GkVI162-4_1837
author: Rhenius, Charles Theophilus EwaldandSchaffter, Paul PacifiqueandMuller, J. J.andLechler, Johannes Michael

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4

FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT

OF THE

@erman Evangelical JWission

IN TINNEVELLY,

TO THE END OF DECEMBER, I837,

It is by the undeserved goodness of the Lord our God, that we are

enabled to behold the close of another year in a good degree of health

and strength, whilst, in the course of it, thousands of our fellow sin-

ners have been taken outof the land of the living. And, not only

have we been permitted to pass this year safely, but we have also

been favoured, in the midst of many infirmities, imperfections, temp-

tations and failings, with the needful grace to do something for the

glory of his name ; which, millions of our fellow-creatures have not

had the privilege of doing. Oh ! that we were more truly thankfual !

and that both his goodness and severity might stir us up to greater

devotedness to Him, and to warmer zeal in his wonderful work among

the children of men! What work is there on earth more necessary

and more honorable, than that of leading benighted and infatuated

men to the light and truth of the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ ? to

bring them into fellowship with the Father of Lights ; and to teach

them the way to hearty obedience to his holy and just commands ?

But, “ who is sufficient for these things ?”” "Were not the work of

evangelization accompanied by so many precious promises of the di-

vine blessing, we should despair of effecting any thing ; for the heart

of man is too much hardened; too much lost to a sense of divine

things, readily to yield even to the most eloquent persuasions of mere

men : and therefore, not by human might or power “ but b

rit, said the Lord.”

y my Spi-

Is it then from the want of a real feel

ing and of

an unreserved acknowledgment of this truth, that we see co

mparatively

so little fruit of Missionary labour ? or, is it a want of di

scernment of

the Divine Spirit’s working in his various grades, so to speak, which

makes us blind to his blessing and perhaps guilty o

bestowing none at all ?

For here,

f accusing Him of

as in the soil beneath our feet,

there is “ first the blade, then the ea

r, after that the full corn in the

ear.”’

Or, do we perhaps look at once for the fu

11 corn, when we

ought first, to mark the shooting forth of the blad

e? and yet, where

all the soil is stony and barren, it must surely

fill u

s with joy to be-

hold even a single blade spring up. Or, do we per

haps fix our eyes

too much on the stony and barren ground, so as

not to observe the

blades which here

and there are actually springing up ; and thus with.-

hold from our hear

ts the joy which we need for our enco

uragement to

go forward, and from the Lord of the harvest the

praise which is que

to him ?

It is our desire to avoid these errors with re

gard to the Tinnevelly

field.

If we cannot exhibit to our Christia

much full grown corn, we are glad to be abl

n friends and supporters

e to show them at least

many blades and ears, which have sprung up

in it; and trust they will

rejoice with us even in the day of small thing

S, praise the Loxrd for hig

blessing, and entreat him to bestow more,

FOURTH H%LF~YEARLY‘ REPORT OF THE

In giving our statement of this Mission, as it is at the close of this

year, we shall follow the usual arrangements.

I.—MISSIONARIES.

Our number continues the same as noted in our 3d Report at the end

of June last; excepting our families, in which we have had in the

course of this year to mourn over theloss of abeloved child of Mr.

Rhenius ; and to rejoice at the birth of a daughter in his family ; of

another daughter in Mr. Muller’s, and of a son in Mr. Schaffter’s. Our

four Mission families therefore consist of 3 sons and 6 daughters. We

aresorry to state that Mr. Lechler’s health has been indifferent, which

has obliged him at last to leave Tinnevelly forMadras or any other place

on the coast in quest of health,

May the Lord be gracious to him,

bless the means which may be used, and restore him soon to his work !

Mr. and Mrs. Muller proceeded in September last to our new establish-

ment at Suviseshapuram, about 35 miles south from hence ; where they

have taken 3 districts under their charge.

Besides our usual journies among the congregations and the sur-

rounding heathen, we have attended also several of the great idol feasts

in the province ; on which occasions many hundreds if not thousands

of idolaters, have heard the Gospel andreceived religious tracts, which

they have taken with them to their homes in all directions for their

farther instruction.

II.—CONGREGATIONS.

According to the summary annexed to this report, the total of people

in our connexion at present is..........2157 families, or 7378 souls.

The total at the end of June last was..2129

”

or 7262

"

Increase in the last half 'year...... -.. 28 families, or 11'

6 souls.

The increase in the former half year was 58

”

or

7

k2]

86 families or

Total increase’in the whole year......

373 souls.

These 2157 families are in 210 villages.

3

From several heathen villages applications have been made for

Christian teachers ; but the people proved at last not to be in earnest

or something came in their way, so that they have postponed the

great change till a more convenient season.

In some of the places where the congregations were divided, we have

been enabled to remove our people and settle them on separate lands,

in order to make an end of all unpleasant collision.

We are sorry to

say that eventhis healing measure has been oppesed, and the people

who removed their own houses have been subjected to no small trou-

ble. However, the Lord has graciously helped them through. We are

thankful to say that with the exception of these troubles, the people

have not had much to suffer ; excepting a congregation in the west,

where a backsliden headman endeavours to introduce again the

worship of devils in the village, and to engage influential heathen to

help him therein; threatening to abolish Christianity not only in that

place, but also in the neighbouring villages.

A congregation in ano-

ther place has not yet been able to obtain from the Maniyatchi Zemin-

dar, a small piece ofland for the erection of a prayer-house. - Many re-

quests have been made on the part of the people, and many promises

given on the part of the Zemindar and his agents for more than a year,

but in vain. It is evidently designed not to let Christianity get a foot-

ing there, which it is thought will be the case, if a prayer house be

builte. The people, however, appear to have a better foundation than a

GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION,

3

house made with hands ; they go on to learn the word of God in t};leir

houses, small and uncomfortable as they are, patiently waiting till the

Lord may be pleased to incline the hearts of their earthly masters to

give them a piece of land.

In a village to the north, where a few families commenced some

months ago to learn the word of God, a

nother Zemindar was very much

displeased with them for it, and would

not allow them to plough and

ated him to have pity on them,

to sow his lands as formerly ; they entre

t make them

assuring him expressly, that the C

hristian religion does no

worse but better men : he at last consented

, under condition that they

This they were not able to

should pay him 14 rupees for the favour.

He then lowered the fee

do ; they therefore repeated their entreaties.

to 7 rupees; this they paid

, and then got leave to till his land. Itis

visited this place only,

remarkable, that in November last the cholera

in that quarter of the cou

ntry : among 90 families, 60 persons were at-

tacked ; of whom only

14 recovered, and 46 died ; of whom were 3

children of the congregation. This has given a shock to all : some say

it is on account of Christianity that this has happened ; others main-

tain that it has been so because all the heathen there have not embrac-

ed the Vedam. Indeed, many of them had at first been willing to for-

sake heathenism, but drew back when they saw persecution coming.

We regret to say that only

2 families (of 7) have borne the trial well 3

the rest seem inclined to retrace their steps.

But the proper effect is

yet to come.

Including the last mentioned village, there are 24 heathen places, in

which the gospel has been newly planted in the course of this year.

Itis true thatin 12 of them there is at present but one family in each ;

still, a beginning is made, and we may hope for increase. In the rest,,

the number of families is larger ; three of them have two families

each; two others four families each; one has five families ; three of

them have seven families each; one has twelve families ; another twens-

ty-two families ; and a third, twenty-four families.

AtV

the principal persons had often before expressed to our Ca-

techists a wish to become Christians; but they as often drew back again.

A few months ago they told the Catechists that they were now in ear-

nest.

He would not believe them until they put away their idols,

% This” said they “ we shall do immediately ;”’ and then pulled down

their stone idols and gave them to him.

Besides their idols, there was

a large umbrella-tree on their ground, which was imagined to be the

chief residence of the Devil Sami, and inspired more dread and venera-

tion than the idols themselves. The Catechist pointing to the tree said

“ But what will you do with this tree ?”’

This also we shall cut down

before your eyes—it is of no use—we fear it no more :”” and so they got

an axe and felled it to the ground to the great astonishment of the hea-

then present, who expected that the hands and ears of the destroyers

would be seriously injured for it : but, no such thing happening, they

were convinced that the idols are indeed vanities.

There have been 97 baptisms during the last 6 months, viz., 29 men,

23 women, and 43 children.

The baptisms in the whole year, there-

.;

fore, have been 177. All the adults who have been baptized gave us

much reason to believe that their hearts are turned to the living God,

and that they have faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.

The Lord’s Supper has been administered not only at Palamecottah,

but also at several places in the

.country, to the great comfort of the

people.

FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE

The general state of the congregations continues as before ; we trust

It is e«

there is an improvement in their knowledge and character.

markable that whilst they will endure any bodily hardship for the gos-

pel’s sake, it is extremely hard for them to do any thing for it in a pe-

cuniary way. It must,however, be admitted that most of them have

nothing to spare of this world’s goods ; though there are some who

might do more. They provide, however, for the poor in their places,

and have contributed also 22 Rs. 5 A. 6 P. towards the spread of the

gospel, besides to other objects, as will be stated hereafter.*

But an

undue estimation of this world’s goods has been so deeply imprinted on

the native character, that in the ordinary way of the Lord’s dealings,

it will be long before it will be altogether corrected. Considering this

state of their character, how very necessary is it, not to put them an

example of worldly mindedness; not to persuade them in any wise that

prosperity in temporals is a thing greatly to be desired ; not to allure

them by promises of worldly advantages; not to boastof our connexion

with the rich and great of this world !

Conduct of this kind cannot

but increase in the Natives their natural stock of earthly-mindedness :

it must defeat our own proper object, and make our complaints about

their religious state unavailing. We have earnestly endeavoured by

the grace of God to counteract this worldly spirit as much as we can’;

and we have reason to say that the people in our charge learn more

and more to look away from men and the world, to Him, who alone is

able to help and save them from all evil.

Their faith in our Lord

Jesus Christ requires, in many instances, to be rightly directed. Many

believe on him indeed as their Saviour—but, not so much from sin it-

self, as from the consequences of it, viz. the misery of this life and of

that which is to come.

They, as we have often stated in former years,

resemble the Israelites in the wilderness, or the Jews mentioned in the

6th chapter of 5t. John’s Gospel ; they have still to experience the

plague of their own hearts.

However, there are also more advanced

believers among them, who feel not only the misery of this life, but

also sin as its cause, and they take hold of Christ crucified, as their

Saviour from it.

In one of the low caste congregations we have been grieved to see

much of a contentiousspirit,and its concomitant evils; but the leadersin

it have beenseparated from the congregation, which now goes on quiet-

1y,

In others, there have been individuals guilty of falsehood; but

on the whole the love of truth, or rather the fear of telling a lie, is

gaining ground every where. We have often heard from the mouth of

the heathen, that there is a remarkable improvement of character in

those who join the Christian Church; and this acknowledgment we

often use as a strong argument with those heathens for the excellence

of Christianity. The wealthy chetty (or merchant) in R-—— whom

* From the particulars mentioned in the sequel, it will appear that the contributions

have been the following

For the Mission canse

o e - idmd ) b e b

22

230

2

Religious Book Society

-

Peace Association

-

182

9

Poor Funds

224

@O ~Iex P

Total

-

-

-

659 —

Io

—

6

Of this swm the Native Christians and Schoolmasters have given at leas 500 Rupees

GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION,

5

we have mentioned in our former report as having purchased a copy of

the evidences of Christianity in Tamil for 2 Rups. and who has lately

purchased also a copy of the Harmony of the 4 Gospels for 3 rupees,

continues to read the scriptures with much attention and benefit : he

is fully persuaded that he must be a Christian ; labours much to over-

come the difficulties which his caste-connexions present to his baptism;

has reading of the word of God and prayer in his house ; is now strictly

hounest in his mercantile affairs, to the great surprize of his relations

and friends who conceive that it will be to the hurt of his purse ; and

has already got the noble fame of an honest merchant among the hea-

then.

His father was for a long time very angry with him on account

of all these strange proceedings ; but in November the Catechist re-

ported that he has at length yielded, and permits the Bible to have a

placein the almira of his room. We pray, and we entreat all the people

of God to pray, that the powerful working of the Holy Spirit may be

still more apparent among all sorts and conditions of men throughout

this district.

III.—CATECHISTS.

We have now 116 Catechists ; therefore 9 more than at the endof

June last ; of whom 6 occupy new stations; one was sent to a place

where the Catechist had been discontinued for some time ; and two were

sent to assist the Catechists in old stations on account of the increase

of their congregations.

That, notwithstanding the increase of Cate-

chists, the total increase of the people during the last 6 months should

be only 116 souls, as stated before, is caused by the decrease in other

congregations, occasioned by change of residence, by returning to

heathenism through oppression, or by being rejected for bad conduct.

The spiritual exercises of theCatechists have been as usual.

There

is a variety of graces and talents among them,

Temptations from

within and without are abundant ; so that it is no wonder that on par-

ticular oc¢casions their weakness should discover itself.

One Catechist

has been suspended for neglect of duty ; and a head Catechist has been

dismissed this month for a similar reason and unfitness for the work.

Catechist Asirvadam of Aneikerdiyiruppu died in November of cho-

lera, giving evidence that his heart was fixed on Christ.

He was a

faithful labourer.

In June last the Catechists heard a discourse on

John xiv, 23, “ If a man love me, he will keep my words :”” when the

question was solemnly put to them, ¢ what they had hitherto done

expressly from love to Christ ¥’

A number of them came afterwards

together and considered it seriously ; they at last resolved on sending

out a christian brother among the heathen, to read tracts to them and

exhort them to repentance and faith.

Accordingly, 21 persons, all

Catechists, excepting two who are christian woimen, formed themselves

into a_* Pil

grim Society” for making Christ known among the hea-

then. They chose a pious and willing man for their messenger, who,

accompanied by a volunteer, the aged father of a Catechist, has since

July last gone to many heathen villages with the message of salvation.

It

The Pilgrim Society support them by their own contributions.

was entirely the Catechists’ own act, and we he

ard of it only some

time after it had been established.

We were of course much pleased

to see this effect of the love of Christ on their hearts.

Of the journies

of these 2 messengers mention will be made afterw

ards,

YOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE

IV.—SCHOOLS.

At the end of June last there were 48 schools under proper Masteré,

44

k24

2

Catechists.

i

Total 92

29

There are now 44 schools under proper Masters,

42

1

»

Catechists.

o ey

Total 86

”

s

Decrease 6 Schools.

The decrease of Schools under regular masters has been caused by

a deficiency in the attendance of the boys, and by the inability of the

masters to conduct a Christian School.

The decrease of 2 schools

under Catechists is to be ascribed chiefly to the poverty of the parents

who are obliged to withdraw their children from the school, in order

to have their assistance in procuring their livelihood.

In the largest schools conducted by masters we have :

8 ushers to assist them, and

I

in the Catechist Schools.

29

Total 22 ushers; who receive from I Rupee to 23

Rupees remune-

ration per month.

Thenumber of Scholarsin June Tast was, . . ci. e v+ ve. 2692

There are now in the 44 regular schools,

1977

scholars,

and in the 42 Catechist schools,

536

»

§2513

Decrease.... 179

The daily average attendance is 1506

Of the above 96 schools, 15 schools under regular masters, and 12

under Catechists, in all 27 schools, have been since September under

the superintendence of Mr. Miiller at Suviseshapuram.

The schools are scattered in all directions of this province; and

considerable indeed is the quantity of divine knowledge which is

spread by their means among all classes of people.

We have reason

to say that the heathen generally are led to respect Christianity very

highly because of the excellent knowledge which is imparted by the

schools to their youth ; and did our funds allow it, we might establish

schools to any extent. Though the young people do not yet actually

embrace christianity, yet we are sure that the knowledge of its holy

precepts excrts a moral influence upon them, which makes them dis-

gusted with idolatry, and more regardful of true morality.

It is to be

remembered that nothing but the word of God and seripture catechisms

are taught in these schools, besides writing and arithmetic : and that

even the heathen masters are pretty well acquainted with the contents

of the books taught, before they are sent to teach them. Many of

the schoolmasters are not far from the kingdom of God. During the

last 6 months, 4 of them have been baptized ; 3 of whom are Sudras,

and 1 is a Shanan.

One of the former had a great temptation to over-

come ; for he knew that upon his return home after baptism, his wife

would desert him.

But the grace of God enabled him to overcome

his fears and to trust in the Lord. These men have no worldly motive

in thus openly professing Christianity ; for, fitness alone for its duties

serves to keep them in the office of schoolmasters.

Baptism does not

GERMAN EVANGELICAL

MISSION.

7

add to the recurity of their worldly calling. Their whole demeanour

shows that they desire to be saved by our Lord Jesus Christ.

The

heathen schoolmasters gradually - diminish : there are now 9 christian

masters, and 2 christian head schoolmasters.

It is with great concern that we have to report the death of one of

the head schoolmasters in November last by cholera.

Our regret is

He had

increased by the uncertain state of mind in which he died.

been employed for more than 12 years in the Mission schools ; he had

received a deep insight into the excellence of christianity ; he was

evidently influenced by its doctrines and precepts; he was diligent,

faithful and highly useful in the school department; but he could

not bring his mind to receive baptism and to leave off the mark of

heathenism on his forehead, on account of his caste relations.

In

November last he was at a town 30 miles from here, to examine a

school, when the dreadful disease attacked him ; and in a few hours

he was a corpse.

It was the more remarkable, as the cholera had not

yet come to that place.

How he died we have not been able to ascer-

tain, as no Christian was near him.

We trust it wiil be a wholesome

warning to all our schoolmasters, not to delay the full surrender of

their hearts to God.

It has evidently given them a shock. He was

highly esteemed by them.

As for the Girls’ Schools, we have now only two, viz.: the female

seminary under Mrs. Schaffter, and a day school at Nganapuram.

The girl school at Tinnevelly has been discontinued, because the

aged master, having his salary reduced on account of unfitness for

business, and an usher having been appointed to assist him, chose to

throw up work, to join the Church Mission, and then to draw the girls

of our school after him.

The female seminary consists of 32 girls ;

two having died of cholera in October last.

Their instructions are

the same as mentioned in our former report.

Ten girls attend the day

school at Nganapuram ; and 53 girls learn in the country schools;

total 95 girls, who are included in the total of scholars mentioned

above.

Lo AL S

V.—SEMINARY.

lars.

The Seminary consists of the usual number 25, besides iOday scho-

With the First Class, consisting of 6 boys, the lessons have been

nearly the same as before.

Hebrew, however, has been discontinued,

from a feeling that with their other subjects of learning ; which to

persons in their circumstances, are by no means easy, the boys have

enough to occupy their time. During the last 6 months, they have

acquired a little knowledge of the solar system, and have been regu-

B R sl b — S 1 Solieme i o a e

larly introduced to the use of the terrestrial globe. But, English

8

grammar, writing and reading have engaged about half their time.

Weekly examinations, inwriting, have been in frequent occurrence :

1

and it is pleasing to say that those of them who pay ordinary attention

S

are making visible progress.

They have also some idea of ancient

of

4

history in general, down to the 4th century ; aud know a little of the

separate history of Greece. They have learned a considerable part of

]

the native Tamul Grammar, called the Numool.

In algebra, they are

e

3

in simple equations, involving two or more unknown quantities.

They have also attended to arithmetical and geometrical progression.

2

Four days in the week, they reada few verses in the Greek testament ;

and pains are taken to make them well acquainted with the grammar

]

)t

the language ; besides the notice of theological and historical parti-

8

FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE

culars contained in different passages.

They read the gospel of

St. John

The Second Class have gone through the abridgment of Tamul

grammar ; and, in English, read and translate the New testament

daily. -In the English grammar (of the Jaffna Book Society) they

have just commenced the rules of Syntax ; and they have learned the

first 8 chapters in Pinnock’s catechism of geometry. In European

arithmetic they are in compound multiplication. In the Tamul geo-

graphy they have learned about the Continent of Asia.

The ZThird Class have gone through the abridgment of Tamul

grammar ; and the first number of thej J

affna ¢ First lessons in Eng-

lish.” In arithmetic they have not of course done much. They re-

gularly attend to English spelling.

The Fourth Class are for the most part employed in Tamul; but

they learn English spelling and reading.

Though in some of the boys we could wish to see more diligence,

and in others, areadier intellect, yet their moral conduct has on the

whole been satisfactory.

Sarkunnen Winfried continues to be a faithful and intelligent teacher

of the mathematics and the Tamul lessons.

Scriptural knowledge is proposed to the Seminarists as the chief

object of their pursuit ; and it is pleasing to see them increase therein

from year to year.

True piety is taking deeper root in several of the

elder boys ; and we have the best hopes of seeing many of them soon

become useful labourers in the kingdom of God. The cholera tried

them. In September, the daughter of one of our servants, and 2 girls

of the female seminary were attacked and died. The other girls were

sent home, till the cholera should subside.

The question then was,

whether the boys also should go to their homes for aseason : when

they were asked about it, they cheerfully said, ¢ that they wished not

to go home—they were not afraid—the Lord can help them every

where”’—excepting 3 of the smaller boys that wished to go home with

their parents, who were just then here.

Two of them, however, re-

turned, when they found the cholera visited their villages.

In No-

vember, one of the Seminarists, the son of Catechist Thomas, was

attacked, but recovered by the Lord’s blessing on the means used.

While suffering, his mind appeared resigned to the Saviour's will, and

desirous to go to the heavenly kingdom.

VI.—PREPARANDI CLASS.

In this highly necessary and useful institution there are now 12 men,

who give us the hope of ultimately labouring with diligence and spirit

among their countrymen.

Two of them were assistant catechists ;

but have been taken again into this class for further improvement.

In the course of this half year, they have learned and heard minutely

expounded, the Epistle to the Galatians and the first to the Corinthians.

They have gone through the doetrinal catechism, and have been ex-

ercised in writing discourses on texts of seripture, and in scripture

history and chronology.

Usually some of them by turns accompany

us on our journies in the country, both to witness our method of pro-

ceeding, and to do good among the heathen. Eight of them were

with us at the great idol feast at Shankeruarkovil, wherein among a

large mass of people, they were most diligently employed in exhorting,

reading, and distributing tracts from morning to night.

It is pleasing

to see them of their own accord remind us of such idel feasts, and

GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISS10N.

)

ready to ecarry the word of truth among the deluded multitude that

assemble on such occasions. Every Saturday they goout into the

neighbouring villages, speaking to the people and distributing

tracts among them,

when they often meet with an encouraging

reception.

In the course of this half year, 2 Preparandi, of those

who were in the class at the beginning of the year, have gone out as

Catechists or assisiants.

VII.—SPREAD OF THE GOSPEL AMONG THE HEATHEN, &ec

We may safely say that there is not a day in which a considerable

number of heathen ‘do not become acquainted with the gospel; and

that number will not appear small, when it is considered that more

than 100 Catechists, 48 Schools, and several hundreds of zealous mem-

bers of congregations, come continually in contact with the Heathen,

Mahommedans, &c. at the daily prayer and instruction-meetings also,

here and in all the Catechist stations, some heathen usually attend ;

the Preparandi go every Saturday among them with the good message

and with tracts ; when we ourselves are at home we frequently, during

the week, visit the neighbouring villages and the town of Tinnevelly.

The latter has a regular visit twice a week : when we travel among

the congregations, we have much conversation with many heathen of

We have already

all descriptions, who also take tracts with them.

mentioned our journies to the idol-feasts at Tritchendoor, Pavanasum,

Chittoor, and Shankeruar kovil, with a number of our Preparandi.

At

the latter place, about 40,000 people might be together ; many of

whom had not yet heard any thing of Christianity ; and seemed agree-

ably surprized at the truths they heard. On that occasion there were

distributed between 4 and 5,000 tracts, which the people took to their

homes in all directions.

Next we must mention the two itinerating Preparandi, who, as stated

in our 3d Report, began in May last to go to heathen villages only, to

preach and distribute tracts.

In 5 months from May to September,

they visited 99 villages, and gave away 1,308 Tamil tracts. In Octo-

ber, sickness and the rains hindered them from going out again, and in

November we were obliged to send one of them as Catechist to a con-

gregation, whose Catechist had died of cholera.

The Pilgrim Society has already been noticed under the head of Ca-

techists, Here we may further state, that their two messengers have

visited in 5 months, 90 Heathen and 17 Christian villages, and have

distributed 1,047 tracts.

Lastly, after the cholera had commenced its awful ravages in these

parts, and the Heathen had recourse to their sacrifices to devils, &c.

we thought it necessary to do something also for the great and rich

among the native heathen, who, notwithstanding their superior know-

ledge, greatly aid the common people in their impious and useless ce-

remonies. Accordingly, to show them our concern for their eternal

welfare, and to excite them to seek their own souls’ salvation and that

of their fellow subjects, letters have been addressed to most of the rich

and influential natives in this province, kindly requesting them, seri-

)

ously to consider the subject.

About 200 such letters have been dis-

paiched, a few of the Mahommedans have expressed themselves pleas-

ed with it. Ten Hindoo gentlemen signed a common reply in defence

)

of their practices, saying, * That if the cholera is really a judgment of

¢ God upon men for their wickedness, the wicked only should die of it;

¢ but now, not only the wicked, but also pious and wise men are taken

|

10

FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE

“ away by the cholera; and that therefore they consider it not to be a

As for the

divine judgment, but merely a calamity of the sinner.”

people sacrificing to devils, they maintain ¢ that every man may wor-

¢“ ship the deity in any way he thinks proper, and that the deity will

¢ be pleased with it, and grant his desires.”

An explanation has been

sent to them, which it is hoped, may, by the blessing of Gop, excite in

them more serious consideration on these momentous subjects.

It is

astonishing and painful to see such respectable men content themselves

Another

in their own most important concerns, with mere shadows.

has just sent a letter in reply, pleading ¢ that their idol-feasts are of

¢ great use to the people, in as much as they excite the latter to do

“ much charity and to rejoice together; and that their idolatry must

“ be looked upon as pleasant play-things which Gobp is pleased with, in

“ the same manner as parents are pleased, when they see their chil-

“ dren take their dolls and other play-things to amuse themselves.”

He thinks also that, “to discourage them from the practice of idolatry,

¢ &c. would be to discourage them from worshiping God through these

¢ idols, and from doing a vast deal of charity.”

Truly ¢ darkmness co-

vers the earth and gross darkness the people.”

May the Divine Spirit

enlighten them ; and may all the means employed to that end, be

abundantly useful !

VIII.—-FINANCES.

The annnexed statement of accounts shows that the

R.

A,

P.

Income during 1837, including the balance of last

Ve NasSDEET oo vuvoisinmnlssiveans chmade iy

es v

... 31,259 13 &

Bhie exDendibires cou v iliesnii asabinsstiani sis oimsviin s 2n0y s il 40

et

And that the Balance is........Rupees 5,287 11 7

Of this balance, however, 1,428 Rupees 10 Annas and 4 Pice have al-

readybeen paid upon the house and ground of our Mission premises here

in Sindupoonturel ; so that there remains but little to go on with in the

But the Lord, who is rich over all, knows our wants, and

new year.

will, we trust, provide for them, as he has graciously done hitherto.

In urging upon the Church of Christ to make the necessary efforts for

the maintenance of His work in our hands, we would only say * The

Lord has need of it.”

Our most humble but fervent praises ascend to our gracious God and

Saviour for the support He has been pleased to grant to this Mission

during another year, according to His promises.

Our friends will re-

joice with us therein, and unite their praises with ours, being assured

at the same time that we feel grateful to them for all the assistance

they have rendered to us for His sake and in His name.

In Him the

donors and the spenders are closely united together, and we trust the

love of Christ will constrain both to go on ¢ serving the Lord,” seeing

¢ that their labour is not in vain in the Lord.”

We have again given no specific list of the donors and subscribers to

this Mission, for reasons stated in our 2d report.

Should, however,

any of our friends desire to be furnished with such a list, we request to

be informed of it; and we shall gladly furnish him with one : and, as

we know not what remarks might be made on any items of the expen-

diture, we shall be much obliged to Zim for applying to us for the ex-

planation of any item.

Only on the expense for purchasing lands to form Christian villages,

we would at once remark, thatit must not be imagined that these vil-

GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION,

11

lages are large estates, or involve large expense; with few exceptions

they are all but small pieces of land, purchased for a few rupees, giv-

ing room for the erection of the people’s dwelling houses.

That our

friends may form a right estimate of them, we subjoin a list of the

Christian villages, formed mostly during these 2 years.

Costs.

Has now

R

A. p. Families.

1 Aanandapuram. ......

30 00 25

2 Sundevilel...... .. ..

°

20 00 22 The owner has given most

of the 20 rups. as a charity.

3 Magirtchipuram... ..

40 7 0

17

14 00 11

4 Perinbapuram.. ... ..

5 Porumeipuram..

.

a: 4 0

6

6 Nganapuram

S22 0 12

7 Dpbarmanagaram... ..

17 13 4 39

... 10I 80 143

8 Anbinnagaram...

9 Sagayapuram

200000000

¥ 00 12

10 Nganasundirapuram ..

20 40

30

11 Pugartchipuram

®0 0000

11

00

9

12 Suviseshapuram

ift

9

13 Kumarenvilie

160 4 0

37

[tled.

14 Panneivilei

teocc0 00 esses

90 00

26

The purchase is not yet set-

15 Naduvakuritchy

17 10 0

3

16 Sattyanagaram

R R

105 00

63

10 00

10

¥7 Pudopattl. jo...,...

Besides these villages, the following pieces of land have been pur-

chased for other purposes, viz

R. A. P.

In the Town of Tinnevelly, a ground for a Chapel, costs.... 1

i

In do. Erel, a ground and house for a Chape

Near Palamcottah, a burial ground

40000600000 s00000080600e00s

At Sedukuvaitan, ground for a Missionary Residence, or a

Christian village.......... .

----------

e o e

4540

The income from the villages consists of one or two kalli fanams

from each householder per annum to the Mission, andis devoted to

the repair of the Chapel, lighting it for evening prayer, &c. &c.

In a

few of them only there are some Palmeira trees: the trifling income

from their cultivation goes to the same purposes, so is also the income

from any piece of land that may be cultivated.

In the first year of this settlement, the inhabitants pay nothing in

consideration of the expense in building their houses, &c. There is,

therefore, butlittle income yet from these villages. Nextyear allthese

matters will be regulated. We hope also that the native Peace So-

eiety, which will presently be mentioned, will soon be able to take this

branch of our operations into its hands.

IX.—MISCELLANIES.

1.—It has already been observed, that in September last, Mr. and

Mrs. Muller removed to our new establishment at Suviseshapuram.

‘We have not yet been enabled to erect the other intended bungalow at

the same place—an object we greatly desire, as we think it every way

needful that two Missionaries should reside together in one place.

This, as well as the necessity of effecting the purchase of the Mission

premises in Sindupoonthurei, we would recommend to the earliest at-

tention of our friends.

Some extraordinary efforts must be made to

accomplish these highly needful objects,

2

FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE

2.—We are greatly obliged to the Madras and Jaffoa Auxiliary Bible

and Tract Societies, also to the Nagercoil and Neyoor Tract Societies,

for the large supply of Tamil seriptures and tracts, with which they

have respectively supplied this Mission in the course of the year. The

contributions which our Native Religious Book Society has been able

to make to these highly valuable Societies have been but small; but

Besides the tracts received

we trust they have been acceptable.

from these sources, we have got printed 4,000 copies of our doctrinal

Catechism, and 3,000 copies of a sheet tract, entitled * The voice of

the true Vedam,” calling upon the Heathen to turn to the living God

by faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.

The former is particularly design-

ed for our schools, and the latter for distribution at the various idol

feasts.

We have got printed also 500 copies of Mr. Muller’s ¢ Lives

Want of

of the Apostles,” designed particularly for our Catechists.

printing paper delayed for a time the progress of ¢ The Body of Divini-

ty in Tamil ; of which only 6 Numbers have appeared; the 7th Number

has lately been putinto the Press, and we hoype the work will now pro-

ceed. Our best thanks are herewith tendered to those friends who

have especially assisted us in these publications, so that we have been

at little cost with them ourselves.

The translation of the Old Testa-

ment in Tamil has made some advance.

The Pentateuch, the books of

Joshua and Judges; the Psalms, the Proverbs, the Prophets Isaiah,

Daniel, Haggai, and Zechariah are finished, excepting a part of

the last chapter of Zechariah,

3.—The Native Religious Book Society, established here in January

last, has had anincome of 230 Rs. 7 A. 2 P. duringthis year; of which

87 Rs. 11 A. 6 P. have been contributed by the Catechists and Cona

gregations.

17

11

]1 l“.."‘..'.......'.‘by the Schoolchildren‘

27

3

0. 00 ivdediieisnswnvanibydaleof beolksy and

the rest by the Schoolmasters, ourselves, &c.

Of this sum, 30 Rups.

have been sent to the Madras Bible Society, and 30 Rups. to the Ma-

dras Tract Society.

The rest will be disposed of at the anniversary of

the Society, to be held as soon as pessible.

4.—The Samadana Sunguon, or Peace Association, for promoting

Peace by raising Christian villages, &e. likewise established in Janu-

ary last; has had this year an income of 182 Rups. 5 A. 8 P. raised

chiefly by the Catechists, Congregations and Schoolmasters, and by

small monthly contributions from ourselves.

The expense has been..........163

[s

Rups. 4 A. 6 P,

Balance in hand....

s o 80 o

e0 0 os

The Association has not yet been able to do any thing towards the

proper object for which it has been established ; its expenditure com-

prises chiefly the expenses accompanying the complaints made against

our people, and the discharge of small debts, which had been contract-

ed in the former year on the same account. They have still to pay

more than 100 Rupees.

5.—The Poor Fuynd. There have been regular collections for the

poor in all the 9 districts into which the Mission is divided. The head

Catechist of each has the charge of them ; he has every month a

meeting with the Catechists and headmen of his district, when contri-

butions are received and distribution is made among the needy and

distressed. The income in all the districts including Palamcottah,

during the year has been..............224 Rups. 8 A. 2 P.

e eRDENER L L e 21D

10

6

Badonce i handl, .4 il i bk

13

8

GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION,

Here in Palameottah, or rather Sindupoonturei, from 80 to 100 poor

people of all descriptions receive every Friday either some money or

rice ; on which occasion they are also instructed in the truths of Chris-

tianity.

But little impression has as yet been made on their minds.

6.—Since September last, the cholera we are sorry to say, has made

dreadful havoc in this province.

Many hundreds, if not thousands,

have tasted the bitterness of death and have suddenly been called be-

There are

fore the divine tribunal to give an account of their deeds.

but few places which have been exempt from its attacks ; in many,

its ravages have been and still are awful, particularly in the south. = A

respectable Mahomedan family alone, in Tinnevelly, lost 10 of its

members in the course of four or five weeks, of whom 3 only died of

other sicknesses. In a village northward consisting of about 90 houses,

60 persons were attacked, of whom 46 died. Several Roman Catholic

villages have suffered most severely.

We have often assembled toge-

ther, acknowledged the judgment of Jehovah, and heartily prayed for

mercy upon the people, particularly that by the teaching of His Holy

Spirit, the survivors may be brought to seek the Lord, and cast away

their idols to the moles and to the bats ; and to leave offall their works

We have recommended all our congregations to

of unrighteousness.

do the same in their prayer meetings.

As for physical means, we have

prepared and largely used Major Wallace’s cholera mixture.

We are

happy to say that it has proved in many cases successful. In our own

immediate neighbourhood we had applications for medicine in 63 cases,

of which 18 were fatal, and 45 recovered by means of the mixture, ex-

In another place

cepting two, in which other means were employed.

eight persons were attacked, of whom two died before the medicine

reached it, and six recovered by its means.

The same was the case at

A

where 40 persons were attacked, of whom 38 recovered.

From

Suviseshapuram, at least 50 quart bottles of this mixture have been sent

to villages in all directions, and many lives have been saved.

We hLave

reason therefore to bless God for this medicine.

Though it has not

been successful in all cases, yet in most it undoubtedly has been so,

We are thankful to say that our congregations have hitherto been

mercifully spared ; comparatively but few adults have died ; here and

there their children have been taken away. We heartily pray that

both the goodness and the severity of God may make a lasting impres-

sion on their hearts, to the end that they may make a greater progress

in holiness and heavenly mindedness. And oh! that the Heathen also

would hear this terrible voice of the Most High!

The vanity, the

nselessness of their idols is certainly demonstrated to them in the

clearest manner.

We humbly trust, that the Church of Christ will

have a rich harvest from this terrible judgment of God accompanying

the proclamation of the Gospel, not only here but throughout the world.

For, “in that day the loftiness of man shall be bowed down, and the

“ haughtiness of men shall be made low ; and the Lord alone shall be

exalted in that day : a man shall cast his idols of silver and his idols

“ of gold to the moles and to the bats, for fear of the Lord and for the

“ glory of his Majesty, when He riseth to shake terribly the earth.”

We have now given our friends a briefaccount of the state of this

Mission, as it is at the end of this year.

There is reason to say that

their and our united labours have not been in vain. Much of the igno-

rance, superstition and vice which covers this land, has been diminish-

ed ; many souls have been brought into the way of salvation: the Sa-

viour’s grace is enjoyed : the wilderness rejoices: God’s holy Name

is glorified.

Much, much still remains to

Butall this is only in part.

be done. May the Lord help us to go on!

14

FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE

May the year 1838, be marked with much more spiritual frnit from

the labours of all the servants of Christ here in India and throughout

the world ! Let both “ those who go forth to the battle, and those who

abide with the stufl” be more diligent and fervent than ever in fulfilling

their respective duties to their Redeemer ; the one in labouring, the

other in supporting, and both in praying! It is yet day; ¢ the night

cometh in which no man can work.”

SINDUPOONTUREI,

C. T. Ruenius,

iN TINNEVELLY,

P. ScHAFPFTER,

December 26, 1837.

%

J.J. MULLER,

J. M. LecHLER, now at

Pondicherry.

AN ABSTRACT of the Congregations in connexton with the German

Evangelical Mission in Tinnevelly, at the end of December 1837

Candidates for

Baptized.

Baptism.

% |No. of Districts

of Cate

chists

=]

s

i ;£

No. of Villa-

§

N

No. of families

E

Children

Women

,Chlldren

l Total of Souls

12

18

District I

170

145

110! 183

70

69

&

660

16

_—“"’*—‘IIo

.

102

27

31

30

88

93

104

o

11

g

20

19

144

170

10

24

lv . ..

177

128

35

34

42

§

666

24

38

—V ....

89

97

123

420

479

65

52

67

375

363

§

1487

18

26

—VI....

540

81

a3

467

465

709

1838

12

23

———VII ...

198

7

34

43

166

145

296

741

16

41

Yt .

241

80

65

81

174| 183

219

802

13

gt B A

122

27

16

-19

106] 99

124

391

{

116

210|{Total at the end

|

of Dec. 1837..

2157| 552

425

537

1679 1684

2501 |7378

107

214|Total at the end

of June last..| 2129 516

413

512

|

16241640 2557 {7262

i

9

«.../Increase in Six

|

months

28

25

.

e

36

12

55

44

116

4| Decrease

"o o

............

»ese

|

CRC I

e oo

Norel.—The decrease in the number of villages has been occasioned

by the omission of those, in which there were but 1 or 2 families

who have either left those places or ceased to learn the word of

God. This does not affect the increase of Catechists.

Note2.—The decrease in the unbaptized children, has been caused by

a number of them having come to age, and on that account, been

put under the heads of men or women: and by others having

1€

®

SUMMARY ACCOUNT OF IN'COME AND EXPENSES IN THE GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION IN TINNEVELLY,

FOR THE YEAR 1837.

\

|

INcOME.

Rs.

A.

EXPENDITURE.

Rs. |

R

°

11707

5)

:Fm' the support of the Miss

TONATICS: .. oo als e e de avibiosnesnesreninsioe

8413

Balance from last year’s accountseeeeserioasscess

—

From the Madras Presidencyeeeceesesesccaacsses

8676

|65}

Allowance to principal Native Assistants, Writers, Chapel servants, &c.

6644

Bengal

do.

“Moeavosoescssssssec e

1571

Do.

to Catechists, including their Batta:.ceeees cocosacecionss

do.

°e

ese0ecsnoessrsece o

120(

Do.

fo Schoolmasters oo e o, v R e v e

3439

Bombay

526

Malacca and Penang.ececeseesecscnaces

444

Do.

toPrepamanditasss 5l cn L e Ga sl s

978

Baeland it o .. daveseauvan

(=]

4330

For the Seminary, including Teachers, &Coeeeeeeyencesaceosonssans

S cotlandl . oo e

CRIRY

1167

Fortwo Bamil Moonshees:t. o . cii.oiveas

06 "000ae0 9000000000000 s

325

IRptssia and Germany...cessse: cavosesss

2140

House rent, repair of Mission hOUSES.eeeseaesacssecsissosssosccases

345

24

4\4@@(30?0(?‘@(.\10’3

OO FHISO D

Native Congregations.eeeeeececasecssss

22

g

OO ODWO

For building a Mission house, &c. at Suviseshapuram....ceeeoacnnen.

Missionaries’

journies in the country, including Mr. Jos. Rhenius’

H

presented by a

journey from Madras to Palamcottah, and Mr. Lechler’s journey

Note.—The Diamond Earrings

760

14

Lady, as noticed in our last report, were

foPondicherty it oo il oo i i e e i s

sec0cossc e

925

sold for 315 Rupee

S.

Postage, Coolies, Cart hire, &C,cececes aesssncanansecres

108

Chapel furnitiure, &Coeeeeee. coovvreiioonanscatssssosssssessssansns

School?Boaks (luaels &c. i iv ol oo i i s sl

.

186

1(

SEAIONELY s sic s s conionssinioliysnnssnnsioinssnosrinsonsesiossonss

169

Assistance to persons in distress, Medicines, &C.eesesscosasess

PRy

J

Printing charges and paper for 2d and 3d Reportsiseeeeas.iines

PR

313

For erecting and repairing Prayer houses, Chapels.eceeveaiise

Do.

Do.

Catechists? houseS:oosiacce - 'ss

%

119,

seoe

.

428

14

Purchasing lands for Christian Villages, Chapels.ac..ceva . .0

2

11

Assistance to the people to build houses in Christian Villages, &c. ....

alamcottah. ...

24

For putting a wall round the burial ground near P

GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION.

D AR i SR S R SO A S B e

.

388

14

25972

Balance in favor of the Mission..

.

5287

11

13

.

5

Rupees.ess

31255

l Y]

Rupees..

31259

L7 e

3

. T. E. RHENIUS,

BINDAPOONTUREI IN TINNEVELLY,

E. E

P. SCHAFFTER,

December 26, 1837.

§

J. J. MULLER,

J. M. LECHLER, now ot Pondicherry.

15

16

FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE &¢C.

SummarY AccoUNT of the GirLs' Scroor Funp, under the

charge of

Mgs. ScHAFFTER, for 1837.

INncoME.

Rs

AP

EXPENDITURE.

Rs.|A.|P-

Balance from last year’s ac-

| For boarding.cee.cocaness

30510

i

count.eees

® acsscee

..11513}13

1

! For clothin

sesecare o

ssoe

e

7

8

Receipts in 1837....... o5

134} 0} O || For schoolmaster and ser-

7

vants..

s

sae

258

By sale of Girl’s work..

scon e

19

12] 0

6

4

. For buildings......

31

2110

Por books: s i viobs it .

95

4 4

ST e e S U

e | e

|

769

11

3

IBaIancg in favor of the

et

CNOOleseosssne

sos

885

3110

Rupees.. 1654 lg! ]_

Rupees. . |1654/15] 1

E

C. T. E. RHENIUS,

P. SCHAFFTER,

J. J. MULLER,

J. M. LECHLER, now at Pondicherry.

SINDAPOONTUREI IN TINNEVELLY,

December 26, 1837.

§

N

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