baby will not be neglected. We took much trouble to get a certain girl from Shagoti to our school. The father, being a Christian, desired it, but the mother, then a heathen and renowned for her unamiable qualities, resisted. At last she gave an unwilling consent. The girl who till then had been self-willed soon began to behave well. This did not fail to take effect on the mother also. Her hard mind was broken, and she ap- plied for baptism, which has since then been administered to her. Our Middle Schools in Udapy, Hubly and Tellicherry take youths, as a rule, from 14 to 18 years of age, and prepare them either for a Training School or for the Catechist Seminary. Instruction is given through the medium of the respective Vernaculars in Bible Reading, Sacred History, Outlines of the Doctrines of the Christian Religion, Geography, History, Arith- metic, Geometry, Algebra, English, Greek, Sanskrit, Canarese, 46 S n s Malaydlam and Singing. In Udapy Physics has been added to these. - In Udapy Mr. Brasche has taken charge of the School ins- tead of Mr. Miiller who proceeded to Europe. In the first be- bl § ginning Mr. Brasche had to use severity to break the resistance of some disobedient boys. But after this, he says, there was scarcely any direct disobedience. Three however had to be dismissed for various reasons. From Tellicherry Mr. J. Kittel reports of much disease and 4 deaths. Others who were also extremely ill with typhus recovered. We have reasons to hope that those who departed went to their Lord. These events produced a deep impres- sion on most of the rest. May it be a lasting one and one that may bear fruits for eternity. The Training School in Udapy has 3 pupils who are being Y B trained as schoolmasters through a course of practical and theoretical lessons. In Tellicherry 4 of the 6 pupils have fi- nished their course, and have received or are waiting for ap- pointments in the several Schools of the District. The Catechist Seminary in Mangalore had only 10 pupils. Two pupils hadtobe dismissed. But with the beginning of 1875 this number wasincreased to 21. Instead of Mr. Walz and Mr. Bergfeldt who were in charge of this School, in the beginning of this year there are now Mr. Graeter and Mr. Gundert. Mr. Bergfeld: has gone to Europe and been replaced by Mr. Gundert. And M. Graeter has come back from FEurope to take up his former work, so that Mr. Waiz has been set free for other work, which he will find in the care of the large Mangalore congregation, that is to be given over to him by M»r. Brigel who is leaving for Furope. The course of studies in this year comprised: Intro- duction to the Old and New Testament, Histoy of the Church, Exegesis of part of John from the Greek and of Joel from the 47 et Canarese, Reading of parts of the New Testament in Greek, and Greek Grammar, English, Sanscrit, Canarese Exercises, Homiletical and Catechetical Exercises and Singing. Once or twice a week all pupils go to the bazaar where one of them and some of their teachers preach to the heathen. For the first time since 1866 this School has ended its year without giving new Catechists to the Mission. But this ebb does not threaten to be a lasting one, as we have good reasons to hope that we shall in future have as many pupils as we want, and shall even be able to make a stricter selection. For it is not chiefly scientific proficiency which is aimed at, but the formation or selection of thoroughly Christian and of spiritually minded characters. VI. LITERARY WORK. The great importance of Christian books in the Vernacular for the edification of the Native Christians, and for spreading the Gospel amongst heathens and especially of the Bible in the Vernacular is so generally acknowledged, and for any one that knows India and Indian customs, so self-evident that we can only wonder if theorists on Mission work express their opinion that even such works should be postponed to the future in order to give all strength exclusively or nearly exclusively to the oral proclamation of the Word not only amongst heathen but also amongst Christians. Several traces of the great usefulness of Bibles and of Christian Tracts may be found in our Report (pp.14,15,19,20), but there are many more signs of it to be discovered than we have mentioned. Therefore a part of our time is always given to preparing books of this kind. Mentioning some of this work, we must first turn to the work of Bible translation. 48 e Mr. Fritz and Mr. Chr. Miiller have been occupied with thé revision of the Malay4lam translation of the Bible, which is to be carried out in connexion with delegates of the Church and London Missionary Societies and of the Syrian Church in the Cochin and Travancore territories. A number of new tracts have been written in Canarese: ‘on Fatalism’, ‘on Transmigration’, ‘Lingaitism’ etc.; in Malayalam: 8 small narrative tracts. Christian Almanacs have been published in Canarese and in Malayalam. A Christian monthly paper for the congregation in Canarese has been continued, and another in Malayalam for the public at large has been started. The Canarese Commentary to the Old Testament has been carried on to 2 Chron. 19. A revision of our Malaydlam Church Prayers has been printed, and a new translation of the Canarese edition of the same 1S in progress. An old Jain work “Nagavarma’s Prosody” has been publish- ed in a critical edition by Mr. F. Kittel, and a selection of 500 Tulu Proverbs by Rev. A. Minner. To publish and spread these books we have Printing Press and Book & Tract Depository. Mr. C. Stolz who from the year 1863 had been in charge of the Printing Press and from 1869 also of the Book Depo- Vb sitory was obliged on account of ill-health to proceed home in March, when the Rev. W. Sikemeier assumed his work, assisted by Mr. A. Burckhardt. Mr. G. Hirner, who superintended the work of the Press, very favorably bears testimony to the good conduct and efficiency of the people under his care. The following is 49 ———— A LIST OF BOOKS Printed during the year 1874 | ) Canarese Edition Size Pages Copies Hymns for Children III 12 123 1000 VI 12° 144 3000 I} Hymn Book Short Bible Stories 111 12 104 4000 IV 129 45 4000 Selection of Bible Passages Almanac for 1875 80 2 5000 d One thousand Proverbs 16° 56 1500 On Fatalism 16° 40 2000 163 24 4000 0 On Transmigration 0 Lingaitism examined 162 48 3000 Arithmetic, by Channa Basappa | e T o B o B 125 60 1000 Congregational Paper, Vol. VI 80 152 250 1l Old Test. Commentary, continued to p. 651 | 80 112 1000 Nagavarma’s Prosody =i 80 XXXII 160 1500 1l b) Malaydlam 6 Gospel Harmony 80 36 200 Arithmetie, by L. Galthwalte 12 196 5000 Do Answers 12 31 500 0 The Gospel of Luke, new Revision 12° 90 1500 » ” , dJohn 7 ” s T o 0 (R (R S| 1d° 72 1500 Almanac for 1875 80 80 3500 The Rich Man’s Feast 32° 16 3000 32° 24 3000 Stealing the Mangoes A Call . 392" 20 4000 0p Fear God. 32° 16 4000 0 The Fruit of bad Company 32° 20 4000 32° 20 4000 n Kapiolany ed The Runaways . 24 20 4000 e e T T N oo R e R B 32° 16 4000 he Thou shalt not steal . Keralolpatti (the Origin of Malabar) 11X 12° 112 3000 ol 80 120 470 he Keralopakari (a monthly magazine) Church Prayers 1I 80 180 500 50 c) Tulu. Edition Size: Pages Copies: Hymn Book 1L 12 144 1000 Scriptural Sentences 12° 124 600 Five hundred Proverbs . 16 32 550 j’ ’ d) English. 34th Report of the Basel Missionary Society . . 80 91 1200 Revenue Compendium, finished. 80 128 500 Elements of South-Indian Palso- 40 VIII 112 graphy, by Dr. A. C. Burnell 98 English and Canarese Vocabulary. = 16° 24 2000 Total 2940 83382 STATEMENT OF TRACTS AND BOOKS 4 sold from st July 1873 to 30th Jume 1874. Own Foreign Publications Publications a Total English cular English c L'(Il‘ a r Bibles and New Testaments 222 35 197 454 Bible Portions & Tracts con- taining Biblical Selections 9857 87 709 10653 Religious Tracts & Books. . . 196 30108 639 2111 33054 Sehool-Books, ete. . ....... 20 9668 5168 7208 22064 Maps, Picture-Books & Picture- Sheets ¢ % ¢ o s 0 0 s 2 0 8 s 8 8 o0 100 1302 136 1538 b 316 | | 49855 723110361 67763 | The Proceeds of the above Sales, Rs. 18773, constitute the only source of income of the Depository, which by these means is nearly self-supporting. 51 —— In the list of sale the 44161 copies of Scriptures, Tracts and Religious Books show an increase against last year of 11000 copies, which is chiefly owing to the new publications. Ten Colporteurs have been employed at an expenditure of Rupees 1021.—They sold: 18872 Tracts, Bibles and Parts of the Bible, realizing Rs. 1005 5420 School-Books, ete. ” ” 1234 — 24292 Copies™ ” Rs. 2239 The remaining 43471 copies were sold: 1) at the Depository in Mangalore, 2) at 18 Branch-Depdots of our Mission in S. Mahratta, Canara, Malabar and Coorg, 3) at the Depots of the Tract Society of Bangalore and of the Church Missionary Society at Cottayam, 4) by occasional agents, as by native shopkeepers, etc. The Colporteurs are under the supervision of the Euro- pean Missionaries, and care has been taken to send them not only to the populous towns of the coast and the crowded hea- then festivals, but also to out-of-the-way places inland, and up the Ghats, so that the aim of the Depository: the spread of a pure and Christian literature into every house of the districts entrusted to the care of our Mission, and even beyond them, has been well nigh attained, especially in Canara and Malabar where also many instances show that the little books have either prepared the hearts for the preaching of the Gospel or deepened the impression of the Word after it had been preached. We have to acknowledge with thanks the receipt of a grant of 150 reams of printing paper from the Religious Tract Society, London. *1In the above numbers are not included the sales of the Colporteurs of the Madras Bible Society. T* VII. INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENTS. Of these we have Weaving Establishments in Mangalore, Cannanore, Tellicherry, Chombala, Calicut, Tiling Establish- ments in Mangalore and Calicut, a Carpenter Workshop in Cali- cut, besides a considerable number of carpenters trained in the Mangalore Station without a formal establishment and the beginnings of an Engineering Establishment in Mangalore. In Chombala a branch of the Cannanore Weaving Establish- ment has newly been erected, because many of the Christians there were exceedingly poor, and lacked the opportunity of employing their powers towards an amelioration of their wret- ched condition. It can already be reported that the success is considerable, and this not only as regards the outward cir- cumstances but also the whole character of the congregation. Some families earn their whole livelihood there, whilst there are few families who do not find opportunity for some slight addition to their income. In Calicut Mr. Feuchter, who two years ago came from Europe for the purpose of starting a Tiling Establishment, has succeeded by indefatigable labour, in finishing the preparatory work, first partly reclaiming the ground from a swamp, then erccting 3 ovens, some sheds for drying tiles, an office, some wood-sheds, procuring machinery, preparing a floor for the tempering of clay etc., then training a number of workmen who were quite unacquainted with the work. Mr. Feuchter had now and then to work day and night. Now the establishment is b | in full activity, the workmen trained, a good maistry found even after the first had to be dismissed; and 10 Christians, 8 Hindus, 4 Mahommedans, 3 Catechumens, and 15 Hindu boys, together 40 persons are occupied in it. The Cannanore Weaving Establishment which now and then was afraid of the consequences of rival establishments 53 — is now rid of this competition and has plenty to do, amongst others, an order from Government demanding no less than 10000 yards at once, with a prospect of other orders to follow. Mr. Schinthal in charge of it gives us a short abstract of the life of one of the labourers which may serve to show the un- ostentatious influence for good these establishments frequently exercise. In Ruben, one of our workmen, died in the course of this year. his youth he had been unsteady and fickle-minded, partly in conse- quence of the migratorylife of his parents, which caused him wander to and fro with them. He lost his mother early, and was received in- to the Orphanage at Tellicherry from where he was apprenticed in the Weaving Establishment there. For some years there were no traces of any spiritual life visible in his behaviour, and he did not give much satisfaction. Gradually a change took place within him that was easily discernible in his whole life. In 1870 he entered the Canna- nore Establishment, and earned the full satisfaction of the Superin- tendent by his industrious, steady and careful work. His exemplary life enabled him to take as his wife a like-minded pious girl from the Cannanore Girls’ School. His wife too working in the establishment, they enjoyed a good income. They lived happily, and peace was the ornament of their homestead. Although they took part in the daily prayers of the Weaving Establishment, they did not on this account omit their daily prayers in their family in the mornings and evenings. But after 11 years of this peaceful life, he began to suffer from consumption, so that he now and then had to pass his days in sickness, his wife ailing at the same time. But they accepted this visitation as coming from the loving hand of God. He once told me when I came to see him: “The Lord is the true husbandman, and He knows when the knife must be applied to the branches of the vine.” On the 3rd January 1875, being only 28 years old, he fell asleep having a sure hope that he would be taken up into the heavenly habitations. The Calicut Weaving Establishment has again cause to be thankful to Messrs. Frank & Co. first er selling so very much o4 felinifi of the cloths and then remitting half of the commission to the Mission fund. Mpr. Hiittinger, who is an Engineer, finds as yet most of his work in the Mangalore Tiling Establishment, but he will ere long make this over to Mr. Baumann and throw himself entirely into works belonging to his department, in which he has already made a small beginning. We need scarcely say that all the pecuniary help our converts get from these establishments is only the appropriate remune- ration for their honest work, and does not in the least bear the character of alms. But they find an opportunity there for earnest work and are expressly held to regular and industrious labour, even though their pay is not by the day, but by the work done. Besides this the European Superintendent exercises a supervision over the whole life of his workmen, and daily prayers are held in all of the establishments in which all L:l i workmen, even the Hindus are present. The produce does not go to the Mission Treasury, but is laid aside to help in establishing new branches of the work. The accounts are altogether separate, so much so, that these Industrial Esta- blishments are even under a separate Committee. The Mercantile Establishments. In Mangalore, Mercara and Calicut are another separate branch, they being the property of a Joint-Stock Company in Basel. But they help proper Mission work in various ways. 1 Mr. Q. Pfleiderer however who is at the head of them is at the same time Treasurer to the whole of our Indian Mission. 55 THE OPERATIONS OF OUR SOCIETY IN OTHER COUNTRIES. In Africa. This Mission has had a very prominent position during the Ashante war, and has been discussed in many Newspaper articles. More than this, Captain Sir John Glover who had a division of the English army in the invasion, in his report to Government made very favourable mention of this Mission, and the English Government expressed to the Swiss Government their thanks for the effectual help that had been rendered to the expedition against Kumase through the Basel Mission, a number of Negro Christians following the division of Sir Jokn Glover as soldiers, the Catechists accompanying them as Pastors and the different artisans in our congregations and Industrial Establishments rendering all kind of service to the army. Everybody knows that Sir Garnet Wolseley entered Kumase on the 4th February 1874 and that the prisoners, after having been in captivity for 4 years and 6 months, were then released and taken back to the coast, With the exception of a French merchant (Bonar), they were Mr. Kihne and Mr. and Mrs. Ramseyer with 2 children, all belonging to our Mission. At the anniversary meeting of our Society at Basel they were present, Mr. Kiikne indeed too weak to speak before the public. In fact it is doubtful whether he will ever recover from the consequences of the hardships and privations he passed through. Mr. Ramseyer on the contrary is quite well and strong, and eagerly listened to, wherever he shows himself in public to relate of what he has gone through. —_— 56 Since then the «“Gold Coast Colony” has been established, and the Governor (Sir G. C. Strakan) has been to Akra too, which lies within the province of our Mission, and has taken the oath of allegiance from the petty king of the tribes there, when he commanded them to do away with slavery. Some of Then our Sta- our Catechists had to serve as interpreters. tions were inspected by the Governor and his suite. We are confident that this political change in the Gold Coast will essentially help our Mission: first by establishing peace and putting an end to those harassing perpetual wars and rumours of wars, then by abolition of slavery, and we also hope to receive some material help in the shape of grants-in-aid for our schools, and to get by and bye good roads. As early as 1872, when our brethren were still prisoners in Kumase, they started the idea of erecting a permanent Mission in that place. A When the war was ended, before the captives had come to Basel, the Committee of the Church Mission telegraphed to Basel that they had been requested to begin a Mission in Kumase to follow up the success of the war, but they wanted to know whether our Society which had the first claims did not intend to extend their work to that country. Our Society proposed that the Church Mission should take the Western part and we would take the Eastern part of the kingdom of Ashante, want of funds hindering us for the present from carrying out the plan cherished for very many years, of penetrating into the interior of Africa by the way of Kumase. Instead of this o | proposal the Church Mission offered to start a subscription in England towards the erection of an inland Mission in Kumase by the Basel Society, which since then they have Begun to do. The Christians in Southern Germany and Switzerland have also taken the matter to heart, and somewhat more than £1000 have up to this time been collected by 57 e them. Two Missionaries have already been sent out, to make themselves ready for Kumase in one of our stations on the coast, the third who was intended for that purpose is as yet held back in Germany on account of his military obligations. We insert here {from “The Hlustrated Missionary News” the Appeal of the Basel Mission Society to the English Christians ;— “The Evangelical Missionary Society of Bale, Switzerland, hereby solicits Evangelical Christians of Great Britain to contribute to the creation of a fund for the extension of their Missionary operations on the English Gold Coast of Western Africa, beyond the former borders of the British Protectorate to the interior of the kingdom of Ashantee. This Society commenced their work onthe Gold Coast more than forty years ago, with the express intention, and with the plan hither- to constantly kept in view, to proceed with the Gospel step by step from the seashore towards Ashantee and the interior of Africa. In accordance with this plan, their Missionaries occupy now four distriets of the Eastern part of the Protectorate—Accra, Adangme, Akwapem and Akem, the latter being the Northern border of the Protectorate towards Ashantee. On the 1st of January 1874 there were 35 European Mission- aries, with 19 European ladies and 58 Native Assistants in the service of the Bale Missionary Society on the Gold Coast, labouring at 9 principal stations and 17 branch-stations. In these 26 places we 130 find as many Christian congregations, with 2,414 converts; candidates for baptism, 1 theological seminary, 2 seminaries for teachers, 2 grammar schools preparing young men for the seminaries; 3 boarding schools for girls, 3 boarding schools for boys, and 22 day- schools. 884 scholars are instructed in these different schools. Farmers and artisans, sent out by the Bale Society, have instructed 8 . : el i Native Christians in agriculture and arts, and a number of useful Native labourers bear testimony to the good result of this branch of Missionary work. Our Missionaries have completely mastered the Tshi language, ™ which is spoken not only in Akwapem and Akem, but throughout the kingdom of Ashantee. ‘We have therefore resolved to advance, for— 1 ‘We cannot believe that the Lord has brought our Missionaries to the borders of Ashantee to stop their operations there; we believe that He will engage them in Ashantee herself. 2 The essential preparations for a Missionary expedition to Ashantee are accomplished by our Missionaries; we have not to make them, as other Societies would have to do. “3. Our Missionaries, the Rev. F. Ramseyer and Mr. Kiihne, 4 were captives at Kumasi for four years and a half. During that time they were eye-witnesses of the fearful misery and woe among the different Ashantee tribes, caused by the most blood-thirsty Govern- ment that can be imagined. [Their German Diary will soon be translated into English, and published.] Even during their captivity, the Missionaries asked our Committee very urgently to send messen- gers of salvation to the Ashantees, and thus to revenge all the cruelty and injury inflicted upon them by the Ashantees. Immediately after their deliverance by the British army, they again and again renewed their petition to the Committee of the Bale Society, and Mr. Ramseyer, whose health alone has been preserved, has offered himself to esta- il blish a Mission in Ashantee. 4 Not only Swiss and German friends of the Mission have asked the Committee of the Bale Missionary Society to extend their work to Ashantee, but also the Committee of the Church Missionary Society in London, in consideration of their intimate connexion with the Bale Society for so many years, and in view of the present position of both 59 B Societies, have not only encouraged our Committee to undertake an Ashantee Mission, but have, uncalled for, made also the kind offer to receive at their office contributions from English friends on behalfof a Bale Ashantee Mission. On these grounds the Committee of the Evangelical Missionary Society at Bale are resolved to start the work. For this purpose they have (1) chosen three students of their Missionary College, who re- ceived instructions to embark from Liverpool for the Gold Coast in November, and in the first instance to prepare themselves at Kyebi, the capital of the Akem land, for their future work among the Ashantees, which will be commenced after the return of Mr. Ramseyer to the Gold Coast, if, in the meantime, a sufficient fund can be raised. (2) They intend, first, to make a mountain station near Begoro, close to the border of Ashantee. This station will be a material and spiritual link for future undertakings in Ashantee herself. From Begoro they will proceed to the next Ashantee province, Okwao, where our Mission is known and acknowledged among the Natives. From Okwao they will, if expedient, push forward to Kumasi or to other places in a western or northern direction of the interior. This plan has been approved by the captive Missionaries as well as by Sir John Glover. The realization of this plan requires the sum of £6000 for the foundation of the projected stations, and an annual sum of £700 for carrying on the work. As soon as £2000 shall be raised, we shall start with the Begoro station. Our present Missions in different parts of the world need the regular contributions of our friends, which we have received hitherto. A decrease of these contributions would weaken the existing work; consequently, we need assistance from abroad for the Ashantee Mission. The Gold Coast is a British colony, and therefore British Christians will have special interest in the evangelization of that part of Africa. For forty years the Béale Missionary Society have laboured on the 8 * 60 e Gold Coast with God’s rich blessing on their work, and have made large sacrifices of men and means for that coast. These faects strengthen our hope that English Christians will give us substantial assistance. Encouraged by our friends in England, we appeal to all B/ | British Christians in the name of the Lord, in whom we have com- munion, and for whose kingdom we all have to work, and ask them to enable us by liberal contributions to preach the Gospel to the Ashantees. The Committee of the Evangelical Missionary Society at Béle, in their name, J. JOSENHANS, Principal of the Evangelical Missionary Institution, and, Secretary of the Hvangelical Missionary Society. BALE, 13th October 1874. | Contributions will be received either by E. Hurcuison, Esq., the Lay Secretary at the Office of the Church Missionary Society, Salisbury Square, London; or by Mr. J. P. WerNer, Agent of the Bale Missionary Society, 8, Moorgate Street, London.” Our Mission on the Gold Coast has now a church of 1414 members, scattered over 26 stations and out-stations, and varying in the different places from 829 in Akropong, to 19 in Kukurantumi. The number of baptisms from the heathen has been 166 during the year 1873, the last about which full reports are at hand. As in India we have there too, our full machinery, of: Itineration, Day-Schools and Boarding Schools for Christians and heathen boys and girls, Middle Schools, Catechist Seminary for those who intend preaching the Gospel, b | of regular care of the congregation, of Industrial Establish- ments of various kinds and of Mercantile Establishments. The difference being that heathen children are more easily and more frequently made over to the entire charge of the Mission, and that mercantile enterprise finds there a fuller scope and is more necessary than in India. e et 61 China. Our Mission has in the South of China four stations with 10 out-stations, Hongkong, the chief station, being in the island of Victoria on English ground and Chongchong and Njenhangli The senior being inland about 150 miles from the coast. Missionary Rev. R. Lechler, who first went out in 1846, was able to go out again to his field of labour. Besides him, there are 8 Missionaries, 2 of whom are Chinese who have passed through a course of studies in Europe in the Basel Mission College and have been ordained in Germany. The different congregations number 968 church-members, of whom 106 were added in 1874, the year under review. A Seminary at Lilong trains 10 youths for the work of Catechists. One congregation contains a Christian woman who as heathen has killed 6 of her own daughters and a second that has killed 3 daughters, so that we can easily realize the moral degradation which pre- vails everywhere among the Chinese. Whilst at the end of 1872 the attitude of the heathens was very threatening and several acts of violence were com- mitted, Mission work in 1873 went on very peacefully, and even the building of the Catechist Seminary that had been interrupted by violence could be taken up again, the Mission- aries that had been obliged to flee could come back. The latest news relates of a typhoon of most extraordinary violence that swept over the island of Hongkong on the 23rd September 1874, making fearful devastations among the Chinese and European ships in the harbour and amongst the houses on shore. Many more than 1000 lives must have been lost, 1000 dead bodies having been found by the Police on British Territory alone; many of course are on Chinese ground, and many in the sea. The Mission-house was injured very materi- 62 e ally, yet some rooms remained uninjured; more than 300 loads of debris had to be carried away from our roofs. Persia. B In our last Report we said that two Armenian Missionaries Mr. Abraham Amirchanyanz and Mr. Melcom Asduadsadrian were on their way to Persia to establish an orphanage from the sur- plus of the Persia Famine Relief Fund in Southern Germany. They arrived in Tebris in the spring of 1874 and intended to settle down there. But the American Missionaries in Persia being apprised of their intentions, had taken care to occupy Tebris before the two Missionaries arrived. And now they demanded from our Committee that we should leave Tebris to them, the first comers, and in this their demand they were backed by their Home Committee in New York. To avoid a conflict, our Missionaries were advised to proceed to Ispahan. But one of them, 4braham Amirchanyanz resisted this order, and did it in a manner that finally led to a disruption, so that we now have there only one Missionary, who will settle in Ispahan. THE STATE OF OUR FINANCES 1s very much the same as last year, the debt having scarcely changed. There is however every hope that the accounts of | 1874, when squared, will not show a new deficit, as happened in the last years, but will leave the old very much as it is. 63 In conclusion we feel bound first of all to thank our gracious Lord and Father for all the help He has granted us. He has fed day by day the large number of Labourers in all the branches of our Mission, although there is no fund to fall back upon, but every pie is a gift of free will from His children, the giving of which is indeed a duty for them, but one which can only be en- forced by conscience and the Spirit’s working. He has granted success to our labours, though not as abundant as we might wish, yet more than we deserve. And He has this year given us an exceptional proof of His help in liberating the prisoners in Africa from amidst the barbarous masses of Kumase in which human sacrifices Our thanks also are due to all are of daily occurrence. the Christian friends who have listened to the Lord’s call and have helped us on with their gifts and their pra- yers. Let us trust the Lord that He will grant greater blessings in future and that the work will be carried out which He has placed in our hands. Amen. e o DG Stations of the Basel Berman Bvangelical ¥lission Society IIN SOV - N SRR ERTG TN A A. CANARA DISTRICT (Corrected up to the 1st March 1875) Pages on Hative gents which the Stations & Out-Stations Deacons, Catechists Station is missionatie“‘z’ ate of Ac- mentioned and Evangelists tive Service 1. Mangalore Mr. G. Pfleiderer Israel Aaron 10..33. 35 79 OUT-STATIONS: Rev. J. J. Brigel Christanuja Watsa %% 38. 38. 40 Bolma, Ravaneshwara, Hosadurga, Rev. J. B. Griter § -1 Charles Gojar 42. 46. 48 Kasargode. Rev. S. Gundert Johanan Zechariah 1868 52. b4. Rev. Th. Walz 1872 Benjamin Ponon Mr. Th. Digel Jeremia Sonna 1874 Rev. W. Sikemeier Daniel Ammanna 1856 Mr. N. Weitbrecht Nathan Suchitta 1874 Mr . G. Hirner My .. C. Hiittinger Mz . A. Burkhardt Mr b Hanr |/ Rev. E. Hirlin Mr. C. Pfleiderer Mr. J. Baumann Rev. Sebastian Furtado 1866 30. 34. 37. 2. Mulky Rev. H. Daimelhuber OUT-STATIONS: Rev . J. Hafner Rev. Daniel Aaron 1872 39 Munderu, Santur, Kutyar, Ulya, 1867 Abrabham Hery Kadike, Kodetur, Padubidri, Kalatur, Samuel Bunyan 1869 Utchila, Padur, Mullur, Yermala, Israel Eliezer Mallar, Peroor. 1871 Rev . A. Minner 1872 11. 38. 42. 3. Udapy Rev. Diego Fernandez OUT-STATIONS: Rev . G. Ratter Eliezer Paul 1866 45. 46. Udyawara, Shirva, Bolle, Kat- Samuel Andrea 1867 Rev . A. Brasche tingeri, Ninjur, Kudigrama, Palli, Rev . A. Ziegler Daniel Andrea 1867 Gudde, Cap, Mundodi, Kattupadi, 1870 Kurkal, Madambail, Kalanja, Posur, Henry Robert Koppala, Kalianapur, Uppur, Bolma- Gabriel Almanda 1871 Bethuel Soans 1873 ar, Tottam, Kakkunje. Josias Aarons 1873 1863 Johann Philip Salins o 4 HKarkal Rev. P.%Ott Obed Sumitra 1874 OUT-STATIONS: Rev. J. Hermelink Mudar, Nandolige. ative gents which the Pages on Stations & Out-Stations Missionarics Deacons, Catechists Station is and Evangelists mentioned 5. Honore Rev. W. Niibling Jacob Kamsika = |Date of Ac- & [tive Service 42 OUT-STATION . Mark Salis % Karwar. 6. Mercara Rev. F. Kittel 54 Mr. J. Miller oy L] Anandapur Rev. H. A. Kaundinya Joseph Bhagyan 1873 31 99 Attolimani. OUT-STATION Rev. J. F. Veil B. SOUTHERN MAHRATTA DISTRICT 8. Dharwar Rev. Titus Costa Lot Hery 1868 14. 42. 44, Rev. J. Welsch Rev. J. J. Thut 9. Hubly Christian Chinnappa 1858 35. 40. 42. Mr. Fr. Ziegler David Punita 1874 44 OUT-STATIONS Rev. N. Hiibner Solomon Devadasa 1874 Unakallu, Hebsur. Rev. R. Schenkel 10. Bettigherry Rev . W. Roth Paul Badappa 1858 37. 45. OUT-STATION: Rev . W. Hasenwandel Shagoti. 1858 1I. Guledgud Rev . Ch. G. Weigele Solomon Bhaskar 14. 38. OUT-STATION: Rev . G. Grossmann Kardenhalli. C. MALABAR DISTRICT 1851 31: 32. 39. 12. Cannanore Rev ). M. Ttz Charles Stocking OUT-STATIONS: Rev . J. Lauffer Abraham Mulil 1854 36. 42. 43. Chowa, Taliparambu, Chirakal 1855 44. 52. Rev. Chr. Rock Ezra Arunajalam Mr. W. P. Schonthal Abraham Chatayappen 1855 Mr. A. Dobler 1861 Jacob Chammanchery Cornelius Hutten 1867 Joseph Taddai 1871 Jacob Kumaren 1863 Abraham Arangaden 1870 %6 Pages on Hative Bgents which the Stations & Out-Stations Rlissionaries Deacons, Catechists Station is and Evangelists ive Service mentioned Date of Ac- I3. Tellicherry Rev. Chr. Miiller Rev. Paul Chandren 1867 30. 32 . 39 Rev. J. Kittel Jacob Heber 1849 40. 41 44 Mr. W. Schmolck Gabriel Pirachen 1850 45. 46 52 Stephan Chandren 1867 Joseph Mandody 187 14, Chombala Rev. S. Walter Paul Sneham 1861 12 17 32 89 OUT-STATIONS: Rev. A. Bourquin David Teikandy 1866 52 Muverattu, Kandappenkundu. Isaac Laban 1871 15. Calicut Rev. Th. Fr. Schauffler Matthai Kunyan 1843 16 27 32 OUT-STATIONS: Rev. J. Knobloch Paul Chittayagam 1859 40 14 52 Elatoor, Coilandy, Beypore. Mr. Fr. Matthissen Johanan Peter 1859 53 54 Mzr. Th. Elsésser William Davis 1861 Mr . G. Spillmann Jona Padiath 1868 Mr . C. Feuchter Timotheus Parakandy 1869 Mr . J. S. K. Ostermeier 1872 Joseph Mirandez Rev . C. Linder 1868 39 16. Codacal Rev. Joseph Jacobi OUT-STATION Mattu Peter 1850 Parapery. A. P. Veliattingara 1871 Rev. K. A. E. Diez 1850 20. 21. 24. 17. Palghaut T. Cochan Wengalan OUT-STATIONS Rev. G. Wagner Tobias Chembankodan 1867 27. 32. 33. Kannani, Panayur-Attikodu, Gabriel Hermon 1873 44. 45. Kinanur, Wadakanchery, Karuva- Abel Kattuparamben 1863 para. Daniel Nyarakaden 1870 Chr. Parambattukavil 1870 John Puthenvidu 1870 69 D. NILGHERRY DISTRICT 1. Kaity Rev . W. Stokes Silas Shanta 1874 38. 41. OUT-STATION: Rev . A. Kohler Nerkamby. Rev . 4. Layer 19. Kotagher/ry Rev . J. A. Biihrer Jacob Kanaka 1868 Grpenditore of the ARlission during the year 1874 Rs As ’-U Personal Expenditure 58,525 10 Journeys, including Home-passages 92.936 13 Munshis 1,464 14 17,677 15 Deacons, Catechists and Evange.lists. Postages L1r1 15 Libraries 407 Church Expenses 1,281 239 14 Medical Expenses Schools, English and Vernacular 14,623 15 Orphanages, Boys and Girls 13,861 Catechist and Preparandi Schools 9,597 14 Buildings, Repairs and Rents 12,825 Purchases 505 15 Agricultural Outlays. an(.i Ta'xes. 1,305 10 Furniture 908 14 Printing Charges 1,347 12 Administration 2,290 Interest, Bill discount, ete. 186 15 =LA @O0 @ G e O O OO COL L OO0 O Bl G0 Total Rs. 161,101 ; & 0 B, Mangalore, 31st December 1874 SUBSCRIPTIONS AND DONATIONS TOWARDS THE MISSION FUND Received during the year 1874 Rs. As P. Rs. As P R. H. Hunter Esq, Rutnagiri 100 0 AT MANGALORE. J. Neuberg Esq. 65 Col. G. W. Walker, for Col. Field, Poona 25 Canara and Malabar 1200 (=) Capt. J. W. Oldham, r. E. 50 Col. A. J. Bruce, Shimoga 30 S Dr. J. Vitters 12 Mr. Xavier, Apothecary 10 o J. Macpherson Esq. 10 Dr. J. Sperschneider, J. Lodge Esq. 10 Trivandrum 98 12 J. N. Beyts Esq. Lt. Col. John Goddard 10 H. Conder Esq. 25 Capt. E. S. Skirmer 20 L. Macdonald Esq. Mrs. S. A. Fitzgibbon 20 G. Manson Esq. 10 Col. H. H. O’Connel 100 J. Kingsmill Esq. 10 Drummer Rosario Th. Graham Esq. Dr. H. Gundert, Calw 50 SISOl O O O O © O © O © © © Rev. J. G. Deimler 10 Mr. Xavier, Toomkoor, Major Candy, Poona 50 through Col. Bruce 10 0 (=1 J. Westlake Esq. 10 © S Solo ol e e o o o o O SO o000 oo 6 o o oo oo & Acknowledged by Rev. J. Brigel. AT HONORE. H. S. Thomas Esq. 420 0 H. C. Hayne Esq. Tinnevelly 50 (==} (=) Mrs. Logan 60 60 [en] A. Spens Esq. Capt. Q. S. A. Jamieson 60 J. Ingle Esq. 10 S 40 A. Mc. C. Webster Esq. AT MERCARA. Col. Hailes, 8th Regiment 30 Mr. G. Bertram Mrs. Warlow 40 Capt. R. G. Jenkins 15 Mr. J. 8. Harvey Rev. Dr. J. Mackee 12 Dr. A. McAllum 15 Mrs. Palmer Rev. G. Richter 13 12 Col. Couchmann 5 (=i ol i lamy i lam) - (eopd el Hamh oy () SISO © O O O I i S Mr. Bastian D’Soza 15 Rev. W. S. Trottman 18 AT BOMBAY. Ne N 200 DO o Gl & Qo e olc &S Collected by Rev. J. G. Deimler AT ANANDAPUR. Th, Bosanquet Esq. 200 O H. Minchin Esq., for 1873 20 72 Rs. As. P Rsy As. P Donald Stewart Esq. bo -0 0 Col. G. Selby, Waltair 110 0 The 50 0 O From a Friend 1 IR J. Haller Esq. J. Hunt Esq. 10 A Christian soldier 12 L1 oM Q. 10 1.6 AT DHARWAR. 2 Girls 1 (<>l e S =R <) C 0 O RO J.E M 100 Col. P. A. Von Homrigh, D.B Col. J. H. Champion, Secundrabad 25 (= (= P 12th N. I. 10 L1 15 AT TELLICHERRY. N. Daniell Esq. ‘W. Sandwith Esq. 40 A. Gover Esq. 40 Dr. G. C. Bell 15 Van Someren Esq. 15 22 130 Col ‘W. H. Scott Esq. J. Reid Esq. Mrs Major Bartholomew 10 G. J. Young Esq. 50 Mg R. C. Beynon Esg. 30 G. R. Thomas Esq. 10 A. M. Don Esq. 10 Mg L. D. Baudry Esq. Mr A. Steward Esq. 15 J. B. Cross Esq. Cap W. W. Robinson Esq 30 M. Austin Esq. F. L. Goldsmid Esq. 10 10 8.3 T. Rice Esg. ‘W. Robertson Esq. 10 G. Ross Esq. 10 10 20 M1 Capt. J. Lawrence Miss King, Ooty A. M. Cantem Esq. Mrs. King © 0 e 0 000 OO0 0 e o O 0 0 OO O O QO Dr A Friend 10 A Friend AT CALICUT. Hon 225 (= (=} Mr. Ch. Compalais 12 A. MacGregor Esq. \h‘s A. G. Groves Esq., July- Dr Mr. J. K. Laxton S e o000 @ e 9 00 oD e 0 e O ® 000 e DI OIONS OO ITONO OO Nov. 1873 75 J.§ AT GULEDGUD. 10 L. A. Browden Esq Ay Capt. Hay 25 ==} () L. Garthwaite Esq. 50 The Dr. Thorp & R. Hogg Esq. 25 (=] (=} Lady Hobart 50 0 A. F. Schlunk Esq. 36 AT CANNANORE. His G. Henke Esq. 18 L Capt. J. Gabbatt 33 W. Henke Esq. Capt Capt. W. N. Wroughton 18 J. J. Nash Esq. 12 Col. Williams 18 Cal, A. J. B. Logan Esq. 20 His Col. Campbell 34 10 E. Rouse Esq., Coimbatore Col. Melony 12 P. O. Pothan Esq. 24 Col. Macdonrald 22 Jii Messrs. Frank & Co., Madras 150 () B (=Yl B ol > T e R — P o Y Y B (o 1 <= (2T o o S o o e S om0 - [l o F O = T Dr. F. Fletcher 56 AT PALGHATUT. Adjt. W. H. Sawyer 55 Brig. Gen. Cooke W. P. Austin Esq. 10 Capt. Mylius 26 Mrs. Dupen 12 =) o 0 eI OO OO C 0 oo o o 0 o o o 12 Apothecary Morris F. C. Elsworthy Esq. &3 P Rs. As. P. Rs. As. P The Hon’ble W. Robinson 200 0 Thomas Stanes Esq., Coonoor 50 0 J. R. Gormann Esq. 8 8. Rl K e HL T Knox Esq. 35 . B. 10 = J. Grimes Esq. Rev. D. Fenn 10 40 (=) K= (e ) (e el ol =) ) 20 % o J. E. Porteus Esq. Mrs. Hayne Miss Molpas D. Buik Esq., for Karuwa-\ para Chapel 54 G. 5 10 10 J. J. Tomlinson Esq. Rev. G. English M. H. AT KAITY. . 10 C. Gray Esq. Col. M. B. Salmon 10 Col. G. W. Walker 120 Mrs. Higgins 20 fl Mrs. G. W. Bricks, England 50 Mrs. Onslow 30 10 Mr. Van Someren fZ‘ ]ji:{]% 50 Sl e > e e el el 8 O & O & aie o o a o e o o6 O 0 O O O Capt. Morant, r. E. (<o A s oy A o () SIS O D O M‘r. (‘}eo'rge Arbuthnot & S. R. Cockerell Esq., Com- 50 missioner 25 Mr. James Stones Mr., M. Hill M. B. Grigg Esq. Dr. W. F. Davis Mr. W. Clarke 20 o D o D OO o T T e & W. E. Schmidt Esq. S. Davidson Esq. 20 G. Steevens Esq. Hon’ble J. W. Sim Mrs. Hankin Mr. F. Cawdery B We (=)ol g et o) (i <o) i = =) SO DD OO Dr. Van Someren 30 20 Mission Box from the children J. Sturrock Esq. of Mr. Stanes’ Day-School A Widow’s mite .o © o o O O @IS O O OO 9 at Coonoor The Right Rev. Lord Bishop of Madras 50 AT KOTAGHERRY. His Excy. The Right Hon’ble F. Cockburn Esq. 200 Lord Hobart, Governor 70 Rev. G. English, Offertory Capt. Awdry, Priv. Secretary 10 Collection 38 Col. Gillilen 10 Mrs. Viekers 3 A Friend 40 His Excy., Lt. Gen. Sir F. P. Haines, Commander- For Orphan Schools, inabox 19 in-Chief 50 Miss Cockburn 30 S b O O O ()i i o il o (< —llas e ehltent Fas eh ey s Bies ea S S SE R — e e < < Church Tax of the Mangalore Congregation. From January to December o 205 14 10 SR Ty 74 Contributions of Members of the Congregations. Rs. As. P Rs. As. P Mangalore: Balmattha Johana Kabadi 08 0 Brotherly Association 14 8 0 N. N. 0 2 0 il Balmattha Brotherly Aid Sunday Offerings of the Society — Congregation Ll L € Tow Christian Friendly Society Bettigherry and Shagoty Mr. Lucas Joshua Congregations 30 ” A. Aarons Ot i © O (== oM EL] (o= o {mm) flew) dlor) Guledgud: Mission Collections 3 A Member of the Congre- Paul 25 gation Salomo Bhaskar Mr. J. Kerod Noah Mange ” P. Simeon Mark N Mulky g (=mia(cmid 0 ) ] (=) (=i ilem e United Friends’ Society Cannanore Congregation 14 Dhary Mulky: Boarding School, Chowa Congregation h Ot OOl Dre O © (e=)ilom) o) Ao eo ) om Vi (o) Hubly Children, Fasting 30 12 Tellicherry: Rev. Paul Bettig] Mission Box Chandren, Deacon 22 Guledg 20 Mulky & Kadike Congre- Mr. Francis, Overseer Conna gations 13 N. N. Rev. Daniel Aaron, Deacon 5 Chombala Congregation Bt 53 Calicut: Isaac Uneri Udapy & Out-stations Karkal Congregation 0 fu—y Rice Collection 31 At My Homnore ” Codacal: N N 2 9 Ud: Mercara k2 Rev. Joseph Jacobi, Deacon 1 y Hu Anandapur: Mr. Jos, Kire 10 Samuel Joshua 1 » Bel Mry. Philip Anthony 24 Cat. Antony Paul 12 Diversi ” Stephan Anthony ” David Kire 24 Palghaut: Congregation Other members Mr. George 2 = oo O OO O O MDD O o SF RIS OO O O OO QD Matu Dharwar Congregation ” Hubly: Cat. Christian ” Manikam R Chinnappa ” Joseph B, Capt. Paul Nagappa From the Out-stations Capt, | Jonathan Hawala Palghaut Sunday School , Maria Sujee Kaity Congregation = O D W OO [ty @ G LGN DD e DO G0 ORI IS ol an @S S Co W O @ O et © O CLO. OOO S @ Aaron Dauli Kotagherry: Daniel, Carpen- Cat. Salomo Devadatta ter 12 0 Manappa Hombala Samuel, School Master 9 0 Myg Tabitha Hawala Mission Box 2-11 Mgy (S “ [} (S BN S = B e Katharina Vellayen For Orphan Schools A4y Ratnappa Hawala o e NN DD N 3 O © OQUIIIS OO O IO R e e O e @ el ot Dl 75 S A Subscriptions for Schools. As P, Rs: As. P " Rs. As. P. 8 AT MANGALORE. AT CALICUT. B ) Towards the Infant School. 5001 0 H. W. Roberts Esq., m. D. 18 L. Garthwaite Esq. A.Sarwotham Rao Esq. B.4. 2 Towards Brahmin Girls' School. H. S. Thomas Esq. 900 0 F Collections in Aid of the Orphan Schools. 30 Mangalore Congregation 32 b o8 Tellicherry Congregation 6 14 6 Chombala 12 ;;) Mulky ” Dharwar ” 3 2 0 Calicut » 48 13 S — SR S S Hubly 20. 9 Tt Codacal ” Bettigherry 13 Bi 0 Palghaut ”» 10 Guledgud ” 3 15 0 SO Ol O e 11 3 5 Kaity " Cannanore — S GOt e o Boarding Contributions to the Orphanages. i G, VT At Mulky 65 § 0 | At Tellicherry 60 5 Uﬂapy 60 6 4 » Chombala 60 28 10 86 » Hubly » Calicut » Bettigherry™ 68 0 0 » Kaity 20 ®n o OO S S OO s ® S o = - e coi <ol ani ool oL fes i o el e For educating Protestant Children of the Regiment in the Boarding Schools at Mulky and Tellicherry. 0 0 1 0 H. S. Thomas Esq., Tanjore 36 Dr. R. Dempster Capt. Q. 8. A. Jamieson 25 00 J. Moss Esq. 4 0 Capt. F. Ranking 200 = oo o8 o oo o> e ED o> W Gt e e e e Government Grants-in-Aid. 67 MANGALORE Brahmin Girls’ School MULKY 191 12 Girls’ Boarding School ) 11 ANANDAPUR Parochial School 72 423 3 12 DHARWAR Anglo-Vernacular School Vernacular School 172 (a=le (SEN Haoil dem) (o) 10% Sl 76 Rs. As. P HUBLY Anglo-Vernacular School 497 Boys’ Boarding School 60 Parochial Girls’ School 1% Old Hubly Vernacular Schoc;l 73 o | BETTIGHERRY 85 Girls’ Boarding School Vernacular School 1Lk GULEDGUD Vernacular School 22 CANNANORE Anglo-Vernacular School 153 Vernacular School at Mulil 111 » ” » Tchalatta 132 ” » - ‘Chowa 37 Parochial School 41 CHOMBALA Girls’ Boarding School 362 CALICUT Anglo-Vernacular School 930 Vernacular School at Putiyangady 86 Girls’ Boarding School 532 CODACAL Parochial School 191 ” ” Parapery . 33 PALGHAUT Anglo-Vernacular School 223 1 Parochial School 53 Vernacular School in Kannani 43 OO DN OO O O R RO OO O 0D b N D SIS S @I OO @@ IS GO @ QMO @G G Donations for the Mangalore Sickhouse. H. 8. Thomas Esq. 64 Capt. R. G. Jenkins 10 Mangalore Cricket Club 67 Col. Couchmann 44 C. Riehm Esq. J. Moss Esq. 10 Mrs. Logan 20 Dr. A. Mc’Allum Mrs. Warlow 16 Mrs. Ryves 10 Mr. L. Joshua A. Mec. C. Webster Esq. Mrs. Dempster 15 Mr. A. Aarons Dr. A. Burnell Mr. R. Peter, Dresser J. Ball Esq. 22 » P. M. Joseph Mrs. Palmer ”» J. Kerod :é J. A. Boys Esq. 12 » Ram Rao 10 (=100 o140 o} e o R0 N0 o)t (<> Sl co Vil on L oo Yl @y © IO OO0 E @ O Capt. Q. S. A. Jamieson 24 @GO 0O IO D Ol OO SO ONO SN @IS S TSRO 77 Contributions for the Sanitarium on the Kudremukh, (Details of the amount, already acknowledged last year, as “collected by Miss James Bs. 1178 10 0.) (o Rs. As. P Rs. As. P A small Donation 2 8 Miss Helen James 100 0 Mrs. Aspinwall 10 Henry Jones Esq. 50 Miss Barras 10 Mr. & Mrs. Kempson 21 Mrs. Carfrae 10 Henry Kennard Esq. 50 Mrs. W. Lord C. J. Curtis Esq 50 Rev. E. W. Edgell 52 Mrs. Page 10 Edward Frewen Esq 10 Mr. & Mrs. Peele 50 Mrs. Frewen 20 250 Mrs. Charles Rollings Miss Frewen George Rollings Esq. 50 Miss C. Gambier 20 Major Rollings 10 Mrs. Goodfellow 10 10 Major Rollings (by) Robert Harrison Esq Miss Shaw 31 105 Miss Homan 10 Mrs. Williams Henry Hyde Esq. 52 Miss Edith Williams 10 W. B. James Esq. 31 Miss Florence Williams 10 o D oD D OO @D DL O DO 50 ST RSO O O O O IO OO © S O 0 Ise 0 O/0 & e ala O O O O Interest i S oo © O DS OO IOICRO IO OO Edward W. James Esq. %@%mgﬁ@% € INDEX P~~~ Page European Missionaries of the Basel German Evangelical Mission 3 Report Increase of our Congregation 10 Converts from Heathenism 10 Congregation 22 22 Care of the Congregations ‘What is the Condition of the Congregatlons 27 30 Church-discipline Catechists and Evangelists 36 38 Deacons European Missionaries 38 Preaching to the Heathen 40 & Educational Department 43 47 Literary Work Printing Press and Book & Tract Depomtory 48 Industrial Establishments 52 The Mercantile Establishments 54 The Operations of our Society in other Countries 55 Africa 55 China 61 Persia 62 The State of our Finances 62 Conclusion 63 Stations of the Basel German Evangelical Mission Society in South-Western India (giving at the same time an index to the pages where the several Stations are men- 64 tioned in the Report) Expenchture of the Mission during the year 187 4 70 i Subseriptions and Donations B v e g D SRy . S e e = iﬁ\%}zﬁ - o - —_— e (i = M M i W H ! WM k- M w\u - | i M i | i g | w | W W m | NSRS s i - e S = - = i s ik o v i e e 4 [ e L7 P 8 Bl W S ot o S N W i S8 or .. i :. ¥ i iy 1 9 i G ‘&’Ql & o e 4 * 4 BN o f Ve & 3. Py 2% ot ¥ :’v‘ A 5 ,;i ol ¥y G ¥ i & e . > o % i s s o S e o & . e L oy € e ¥ b 5 ‘:«’ Sie ¢ 9 o i % ‘Evv - OeE . WA W ; L3 g &, g i b B o i i e e ' | & i B4 g i b fen 3'? e E; &l 4 {& A ¥ e o8 TR o }1" :‘? e 35 3 a X 54 1"-"*: 3 ;&é 5 ; s wry e 5 ek LA 5 R . < 5, g ey ¥ et ; i .}» wF oy % s ¥, 5 S xﬁ g B Fok, > o i ol # ,}u&! % % & 4 i e i i, m“{? L% g B !m B S g g Lol K, ?‘}:ﬁ. > <4 i b %3 2 'y 4«3&” ”éz \ A I, % 5 \uz\% S % 4 v f ¥ o B L i & = 5 ;f: %i % h i f s %f ;:(&: A0 A =5 v % > g wv*‘JY @ sl > ok ) W £ s i . % s e, LS i’ kg S | € & \k M o L % & * o e o ¥ e e b e . By gﬁi W 7 e, ! Y R Lo b o - ARG i f &% ey & %% ¥ | ) 2 i g ] :i E.: N 4 Bk 3 3 G, B * o ; e L% f. % i j B '%M‘ g a0 ¥ £ P\ % L % ok ‘i’i 5 “emppunic, i 3 & i b # o0, XY e L 5 R it %, . S : Wy 4 < A ) S B 1»‘,@ \ N igh i g ol ¥ s &%\ k. Et e 4 .5 | | Bl gV 36 G b - % S &"‘m g L 4 e & %;‘ b b4 i §4¢ 048 . e S - & o e g % P A . " ® By Wy % g i & o 1A » g ) b, S w i, e s S A 1a¢ & 5 a s Sy ! I 20 Vv [ | | 2 | REPORT @ 5 VierFarbSelector Standard * - Euroskala Offset | 1 OF THE b § © Basel German Hvangelical | 15 |.I§: ; | 14 MISSIONARY COCIET 13 | FOR 12 0 | 11 1874 | 10 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT | OF THE BASEL GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION IN SOUTH-WESTERN INDIA | | Bl Bl R R I's O OO BRSO MANGALORE PRINTED BY STOLZ & HIRNER, BASEL MISSION PRESS 1875 1 M Copyright 4/1999 YxyMaster GmbH www.yxymaster.com