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 Fourth half-yearly report of the German Evangelical mission in Tinnevelly, to the end of December 1837, 4 Rhenius, Charles Theophilus EwaldandSchaffter, Paul PacifiqueandMuller, J. J.andLechler, Johannes Michael - s aziaia s = g =) S, ee 4 —_— 2 A -~ . 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Crrst BuchbirgeressPap, iert 72 o u ‘nger @ i, 2 o8 D @u@“@@@@”@@@@ufl S FOURTH O HALF-YEARLY REPORT . Q) & OF THERE GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION, IN TINNEVELLY TO THE END OF DECEMBER €37 % CRCLECOCL u@@@%@WW&@ ® 3 fuanras 3. B. PHAROAH—-MOUNT ROAD ® &R —— ) MDCCCXXXVIX © ® @) CEEL, & L ¢ €10 an ne ha e fat gle ha an dey the an PRINTED AT THE ATHENEUM PRESS—BY R. HOSIE. e, Dy the Bu €13 Tt of th n 111 an 80 the my beg he £a) 0ng all hol f0g bl; ho) 80 to fie) Ty g i) blg ! 4 FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE @erman Evangelical JWission IN TINNEVELLY, TO THE END OF DECEMBER, I837, It is by the undeserved goodness of the Lord our God, that we are enabled to behold the close of another year in a good degree of health and strength, whilst, in the course of it, thousands of our fellow sin- ners have been taken outof the land of the living. And, not only have we been permitted to pass this year safely, but we have also been favoured, in the midst of many infirmities, imperfections, temp- tations and failings, with the needful grace to do something for the glory of his name ; which, millions of our fellow-creatures have not had the privilege of doing. Oh ! that we were more truly thankfual ! and that both his goodness and severity might stir us up to greater devotedness to Him, and to warmer zeal in his wonderful work among the children of men! What work is there on earth more necessary and more honorable, than that of leading benighted and infatuated men to the light and truth of the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ ? to bring them into fellowship with the Father of Lights ; and to teach them the way to hearty obedience to his holy and just commands ? But, “ who is sufficient for these things ?”” "Were not the work of evangelization accompanied by so many precious promises of the di- vine blessing, we should despair of effecting any thing ; for the heart of man is too much hardened; too much lost to a sense of divine things, readily to yield even to the most eloquent persuasions of mere men : and therefore, not by human might or power “ but b rit, said the Lord.” y my Spi- Is it then from the want of a real feel ing and of an unreserved acknowledgment of this truth, that we see co mparatively so little fruit of Missionary labour ? or, is it a want of di scernment of the Divine Spirit’s working in his various grades, so to speak, which makes us blind to his blessing and perhaps guilty o bestowing none at all ? For here, f accusing Him of as in the soil beneath our feet, there is “ first the blade, then the ea r, after that the full corn in the ear.”’ Or, do we perhaps look at once for the fu 11 corn, when we ought first, to mark the shooting forth of the blad e? and yet, where all the soil is stony and barren, it must surely fill u s with joy to be- hold even a single blade spring up. Or, do we per haps fix our eyes too much on the stony and barren ground, so as not to observe the blades which here and there are actually springing up ; and thus with.- hold from our hear ts the joy which we need for our enco uragement to go forward, and from the Lord of the harvest the praise which is que to him ? It is our desire to avoid these errors with re gard to the Tinnevelly field. If we cannot exhibit to our Christia much full grown corn, we are glad to be abl n friends and supporters e to show them at least many blades and ears, which have sprung up in it; and trust they will rejoice with us even in the day of small thing S, praise the Loxrd for hig blessing, and entreat him to bestow more, FOURTH H%LF~YEARLY‘ REPORT OF THE In giving our statement of this Mission, as it is at the close of this year, we shall follow the usual arrangements. I.—MISSIONARIES. Our number continues the same as noted in our 3d Report at the end of June last; excepting our families, in which we have had in the course of this year to mourn over theloss of abeloved child of Mr. Rhenius ; and to rejoice at the birth of a daughter in his family ; of another daughter in Mr. Muller’s, and of a son in Mr. Schaffter’s. Our four Mission families therefore consist of 3 sons and 6 daughters. We aresorry to state that Mr. Lechler’s health has been indifferent, which has obliged him at last to leave Tinnevelly forMadras or any other place on the coast in quest of health, May the Lord be gracious to him, bless the means which may be used, and restore him soon to his work ! Mr. and Mrs. Muller proceeded in September last to our new establish- ment at Suviseshapuram, about 35 miles south from hence ; where they have taken 3 districts under their charge. Besides our usual journies among the congregations and the sur- rounding heathen, we have attended also several of the great idol feasts in the province ; on which occasions many hundreds if not thousands of idolaters, have heard the Gospel andreceived religious tracts, which they have taken with them to their homes in all directions for their farther instruction. II.—CONGREGATIONS. According to the summary annexed to this report, the total of people in our connexion at present is..........2157 families, or 7378 souls. The total at the end of June last was..2129 ” or 7262 " Increase in the last half 'year...... -.. 28 families, or 11' 6 souls. The increase in the former half year was 58 ” or 7 k2] 86 families or Total increase’in the whole year...... 373 souls. These 2157 families are in 210 villages. 3 From several heathen villages applications have been made for Christian teachers ; but the people proved at last not to be in earnest or something came in their way, so that they have postponed the great change till a more convenient season. In some of the places where the congregations were divided, we have been enabled to remove our people and settle them on separate lands, in order to make an end of all unpleasant collision. We are sorry to say that eventhis healing measure has been oppesed, and the people who removed their own houses have been subjected to no small trou- ble. However, the Lord has graciously helped them through. We are thankful to say that with the exception of these troubles, the people have not had much to suffer ; excepting a congregation in the west, where a backsliden headman endeavours to introduce again the worship of devils in the village, and to engage influential heathen to help him therein; threatening to abolish Christianity not only in that place, but also in the neighbouring villages. A congregation in ano- ther place has not yet been able to obtain from the Maniyatchi Zemin- dar, a small piece ofland for the erection of a prayer-house. - Many re- quests have been made on the part of the people, and many promises given on the part of the Zemindar and his agents for more than a year, but in vain. It is evidently designed not to let Christianity get a foot- ing there, which it is thought will be the case, if a prayer house be builte. The people, however, appear to have a better foundation than a GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION, 3 house made with hands ; they go on to learn the word of God in t};leir houses, small and uncomfortable as they are, patiently waiting till the Lord may be pleased to incline the hearts of their earthly masters to give them a piece of land. In a village to the north, where a few families commenced some months ago to learn the word of God, a nother Zemindar was very much displeased with them for it, and would not allow them to plough and ated him to have pity on them, to sow his lands as formerly ; they entre t make them assuring him expressly, that the C hristian religion does no worse but better men : he at last consented , under condition that they This they were not able to should pay him 14 rupees for the favour. He then lowered the fee do ; they therefore repeated their entreaties. to 7 rupees; this they paid , and then got leave to till his land. Itis visited this place only, remarkable, that in November last the cholera in that quarter of the cou ntry : among 90 families, 60 persons were at- tacked ; of whom only 14 recovered, and 46 died ; of whom were 3 children of the congregation. This has given a shock to all : some say it is on account of Christianity that this has happened ; others main- tain that it has been so because all the heathen there have not embrac- ed the Vedam. Indeed, many of them had at first been willing to for- sake heathenism, but drew back when they saw persecution coming. We regret to say that only 2 families (of 7) have borne the trial well 3 the rest seem inclined to retrace their steps. But the proper effect is yet to come. Including the last mentioned village, there are 24 heathen places, in which the gospel has been newly planted in the course of this year. Itis true thatin 12 of them there is at present but one family in each ; still, a beginning is made, and we may hope for increase. In the rest,, the number of families is larger ; three of them have two families each; two others four families each; one has five families ; three of them have seven families each; one has twelve families ; another twens- ty-two families ; and a third, twenty-four families. AtV the principal persons had often before expressed to our Ca- techists a wish to become Christians; but they as often drew back again. A few months ago they told the Catechists that they were now in ear- nest. He would not believe them until they put away their idols, % This” said they “ we shall do immediately ;”’ and then pulled down their stone idols and gave them to him. Besides their idols, there was a large umbrella-tree on their ground, which was imagined to be the chief residence of the Devil Sami, and inspired more dread and venera- tion than the idols themselves. The Catechist pointing to the tree said “ But what will you do with this tree ?”’ This also we shall cut down before your eyes—it is of no use—we fear it no more :”” and so they got an axe and felled it to the ground to the great astonishment of the hea- then present, who expected that the hands and ears of the destroyers would be seriously injured for it : but, no such thing happening, they were convinced that the idols are indeed vanities. There have been 97 baptisms during the last 6 months, viz., 29 men, 23 women, and 43 children. The baptisms in the whole year, there- .; fore, have been 177. All the adults who have been baptized gave us much reason to believe that their hearts are turned to the living God, and that they have faith in our Lord Jesus Christ. The Lord’s Supper has been administered not only at Palamecottah, but also at several places in the .country, to the great comfort of the people. FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE The general state of the congregations continues as before ; we trust It is e« there is an improvement in their knowledge and character. markable that whilst they will endure any bodily hardship for the gos- pel’s sake, it is extremely hard for them to do any thing for it in a pe- cuniary way. It must,however, be admitted that most of them have nothing to spare of this world’s goods ; though there are some who might do more. They provide, however, for the poor in their places, and have contributed also 22 Rs. 5 A. 6 P. towards the spread of the gospel, besides to other objects, as will be stated hereafter.* But an undue estimation of this world’s goods has been so deeply imprinted on the native character, that in the ordinary way of the Lord’s dealings, it will be long before it will be altogether corrected. Considering this state of their character, how very necessary is it, not to put them an example of worldly mindedness; not to persuade them in any wise that prosperity in temporals is a thing greatly to be desired ; not to allure them by promises of worldly advantages; not to boastof our connexion with the rich and great of this world ! Conduct of this kind cannot but increase in the Natives their natural stock of earthly-mindedness : it must defeat our own proper object, and make our complaints about their religious state unavailing. We have earnestly endeavoured by the grace of God to counteract this worldly spirit as much as we can’; and we have reason to say that the people in our charge learn more and more to look away from men and the world, to Him, who alone is able to help and save them from all evil. Their faith in our Lord Jesus Christ requires, in many instances, to be rightly directed. Many believe on him indeed as their Saviour—but, not so much from sin it- self, as from the consequences of it, viz. the misery of this life and of that which is to come. They, as we have often stated in former years, resemble the Israelites in the wilderness, or the Jews mentioned in the 6th chapter of 5t. John’s Gospel ; they have still to experience the plague of their own hearts. However, there are also more advanced believers among them, who feel not only the misery of this life, but also sin as its cause, and they take hold of Christ crucified, as their Saviour from it. In one of the low caste congregations we have been grieved to see much of a contentiousspirit,and its concomitant evils; but the leadersin it have beenseparated from the congregation, which now goes on quiet- 1y, In others, there have been individuals guilty of falsehood; but on the whole the love of truth, or rather the fear of telling a lie, is gaining ground every where. We have often heard from the mouth of the heathen, that there is a remarkable improvement of character in those who join the Christian Church; and this acknowledgment we often use as a strong argument with those heathens for the excellence of Christianity. The wealthy chetty (or merchant) in R-—— whom * From the particulars mentioned in the sequel, it will appear that the contributions have been the following For the Mission canse o e - idmd ) b e b 22 230 2 Religious Book Society - Peace Association - 182 9 Poor Funds 224 @O ~Iex P Total - - - 659 — Io — 6 Of this swm the Native Christians and Schoolmasters have given at leas 500 Rupees GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION, 5 we have mentioned in our former report as having purchased a copy of the evidences of Christianity in Tamil for 2 Rups. and who has lately purchased also a copy of the Harmony of the 4 Gospels for 3 rupees, continues to read the scriptures with much attention and benefit : he is fully persuaded that he must be a Christian ; labours much to over- come the difficulties which his caste-connexions present to his baptism; has reading of the word of God and prayer in his house ; is now strictly hounest in his mercantile affairs, to the great surprize of his relations and friends who conceive that it will be to the hurt of his purse ; and has already got the noble fame of an honest merchant among the hea- then. His father was for a long time very angry with him on account of all these strange proceedings ; but in November the Catechist re- ported that he has at length yielded, and permits the Bible to have a placein the almira of his room. We pray, and we entreat all the people of God to pray, that the powerful working of the Holy Spirit may be still more apparent among all sorts and conditions of men throughout this district. III.—CATECHISTS. We have now 116 Catechists ; therefore 9 more than at the endof June last ; of whom 6 occupy new stations; one was sent to a place where the Catechist had been discontinued for some time ; and two were sent to assist the Catechists in old stations on account of the increase of their congregations. That, notwithstanding the increase of Cate- chists, the total increase of the people during the last 6 months should be only 116 souls, as stated before, is caused by the decrease in other congregations, occasioned by change of residence, by returning to heathenism through oppression, or by being rejected for bad conduct. The spiritual exercises of theCatechists have been as usual. There is a variety of graces and talents among them, Temptations from within and without are abundant ; so that it is no wonder that on par- ticular oc¢casions their weakness should discover itself. One Catechist has been suspended for neglect of duty ; and a head Catechist has been dismissed this month for a similar reason and unfitness for the work. Catechist Asirvadam of Aneikerdiyiruppu died in November of cho- lera, giving evidence that his heart was fixed on Christ. He was a faithful labourer. In June last the Catechists heard a discourse on John xiv, 23, “ If a man love me, he will keep my words :”” when the question was solemnly put to them, ¢ what they had hitherto done expressly from love to Christ ¥’ A number of them came afterwards together and considered it seriously ; they at last resolved on sending out a christian brother among the heathen, to read tracts to them and exhort them to repentance and faith. Accordingly, 21 persons, all Catechists, excepting two who are christian woimen, formed themselves into a_* Pil grim Society” for making Christ known among the hea- then. They chose a pious and willing man for their messenger, who, accompanied by a volunteer, the aged father of a Catechist, has since July last gone to many heathen villages with the message of salvation. It The Pilgrim Society support them by their own contributions. was entirely the Catechists’ own act, and we he ard of it only some time after it had been established. We were of course much pleased to see this effect of the love of Christ on their hearts. Of the journies of these 2 messengers mention will be made afterw ards, YOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE IV.—SCHOOLS. At the end of June last there were 48 schools under proper Masteré, 44 k24 2 Catechists. i Total 92 29 There are now 44 schools under proper Masters, 42 1 » Catechists. o ey Total 86 ” s Decrease 6 Schools. The decrease of Schools under regular masters has been caused by a deficiency in the attendance of the boys, and by the inability of the masters to conduct a Christian School. The decrease of 2 schools under Catechists is to be ascribed chiefly to the poverty of the parents who are obliged to withdraw their children from the school, in order to have their assistance in procuring their livelihood. In the largest schools conducted by masters we have : 8 ushers to assist them, and I in the Catechist Schools. 29 Total 22 ushers; who receive from I Rupee to 23 Rupees remune- ration per month. Thenumber of Scholarsin June Tast was, . . ci. e v+ ve. 2692 There are now in the 44 regular schools, 1977 scholars, and in the 42 Catechist schools, 536 » §2513 Decrease.... 179 The daily average attendance is 1506 Of the above 96 schools, 15 schools under regular masters, and 12 under Catechists, in all 27 schools, have been since September under the superintendence of Mr. Miiller at Suviseshapuram. The schools are scattered in all directions of this province; and considerable indeed is the quantity of divine knowledge which is spread by their means among all classes of people. We have reason to say that the heathen generally are led to respect Christianity very highly because of the excellent knowledge which is imparted by the schools to their youth ; and did our funds allow it, we might establish schools to any extent. Though the young people do not yet actually embrace christianity, yet we are sure that the knowledge of its holy precepts excrts a moral influence upon them, which makes them dis- gusted with idolatry, and more regardful of true morality. It is to be remembered that nothing but the word of God and seripture catechisms are taught in these schools, besides writing and arithmetic : and that even the heathen masters are pretty well acquainted with the contents of the books taught, before they are sent to teach them. Many of the schoolmasters are not far from the kingdom of God. During the last 6 months, 4 of them have been baptized ; 3 of whom are Sudras, and 1 is a Shanan. One of the former had a great temptation to over- come ; for he knew that upon his return home after baptism, his wife would desert him. But the grace of God enabled him to overcome his fears and to trust in the Lord. These men have no worldly motive in thus openly professing Christianity ; for, fitness alone for its duties serves to keep them in the office of schoolmasters. Baptism does not GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION. 7 add to the recurity of their worldly calling. Their whole demeanour shows that they desire to be saved by our Lord Jesus Christ. The heathen schoolmasters gradually - diminish : there are now 9 christian masters, and 2 christian head schoolmasters. It is with great concern that we have to report the death of one of the head schoolmasters in November last by cholera. Our regret is He had increased by the uncertain state of mind in which he died. been employed for more than 12 years in the Mission schools ; he had received a deep insight into the excellence of christianity ; he was evidently influenced by its doctrines and precepts; he was diligent, faithful and highly useful in the school department; but he could not bring his mind to receive baptism and to leave off the mark of heathenism on his forehead, on account of his caste relations. In November last he was at a town 30 miles from here, to examine a school, when the dreadful disease attacked him ; and in a few hours he was a corpse. It was the more remarkable, as the cholera had not yet come to that place. How he died we have not been able to ascer- tain, as no Christian was near him. We trust it wiil be a wholesome warning to all our schoolmasters, not to delay the full surrender of their hearts to God. It has evidently given them a shock. He was highly esteemed by them. As for the Girls’ Schools, we have now only two, viz.: the female seminary under Mrs. Schaffter, and a day school at Nganapuram. The girl school at Tinnevelly has been discontinued, because the aged master, having his salary reduced on account of unfitness for business, and an usher having been appointed to assist him, chose to throw up work, to join the Church Mission, and then to draw the girls of our school after him. The female seminary consists of 32 girls ; two having died of cholera in October last. Their instructions are the same as mentioned in our former report. Ten girls attend the day school at Nganapuram ; and 53 girls learn in the country schools; total 95 girls, who are included in the total of scholars mentioned above. Lo AL S V.—SEMINARY. lars. The Seminary consists of the usual number 25, besides iOday scho- With the First Class, consisting of 6 boys, the lessons have been nearly the same as before. Hebrew, however, has been discontinued, from a feeling that with their other subjects of learning ; which to persons in their circumstances, are by no means easy, the boys have enough to occupy their time. During the last 6 months, they have acquired a little knowledge of the solar system, and have been regu- B R sl b — S 1 Solieme i o a e larly introduced to the use of the terrestrial globe. But, English 8 grammar, writing and reading have engaged about half their time. Weekly examinations, inwriting, have been in frequent occurrence : 1 and it is pleasing to say that those of them who pay ordinary attention S are making visible progress. They have also some idea of ancient of 4 history in general, down to the 4th century ; aud know a little of the separate history of Greece. They have learned a considerable part of ] the native Tamul Grammar, called the Numool. In algebra, they are e 3 in simple equations, involving two or more unknown quantities. They have also attended to arithmetical and geometrical progression. 2 Four days in the week, they reada few verses in the Greek testament ; and pains are taken to make them well acquainted with the grammar ] )t the language ; besides the notice of theological and historical parti- 8 FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE culars contained in different passages. They read the gospel of St. John The Second Class have gone through the abridgment of Tamul grammar ; and, in English, read and translate the New testament daily. -In the English grammar (of the Jaffna Book Society) they have just commenced the rules of Syntax ; and they have learned the first 8 chapters in Pinnock’s catechism of geometry. In European arithmetic they are in compound multiplication. In the Tamul geo- graphy they have learned about the Continent of Asia. The ZThird Class have gone through the abridgment of Tamul grammar ; and the first number of thej J affna ¢ First lessons in Eng- lish.” In arithmetic they have not of course done much. They re- gularly attend to English spelling. The Fourth Class are for the most part employed in Tamul; but they learn English spelling and reading. Though in some of the boys we could wish to see more diligence, and in others, areadier intellect, yet their moral conduct has on the whole been satisfactory. Sarkunnen Winfried continues to be a faithful and intelligent teacher of the mathematics and the Tamul lessons. Scriptural knowledge is proposed to the Seminarists as the chief object of their pursuit ; and it is pleasing to see them increase therein from year to year. True piety is taking deeper root in several of the elder boys ; and we have the best hopes of seeing many of them soon become useful labourers in the kingdom of God. The cholera tried them. In September, the daughter of one of our servants, and 2 girls of the female seminary were attacked and died. The other girls were sent home, till the cholera should subside. The question then was, whether the boys also should go to their homes for aseason : when they were asked about it, they cheerfully said, ¢ that they wished not to go home—they were not afraid—the Lord can help them every where”’—excepting 3 of the smaller boys that wished to go home with their parents, who were just then here. Two of them, however, re- turned, when they found the cholera visited their villages. In No- vember, one of the Seminarists, the son of Catechist Thomas, was attacked, but recovered by the Lord’s blessing on the means used. While suffering, his mind appeared resigned to the Saviour's will, and desirous to go to the heavenly kingdom. VI.—PREPARANDI CLASS. In this highly necessary and useful institution there are now 12 men, who give us the hope of ultimately labouring with diligence and spirit among their countrymen. Two of them were assistant catechists ; but have been taken again into this class for further improvement. In the course of this half year, they have learned and heard minutely expounded, the Epistle to the Galatians and the first to the Corinthians. They have gone through the doetrinal catechism, and have been ex- ercised in writing discourses on texts of seripture, and in scripture history and chronology. Usually some of them by turns accompany us on our journies in the country, both to witness our method of pro- ceeding, and to do good among the heathen. Eight of them were with us at the great idol feast at Shankeruarkovil, wherein among a large mass of people, they were most diligently employed in exhorting, reading, and distributing tracts from morning to night. It is pleasing to see them of their own accord remind us of such idel feasts, and GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISS10N. ) ready to ecarry the word of truth among the deluded multitude that assemble on such occasions. Every Saturday they goout into the neighbouring villages, speaking to the people and distributing tracts among them, when they often meet with an encouraging reception. In the course of this half year, 2 Preparandi, of those who were in the class at the beginning of the year, have gone out as Catechists or assisiants. VII.—SPREAD OF THE GOSPEL AMONG THE HEATHEN, &ec We may safely say that there is not a day in which a considerable number of heathen ‘do not become acquainted with the gospel; and that number will not appear small, when it is considered that more than 100 Catechists, 48 Schools, and several hundreds of zealous mem- bers of congregations, come continually in contact with the Heathen, Mahommedans, &c. at the daily prayer and instruction-meetings also, here and in all the Catechist stations, some heathen usually attend ; the Preparandi go every Saturday among them with the good message and with tracts ; when we ourselves are at home we frequently, during the week, visit the neighbouring villages and the town of Tinnevelly. The latter has a regular visit twice a week : when we travel among the congregations, we have much conversation with many heathen of We have already all descriptions, who also take tracts with them. mentioned our journies to the idol-feasts at Tritchendoor, Pavanasum, Chittoor, and Shankeruar kovil, with a number of our Preparandi. At the latter place, about 40,000 people might be together ; many of whom had not yet heard any thing of Christianity ; and seemed agree- ably surprized at the truths they heard. On that occasion there were distributed between 4 and 5,000 tracts, which the people took to their homes in all directions. Next we must mention the two itinerating Preparandi, who, as stated in our 3d Report, began in May last to go to heathen villages only, to preach and distribute tracts. In 5 months from May to September, they visited 99 villages, and gave away 1,308 Tamil tracts. In Octo- ber, sickness and the rains hindered them from going out again, and in November we were obliged to send one of them as Catechist to a con- gregation, whose Catechist had died of cholera. The Pilgrim Society has already been noticed under the head of Ca- techists, Here we may further state, that their two messengers have visited in 5 months, 90 Heathen and 17 Christian villages, and have distributed 1,047 tracts. Lastly, after the cholera had commenced its awful ravages in these parts, and the Heathen had recourse to their sacrifices to devils, &c. we thought it necessary to do something also for the great and rich among the native heathen, who, notwithstanding their superior know- ledge, greatly aid the common people in their impious and useless ce- remonies. Accordingly, to show them our concern for their eternal welfare, and to excite them to seek their own souls’ salvation and that of their fellow subjects, letters have been addressed to most of the rich and influential natives in this province, kindly requesting them, seri- ) ously to consider the subject. About 200 such letters have been dis- paiched, a few of the Mahommedans have expressed themselves pleas- ed with it. Ten Hindoo gentlemen signed a common reply in defence ) of their practices, saying, * That if the cholera is really a judgment of ¢ God upon men for their wickedness, the wicked only should die of it; ¢ but now, not only the wicked, but also pious and wise men are taken | 10 FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE “ away by the cholera; and that therefore they consider it not to be a As for the divine judgment, but merely a calamity of the sinner.” people sacrificing to devils, they maintain ¢ that every man may wor- ¢“ ship the deity in any way he thinks proper, and that the deity will ¢ be pleased with it, and grant his desires.” An explanation has been sent to them, which it is hoped, may, by the blessing of Gop, excite in them more serious consideration on these momentous subjects. It is astonishing and painful to see such respectable men content themselves Another in their own most important concerns, with mere shadows. has just sent a letter in reply, pleading ¢ that their idol-feasts are of ¢ great use to the people, in as much as they excite the latter to do “ much charity and to rejoice together; and that their idolatry must “ be looked upon as pleasant play-things which Gobp is pleased with, in “ the same manner as parents are pleased, when they see their chil- “ dren take their dolls and other play-things to amuse themselves.” He thinks also that, “to discourage them from the practice of idolatry, ¢ &c. would be to discourage them from worshiping God through these ¢ idols, and from doing a vast deal of charity.” Truly ¢ darkmness co- vers the earth and gross darkness the people.” May the Divine Spirit enlighten them ; and may all the means employed to that end, be abundantly useful ! VIII.—-FINANCES. The annnexed statement of accounts shows that the R. A, P. Income during 1837, including the balance of last Ve NasSDEET oo vuvoisinmnlssiveans chmade iy es v ... 31,259 13 & Bhie exDendibires cou v iliesnii asabinsstiani sis oimsviin s 2n0y s il 40 et And that the Balance is........Rupees 5,287 11 7 Of this balance, however, 1,428 Rupees 10 Annas and 4 Pice have al- readybeen paid upon the house and ground of our Mission premises here in Sindupoonturel ; so that there remains but little to go on with in the But the Lord, who is rich over all, knows our wants, and new year. will, we trust, provide for them, as he has graciously done hitherto. In urging upon the Church of Christ to make the necessary efforts for the maintenance of His work in our hands, we would only say * The Lord has need of it.” Our most humble but fervent praises ascend to our gracious God and Saviour for the support He has been pleased to grant to this Mission during another year, according to His promises. Our friends will re- joice with us therein, and unite their praises with ours, being assured at the same time that we feel grateful to them for all the assistance they have rendered to us for His sake and in His name. In Him the donors and the spenders are closely united together, and we trust the love of Christ will constrain both to go on ¢ serving the Lord,” seeing ¢ that their labour is not in vain in the Lord.” We have again given no specific list of the donors and subscribers to this Mission, for reasons stated in our 2d report. Should, however, any of our friends desire to be furnished with such a list, we request to be informed of it; and we shall gladly furnish him with one : and, as we know not what remarks might be made on any items of the expen- diture, we shall be much obliged to Zim for applying to us for the ex- planation of any item. Only on the expense for purchasing lands to form Christian villages, we would at once remark, thatit must not be imagined that these vil- GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION, 11 lages are large estates, or involve large expense; with few exceptions they are all but small pieces of land, purchased for a few rupees, giv- ing room for the erection of the people’s dwelling houses. That our friends may form a right estimate of them, we subjoin a list of the Christian villages, formed mostly during these 2 years. Costs. Has now R A. p. Families. 1 Aanandapuram. ...... 30 00 25 2 Sundevilel...... .. .. ° 20 00 22 The owner has given most of the 20 rups. as a charity. 3 Magirtchipuram... .. 40 7 0 17 14 00 11 4 Perinbapuram.. ... .. 5 Porumeipuram.. . a: 4 0 6 6 Nganapuram S22 0 12 7 Dpbarmanagaram... .. 17 13 4 39 ... 10I 80 143 8 Anbinnagaram... 9 Sagayapuram 200000000 ¥ 00 12 10 Nganasundirapuram .. 20 40 30 11 Pugartchipuram ®0 0000 11 00 9 12 Suviseshapuram ift 9 13 Kumarenvilie 160 4 0 37 [tled. 14 Panneivilei teocc0 00 esses 90 00 26 The purchase is not yet set- 15 Naduvakuritchy 17 10 0 3 16 Sattyanagaram R R 105 00 63 10 00 10 ¥7 Pudopattl. jo...,... Besides these villages, the following pieces of land have been pur- chased for other purposes, viz R. A. P. In the Town of Tinnevelly, a ground for a Chapel, costs.... 1 i In do. Erel, a ground and house for a Chape Near Palamcottah, a burial ground 40000600000 s00000080600e00s At Sedukuvaitan, ground for a Missionary Residence, or a Christian village.......... . ---------- e o e 4540 The income from the villages consists of one or two kalli fanams from each householder per annum to the Mission, andis devoted to the repair of the Chapel, lighting it for evening prayer, &c. &c. In a few of them only there are some Palmeira trees: the trifling income from their cultivation goes to the same purposes, so is also the income from any piece of land that may be cultivated. In the first year of this settlement, the inhabitants pay nothing in consideration of the expense in building their houses, &c. There is, therefore, butlittle income yet from these villages. Nextyear allthese matters will be regulated. We hope also that the native Peace So- eiety, which will presently be mentioned, will soon be able to take this branch of our operations into its hands. IX.—MISCELLANIES. 1.—It has already been observed, that in September last, Mr. and Mrs. Muller removed to our new establishment at Suviseshapuram. ‘We have not yet been enabled to erect the other intended bungalow at the same place—an object we greatly desire, as we think it every way needful that two Missionaries should reside together in one place. This, as well as the necessity of effecting the purchase of the Mission premises in Sindupoonthurei, we would recommend to the earliest at- tention of our friends. Some extraordinary efforts must be made to accomplish these highly needful objects, 2 FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE 2.—We are greatly obliged to the Madras and Jaffoa Auxiliary Bible and Tract Societies, also to the Nagercoil and Neyoor Tract Societies, for the large supply of Tamil seriptures and tracts, with which they have respectively supplied this Mission in the course of the year. The contributions which our Native Religious Book Society has been able to make to these highly valuable Societies have been but small; but Besides the tracts received we trust they have been acceptable. from these sources, we have got printed 4,000 copies of our doctrinal Catechism, and 3,000 copies of a sheet tract, entitled * The voice of the true Vedam,” calling upon the Heathen to turn to the living God by faith in our Lord Jesus Christ. The former is particularly design- ed for our schools, and the latter for distribution at the various idol feasts. We have got printed also 500 copies of Mr. Muller’s ¢ Lives Want of of the Apostles,” designed particularly for our Catechists. printing paper delayed for a time the progress of ¢ The Body of Divini- ty in Tamil ; of which only 6 Numbers have appeared; the 7th Number has lately been putinto the Press, and we hoype the work will now pro- ceed. Our best thanks are herewith tendered to those friends who have especially assisted us in these publications, so that we have been at little cost with them ourselves. The translation of the Old Testa- ment in Tamil has made some advance. The Pentateuch, the books of Joshua and Judges; the Psalms, the Proverbs, the Prophets Isaiah, Daniel, Haggai, and Zechariah are finished, excepting a part of the last chapter of Zechariah, 3.—The Native Religious Book Society, established here in January last, has had anincome of 230 Rs. 7 A. 2 P. duringthis year; of which 87 Rs. 11 A. 6 P. have been contributed by the Catechists and Cona gregations. 17 11 ]1 l“.."‘..'.......'.‘by the Schoolchildren‘ 27 3 0. 00 ivdediieisnswnvanibydaleof beolksy and the rest by the Schoolmasters, ourselves, &c. Of this sum, 30 Rups. have been sent to the Madras Bible Society, and 30 Rups. to the Ma- dras Tract Society. The rest will be disposed of at the anniversary of the Society, to be held as soon as pessible. 4.—The Samadana Sunguon, or Peace Association, for promoting Peace by raising Christian villages, &e. likewise established in Janu- ary last; has had this year an income of 182 Rups. 5 A. 8 P. raised chiefly by the Catechists, Congregations and Schoolmasters, and by small monthly contributions from ourselves. The expense has been..........163 [s Rups. 4 A. 6 P, Balance in hand.... s o 80 o e0 0 os The Association has not yet been able to do any thing towards the proper object for which it has been established ; its expenditure com- prises chiefly the expenses accompanying the complaints made against our people, and the discharge of small debts, which had been contract- ed in the former year on the same account. They have still to pay more than 100 Rupees. 5.—The Poor Fuynd. There have been regular collections for the poor in all the 9 districts into which the Mission is divided. The head Catechist of each has the charge of them ; he has every month a meeting with the Catechists and headmen of his district, when contri- butions are received and distribution is made among the needy and distressed. The income in all the districts including Palamcottah, during the year has been..............224 Rups. 8 A. 2 P. e eRDENER L L e 21D 10 6 Badonce i handl, .4 il i bk 13 8 GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION, Here in Palameottah, or rather Sindupoonturei, from 80 to 100 poor people of all descriptions receive every Friday either some money or rice ; on which occasion they are also instructed in the truths of Chris- tianity. But little impression has as yet been made on their minds. 6.—Since September last, the cholera we are sorry to say, has made dreadful havoc in this province. Many hundreds, if not thousands, have tasted the bitterness of death and have suddenly been called be- There are fore the divine tribunal to give an account of their deeds. but few places which have been exempt from its attacks ; in many, its ravages have been and still are awful, particularly in the south. = A respectable Mahomedan family alone, in Tinnevelly, lost 10 of its members in the course of four or five weeks, of whom 3 only died of other sicknesses. In a village northward consisting of about 90 houses, 60 persons were attacked, of whom 46 died. Several Roman Catholic villages have suffered most severely. We have often assembled toge- ther, acknowledged the judgment of Jehovah, and heartily prayed for mercy upon the people, particularly that by the teaching of His Holy Spirit, the survivors may be brought to seek the Lord, and cast away their idols to the moles and to the bats ; and to leave offall their works We have recommended all our congregations to of unrighteousness. do the same in their prayer meetings. As for physical means, we have prepared and largely used Major Wallace’s cholera mixture. We are happy to say that it has proved in many cases successful. In our own immediate neighbourhood we had applications for medicine in 63 cases, of which 18 were fatal, and 45 recovered by means of the mixture, ex- In another place cepting two, in which other means were employed. eight persons were attacked, of whom two died before the medicine reached it, and six recovered by its means. The same was the case at A where 40 persons were attacked, of whom 38 recovered. From Suviseshapuram, at least 50 quart bottles of this mixture have been sent to villages in all directions, and many lives have been saved. We hLave reason therefore to bless God for this medicine. Though it has not been successful in all cases, yet in most it undoubtedly has been so, We are thankful to say that our congregations have hitherto been mercifully spared ; comparatively but few adults have died ; here and there their children have been taken away. We heartily pray that both the goodness and the severity of God may make a lasting impres- sion on their hearts, to the end that they may make a greater progress in holiness and heavenly mindedness. And oh! that the Heathen also would hear this terrible voice of the Most High! The vanity, the nselessness of their idols is certainly demonstrated to them in the clearest manner. We humbly trust, that the Church of Christ will have a rich harvest from this terrible judgment of God accompanying the proclamation of the Gospel, not only here but throughout the world. For, “in that day the loftiness of man shall be bowed down, and the “ haughtiness of men shall be made low ; and the Lord alone shall be exalted in that day : a man shall cast his idols of silver and his idols “ of gold to the moles and to the bats, for fear of the Lord and for the “ glory of his Majesty, when He riseth to shake terribly the earth.” We have now given our friends a briefaccount of the state of this Mission, as it is at the end of this year. There is reason to say that their and our united labours have not been in vain. Much of the igno- rance, superstition and vice which covers this land, has been diminish- ed ; many souls have been brought into the way of salvation: the Sa- viour’s grace is enjoyed : the wilderness rejoices: God’s holy Name is glorified. Much, much still remains to Butall this is only in part. be done. May the Lord help us to go on! 14 FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE May the year 1838, be marked with much more spiritual frnit from the labours of all the servants of Christ here in India and throughout the world ! Let both “ those who go forth to the battle, and those who abide with the stufl” be more diligent and fervent than ever in fulfilling their respective duties to their Redeemer ; the one in labouring, the other in supporting, and both in praying! It is yet day; ¢ the night cometh in which no man can work.” SINDUPOONTUREI, C. T. Ruenius, iN TINNEVELLY, P. ScHAFPFTER, December 26, 1837. % J.J. MULLER, J. M. LecHLER, now at Pondicherry. AN ABSTRACT of the Congregations in connexton with the German Evangelical Mission in Tinnevelly, at the end of December 1837 Candidates for Baptized. Baptism. % |No. of Districts of Cate chists =] s i ;£ No. of Villa- § N No. of families E Children Women ,Chlldren l Total of Souls 12 18 District I 170 145 110! 183 70 69 & 660 16 _—“"’*—‘IIo . 102 27 31 30 88 93 104 o 11 g 20 19 144 170 10 24 lv . .. 177 128 35 34 42 § 666 24 38 —V .... 89 97 123 420 479 65 52 67 375 363 § 1487 18 26 —VI.... 540 81 a3 467 465 709 1838 12 23 ———VII ... 198 7 34 43 166 145 296 741 16 41 Yt . 241 80 65 81 174| 183 219 802 13 gt B A 122 27 16 -19 106] 99 124 391 { 116 210|{Total at the end | of Dec. 1837.. 2157| 552 425 537 1679 1684 2501 |7378 107 214|Total at the end of June last..| 2129 516 413 512 | 16241640 2557 {7262 i 9 «.../Increase in Six | months 28 25 . e 36 12 55 44 116 4| Decrease "o o ............ »ese | CRC I e oo Norel.—The decrease in the number of villages has been occasioned by the omission of those, in which there were but 1 or 2 families who have either left those places or ceased to learn the word of God. This does not affect the increase of Catechists. Note2.—The decrease in the unbaptized children, has been caused by a number of them having come to age, and on that account, been put under the heads of men or women: and by others having 1€ ® SUMMARY ACCOUNT OF IN'COME AND EXPENSES IN THE GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION IN TINNEVELLY, FOR THE YEAR 1837. \ | INcOME. Rs. A. EXPENDITURE. Rs. | R ° 11707 5) :Fm' the support of the Miss TONATICS: .. oo als e e de avibiosnesnesreninsioe 8413 Balance from last year’s accountseeeeserioasscess — From the Madras Presidencyeeeceesesesccaacsses 8676 |65} Allowance to principal Native Assistants, Writers, Chapel servants, &c. 6644 Bengal do. “Moeavosoescssssssec e 1571 Do. to Catechists, including their Batta:.ceeees cocosacecionss do. °e ese0ecsnoessrsece o 120( Do. fo Schoolmasters oo e o, v R e v e 3439 Bombay 526 Malacca and Penang.ececeseesecscnaces 444 Do. toPrepamanditasss 5l cn L e Ga sl s 978 Baeland it o .. daveseauvan (=] 4330 For the Seminary, including Teachers, &Coeeeeeeyencesaceosonssans S cotlandl . oo e CRIRY 1167 Fortwo Bamil Moonshees:t. o . cii.oiveas 06 "000ae0 9000000000000 s 325 IRptssia and Germany...cessse: cavosesss 2140 House rent, repair of Mission hOUSES.eeeseaesacssecsissosssosccases 345 24 4\4@@(30?0(?‘@(.\10’3 OO FHISO D Native Congregations.eeeeeececasecssss 22 g OO ODWO For building a Mission house, &c. at Suviseshapuram....ceeeoacnnen. Missionaries’ journies in the country, including Mr. Jos. Rhenius’ H presented by a journey from Madras to Palamcottah, and Mr. Lechler’s journey Note.—The Diamond Earrings 760 14 Lady, as noticed in our last report, were foPondicherty it oo il oo i i e e i s sec0cossc e 925 sold for 315 Rupee S. Postage, Coolies, Cart hire, &C,cececes aesssncanansecres 108 Chapel furnitiure, &Coeeeeee. coovvreiioonanscatssssosssssessssansns School?Boaks (luaels &c. i iv ol oo i i s sl . 186 1( SEAIONELY s sic s s conionssinioliysnnssnnsioinssnosrinsonsesiossonss 169 Assistance to persons in distress, Medicines, &C.eesesscosasess PRy J Printing charges and paper for 2d and 3d Reportsiseeeeas.iines PR 313 For erecting and repairing Prayer houses, Chapels.eceeveaiise Do. Do. Catechists? houseS:oosiacce - 'ss % 119, seoe . 428 14 Purchasing lands for Christian Villages, Chapels.ac..ceva . .0 2 11 Assistance to the people to build houses in Christian Villages, &c. .... alamcottah. ... 24 For putting a wall round the burial ground near P GERMAN EVANGELICAL MISSION. D AR i SR S R SO A S B e . 388 14 25972 Balance in favor of the Mission.. . 5287 11 13 . 5 Rupees.ess 31255 l Y] Rupees.. 31259 L7 e 3 . T. E. RHENIUS, BINDAPOONTUREI IN TINNEVELLY, E. E P. SCHAFFTER, December 26, 1837. § J. J. MULLER, J. M. LECHLER, now ot Pondicherry. 15 16 FOURTH HALF-YEARLY REPORT OF THE &¢C. SummarY AccoUNT of the GirLs' Scroor Funp, under the charge of Mgs. ScHAFFTER, for 1837. INncoME. Rs AP EXPENDITURE. Rs.|A.|P- Balance from last year’s ac- | For boarding.cee.cocaness 30510 i count.eees ® acsscee ..11513}13 1 ! For clothin sesecare o ssoe e 7 8 Receipts in 1837....... o5 134} 0} O || For schoolmaster and ser- 7 vants.. s sae 258 By sale of Girl’s work.. scon e 19 12] 0 6 4 . For buildings...... 31 2110 Por books: s i viobs it . 95 4 4 ST e e S U e | e | 769 11 3 IBaIancg in favor of the et CNOOleseosssne sos 885 3110 Rupees.. 1654 lg! ]_ Rupees. . |1654/15] 1 E C. T. E. RHENIUS, P. SCHAFFTER, J. J. MULLER, J. M. LECHLER, now at Pondicherry. SINDAPOONTUREI IN TINNEVELLY, December 26, 1837. § N - o > e, e R S A S S s Y DT e R R s e SRRl s A U - et A T R IS =~ e g 2 TR h.‘mu N f,? # D b = o — N e © 7 o 7z o ¥ S T i i 1 7 7 n; ) " N > - X% < N 3 = > & o 7 5 ? i s < £ o 7 & i 5 e 7y 5 s . 37 / 5 ; 53 S ? el s i ?',h 2| 3 ; % o 7l o |2 e S 3. - 45 it 5 5% 0 ; 25 2 j s 5T L, & 7 :0 ke 7 i » / 75 7 ;?’égg o 00 . i S % 5 £ & 3’ < 9 f 7 o ¥e 2, ; FaT, 37 & y i st £3:4 Fie S i i £ « 251 i 3, Frd o & b 37, 115 : 3% 7 L i 45 o 5% = 44 2 e & = ¥ 12 b e hEE 2 i fak i . N £ 3 £33 i i ST i o £ £ i H i b 5 g I fess 2 33 I3, ; 3 o ] ; ?’ o o, ? Sty 3¢ . ; Wl o4 ) i kp b At k32 5 frs e LK 1 ¥ 2 15 04 L) %) i 2y L 2 vy 2 % i & . 15 (1 £ 8 3 7 N 38 & i 4 o i Yo i 7 ; s 5 i ol (?i 2 "f' i i (2 f £ 2 N (3 218 R % i 2 : r: Y et e5 32 2 14 . A 3 i 7 o 7 (o 4 x YEESS W 2 .4 iy 5 P 7 % A ) 123 L%, i (3 ot i 2 ) 4 & 0 2, fpek 2 5 7 R ’ 12 & o o .ijs it LS b i N o o 70 5 A 7 7 i o e £ vt Bl - . 4 i3 i S, i B \,,}/’ Ahee i 2 X pL e Y £33 & 'ex (7 A (4] 4 I 3 i 37 5 P : o b A (&8 1 ¢ & 4 {343 % : 23, h..; o5 i £ o a& e ‘ @ 05 i 7 i £ 0 P 4 ¥ ) g rees £ ot 7] o i i - ) 4 i.& e ey (4 G 2 14 Vit 9, i AT 5 377 14 % 1553 § ¥ £ )bv' 2t € . 5 A £ 0 ) (< R ) 241 i A X 201 i 3] b4 & a8 ¥4 i G o e 0f 0 % A AR 4 i 5, A 8 ) s oL, 06 33 AT 0 . 37 e ) 5 V) 3, 4 (c f b | L fi Gl % i % AL % 14 0 § A i i s 453 <5 by | N I o L i ; s 7 i {e P e b ey s 0 b ; o - 4 2 é{ L ) i x: Al . @ 5 4 213 «© 287 i < Ui Tk 5 : o 5 {31 o § 14 R D i i b 7o $12 *is i ) £, g 19 et ¥ i % ) v i N 14 2% b e Y it A l20 om U CER T @3 BOPOPPOOCCOEEEEE /- S [ S FOURTH R 2 | © S VierFarbSelector Standard * - Euroskala Offset HALF-YEARLY REPORT I 15 = © & [ O Balance Q o g OF THE | =L Focus ; N © GERMAN EVA]:VGELECAL MISSION, M IN TINNEVEL%LY, l'10 f&a BESE R " B 11 TO THE END OF DECEMBER 1837 10 . S CLCCRLCCLECCLE, ® 6 {¥avras ¢ 3. B. PHAROAH-MOUNT ROAD, D) 5 — ; MDCCCXXXVII, 4 éigji 3 o) ¢ ©) & ® CEL, CCLee CCL, 2 1 W Copyright 4/1999 YxyMaster GmbH www.yxymaster.com